Grade: Year 8

Teacher: Mr. Lyanderson

Theme: Submarine
Source of Research:

https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=3327d8dac1d0b5bfJmltdHM9MTY2MzExMzYwMC
ZpZ3VpZD0zNjQwZThiYy04ZWM0LTYyMzMtMjc4My1mODdjOGY0ZDYzMDMmaW
5zaWQ9NTE4MA&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=3640e8bc-8ec4-6233-2783-
f87c8f4d6303&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvU3VibWFya
W5l&ntb=1
Title: Submarine
 Submarines were created by a german inventor called Cornellis Drebbel, he was the
first man to construct a ship that submerged, or in a simpler way sank in the water.
Submarines are types of ships that can move from the top to the bottom in water. He
is normally used for porpose military, or for scientific searches, to explore what the
human cant reach.
Most of the big submarines have a conic body, i.e., have a cylindrical hemispheric
extremities. They have a device that is called hydroplane too, he is formed by two
big wings that regulate the diving of the submarine. The submarines have a thing
called secondary propulsion, his function is for the rotary engine. He have a tail
rudder that his function is move left or right. He works with the hydroplane controling
the direction.
According to the principle of Arquimedes the buoyancy that is what what pulls the
submarine up is equal the water dislocated by the volume that the submarine
occupies. If the submarine is lighter than the volume of the water that is dislocated
by him he float, if the submarine is heavier than the volume of the water thet by he is
dislocated he will sink, but if the submarine have the same weight that the water that
by he is dislocated he will rest.
By this we can realize that the secret is in the weight of the submarine. The
submarine modifies his weight by filling or emptying the called ballast tanks that are
large reserves the envolve a big part of the submarine. When the submarine is in the
superfice the tanks are filled of air, but when they want to submerge they fill the
tanks with water. The cubic metter of water weight 800 times more than the air.
Other thing that interfers to in the buoyancy is the rudders, they control the buoyancy
of the submarine. The Titanic sink because the iceberg tore the hulland the water
flooded all the partiments of the inferior part of the boat.
The temperature of the water is very important too, because the cold water is
denser than the hot water, so the ballast tanks have to have more water to
submerge.
One curiosity is that the first brasilian submarine is called Humaitá, he was constructed in Italy and
delivered in 1929. He was the record holder in diving.