1

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Artificial farming that uses minimal space are being perfected such as

indoor farming implemented with hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics and

those that utilizes artificial lights to provide plants with the nutrients and light

levels required for growth of plants (Kurt Kende et al. 2017).

Light is used in the production of complex organic compounds to help the

plant grow. Light-emitting diodes represent a promising technology for the

agriculture industry that has technical advantages over traditional lightning

sources. The fast technological progress of LEDs due to their extensive usage

for other industrial applications provides various advancements (C Gomez et al.,

2012).

Plants require light not only as a source of energy, but also as a source of

nutrition. A morphological signal is a key signal that plays a major part in plant

growth, including the production of cell molecules and gene expression, during

the duration of a plant's growth. Each light spectrum has a unique color and has

exclusive influence on plants on specific gene expressions, resulting in a variety

of different effects. Plants use visible light's distinct colors to govern different

parts of their growth. Different wavelengths of light can cause or prevent plant

development and flowering. (H. Thelier et al., 2016). Plant responses to the light

in which they are grown have a complex impact on their growth and
 2

development. The transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is influenced

by both light and temperature (M. Olle et al., 2003).

Pechay is a plant that belongs to the family brassica and has been a

traditional food of the Filipinos and is a crop that is in demand not only in the

Philippine markets but even in other countries (NC Altoveros et. al, 2007).

Further, it also contains fiber that is good for the digestive system, maintains

healthy blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and keeps the blood pressure in

check (J. Renee, 2018).

There have been several research studies on the effects of light emitting

diodes (LEDs) on plant growth. However, none of these studies looked at

pechay’s growth.

Hence, the researchers investigated the effects of colored light emitting

diodes to pechay’s growth.

Statement of the Problem

The study was conducted to determine the different effects of using three

different types of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), such as red, blue, and green with

continuous watering and natural light only with continuous watering, on the

morphology of the pechay. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the average growth of pechay under control group and

experimental groups in terms of:

a) Height;
 3

b) Number of leaves; and

c) Weight.

2. Are there significant differences between the growth of control group and

experimental in terms of:

a) Height;

b) Number of leaves; and

c) Weight.

Significance of the Study

The research analyses did not only benefit researchers in identifying

current agricultural studies but also recommended areas for future research as

well as some guidelines for the research's nature. It may also benefit farmers by

increasing farmland productivity and harvest; agriculturalists by providing

additional knowledge on artificial farming methods; and, the Department of

Agriculture by providing the best planting adjustment strategies. Other findings

may also serve as a guide to how light can be used to improve agricultural

production.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

Pechay has an advantage in its planting time and a wide surface area of

leaves that are easy to observe when it comes to its growth. Considering the fact

that the germination, leaf formation, budding, flowering, and seed development

can be observed in a few weeks rather than months by providing ideal (albeit

unnatural) conditions of perfect nutrition and continuous light.

 4

The study is only limited to the pechay's growth performance under the

three different colors of light emitting diodes (LEDs) with continuous watering (5

mL) and the experimentation was undergo within 30 days only; the data was

collected every six (6) days in a month. The study was also aimed to determine

the effects of pechay's growth exposed to different LEDs based only on the

following parameters: height, number of leaves, and total weight of the plant.
 5

Definition of Terms

In order to fully understand this study, the following terms are defined

operationally:

Artificial farming - natural farming method is used in the study to determine the

significance difference between the LED treatment and natural light treatment.

Effects – refers to the results of different effects of LED on pechay’s growth in

terms of their height, weight, and number of leaves.

Growth - a physical change that causes the pechay to increase in size.

Height of the Pechay – refers to the pechay's height from stem to leaves.

Light Emitting Diodes -a semiconductor light source that emits light when

current flows through it, that is used as an alternative to sunlight for the study.

Number of Leaves – refers to the total number of leaves on the pechay plant.

Pechay - is a vegetable plant in the mustard family that has been the subject of

this study.

Weight – the total mass of the pechay after harvesting.

