FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

UiTM Cawangan Johor, Kampus Pasir Gudang

Jalan Purnama, Bandar Seri Alam
81750 Masai
Johor Darul Ta’zim
Tel : 607-3818000

TECHNICAL/EXECUTIVE REPORT : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Lab No. : 1 Module : Organic and Analytical Chemistry

Lab Title : Reactions of alkane, alkene and cycloalkane Mark :

Date :
Participant Course : Semester : 2 Group: 3
*Please cancel which is not No. Name Matrix No. Signature
necessary.
1 MUHAMMAD FAHIM BIN HAMSANI 2021861578
MUHAMMAD ALIF DAIIMUN BIN
2 2021800876
ZULKARNAIN
3 NUR AQILAH BINTI IBRAHIM 2021877878
4 NUR JANNAH BINTI MOHD ZAN 2021479068
Instructor 1. MADAM NURUL HAZWANI BINTI HANIB
2. MADAM SHARIFAH SAKINAH BINTI ABDULLAH

Objective :
1) to identify physical and chemical properties of alkane, alkene and cycloalkane through combustion, solubility
and reaction analysis.
2) to identify an unknown hydrocarbon family through combustion, solubility, and reaction analysis.

part A : combustion of hydrocarbons

Data/Result
Presentatio compound observation balanced equation
n (graph or heptane Burn brightly with no soot C7H16+11O2 7CO2+8H20
table)
1-hexene Burn brightly with less soot C6H12+9O2 6CO2+6H2O

toluene Burn brightly with more soot C7H8+9O2 → 7CO2 + 4H20

cyclohexane Burn brightly with no soot C6H12 + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

cyclohexene Burn brightly with soot less 17

C6H10 + O2 → 6CO2 + 5H2O
than toluene 2
 Unknown Burn brightly with soot same CnH2n+n → O2 + H2O
(alkene) with cyclohexene

PART B : SOLUBILITY OF HYDROCARBONS

COMPOUND  SOLUBILITY IN WATER SOLUBILITY IN CYCLOHEXANE

MISCIBLE OR RELATIVE MISCIBLE OR RELATIVE

IMMISCIBLE DENSITY IMMISCIBLE DENSITY

HEPTANE - Less than + Less than

water cyclohexane
1-HEXENE - Less than + Less than
water cyclohexane
TOLUENE - Less than + Higher than
water cyclohexane
CYCLOHEX - Less than + same
ANE water
CYCLOHEX - Less than + Higher than
ENE water cyclohexane
UNKNOWN - Less than + Less than
(alkane) water cyclohexane

part c : reactions of alkenes

COMPOUND  REACTION WITH Br2 REACTION WITH KMnO4

(bromination) (oxidation)

HEPTANE no change (no reaction) no change (no reaction)

1-HEXENE from brown to colourless from purple to dark brown (reacted)

 (reacted)

TOLUENE brown to yellowish (partially reacted) dark purple to light purple (reacted)

CYCLOHEX no change (no reaction) no change (no reaction)

ANE

CYCLOHEX brown to colourless (reacted) purple to light brown (reacted)

ENE

UNKNOWN no change (no reaction) no change (no reaction)

(alkane)
Analysis of
Result: 1. describe the solubility of hydrocarbon in a polar solvent (water) and non-polar solvent
(cyclohexane)
Hydrocarbon can’t dissolve in water but can dissolve in cyclohexane. This is because
hydrocarbon is a non-polar chemical and can only dissolve in a non-polar solvent.

2. what conclusion can you made regarding the polarity of hydrocarbon.

Hydrocarbon is a non-polar chemical.

3. Why the reaction occurs or not occur?

In part A, reaction happened because there are 3 elements for a combustion happened,
produce. There are oxygen, heat and fuel which is hydrocarbon who come as fuel.
In part C, alkanes did not react with bromine water and potassium permanganate because
alkane is a saturated hydrocarbon and cannot goes through addition process. Meanwhile,
alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon and can goes through addition process. From this
part of experiment, we know that the unknown hydrocarbon is an alkane.

Conclusion:
We can conclude that unknown is alkane. In another observation, we can conclude that
hydrocarbons not soluble in water but soluble in cyclohexane. Alkane does not react with bromine
water and potassium permanganate, but alkene react with bromine water and potassium
permanganate. Alkane generally produced no soot in combustion, but alkene produced soot in
combustion.