Energy and Heat Transfer Study Guide-Answer Key

Go through the 10 questions below. The answer to each will be either conduction, convection, or radiation.
__CONV___ 1. During the summer it’s cooler in the basement of your home than the upstairs.
____RAD__ 2. You sit in front of a fireplace and feel the warmth coming from it.
__COND__ 3. Your feet burn when you walk barefoot on a black road on a hot summer day.
___RAD___ 4. The reason why the black top is hot in the first place.
__COND___ 5. The handle of metal spatula gets hot while sitting in a hot skillet.
___COND___ 6. Eric the cat heats himself on a cold winter day by sitting on the hood of a warm engine.
___CONV___ 7. The best place to put a heater is at floor level.
___CONV___ 8. The red alcohol in a thermometer rises when the bulb of it is put in boiling water.
__RAD____ 9. Sunlight is absorbed by the Earth after it has made a 100,000,000 mile journey through space.
___COND___ 10. Packing cans of soda in a cooler full of ice will cause them to become very cold.

11. What is heat transfer? THE MOVEMENT OF HEAT FROM WARMER TO COOLER

12. Define the 3 Types of Heat Transfer and give an example of each type:

CONDUCTION-TOUCHING A HOT IRON

CONVECTION-WARM AIR GOING TO THE CEILING

RADIATION-LIGHT FROM A LAMP KEEPING FOOD WARM

13. What is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object called?

TEMPERATURE

14. Where does the energy in fossil fuels originally come from?

SUN

15. Describe the relationship between the mass of an object and the amount of thermal energy an object has. 

AS MASS INCREASES, THERMAL ENERGY INCREASES

16. Explain the difference between conductor and insulators. Give at least 3 examples of each.

CONDUCTOR-ALLOWS THERMAL ENERGY TO PASS THROUGH IT EASILY (COPPER,

GOLD, IRON)

INSULATOR-RESISTS THERMAL ENRGY GOING THROUGH IT (WOOD, RUBBER, AIR)

17. Define Thermal energy

THE ENERGY OF AN OBJECT DUE TO THE KINETIC ENERGY OF ITS MOLECULES (HEAT)

18. Draw the beaker from the colored ice cube lab and fully explain what happened and why.

MELTWATER SANK BECAUSE IT IS COLDER AND MORE DENSE THAN THE OTHER WATER. AFTER
MELTING IS DONE, THE WATER IS WARMER AT THE TOP AND COOLER AT THE BOTTOM BECAUSE WARM IS
LESS DENSE AND IT RISES. THIS IS CALLED A CONVECTION CURRENT.

19. What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?

A. Temperature is the average kinetic energy while thermal energy is the average potential energy
B. Temperature is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy while thermal energy in the average kinetic energy
C. Temperature is the average potential energy while Thermal energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential
energy
D. Temperature is the average kinetic energy while thermal energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy

24. How does the average velocity of molecules in a high-temperature gas compare to the average velocity of
molecules of the same gas with a lower temperature?
A. It is lower
B. It is higher
C. They are the same
D. It can't be determined until we know the mass of each

25. _THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM__ occurs when 2 objects are in contact and have the same temperature.

26. Explain the 2 heat transfers during the astronaut suit experiment.

RADIATION FROM THE LIGHT TO THE OUTER LAYER OF THE SUIT.

CONDUCTION FROM THE OUTER LAYER OF THE SUIT TO THE WATER IN THE BOTTLE.

***Graph answers***

C Wood #1 & #2 104/116 Copper/Plastic A/C