UNIT 2

EDUCATION FOR COMMUNICATION

LESSON 1: Appreciating Others
THANK YOU, MA’AM
by Langston Hughes
 Think It Through
•• Howexamples
Find old do youofthink Mrs. Jones was? that show Mrs.
sentences/statements
• How did
Jones she feel about
understood Roger Roger? Was she angry at
very well.
• him? do
What Didyou
shelike
likeabout
him? the story? How should we view
• others?
At what point in the story did Mrs. Jones show that
• Ifshe
youcared
wereabout
Roger,Roger?
how would you show your gratitude
• for Mrs. Jones?
Describe Roger’s physical appearance. How about his
• What value can we get from the story?
behavior?
• Do you think Mrs. Jones is a good example of how we
• How did Mrs. Jones treat Roger initially? How did her
should treat others? Why?
behavior change?
 Think It Through
• What does the first stanza of the poem imply?
• Do you think humans are created equally but
differently? Why?
• What do you think is the author’s idea behind the
lines, “And every human had his adjunct pleasure,
wherein it finds a joy above the rest”?
• In connection with the poem, think of your own
qualities that make you happy.
 RHYME SCHEME
• Literary devices play an important role in
poetry. One aspect is what we call rhyme
scheme, which improves the structure of a
given poem.
 Rhyme

Noun
• correspondence of sound between words or
the endings of words, especially when these
are used at the end of lines of poetry.
Verb
• (of a word, syllable, or line) have or end with a
sound that corresponds to another.
e.g. "balloon rhymes with moon"
 Rhyme Scheme
• The pattern of rhymes used in a poem, usually
marked by letters to symbolize correspondences, as
Example:
rhyme royal,Roses are red (a)
ababbcc.
Violets
• The rhyme are blue (b)
scheme is the practice of rhyming words
placedBeautiful
at the endthey alllines
of the mayinbe
the(c)
prose or poetry.
Rhyme But I loverefers
scheme you (b)
to the order in which particular
words rhyme. If the alternate words rhyme, it is an
“a-b-a-b” rhyme scheme, which means “a” is the
rhyme for the lines 1 and 3 and “b” is the rhyme
affected in the lines 2 and 4.
 EXERCISE
• Create two (2) stanza poem with
a rhyme pattern of ababbcc.
 IDIOMS
• Idioms are words, phrases or expressions
which are commonly used in everyday
conversation by native speakers of English.
They are often metaphorical and make the
language more colorful.
 The following sentences contain idioms. The
fixed words constituting the idiom in each case
are in bold letters.
Here are some additional examples
with their meaning:
 EXERCISE
• Search on the internet 50
uncommon Idioms together with its
meaning. Write it on a whole bond
paper.
Lesson 2 - Worth of Parenthood
 THE FATHER
by Björnstjerne Björnson
 Think It Through
• Describe the character of the father shown in the beginning and at
the end of the story.
• If you were the father, would you give everything your son desires?
• Do you think material things are more important than the time we
spend for the people we love?
• What made the Father change his view at the end of the story?
• What advice could you give to the father if you were the Priest in
the story?
• What realizations do you have after reading the story?
• What do you think is the author’s purpose for writing this story?
The Child with Prince Robes
Tagore (Gitanjali)
 SENSORY IMAGES
• Creating sensory images is a strategy readers
use to think more deeply about a text. It is
when the readers combine their schema and
the information in the text to create an image
in their mind. This image can represent all of
the five senses (visual, smell, taste, sound,
touch or feeling).
 CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION

