GEN CHEM MODULE 2 ANSWER

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1. Answer PRACTICE EXERCISES 3.1 page 58

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I have learned the different types of energy and also work I have learned the different formula used
to get each reactions.

Week 12

 Classify each of the following as an open system, a closed system, or an isolated system.

Milk kept in a closed thermo flask. An isolated

system
A student reading in her dorm An open system
room.

Air inside a tennis ball A closed system

1. Answer PRACTICE EXERCISES 3.2 page 60. 

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2. Problem-solving.
a. A gas expands from 264 mL to 971 mL at constant temperature. Calculate the work
done (in joules) by the gas if it expands (a) against a vacuum and (b) against a
constant pressure of 4.00 atm.

b. A gas expands and does P - V work on the surroundings equal to 279 J. At the same time, it
absorbs 216 J of heat from the surroundings. What is the change in energy of the system?

I have learned the first law of thermodynamics and the function of it I also learned that formula for
the first law.

WEEK 13

 Two ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure are placed in two equal volume
containers. One container has a fixed volume, while the other is a cylinder fitted with a
weightless movable piston like that shown in figure. Initially, the gas pressures are equal to the
 external atmospheric pressure. The gases are then heated with a Bunsen burner. What are the
signs of q and w for the gases under these conditions?

Matter
It can be anything but should occupy space and have mass. Conversion of matter from one of
its state, solid or liquid or gas, to the other of same composition is possible.
For example, 500 g of ice at  can melt to 500 g of water at . Heating the water at
to  will convert 500 g of water to 500 g of water vapor at .
Mass
The amount of matter present in an object is defined as mass. Its value is independent of the
location and is thus constant.
Units for mass are grams or kilograms
Weight
The force exerted on an object by gravity is defined as weight. Its value varies with change in
location.
The relation between weight and mass of an object is given by following equation:

Here, g  is acceleration due to gravity and m is mass of the object.

Substance
A matter with definite or regular composition and well-defined properties is known as a
substance. The composition varies from one substance to another. To identify the substances
observe the smell, taste, and physical properties.
Some examples of substances are gold, carbon dioxide.
Mixture
Two or more substances that hold their distinctive characteristics combine to form a mixture.
They do not have constant composition. For example fruit juice and sand.
Mixtures can be homogenous, which have uniform composition throughout the sample, or
heterogeneous, which have non-uniform composition throughout the sample.
For example any drop of milk (homogenous) has the same taste whereas each sample of sand
has different proportions of its constituents.

1. Answer PRACTICE EXERCISES 3.3 page 63.

. 2. Problem-solving.
a. An iron bar of mass 869 g cools from 94°C to 5°C. Calculate the heat released (in
kilojoules) by the metal.
b. A quantity of 1.922 g of methanol (CH OH) was burned in a constant-volume bomb
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calorimeter. Consequently, the temperature of the water rose by 4.20°C. If the heat
capacity of the bomb plus water was 10.4 kJ/°C, calculate the molar heat of
combustion of methanol.
c. A 30.14-g stainless steel ball bearing at 117.82°C is placed in a constant-pressure
calorimeter containing 120.0 mL of water at 18.44°C. If the specific heat of the ball
bearing is 0.474 J/g. °C, calculate the final temperature of the water. Assume the
calorimeter to have negligible heat capacity.
I have learned calorimetry and I have learned again its function and its formula and how to solve for
it.

WEEK 14

 A 1-g sample of Al and a 1-g sample of Fe are heated from 40°C to 100°C. Which metal has
absorbed a greater amount of heat?

1. Answer PRACTICE EXERCISES 3.4 page 68. 

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2. Problem-solving.
a. Calculate the heat evolved when 266 g of white phosphorus (P ) burns in air according
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to the equation: 
P (s) + 5O (g) → P O (s)             ∆H =-3013 kJ/mol
4 2 4 10
b. What is ∆E for the formation of 1 mole of CO at 1 atm and 25°C? 
C(graphite) + ½ O2(g) → CO(g)     ∆H = -110.5 kJ/mol
I HAVE LEARNED Enthalpy of a Chemical Reaction: Thermochemical Equations this help us to
demonstrate the mass correlations as well as the enthalpy changes the difference between
the products' and reactants' enthalpies.