 6

Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Studies

Growth of Pechay

Pechay (Brassica rapa L. cv group Pak Choi) is a biennial plant that is

grown as an annual and grows to be around 15-30 cm tall in the vegetative

stage. Ovate leaves are spirally organized and spread out. The petioles enlarge

and form a subcylindrical bundle as they grow erect. A raceme of pale-yellow

flowers forms the inflorescence. Seeds are reddish to blackish brown in hue and

1 mm in diameter. Pechay has several soft, thin, light green ovate leaves that

range in size from broad to rectangular. These are spirally arranged and spread

out. It's a leafy green vegetable high in calcium and other minerals (Gonzales et

al., 2015). A study conducted using different levels of compost fertilizer, the

control group, or using pure garden soil shows that the number of leaves of a

harvested mature pechay plant has a mean of 5.17 and a mean of 12.93 grams

in terms of its weight (Gonzales et al., 2015).

In the Philippines, pechay is a highly valued and highly requested leaf

vegetable. The purpose of these experiments was to establish the optimal

method for cultivation. When it comes to leafy vegetables that don't take long to

grow, seedling care is very important because it takes up more than half of the

total production time. pechay seedlings, including direct sowing, seed box, and

seedling tray, under two farming systems in Bohol, Leyte, and Samar provinces
 7

of the southern Philippines. Studies were undertaken in each province, and the

resulting data was compiled. Protected cultivation has a marginally positive effect

on plant survival, root properties, and yield, except in Bohol, where plants grown

beneath a protective structure produce three times as much as those grown in an

open field. Utilizing seedling trays increased survival and production. As

evidenced by low survival and production in Bohol and Leyte, the unfavorable

approach was seed box, while in Samar it was direct sowing. Leyte generated

the largest production of pechay per unit area among the three southern

provinces of the Philippines. This shows that a comparable strategy of seedling

cultivation was ineffective in other regions of the southern Philippines. (Gonzaga

et al., 2017).

Effects of Light Emitting Diodes to Plants

One of the first studies done dealing with LEDs, or Light Emitting Diodes,

as a light source for plants was by the researchers at the University of Wisconsin.

It was reported that growth of lettuce plants under red LEDs supplemented with

blue fluorescent (BF) lamps was equivalent to that under cool-white fluorescent

lamps (Gomez C, 2008). A study showed that hypocotyls and cotyledons of

lettuce seedlings under red (660nm) LEDs became elongated, but that effect

could be prevented by adding at least 15% of blue light. These findings inspired

continued development of LED lighting systems for small plant growth chambers

that flew several times aboard NASA’s Space Shuttle (Barta et al., 1992) and

which were used to grow wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), potato (Solanum

tuberosum L.) leaf cuttings (Croxdale et al., 1997), Arabidopsis thaliana

 8

(Stankovic et al., 2002), and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr] (Zhou, 2002). The

potential of LED’s for terrestrial plant research continued to build, in which

comparisons of red LED and xenon-arc-illuminated kudzu [Pueraria lobata (Willd)

Ohwi] leaves showed slight differences in stomatal conductance but similar

photosynthetic responses to photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (Tennessen et al.,

1994).

According to T. Yanagi et al. (1996), a comparison of photosynthetic rates

of strawberry (Fragaria xananassa L.) leaves with red (660nm) LED’s, red LED’s

plus BF, red LED’s plus far-red (FR, 735nm) LED’s, and metal halide (HM) lamps

indicated similar phytochrome photo stationary states but significantly higher

levels of long-wave radiation from the MH lamps, indicating the thermal

advantages of using LEDs in plant growth systems. More recent studies have

shown that rice plants grown under a combination of red (660nm) and blue

(470nm) LEDs sustained higher leaf photosynthetic rates than leaves from plants

grown under red LEDs only, because it is attributed that blue light has higher

nitrogen content than the blue light-supplemented plants (Matsuda et al., 2008).

Schuerger et al. (1997) investigated alterations in pepper leaf architecture

when exposed to various color combinations of light. They compared red (660

nm) LEDs with FR (735 nm) LEDs or BF lamps to metal halide (MH) controls with

the same PPF. Their findings suggested that leaf thickness and chloroplast

quantity per cell were far more dependent on the amount of blue light than on the

red: FR ratio. Without added blue, treatments had the smallest leaf cross-
 9

sectional area, red + 1% BF had an intermediate response, and MH controls (at

20% blue) had the maximum leaf thickness and chloroplasts.

