ASSIGNMENT 1

Tala Malkawi | 201910228

2002-2004 CYCLE

I chose this cycle because I wanted to know how to build a temporary

shelter in a cheap way that allows buildings to be quickly erected.

Chose the second case to read about how to design a beautiful unique
house in a village yes it still harmonizes with the context.

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 SANDBAG SHELTERS

G E N E R A L I N F O R M AT I O N
Award Cycle: 2002-2004 Cycle
Status: Award Recipient
Country of origin: Iran
Location: Ahwaz, Iran
Client: UNDP/UNHCR Tehran
Architect: Cal-Earth Institute, Nader Khalili
Size: 2'200 m²
Completed: 1995
Architect Nader Khalili started his career as a modernist and achieved success building conventional
high -rises. But in 1975 he closed his offices in Los Angeles and Tehran and set out alone by
motorcycle into the deserts of his native Iran, convinced that the only way the world poor could ever
afford homes was to build with ear th and fire. He dedicated his time to resear ching traditional
vernacular mud construction in Iran and began t o work on ideas for using the earth as a modern
building material. As well as developing a concept for a ‘Ceramic House’ constructed from sun-dried
mud and then fired, Khalili also developed ‘Superadobe’ – a structure made from sandbags secured
with barbed wire. The basic construction technique involves filling sandbags with earth and laying
them in courses in a circular plan. The circular cour ses are corbelled near the top to form a dome.
Barbed wire is laid between courses to prevent the sandbags from shifting and t o pr ovide earthquake
resistance . Hence t h e materials of war – sandbags and barbed wire – are used for peaceful ends,
integrating traditional earth architecture with contemporary global safety requirements. Using this
technology, several design prototypes of domes and vaults were built and tested, including emergency
shelters for refugees and the homeless, a sustainable small house called ‘Eco-Dome’, and a
8/03/20XX conventionally planned four-bedroom home using a three-vault design concept. 3
PLAN AND ELEVATIONS

This is an example of a small house (34 sq. m.) with five rooms formed by a dome
with four large apses. The temporary shelter can be upgraded into permanent
housing, as seen below.
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Th e s y s t e m i s p a rt i c u l a r l y s u i t a b l e f o r p ro v i d i n g t e m p o ra r y s h e l t e r b e c a u s e i t i s c h ea p
a n d a l l o w s b u i l d i n g s t o b e q u i c k l y e re c t e d b y h a n d b y t h e o c c u p a n t s t h e m s e l v e s w i t h a
m i n i m u m o f t ra i n i n g . K h a l i l i f o u n d i n s p i rat i o n f o r t h e t e c h n o l o g y a n d d e s i g n o f t h e
s t r u c t u re s i n t h e p r i n c i p l e s o f i ra n i a n a rc h i t e c t u re a n d s u f i p h i l o s o p h y : t h e u n i t y o f t h e
e l e m e n t s o f e a rt h , w at e r, a i r a n d f i re ; h a r n e s s i n g s u s t a i n a b l e e n e rg y – s u n , s h a d e , g ra v i t y ;
g e o m e t r y a n d s y m m e t r y ; a n d t h e u n i t y o f t e n s i o n a n d c o m p re s s i o n . E a c h s h e l t e r
comprises one major domed space with some ancillary spaces for cooking and sanitary
s e r v i c e s . Th e s y s t e m i s e x t re m e l y f l e x i b l e . Th e e a rt h e n m a t e r i a l s o f c l a y a n d s a n d w i t h
s t ra w a n d w at e r t h at h a v e b e e n u s e d t o m a ke t ra d i t i o n a l s u n - d r i e d m u d b r i c ks f o r
m i l l e n n i a a re n o t a l w a y s a v a i l a b l e , n o r d o t h o s e m o s t i n n e e d o f a h o m e h a v e t h e t i m e t o
m a ke b l o c k s , d r y t h e m a n d s t o re t h e m . 5
By filling bags directly from the land and reinforcing them with barbed wire, almost any earth can
b e u s e d a n d t h e s p e e d o f b u i l d i n g i s m u c h f a s t e r. T h e s t r u c t u r e s c a n b e t e m p o r a r y, o r t h e y c a n
be made permanent by adding a layer of mud daub or other finishing. Incremental additions such
as ovens and animal shelters can also be made to provide a more permanent status and the
accommodation can be tailored to individual needs. The technology can also be used for both
buildings and infrastructure such as roads, kerbs, retaining walls and landscaping elements. The
system employs the timeless forms of arches, domes and vaults to create single and double-
curvature shell structures that are both strong and aesthetically pleasing. While these load-
bearing or compression forms refer to the ancient mudbrick architecture of the middle east, the
use of barbed wire as a tensile element alludes to the portable tensile structures of nomadic
cultures. The result is an extremely safe structure. The addition of barbed wire to the
compression structures creates earthquake resistance; the aerodynamic form resists hurricanes ;
the use of sandbags aids flood resistance ; and the earth itself provides insulation and
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fireproofing.
B2 HOUSE
Award Cycle: 2002-2004 Cycle
Status: Award Recipient
Country of origin: Turkey
Location: Canakkale, Turkey
Client: Selman and Suha Bilal
Architect: Han T•
ü mertekin
Size: 400 m²
Completed: 2001