• Connotation and Denotation are two principal

methods of describing the meanings of words.
Connotation refers to the wide array of
positive and negative associations that most
words naturally carry with them, whereas
denotation is the precise, literal definition of a
word that might be found in a dictionary.
Here are some examples of connotative
words. Note that connotations can be
both positive and negative in meaning.
 Denotation and Connotation Practice
CAR 1 CAR 2
Automobile
Name:
Denotation:
Connotations:
What name tells
you about driver,
speed, features of
car:
Lesson 3 - Growing With Discipline
 DISCIPLINE
A Short Story by John Gilstrap
 Think It Through
• What kind of man do you think is Mr. Gravenow?
• Is it right for a teacher to give physical discipline
to the students because of their extreme
rudeness?
• Do you think the action done by Jon's father
towards Dr. Marvin Eugene Applewaite to defend
his son was right? Why or why not?
• What kind of man was Jon's dad?
• If you were Jon's dad, would you do the same?
Why or why not?
 ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
• An Argumentative essay is a genre of writing
where a writer makes an argument about a
certain issue that tries to convince the reader
to agree on his/her point of view. It is
important to gather information about the
topic to discuss and take a clear stand
concerning the issue.
 Patterns of Argumentative Essay
Here are the main parts of argumentative essay.
• Introduction. Obviously, every essay begins with an
introductory paragraph. In an argumentative essay, the first
paragraph should introduce the background information
necessary for the argument and the thesis statement.
• Body. The paragraphs in the body must contain reasons. The
reason is stated in the topic sentence and is supported by
supporting details or materials. The supporting materials can
be examples, statistics, personal experiences, or quotations.
• Conclusion. In conclusion, you must restate the main claim
and present one or two general statements, accurately
summarizing the arguments which support the main
premise.
Child Abuse essay
Skills vs. Knowledge in Education
by Jonan Donaldson
 FIGURES OF SPEECH
• Figures of Speech is use of words in a sense different
from their literal definition for the purpose of
producing clearness, force, beauty and
remarkableness of expression. It is usually used in
poems and other forms of literature.
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Exercise: Identify the figure of speech used
in each sentence below.
Answers
Exercise: Write an example of each type of
figurative language below.
 SAVE AS
• Compose a three-stanza poem on how you will
discipline someone who commits a mistake
(especially for children). Be sure to apply the
different figures of speech you learned from the
discussion. Do it in Microsoft Word. Embolden
the phrases that contain figures of speech.
• Create a private group in Facebook for the
whole class. Post your work for further
discussion and evaluation among your
classmates and your teacher.
Lesson 4 - Say It Right!
(1992)
 Think It Through
• What have you noticed on the words introduced in the
poem? Did you find it rhyming or not?
• Did you find it difficult to read the poem? Why? Why
not?
• What do you think is the author’s advice to the readers
in the final line of the poem?
• Why is pronunciation necessary?
• How does the spelling of a word affect our
pronunciation?
 PRONUNCIATION
• Accent
Languagerefers to aofway
is a means of pronunciation
communication. It has
three
by components:
a speaker within a locality. Accents
Grammar
differ – structures
in quality of voice, pronunciation of
vowels andorconsonants,
Vocabulary stress
lexis – words that and meaning
convey
prosody. The –way
Pronunciation youhow
manner pronounce
a languageeach
is
wordoraffects
spoken yourare
how words overall language.
uttered.
•Good
International Phonetic
pronunciation allows Alphabet
listeners to(IPA)
formhelps
a better
impression
you learnofhow
you to
as pronounce
you speak and think of each
correctly you as
anand
educated
every person.
word inThey can even focus on the
English.
message you are communicating.
 STRESS AND PITCH
• A stress refers to the emphasis on a word or
syllable to which it is pronounced with greater
force. When a word has more than one
syllable, no syllables are pronounced with the
same degree or force.
 STRESS AND PITCH
• A pitch in a word is used to give a certain word
more specific meaning in the context of a
dialog. Pitch words are the most valuable and
relevant words in a sentence; the words that
allow the interpretation of the dialog.
 GESTURE AND INTONATION
• The intonation in linguistics refers to the
variation of pitch used when speaking. It gives
expression and meaning to what we say or
hear. Is the speaker agitated? Excited?
Fearful? Is he/she expressive or
expressionless? Is the speaker convincing?
 SAVE AS
• Make a dialogue and draw your own
intonation pattern.
• Highlight some vocabulary words and find its
International Phonetic Alphabet symbols.
• List down the words and its symbols after the