According to A. Amoozgar, A. Mohammadi, and M. R. Sabzalian (2017),

the impact of various LED light qualities, including 100% red, 100% blue, 70%

red plus 30% blue, and 100% white, on the photosynthesis, and phytochemical

content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. "Grizzly") in comparison to the normal

method of planting. It was stated that fresh mass per plant was crucially higher

when it was grown under 100% blue and 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to

the other environments, including greenhouse conditions and the normal method

of planting. Phytochemical concentrations were also significantly affected by the

light treatments while chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations increased in the

plants grown under 70% red and 30% blue LEDs compared to those grown in the

greenhouse. Plants that are exposed to LED lighting had higher photosynthesis

and a higher maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry. The application of

LED light resulted in higher concentrations of macro and micronutrients in lettuce

due to the direct effect of LED light and lower stress conditions in the growth

chambers compared to the greenhouse. Although the mechanism of the changes

in lettuce produced under LED light is not fully known, the findings of the study

revealed that LED light might be used to improve the development of lettuce in

indoor plant production facilities.

According to Ausra Brazaityte et al., (2010) the evaluated growth of

tomato transplants, cultivated under various combinations of light-emitting diodes

and high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. The tomato hybrid ‘Raissa F1’
 10

transplants were grown under the phytotron chambers with 23-degree C Day/night,

and 14 h photoperiod was maintained till the germination. Supplemental LEDs of

different wave-length were used in particular modules: L1- without supplemental

LEDs, L2- 380nm, L3: 520nm, L4- 595nm, L5- 622nm. As a result, such LEDs

lights can be used in modules for tomato transplant cultivation, which is critical

for their quality. The growth of tomato transplants was not aided by additional

orange (622 nm), yellow (595 nm), or green (520) light. In the later stages of

tomato transplant growth, the favorable effect of additional UV and the negative

effect of orange, yellow.

Wavelength

The effect of wavelength on stomatal opening has recently been

investigated throughout a spectrum of wavelengths. Blue and red light are more

effective than green light in general (Ketellapper). The spectral dependence of

stonmatal opening resembles the action spectrum of photosynthesis in leaves

and the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll, according to most authors.

Interference filters were employed by Karve. In blue light (439 m, uf), he

noticed a considerable stimulation of opening and a smaller one in red light (680

m, ur). Green (560 m, uf) and yellow (580m, uf) had substantially smaller

responses. Zelitch used a high-power spectrograph to make some first findings

on the stomatal opening movement in tobacco leaf discs. In comparison to

interference filters, this equipment allows for a far more extensive inspection. In

red and blue light, the stomata opened, whereas in green light, they stayed

closed.
 11

Related Literature

Effective strategies for the growth and morphological development of

plants, particularly those cultivated in a soilless environment and in closed and

controlled structures illuminated by LEDs, have been developed in recent years

(Urrestarazu et al., 2019). This agricultural advancement may benefit the

lowering of nitrate levels in plants that accumulate the most nitrate and, more

importantly, in plants that are consumed the most globally. While some research

has been conducted on the relationship between the nitrate content of leaves

and the quality of fluorescent lamps (e.g., Ohashi et al., 2007; Seifu, 2017), and

on the decrease of nitrate reductase in produce grown in the dark (Riens and

Walter, 1992), relatively few studies have been conducted on the quality of LED

spectra as a beneficial tool for safer food (Lin et al, 2021).

LED systems can provide diverse light spectra for horticultural output. To

increase the absorption of photosynthetic pigments, a mixture of red and blue

light is typically utilized. Numerous studies have established the beneficial impact

of extra blue photons on plant growth. Combination red/blue light was

advantageous for building biomass in the production of leafy plants such as

lettuce, radish, and spinach (Yorio et al., 2001). In fruit production, Samouliene et

al., (2010) using more blue light led in larger strawberries with more sugar

content, whereas using only red light prevented flowering. In greenhouse

 12

production, Kaiser et al., (2019) said that the increase in blue light percentage to

an optimum, the tomato with varied ratios of blue light (0, 6, 12, and 24 percent,

coupled with red light) with sunshine as the background, which resulted in an

increase in total biomass and fruit number (12 percent). Although the importance

of blue light is widely acknowledged, the appropriate red/blue ratio varies by

species and genotype. There were inter- and intraspecific differences with

respect to the red/blue ratio.