Two brothers chose the small village of Büykhüsun, on the coast of

the Aegean Sea, to build their second residence, a house in which to
spend weekends and holidays. The site, within a tightly knit farming
community of no more than 500 inhabitants, is not too far from
Istanbul, where the owners habitually live. Just outside the southeast
boundary of the village and at a certain distance from the last line of
houses, all of the traditional styles, they found a plot with views onto
the sea where they have built a bold prism whose sense of harmony
and well-being, as well as its integration in the landscape and local
history – as commended by the jury –, have earned it a 2004 Aga Khan
Architecture Award.

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8
 THE SITE
The site had a seven-meter drop from north to south, and following the local terracing practice, the plot is divided
into two plateaus with a 1,3-meter difference between them. This unevenness generates two platforms, a rectangular
one upon which the dwelling sits and a smaller triangular terrace to the rear of the house, used as a garden.

Like the neighboring constructions, the house is embedded in the slope by way of walls containing the terraces;
however, in contrast to the local houses, this volume – a parallelepiped of stone and concrete – rests on one of the
walls, like a sculpture on a pedestal. The house can be seen from the path that surrounds the estate as a freestanding
piece overlooking the wall to capture the views. The garden, the terrace, the exterior stair and the wall anchor the
building to its rural context.

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 The owners sought to control the scale of the house to cut down construction costs and obtain a low -maintenance
home, so the program is fairly simple. The ground floor contains the living area, and the upper floor has two
bedrooms separated by a dressing room, and both levels are connected by an external stair. The north façade
comprises the service areas – two bathrooms, a laundry room, pantry, kitchenette, and fireplace –, tucked in a 1,2-
meter-deep utility wall, hence the living spaces and bedrooms may open up to the landscape free of obstacles. The
south front is a single window protected by folding wood shutters.

The structure of the house is earthquake -resistant and has been carried out with local materials and technology. The
east and west facades define a tripartite composition consisting of two load -bearing concrete walls which frame a
stone wall. This organization continues on the roof, where the stones are not fixed
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 INTERIOR SHOTS

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2017-2019 CYCLE

I chose it because I liked the used material in the design. Especially since
the result was so interesting.

I chose the last case because of the harmonical final look of the project
with the site and the way it was so related to the nature and earth.

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AM RESIDENCE
Award Cycle: 2017-2019 Cycle
Status: Shortlisted
Country of origin: Indonesia
Location: Jakarta, Indonesia
Client: Andra Matin and Ditee Matin, Jakarta, Indonesia
Architect: Andramatin Architect, Jakarta, Indonesia
Design: 2007-2012
Size: 378 m²
Completed: 2012

The AM Residence stands in a modest neighborhood where the

vegetation are lavish. There is a strong relationship between the inside
of the house and its outside, with the means of bringing nature closer
to the residents. The majority of the building is made out of concrete
with an exposed finish, and reclaimed ironwood to reduce
maintenance. The building’s palette of materials also reinforces the
natural prospect of the building, as an architecture object in relation
to its natural surrounding.

