Understanding

Culture, Society,
and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Enculturation and Socialization
Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Enculturation and Socialization
First Edition, 2020

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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Rose Marie D. Ligan and Mirasal T. Solis
Editors: Delio A. Lapore, PhD
Reviewers: Dionesio B. Lacerna Jr.
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Template Developer:
Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena, CESO V
Jinky B. Firman, OIC-ASDS
Marilyn V. Deduyo, OIC-ASDS
Alma D. Cifra, EdD
Amelia S. Lacerna
Aris B. Juanillo, PhD

Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng ________________________

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

Office Address : DepEd Davao City Division, E. Quirino Ave.,

Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines

Telefax : (082) 224 0100

E-mail Address : info@deped-davaocity.ph

 Understanding
Culture, Society,
and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Enculturation and Socialization
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Alternative Delivery Mode for Understanding Culture, Society, and
Politics of the Grade 12 Senior High School students, Module 5: Enculturation and
Socialization

This module was collaboratively designed, improved and scrutinized by educators

by the department of education to assist you to facilitate our learners achieve the
goals set by the K to 12 Curriculum in the limits of their home as they overcome
their physical, personal, social and economic difficulties.

This learning material or modality aspire to support and sustain the learner’s need
of continuous learning into guided and independent learning activities at their own
measure and time. With their present circumstances, the learners will able to
engage their 21st century skills.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
learning resource. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included here.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with useful and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pacing and time. In
your journey of learning, you will actively involve yourself to the learning process.

The following are some reminders in using this self-directed learning resource
material:

1. Use the material with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let us Try before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this material to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks provided here, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone. We will do the learning together.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn!

Great day, Grade 12 learner! Welcome to Understanding Culture, Society,

and Politics course subject. Here you are going to cross yourself a bridge from
doubt to know, you will have better understanding and knowing of yourself and
others. It is vital to us to know our self-first in order for us to know others, as the
idiom says, You cannot give what you do not have, or You cannot fill the cup with
water if you’re empty.

May you have a helpful and significant journey of discovering yourself as you
follow through the process offered to you in this self-directed learning resource.

At the end of this learning process, you will be able to:

1. understand the concept of socialization;

2. identify the terms relevant to socialization; and
3. categorize personal experiences based on the agent of socialization.

Let Us Try!

Read each item carefully. Select the best answer and write only the letter of
your choice on a separate piece of paper.

1. What is socialization?
a. It is a lifelong process of social interaction.
b. It is a process of accepting social norms
c. It is a methods of social interaction.
d. It is a process of developing citizen to function effectively.

2. What is the significant result of socialization?

a. self-actualization c. self-identity
b. self-realization d. self-esteem

3. Which is NOT included in the significant aspects of socialization?

a. social context c. results
b. internalization d. process

4. What aspect of socialization refers to ideas, beliefs, behavior, and other

information that are passed on by members of society to the individual?
a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

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5. What is the process of accepting the social norms, attitudes, roles, and
values transmitted by people and social groups within society as one’s own?
a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

6. Who said that the human mind at birth is nothing but a blank slate, or
tabula rasa?
a. Rene Descartes c. Immanuel Kant
b. David Hume d. John Locke

7. What aspect of socialization refers to the methods of interaction that

enables the content to be given to the person undergoing socialization?
a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

8. What is the process of being socialized into a specific culture?

a. socialization c. enculturation
b. internalization d. acculturation

9. Who said that the one must undergo a process of learning a culture in
all its uniqueness and particularity?
a. Margaret Mead c. H. Otley Beyer
b. Franz Boaz d. Ruth Benedict

10. What is considered as the primary agent of socialization from infancy to

childhood?
a. school c. peer-groups
b. family d. mass media

11. What is an influential agent of socialization that includes TV, newspaper, and
films?
a. school c. family
b. mass media d. peer - groups

12. What is the idea that refers to the innate rights to be valued, respected, and
treated well?
a. human identity c. human rights
b. human value d. human dignity

13. What do you call the systematic means and practices used to maintain norms,
roles, and laws?
a. social sanction c. social stratification
b. social role d. social control

4
14. What do you call the laws and other regulation that are provided by the
society?
a. legal sanction c. formal sanction
b. informal sanction d. social sanction

15. What is the term that refers to the behavior that elicits a strong negative
reaction from group members and involves actions that violate commonly held
social norms?
a. deviance c. conformity
b. rebellion d. innovation

Let Us Study

Directions: List your personal likes and dislikes. Give at least five examples. The
list includes things, activities, places, behavior, or people that immediately come to
your mind. Indicate a specific reason why you like or dislike them.

Likes Dislikes

Our likes and dislikes are big part of who we are. From our childhood, the
people around us influence our likes and dislikes. As we grow older, our
thoughts and feelings change, and these affect our likes and dislikes. The
agents that affect our choices in life are as follows: family, peer group, school,
mass media and church.