Son and Oh (2016) identified a drop-in growth rate in other lettuce

cultivars as blue and ultraviolet-A light levels increased, which they attributed to

genotype differences. Based on a variety of tests, the best spectra in sweet basil

and strawberry were detected at an R/B ratio of 0.7. (Morphological,

physiological, and biochemical elements) (Piovene et al., 2015) whereas (Folta

and Childers, 2008) observed the greatest growth rate of strawberry plants under

34% blue light. Besides, the growth rate of rapeseed increased with a higher blue

light percentage or the range from 0% to 75% (Li et al., 2013).

Naznin et al., (2016), studied the effect of R/B ratio on lettuce, spinach,

kale, basil, and pepper, and found that more blue light combined with red light is

necessary to promote growth, pigmentation, and antioxidant content of these

vegetable plants, though the optimal ratio varies by species.

Has been methodically grown to generate a plant with a very short life

cycle (30-45 days). Germination, leaf development, budding, flowering, and seed

development can be observed in a few weeks rather than months by providing

optimal conditions of perfect nutrition and continuous light (Acero, 2013)

 13

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

PLANT 1

PLANT 2
Conceptual Paradigm PLANT 3
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
PLANT 4
RED LED
PLANT 5
GREEN LED
PLANT 6
BLUE LED
CONTROL GROUP

Figure 1. The Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

The figure shows the conceptual paradigm of the study. There are three

major variables involved: independent variable, dependent variable, and control

group. In independent variable, where the input is consists of red LED, green

LED, and blue LED treatments. On the other side the dependent variable, the

process being used is through experimentation, and statistical tools that were

used such as the mean and standard deviation, and two-way ANOVA. The input

is the plant 1, plant 2, plant 3, plant 4, plant 5, and plant 6. Moreover, the last

variable is the control group.

14
 15

Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
Research Design

The study implements the experimental design. This design was used

since the main purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of using different

LED colors on the growth of pechay. Factual observation was performed by the

researchers.

Research Materials

The materials used in this study are the following: plastic container, tissue

(4 layers), pechay seeds (1 pack), plastic pots (15 pcs), garden trowel, shovel,

aluminum foil, spray bottle, card board box (3 pcs), electrical tape, LEDs (3

bulbs, 1 bulb per color: red, blue, and green, electrical wire (5m), soldering iron,

lead wire, glue gun, stick glue, styrofoam, socket (3 pcs), extension wire, male

and female plug.

Data Gathering Procedure

This study was divided into 5 procedural parts; germination, preparation of

the compartments, wirings, transplanting and light treatment.

Germination

The pechay seeds were pre-germinated while moistened thoroughly for

seven (7) days on the germination box consisting of seed bed made from tissue

paper.
 16

Preparation of the Compartments

Three boxes made of card board measuring 12x10x52cm (6240𝑐𝑚3 ), with

internal walls covered with aluminium foil and a square measuring 18cm on one

side of each box were cut, except the upper part, as it acted as the hinge of the

box for its window.

Wirings

A receptacle was connected to a 10 cm wire with each charge, and it was

glued to the top interior. On the top of each box, a hole is created where the wire

is inserted from the interior of the boxes.

The three (3) boxes were aligned horizontally with the window facing in one

direction while the wires were connected in a series circuit connection, and each

connection was soldiered and covered with electrical tape.

Transplanting

The tissue paper was removed from the germination box together with the

selected pre-germinated seeds. One germinated seed was transplanted into a

pot filled with loam soil. In each compartment, six (6) pots were placed with a 2

cm gap between each part.

Light treatment

After planting, the pots were placed in the compartments (6240cm3) with

1.5 watts LED bulbs. The bulbs were placed into their respective compartments
 17

which are; red, blue, and green. The plants were subjected to continuous light for

12 hours per day for only 30 days with a daily continuous watering (5 mL).

Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used the mean and standard deviation to identify the

different effects of using different colors of LEDs on the growth of pechay in

terms of its following parameter: height, number of leaves, and weight.

Statistical calculations were performed by using Analysis of Variance (two-

way ANOVA for MS Excel, version 3.34)) for the experimental group that consists

of LED color such as red, blue, and green, and the control group.
 18

Chapter IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Mean and Standard Deviation on the pechay's growth performance under

the three different colors of light emitting diodes (LEDs); red, green and blue and
the control. The significance levels for the difference in pechay growth
performance between the experimental and control groups in terms of height,
number of leaves, and weight were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Significant
differences from reference treatment are denoted as “significant” at P should be
less than 0.05 to be significant

Result and Analysis

Table 1. Growth of Pechay in Terms of Height (cm).

