Kendrix Nilooban Ibonia LAB 3 Concentration CHM01al 2021 2022 PDF

Name Ibonia, Kendrix N.
Date performed 10/04/2021

Course/Class Schedule BSME/ Monday Date submitted 10/05/2021
CHM01 – Chemistry for Engineers – Laboratory
EXPERIMENT NO. 3
CONCENTRATION
INTRODUCTION
A solution may be classified whether dilute or concentrated. This is qualitatively described

based on the relative amount of solute against solvent. Quite differently, a solution may
be classified as unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated. Their difference lies on the
concentration relative to the saturation value at a particular temperature.
There are several ways to express concentration. The simplest method is the percent
by mass and percent by volume in which the mass or volume of the solute is divided
by the total mass or total volume of the solution and multiplies by a hundred percent.
This is frequently used in laboratories not only in schools but also in some industries.
Molarity, which is the number of moles in a liter of the solution is equally useful in
pharmaceutical industry in particular and chemical industry in general.
Substances have different solubility in a particular solvent. Compounds which are

less soluble produce a dilute solution yet a saturated one. Conversely a compound may
produce a concentrated and at the same time saturated if it has a relatively high solubility.
OBJECTIVES
1. To understand how the concentration changes as more solute is being added.
2. To appreciate the concept of solubility and saturation in solutions.
PROCEDURE
1. Access this link as the simulator that will be used in this activity:
This study source was downloaded by 100000855362860 from CourseHero.com on 10-26-2022 01:06:58 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/138398591/Kendrix-Nilooban-Ibonia-LAB-3-Concentration-CHM01al-2021-2022pdf/
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/concentration/latest/concentration_en.ht
ml
2. Set the solvent at 0.5 L. Change the solute samples once you determined the
amount needed for the solution to be saturated. Use the concentration
detector to determine the required amount.
QUESTIONS
1. Know the saturation value of the substances used in the simulation. Which
one is the most soluble (in g/L)? Which has the highest molarity at its
saturation point? Encircle your answer in the table.
Solute Chemical Formula Saturation Value
Highest
cobalt (II) nitrate CO(NO3)2 1031.78 g/L Molarity
cobalt (II) chloride CoCl2 562.21 g/L
potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 150.04 g/L
potassium chromate K2CrO4 650.54 g/L
nickel (II) chloride NiCl2 675.216 g/L
copper (II) sulfate CuSO4 220.26 g/L
potassium permanganate KMnO4 77.85 g/L Most

Soluble
sodium chloride NaCl 359.41 g/L
2. What is the solvent temperature used for this simulation? Refer to the
Solubility curve on the last page. https://study.com/academy/lesson/solubility-
and-solubility-curves.html?fbclid=IwAR0deWL07opc0ONZM-
4GwpK31BIMOgKp1NyNr6yEBtaVPS5xJyJv9sBFhHw
It is 100 grams of a solvent at a given temperature(100°C), the line of solubility
curve represents a saturated solution or one in which the maximum quantity of
solute may be dissolved in 100 grams of water. It says that any amount of a
substance below the lines represents the unsaturated solution, and in addition
anything that over the line indicates a supersaturated solution.
APPLICATION PROBLEMS. Follow strictly the rules on Significant Figures.
1. a. Calculate the mass percentage of Na2SO4 in a solution containing 14.7 g

Na2SO4 in 345 g water.
b. An ore contains 7.35 g of silver per ton of ore. What is the concentration of
silver in ppm?
2. a. Calculate the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 0.0715 mol of
Na2SO4 in enough water to form 650 mL of solution.
b. How many moles of KMnO4 are present in 75.0 mL of a 0.0850 M
solution?
c. How many milliliters of 11.6 M HCl solution are needed to obtain 0.105
mol of HCl?
3. Ascorbic acid,
vitamin C, is a
water-soluble
vitamin. A
solution
containing 80.5
g of ascorbic
acid, C6H8O6,
dissolved in
210. g of water
has a density
of 1.22 g/mL at
55oC.
Calculate:
a. the mass
percentage of
ascorbic acid
b. the molarity
of the solution
c. the mole
fraction of
ascorbic acid
4. A certain volume a 0.500 M solution contains 4.5 g of a certain salt. What
mass of the salt is present in the same volume of a 2.50 M solution?
5. Glycerol, C3H8O3, is a substance used extensively in the manufacture of

cosmetics,
foodstuffs,
antifreeze, and
plastics. Glycerol is
a water-soluble
liquid with a density
of 1.2656 g/mL at
15oC. Calculate the
molarity of a
solution of glycerol
made by dissolving
40.000 mL glycerol
at 15oC in enough
water to make
250.00 mL of
solution.
****************************************************************************************
* Solubility Curve
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Name Ibonia, Kendrix N.

Date performed 10/04/2021

CHM01 – Chemistry for Engineers – Laboratory

A solution may be classified whether dilute or concentrated. This is qualitatively described

Substances have different solubility in a particular solvent. Compounds which are

1. To understand how the concentration changes as more solute is being added.

2. To appreciate the concept of solubility and saturation in solutions.

cobalt (II) chloride CoCl2 562.21 g/L

potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 150.04 g/L

potassium chromate K2CrO4 650.54 g/L

nickel (II) chloride NiCl2 675.216 g/L

copper (II) sulfate CuSO4 220.26 g/L

potassium permanganate KMnO4 77.85 g/L Most

sodium chloride NaCl 359.41 g/L

APPLICATION PROBLEMS. Follow strictly the rules on Significant Figures.

1. a. Calculate the mass percentage of Na2SO4 in a solution containing 14.7 g

5. Glycerol, C3H8O3, is a substance used extensively in the manufacture of

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