These agents of socialization such as family, peer group, school, mass

media, and church guide every individual in understanding what is happening
in our society. People learn to determine what is proper; right or wrong.

Agents of Socialization

Family
Family is a significant agent of socialization since it is the first contact of an
individual in the social world. It is where he/she starts to learn and discover so
many things necessary in life to survive. A child learns to socialize through the help

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of his family. For example, children often imitate the parents' responsibilities at
home like doing household chores through play. Also, they learn to accept
obligation and responsibilities including obedience to simple rules set by parents at
home. Different forms of positive learning will flourish within an individual with
proper guidance and care of the family.

Schools
Another important agent of socialization is the school, where individuals
acquire important learnings and skills. School is a significant institution aiming to
develop a functional and responsible individual in the society. It provides
meaningful learning activities for an individual to achieve holistic development.
Also, the integration of good moral values in the academic arena is important to the
society, as it tends to remove the possibility of a person to deviate from the
standards of morality. For example, learning how to read, write, take
responsibilities, share ideas, and obey rules are just few of things we learn and
practice in school. The school acts as catalyst of positive change and development
for both people and community.

Mass Media
Mass media nowadays is considered as an influential form of socialization
among children and young adults. This is because the content of mass media is
very powerful. It’s pretty much affecting not only to the youths, but also to the
entire society as well. It also has an enormous effect on our children’s attitude and
behavior. It can be a good or bad agent of socialization. Nonetheless, media plays
an increasingly significant role in the society today particularly in terms of
communication. That being said, parents need to set limits on what their kids are
reading on papers or internet; or maybe what they are watching on television,
and/or doing in their electronic gadgets. Parents have the privilege of being the
children’s technology and social media role models. Parents moreover, should teach
children when to switch off from mass media because it is their job to set up the
perimeter for their children.

Peer Group

Peer group is another influential agent of socialization particularly during

teenage years. This is where children’s formative years begin, where learning and
interactions start to form and shape or reshape a child’s values and point of views.
It is where they start to build relationships outside of their homes and spend most
of the time hanging out with their friends whom they share the same interest and
experiences. Parents should pay close attention to their children’s peer group as
this could greatly affect their well-being, and is crucial to their mental and
emotional growth.
A good example of peer group would be friends outside and inside the school
or any club the child is affiliated with. The influence they get from peer group is not
long term compared to family, but peer groups could make or break a child, so
parents’ guidance is extremely important.

Religion

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 Religious socialization can greatly influence children's belief and
understandings. It is the secondary socialization for our children that comes after
family. Hence, parental religious participation is important or else, our children will
resort to their friends' religious influence. Moreover, parents should be wary of their
children’ religious peer groups as there could be potent agent of socialization for
them, in the sense that certain norms in the spiritual realm and even societal
standards are being drawn on.

Family School Mass Media Peer group Church

PEER GROUP

INDIVIDUAL

Theories on Identity

Norms and values

• It refers to all those idea held in society that are considered

acceptable and right.

4 Categories of Norms

1. Folkways are socially approved behaviors that have no moral

underpinning.
2. Mores refers to norms related to moral convictions.

3. Taboos are behaviors that are absolutely forbidden in specific culture.

4 Laws consist of rules and regulations that are implemented by the state.

Roles and Status

• Roles are the sets of expectations from the people who occupy
particular Status

• Status is an individual's position in his/her society, which carries

with its a set of defined rights and obligations

7
source:https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/pontifical-and-royal-university-of-santo-tomas-the-catholic-
university-of-the-philippines/the-contemporary-world/lecture-notes/final-ucsp-module-very-good/5432381/view

Status has two types:

Ascribed Status and Achieved Status

Ascribed Status Achieved Status

Daughter/
friend

sister/
worker

female/
student

17 Team leader
years

Filipino class officer

source:https://www.centrallyon.org/vimages/shared/vnews/stories/48c823b73d5e2/ch%203%20-
%20social%20structure%20-%20notes%20-%20pp%20%5BCompatibility%20Mode%5D.pdf

Let Us Practice

Activity: Know Me!

Directions: The following statements shows beliefs, values, and norms associated
with the concept of enculturation and socialization Write Yes or No to the item
that reflects you.

1. Is it necessary for the family to eat together?

2. Is it necessary for you to help your parents after getting a job?

8
3. Is it necessary for you to help your friends when they need you?

4. Is it necessary for you to do the same vices that your friends also do?

5. Is it necessary for you to follow the belief (religion) of your parents?

Let Us Practice More

Directions: From the given activity above (Know Me), answer the questions in your
answer sheet.

1. Did your family affect your values and beliefs? How?

2. Were your friends able to influence your values and beliefs? How?
3. Do you believe in the saying, “tell me who your friends are and I will tell you
who you are? Why?

Let Us Remember

Important Terms in Enculturation and Socialization

• Nature refers to biological inheritance.