Control Red Green Blue
Plant 1 16.1 12.5 13.3 12.1
Plant 2 12.9 10.1 15.4 12.9
Plant 3 9 0 13.2 13.9
Plant 4 14.1 0 15.6 13.1
Plant 5 12.9 11.3 17.1 12.6
Plant 6 12.8 0 17 14.2
Mean 12.97 5.65 15.27 13.13
SD 2.32 6.24 1.71 0.79

Table 1 above presents the mean and the standard deviation of pechay’s growth
performance in terms of its height.

Data shows that green, blue, and red light treatments mean height of
pechay are 15.27 (SD 1.71), 13.13 (SD 0.79), and 5.65 (SD 6.24) respectively.
The control group has a mean height of 12.97 (SD 2.32). This shows that the
green light treatment is higher than the other experimental treatments and the
control group. The red light treatment is the lowest in terms of height.
 19

Table 2. Growth of Pechay in Terms of Number of Leaves (pcs)

Control Red Green Blue
Plant 1 7 6 7 6
Plant 2 6 5 7 5
Plant 3 6 0 6 5
Plant 4 6 0 7 6
Plant 5 6 6 7 6
Plant 6 6 0 6 5
Mean 6.17 2.83 6.67 5.50
SD 3.13 0.52 0.55 0.41

Table 2 above presents the mean and the standard deviation of pechay’s
growth performance in terms of its number of leaves.

Data shows that green, blue, and red light treatments mean number of
leaves of pechay are 6.76 (SD 0.55), 5.50 (SD 0.41), and 2.83 (SD 0.52)
respectively. The control group has a mean number of leaves of 6.17 (SD 3.13).
This shows that the green light treatment has greater number of leaves than the
other experimental treatments and the control group. The red light treatment has
the least number of leaves.

Generally, standard number of leaves of a mature pechay plant has a

mean of 5.17 (Gonzales et al., 2015). As a result, the green and blue light
treatments, as well as the control groups has exceeded on the normal number of
leaves of a mature pechay plant.

Table 3. Growth of Pechay in Terms of Weight (g)

Control Red Green Blue
Plant 1 0.8 0.33 0.46 0.58
Plant 2 0.7 0.28 0.79 0.42
Plant 3 0.33 0 0.54 0.57
Plant 4 0.54 0 0.66 0.46
Plant 5 0.45 0.36 0.97 0.38
Plant 6 0.61 0 0.97 0.64
Mean 0.57 0.16 0.73 0.51
SD 0.17 0.18 0.22 0.10

Table 3 presents the mean and the standard deviation of pechay’s growth
performance in terms of its weight.
 20

Data shows that green, blue, and red light treatments mean weight (g) of
pechay are 0.73 (SD 0.22), 0.51 (SD 0.10), and 0.16 (SD 0.18) respectively. The
control group has a mean weight (g) of 0.57 (SD 0.17). This shows that the green
light treatment is the heaviest than both the experimental treatments and the
control group. The red light treatment has the lightest weight.

Table 4. ANOVA calculation of significant differences between the control group

and experimental group in terms of their height.
Variables Mean SD t-computed p-value Description
6.17 0.41
To vs T1 2.77 0.039 Significant
2.83 3.13
6.17 0.41 Not
To vs T2 -2.24 0.76
6.67 0.52 Significant
6.17 0.41
To vs T3 3.16 0.025 Significant
5.50 0.55

As shown in table 4, there are 3 variables, these are To vs T1 , To vs T2 , and

To vs T3 whereas To (control group), T1 (LED red light treatment), T2 (LED green
light treatment), and T3 (LED blue light treatment).

T1 and T3 shows a significant difference between the T0. This shows that
red light and blue light has a significant effect on the growth of pechay in terms of
height.

Table 5. ANOVA calculation of significant differences between the control group

and experimental group in terms of their number of leaves.

