Eastern Mediterranean University

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Laboratory Work Report

Tensile Test

Course: MENG 222 – Strength of Materials

Semester: Fall 2021-2022

Instructor: Cafer Kizilors

Assistant: Rana Saleh

Submitted by: ASS’AD ABUBAKER

Student No.: 18700330

Group No.: 1

Date of Submission: 2/1/2022 , fall

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 abstract

Simply supported beams are inflexible structural components with pinned support on one end and roller
support on the other, and they shear and flex depending on the applied load. There are different sorts of
beams, including cantilever beams and simply supported beams; in this experiment, we employed simply
supported beams (steel) with varied cross-sections, including rectangular, and so on. We chose the load in
the middle of a 500 mm long beam with a width of 25.5 mm and a thickness of 0.15 mm to analyze, and the
stress and deflection of all three cross-sections were obtained and tabulated. so that bending bar apparatus
can be used to estimate the deflection in a simply supported beam.

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 table of contents

list of figures …………………………………………. 4

introduction ……………………………………………5

experimental procedure ………………………………6

calculations …………………………………………….7

discussion ………………………………………………. 9

conclusion ………………………………………………. 10

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 list of figures

figure 1 ………………….. 5
Figure 2 …..........................6

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 introduction

A beam is a horizontally positioned load-bearing element in any structure that takes load perpendicular to its
length. Shear force is applied to a beam's cross section area when a load is applied, causing the beam to
bend. The reaction of the beam to the bending moment and shear force is determined by its moment of
inertia. A beam's moment of inertia is a shape-dependent quantity that represents the beam's resistance to
bending forces. Another component that helps the beam endure bending is its modulus of elasticity. This is a
material feature of a beam that influences how much strain it creates when a load is applied to it. The
reaction of the beam against the bending moment induced by the applied load is described when the moment
of inertia of the beam and the modulus of elasticity of the beam material are combined.

Figure 1

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 Experimental Procedure

1. The applied load varies in the center of a simply supported beam, but the distance
between the applied load and the fixed end remains constant.

2. Knife edge bolts and moveable clamps secure a mid steel bar to the steel structure.

3. The load hanger is utilized to give the midsection of the beam more bulk. The beam
deflection is recorded using the digital dial.

4. Any additional weight was added without a zero correction on the digital dial.

5. The load is now increased in accordance with the assistant's recommendations, and
the beam's deflection is measured.

6. Each time, the method is repeated with new weights.

Figure 2

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Calculations and Results

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 discussion

Theoretical values are always less than experimental values, based on the preceding experimental and

theoretical computations. This is because theoretical values are determined based on idealized scenarios that

neglect many real-world factors. faulty equipment, human error, and human/machine restrictions, to name a

few. Other facts to consider include the fact that raising a beam's modulus of elasticity reduces deflection,

and similarly, increasing a beam's moment of inertia reduces deflection. Furthermore, different materials

respond differently during the experiment; however, steel was utilized in the experiment, but the dial gage

was not 100 percent precise, therefore the acquired results are not very realistic so far, resulting in a very

high percentage error as calculated.

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 conclusion

The goal of this lab project was to look into beam deflection, so four different experiments were performed
on a steel simply supported beam with a single shape. At the conclusion of this lab experiment, the rise in
modulus of elasticity can be determined. While an increase in the number of loads and a decrease in the load
reduce the beam's deflection, an increase in the size of the load and the distance of the load from the middle
increases the beam's deflection. The steel beam deflects because of its modulus of elasticity and moment of
inertia. As a result, experimental deflection values are always higher than calculated deflection values.

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