2 [EM2] DC Generator 2.1 Background The characteristics which indicate the operating properties of a DC generator are the no load characteristic respectively the load characteristic for separate-, shunt- and compound excitation, 2.2 Experiment 2.2.1 Circuit diagram SU © ® eo® ween Vie ‘3 x29014001¢16 VAC Fig, 2.1 Separately excited DC generator2.2.2 Equipment u DC machine MV1028 (alt. MV1034) G = DC machine MV1006 Digital Torque, Speed and Shaft Power Meter MV1054 ‘Shunt rheostat MV1905, Load resistor MV1100 = Ammeter MV1923 or MV1941 DC Measuring Unit Voltmeter MV1926 or MV1941 DC Measuring Unit Ammeter MV1922 or MV1941 DC Measuring Unit ‘Switch MV1500 = Power supply MV1300 (3x0-230VAC), MV1302 (3x0-400VAC) ‘or MV1304 (3x0-415VAC). 2.2.3. Initial preparations = Connect the DC machine MV 1028 (MV1034) as motor and the DC machine MV 1006 as generator in accordance with the circuit diagram. Make a note of the ratings of the DC generator shown on the rating plate. These ratings must not be exceeded at any time during the laboratory experiments. The supervisor should now check the connections. + The DC generator is fed with controlled DC voltage from the Power supply (via shunt theostat Rag). Adjust the shunt rheostat (Reg) to obtain minimum excitation current. Turn on the fixed DC voltage switch. «The DC machine MV1028 (MV1034) is also excited from the fixed DC voltage of the Power supply. The excitation current is controlled by the shunt rheostat (Rm). Adjust the shunt rheostat to obtain maximum excitation current. Set the variable DC voltage control to zero and turn on the variable voltage switch. Then turn up the rotor voltage to 220V. The machine starts and reaches approximately 1500rpm. 2.2.4 No load characteristic E = f (Im) for separate excitation * Adjust the brake machine MV1028 to bring the speed to 1400rpm. This speed must be ‘maintained constant throughout the experiment and must therefore be checked from time to time. The switch S must be off. + Vary the excitation current Im in steps of 0.1A from zero to maximum and for every step make a note of In and the induced voltage in the results section 2.3. U Im «Vary the excitation current in steps of 0.1A from max to zero and for every step make a note of In and U. * Observe that, with increase and decrease respectively of the excitation current, the induced emf will differ owing to magnetic hysteresis in iron parts of the machine. Check the speed. Repeat the measurements at 1200rpm.2.2.5 Load characte! ic U =f (Ip) for separate excitation Adjust the speed of the brake machine to 1400rpm. This speed must be maintained constant throughout the experiment and must therefore be checked from time to time. U + comp SS sep shunt L__wig Adjust the shunt rheostat Rno of the DC generator to bring the generator voltage to 220V. The switch S must still be off. Make a note of the setting of the generator excitation current In. This excitation current must be maintained constant during the entire experiment and must therefore be checked from time to time. Adjust the load resistor Ra to minimum load. Use only one phase of Rs at the lowest load. Turn on the switch S and with the load resistor Re vary the load current Ig in steps of 1A up to the rated current. For each step make notes of the current I, and the voltage Uin the results section 2.3. Check the speed and the excitation current! 2.2.6 Load characteristic U = f (Ip) for shunt excitation In the preceding experiments the generator has been separately excited. Stop the machine and switch it to shunt excitation by moving the excitation circuit from the fixed 220VDC to generator voltage, as illustrated in the detailed circuit diagram below: Fig, 2.2 Shunt excited DC-generator Make sure that the switch S is off , start the brake machine and adjust the speed to 1400rpm. This speed must be kept constant during the entire experiment and should therefore be checked from time to time. Adjust the shunt rheostat Ri, of the generator so that the generator voltage becomes 220V. The setting of the shunt rheostat must thereafter not be changed during the experiment. (If the generator does not take up voltage, shift the feed to Rm:)‘Tum on the switch S and with the load resistor Rs vary the load current Ig in steps of 1A up to rated current. Read for each step the current Ip and voltage U and make notes in the results section 2.3. Check the speed and do not move the shunt rheostat Rim.