dialogue you made.
• Do it in Microsoft Word.
• Form groups of five (5) and discuss your work
with your groupmates.
Lesson 5 - Speak Freely
CORRUPTION UNDERMINES THAIS'
TRUST IN DEMOCRACY
by Boonwara Sumano, TDRI
 Think It Through
• •"IfWhat
the military
comes into really
your wishes
mind to solve theyou hear
whenever
corruption problem and promote democracy in
the word “Corruption”?
•Thailand,
What does as the
it claims, then it needs
title, “Corruption to institute a
Undermines
culture of transparency,
Thais' Trust in Democracy” as well as political, that
signify?
•enable
How did Thai
thepeople to monitor
large number and question
of middle their
class Thais
government
expressed theirwhile it is still intopower."
opposition Do you
their junta?
•agree
Whatwith this statement?
message/s did the Thais Whywantor why not?
to voice
• Why
out?did
Citethe
theauthor
line/s say that “Corruption
to prove your answer.is not
only an unsolved problem in Thailand,
• Are the Thais who joined the campaign totally it’s a
worsening one.”?
happy with the junta? Why or why not?
 ARGUMENTATIVE CLAIM
• An argument is usually a main idea, often
called a “claim” or “thesis statement,” backed
up with evidence that supports the idea. This
is where an author takes out a position on a
certain issue and proves why it is a good
position to hold. Argumentative essay is also
called as a "position essay."
HUMAN TRAFFICKING
by Sangeeta Dutta
 SAVE AS
• Make your argumentative claim or stand about the
following issues and identify what type of claims are
these issues. Do it in Microsoft word.
1. A Filipino politician's controversial case
2. Preparedness of Filipinos to calamity like the BIG
ONE (earthquake)
3. K-12 implementation
• Form groups of five (5) and discuss your work with your
groupmates.
Lesson 6 - Scanning Reality and
Fantasy
LOVE STORY
by Taylor Swift
 Think It Through
• Do you like the message of the song? How do you
like it?
• Who are the characters mentioned in the song?
• Are you familiar with the characters mentioned in
the song?
• What do you think was the inspiration of the
composer to compose the song?
• If you watched its music video, in what period or
era did the theme of the song take place?
ROMEO AND JULIET
by William Shakespeare
 SCANNING
• Scanning is a reading technique where the reader looks for
specific information rather than trying to absorb all the
information.
• One example of scanning is when you are looking up a word in
the dictionary or telephone directory. By identifying keywords
before you start reading, it is possible to scan large quantities of
text at speed. Scanning is made easier if the keywords you
identify are names, places, dates, etc. - which are identified by
capital letters or numbers.
• Occasionally, scanning may be made even easier if certain words
are emboldened, italicized, or in a different font size or style.
• Scanning can be used to determine whether a particular piece of
text will be useful in your research.
 Preparing A Bibliography
• A bibliography is a list of all of the sources of information in print on
a specific subject. This is also the description and identification of
any written materials like books. Bibliography is used in the process
of researching one’s work. In general, a bibliography should include:
1. the authors' names
2. the titles of the works
3. the names and locations of the companies that published
the copies of the sources
4. the dates the copies were published
5. the page numbers of the sources (if they are part of multi-
source volumes)
• There are many formats used in writing a bibliography. The two
main types of bibliography formats are Modern Language
Association (MLA) and American Psychological Association (APA).
1. Author(s): Lynn Smith
Title: A Study of Undergraduate Students
Journal: Collegiate Learning Review
  Exercise:
Year: 2010Give the in-text citation and reference page
Page number: article pgs. 170- 191; quote pg. 172
citation for the following resources. You should give
2.the
Author(s):
citationAllen
for a Jameison
direct quoteandwithout
Susan Plette
integrating it
Title: A Quick Look at the Symptoms of Adult-Onset
into your writing. An example quote is given so that
Cardiac
all youDisease
must doinisDiabetic
give the citation afterward.
Journal: Journal of Medical Practices
Year: 2013
Volume: 4
Issue: 2
Page number: article pgs. 80-85; quote on pg. 83
1. Reference: ___Smith, L. (2010). “A study of
undergraduate students.” Collegiate Learning Review,
170-191.
2. Reference: __Jameison, A. & Plette, S. (2013). “A quick
look at symptoms of adult-onset cardiac disease in
diabetes.” Journal of Medical Practices 4(2), 80-85. 
 SAVE AS
• Gather eight to ten (8-10) different printed
materials such as textbooks, storybooks,
magazines, newspapers, dictionaries or
encyclopedias. Take a picture of the cover of
each book then, label and encode its
bibliography. Do it in Microsoft Word.
• Create a private group in Facebook for the
whole class. Post your work for further
discussion and evaluation among your
classmates and your teacher.