ITU Business Telecommunications Homework Assignment #8 Attempt to answer the following problems from Chapters 15 and 16 of the text:

: 1. Differentiate between an analogue and a digital electromagnetic signal. 2. Define fundamental frequency. 3. What is the relationship between a signal's spectrum and its bandwidth? 4. How can telephone networks use communication facilities that limit the transmission of sound to a narrow bandwidth (human hearing 20-20,000Hz; phone system 300-3400Hz)? 5. What is attenuation? 6. How does delay distortion place a limitation on the data rate for digital data? 7. What is noise? 8. What is white noise? 9. Why does thermal noise place an upper bound on communication system performance? 10. What is inter-modulation noise? 11. Describe the phenomenon known as multipath. 12. Define channel capacity. 13. What key factors affect channel capacity? 14. A signal has a fundamental frequency of 1000 Hz. What is its period? 15. Given the narrow (usable) audio bandwidth of a telephone transmission facility, a nominal SNR of 56 dB (400,000), and a distortion level of <0.2%: a. What is the theoretical maximum channel capacity (Kbps) of traditional telephone lines (POTS)? b. What is the actual maximum channel capacity? 16. Distinguish among analogue data, analogue signaling, and analogue transmission. 17. Distinguish among digital data, digital signaling, and digital transmission. 18. What is the difference between amplification and retransmission? 19. What is differential encoding? 20. What function does a modem perform? 21. Indicate three major advantages of digital transmission over analogue transmission.

22. How are binary values represented in amplitude shift keying, and what is the limitation of this approach? 23. Match the device or system with the correct type of signal and data. Data/Signal A. Digital data/digital encoding B. Digital data/analogue Ethernet encoding C. Analogue data/digital AM/FM radio encoding D. Analogue PCM data/analogue encoding 1. How is the transmission of a single character differentiated from the transmission of the next character in asynchronous transmission? 2. What is a major disadvantage of asynchronous transmission? Device/System Modem transmissions