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Unit 4: Heat, Work and Energy
Unit 4: Heat, Work and Energy
MODULE 3:
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LET’S PLAY A GAME
WHAT IS THIS?
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HEAT (Q)
HEAT is the energy transferred from
one object to another due to their
temperature difference.
Where:
Q = Heat in Joule, Calorie
m = mass in grams
c = specific heat capacity, J/g-⁰C
∆T = Change in Temperature
1 cal = 4.184 Joule 5
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WORK (W)
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
HEAT AND WORK
SYSTEM-SURROUNDINGS
INTERNAL ENERGY
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FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Conservation of Energy
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SYSTEM-SURROUNDINGS
DIAGRAM
UNIVERS
WE< 0 W >0
(-) (+)
SYSTEM
BOUNDARY
Q<0 SURROUNDINGS
(-) Q>0
(+)12
TERMS ON THE SUR-SYS
DIAGRAM
• Universe – the observable, physical world.
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REMEMBER !!!
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FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
(∆U)
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∆U = Q - W
EXAMPLE
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UNITS OF HEAT & WORK
• Joule or KiloJoule
• Calorie or Kilocalorie
• BTU
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EXPLANATION TO THE GIVEN
EXAMPLE
• Heat (Q) is added to the system, therefore the system absorbs heat
causing expansion within the system. (Q is positive)
• Work (W) it expands while it is being heated. (W is negative)
• ∆U, the change in Internal Energy, if the heat added is 30kJ, and
the Work done by the system is 15kJ, therefore, ∆U is 45kJ.
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APPLICATION OF THE1ST LAW OF
THERMODYNAMICS
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APPLICATION
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EVALUATION
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EVALUATION
B. Problem Solving
• A system releases 125 kJ of heat while 104 kJ of
work is done on the system. Calculate the change in
internal energy (in kJ). (2pts)
• Calculate w for a system that absorbs 260 kJ of
heat and for which ∆U= 157 kJ. Is the work done on
or by the system? Does the system expand or
contract? (4pts)
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ANSWER
1. ∆U = -21kJ
2. W = 103 kJ,
work done on
the system
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DO NOT FORGET...
• Prepare the following materials for
tomorrow’s activity.
1. Water
2. Beaker
3. Tripod
4. Burner/alcohol lamp
5. Match
• Read about Thermodynamic Engines
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WORDS TO LIVE BY….
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