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 INTERIOR SHOTS

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 DESIGN

Designed for the architect, the house is characterized by a sense of warmth, simple space programming, and
consideration for its wooded suburban context. Its design is inspired by Indonesian vernacular stilt houses, which
favor natural ventilation. The ground floor, which is partially excavated down to street level, incorporates a giant
pool, library, and services. The entrance ramp continues up to the open -plan first-floor communal area, with its long
wooden table and pool, and to the bedrooms above. There is also an internal spiral staircase. The materials are
exposed concrete and reused ironwood from the docks. Walls are minimized and windows are kept simple for a
seamless interior-to-exterior relationship. Grass and water landscaping elements create a calmer, cooler atmosphere.

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 D E S I G N E D F O R T H E A R C H I T E C T, T H E H O U S E I S C H A R A C T E R I Z E D B Y A
S E N S E O F W A R M T H , S I M P L E S PA C E P R O G R A M M I N G , A N D C O N S I D E R AT I O N
F O R I T S W O O D E D S U B U R B A N C O N T E X T. I T S D E S I G N I S I N S P I R E D B Y
I N D O N E S I A N V E R N A C U L A R S T I LT H O U S E S , W H I C H F A V O R N A T U R A L
V E N T I L A T I O N . T H E G R O U N D F L O O R , W H I C H I S P A R T I A L LY E X C A V A T E D
D O W N T O S T R E E T L E V E L , I N C O R P O R A T E S A G I A N T P O O L , L I B R A R Y, A N D
SERVICES. THE ENTRANCE RAMP CONTINUES UP TO THE OPEN -PLAN
F I R S T- F L O O R C O M M U N A L A R E A , W I T H I T S L O N G W O O D E N T A B L E A N D
POOL, AND TO THE BEDROOMS ABOVE. THERE IS ALSO AN INTERNAL
S P I R A L S TA I R C A S E . T H E M AT E R I A L S A R E E X P O S E D C O N C R E T E A N D
REUSED IRONWOOD FROM THE DOCKS. WALLS ARE MINIMIZED AND
W I N D O W S A R E K E P T S I M P L E F O R A S E A M L E S S I N T E R I O R -T O - E X T E R I O R
R E L A T I O N S H I P. G R A S S A N D W A T E R L A N D S C A P I N G E L E M E N T S C R E A T E A
C A L M E R , C O O L E R AT M O S P H E R E .
PLAN

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FRIENDSHIP CENTRE
Award Cycle: 2014-2016 Cycle
Status: Award Recipient
Country of origin: Bangladesh
Location: Gaibandha, Bangladesh
Client: Friendship NGO
Architect: Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury/Urbana
Design: 2008-2010
Size: Site area: 9'210 m2; Built area: 2’897 m2
Completed: 2011

A rural training center inspired by one of the country’s oldest urban

archaeological sites. The Centre was created to train staff of an NGO
working with people inhabiting nearby chars, or riverine islands.
Offices, a library, meeting rooms, and prayer and tea rooms are
included in pavilion-like buildings surrounded by courts and pools.
The Centre is also rented out for meetings, training, and conferences
for income generation. The local hand-made brick construction has
been inspired by the monastic aesthetic of the 3 rd -century BC ruins of
Mahasthangahr, the earliest urban archaeological site yet found in
Bangladesh.

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The low lying land, which is located in rural
Gaibandha where agriculture is predominant, is
under threat of flooding if the embankment
encircling the town and peripheries break.

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An extensive program with a very limited fund meant that
raising the structures above flood level (a height of eight
feet) was not an option: nearly the entire available fund
would be lost below grade. Being in an earthquake zone and
the low bearing capacity of the silty soil added further
complications. The third and final design relies on a
surrounding embankment for flood protection while building
directly on existing soil, in load bearing masonry. Rainwater
and surface run-off are collected in internal pools and the
excess is pumped to an excavated pond, also to be used for
fishery. The design relies on natural ventilation and cooling,
being facilitated by courtyards and pools and the earth
covering on roofs. An extensive network of septic tanks and
soak wells ensure the sewage does not mix with flood water.

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As in construction, so in conception - the complex of the centre rise and exist as echo of ruins, alive with
the memory of the remains of Mahasthan (3rd century BC), some sixty kilometers away. Constructed and
finished primarily of one material - local hand- made bricks - the spaces arc woven out of pavilions,
courtyards, pools and greens; corridors and shadows. Simplicity is the intent, monastic is the feel.

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3D MODEL

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PLANS

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Tala Malkawi | 201910228

8/03/20XX PITCH DECK 24