• Nurture refers to cultural inheritance
• Socialization refers to the process by which an individual is oriented and
taught by his or her society's norm
• Identity formation is compilation of the values, attitudes, and beliefs that
individual receive from their family, peer, and community enable them to
create a personal identity
• Primary Identity cconsists of the role and statuses that an individual learn as
a child

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 Let Us Assess

Read each item carefully. Select the correct answer and write only the letter
of your choice on a separate piece of paper.

1. What is the term that refers to the behavior that elicits a strong negative
reaction from group members and involves actions that violate commonly held
social norms?

a. deviance c. conformity
b. rebellion d. innovation

2. What is considered as the primary agent of socialization from infancy up to

childhood?

a. school c. peer-groups
b. family d. mass media

3. What is the process of being socialized into specific culture?

a. socialization c. enculturation
b. internalization d. acculturation

4. What aspect of socialization refers to ideas, beliefs, behavior, and other

information that are passed on by members of society to the individual?
a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

5. What is the process of accepting the social norms, attitudes, roles, and values
transmitted by people and social groups within society as one’s own?
a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

6. Who said that the human mind at birth is nothing but a blank slate, or tabula
rasa?

a. Rene Descartes c. Immanuel Kant

b. David Hume d. John Locke

7. What aspect of socialization refers to the methods of interaction that enable the
content to be given to the person undergoing socialization?

a. process c. result
b. internalization d. content

10
8. Which is NOT included in the significant aspects of socialization?
a. Social context c. results
b. internalization d. process

9. Who said that one must undergo a process of learning a culture “in all its
uniqueness and particularity”?
a. Margaret Mead c. H. Otley Beyer
b. Franz Boaz d. Ruth Benedict

10. What is the significant result of socialization?

a. Self-actualization c. self-identity
b. Self-realization d. self-esteem

11. What is the influential agent of socialization that includes TV, newspaper, and
films?
a. school c. family
b. mass media d. peer - groups

12. What is the idea that that refers to the innate rights to be valued, respected
and treated well?
a. human identity c. human rights
b. human value d. human dignity

13. What do you call the systematic means and practices used to maintain norms,
roles, and laws?

a. social sanction c. social stratification

b. social role d. social control

14. What do you call the laws and other regulation that are provided by the
society?

a. legal sanction c. formal sanction

b. informal sanction d. social sanction

15. What is socialization?

a. It is a lifelong process of social interaction.
b. It is a process of accepting social norms.
c. It is a methods of social interaction.
d. It is a process of developing citizen to function effectively.

11
 Let Us Enhance

Activity 2: STOP, THINK, WHAT I CAN DO

Identify one serious problems in our country today. Think about your
values, status, and role in the society and how these can solve the problem

This rubric will be used in rating your work.

Excellent Good Poor

5 point
Content / Student showed
Goal exceptionally clear
understanding of the
issue and strongly
and clearly states a
personal opinion.
Explanation Student gave 3 or
more excellent
suggestions with
good support. There is
evidence of thought
and research.
Organization The sentences and
paragraphs are well-
written and
complete.
3 points 1 point
Student showed good Student did not
understanding of the show understanding
issue with some of the issue and
references and clearly personal opinion is
states a personal opinion. not easily
understood.
Student gave 3 or more Student gave 1 or 2
suggestions with support suggestions with
but the arguments are support but the
somewhat weak. arguments are
weak or missing.
The sentences and There is little or no
paragraphs are correct evidence of
but with few sentence or
inconsistencies. paragraph structure.

Grammar Student has no Student has few Student has many

grammatical or grammatical/mechanical grammatical /
mechanical error in errors which are not mechanical errors.
the output. distracting. Clearly did not
proofread.

Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf

12
 Let Us Reflect

Directions: As you have reached this part here, you will have to finish the
statement which will show your understanding and realization about the lesson.

After going through the activities, I learned that socialization and enculturation…
________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

And I realized that norms and values are

__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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 References

Atienza M., Lusterio Rico, R., Arugay, A., Encinas-Franco, Jr., & Quilla, D, (2016)
Understanding Culture, Society, & Politics for Senior High School, Quezon City:
C&E Publishing, Inc.

Department of Education. (2016). Understanding Culture, Society, & Politics. Teacher

Guide. Pasig City. Lexicon Press, Inc.

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/pontifical-and-royal-university-of-santo-
tomas-the-catholic-university-of-the-philippines/the-contemporary-world/lecture-
notes/final-ucsp-module-very-good/5432381/view

http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/pontifical-and-royal-university-of-santo-
tomas-the-catholic-university-of-the-philippines/the-contemporary-world/lecture-
notes/final-ucsp-module-very-good/5432381/view

https://www.centrallyon.org/vimages/shared/vnews/stories/48c823b73d5e2/ch%20
3%20-%20social%20structure%20-%20notes%20-
%20pp%20%5BCompatibility%20Mode%5D.pdf

http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf

15
Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines

Telephone: (082) 224 0100 / 228 3970

Email Address: info@deped-davaocity.ph / lrmds.davaocity@deped.gov.ph

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