Variables Mean SD t-computed p-value Description

0.57 0.17
To vs T1 5.46 0.003 Significant
0.16 0.18
0.57 0.17 Not
To vs T2 -1.34 0.24
0.73 0.22 Significant
0.57 0.17 Not
To vs T3 0.84 0.44
0.51 0.10 Significant
 21

As shown in table 5, there are 3 variables, these are To vs T1 , To vs T2 , and

To vs T3 whereas To (control group), T1 (LED red light treatment), T2 (LED green
light treatment), and T3 (LED blue light treatment).
It was shown that the number of leaves of pechay To vs T1 (p-0.003) and
To vs T3 (p-0.44) shows a significant difference.

Table 6. ANOVA calculation of significant differences between the control group

and experimental group in terms of their weight.

t- p-value
Variables Mean SD Description
computed
12.97 2.32
To vs T1 3.32 0.021 Significant
5.56 6.24
12.97 2.32 Not
To vs T2 -2.057 0.095
15.27 1.71 Significant
12.97 2.32 Not
To vs T3 -0.14 0.89
13.13 0.79 Significant

As shown in table 6, there are 3 variables, these are To vs T1 , To vs T2 , and

To vs T3 whereas To (control group), T1 (LED red light treatment), T2 (LED green
light treatment), and T3 (LED blue light treatment).

It was shown that the total weight; To vs T2 (p-0.24) and To vs T3 (p-0.44)

shows no significant differences. As a result, it was observed that these variables
are beyond the average growth of the control group To . While To vs T1 (p-0.001)
shows significantly different from To since it has the lowest average value among
the other treatments.
 22

Chapter V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

The objective of the study was to determine the average growth of pechay
plants under different colored light emitting diodes (LEDs) and the significant
differences between the control group and the experimental group, in terms of
the height, number of leaves, and weight of the plants. Three (3) compartments
were made for the experimental group, which are red light treatment (T1), green
light treatment (T2), and blue light treatment (T3) and one (1) compartment for the
control group (T0). Each compartment of the experimental group, as well as the
control group, consists of six (6) pots.

It shows that there is a significant difference between the control group

and the experimental group in terms of average growth. In terms of height,
number of leaves, and weight, the green light treatment, (T 2) has the highest
average, and the red light treatment, has the lowest average.

Treatment 2 with green light is found to have the highest growth

performance among different treatments and the control group. The growth
obtained from the rest of the treatment differ significantly from control group (T0),
namely: red light treatment (T1) and blue light treatment (T3).

Similarly, there is no significant growth differences between green light

treatment (T2) and blue light treatment (T3) compared to the control group (T0) in
terms of number of leaves. Further, there is no significant growth differences
between green light treatment (T2) and blue light treatment (T3) compared to the
control group (T0) in terms of weight. The growth from red light treatment (T1)
differed significantly from the plant in control group (T0) in terms of weight.
 23

Conclusion

Based on the data gathered, the researchers concluded that green light
treatment has greater effect on the growth of pechay compared to other
experimental treatment and control group.

qRecommendation

The researchers recommended to use light with low wavelength to be

used as experimental treatment for plant growth. Further, it is recommended that
the experimental data must be gathered with respect to the plant maturity for
better results.
 24

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 28

APPENDICES
 29

Materials

Pre-Germination

Compartments
 30

Transplanting

1st Term of Pechay’s Growth Performance (Day 6)

 31

2nd Term of Pechay’s Growth Performance (Day 12)

3rd Term of Pechay’s Growth Performance (Day 18)

 32

4th Term of Pechay’s Growth Performance (Day 24)

5th Term of Pechay’s Growth Performance (Day 30)

 33

Harvesting

Consultations
 34

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name: Bainor S. Akmad

Date of Birth: December 20, 1999
Place of Birth: Adaon, Talayan, Maguindanao
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Father's Name: Aladin M. Akmad
Mother's Name: Marry N. Sabpa
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Mapayag, Datu Anggal Midtimbang, Maguindanao
E-mail Address: lalah8464@gmail.com
Contact No.: 09678597199

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Mapayag Elementary School
Secondary: Datu Odin Sinsuat Educational and Development Foundation Inc.
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department
 35

Personal Data

Name: Almera D. Manap

Date of Birth: February 16, 2004
Place of Birth: Vigan, St. Sta. Mesa, Manila
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Father's Name: Badrudin O. Manap
Mother's Name: Evelyn E. Delana
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Dalican Poblacion, Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao
E-mail Address: elumbaringalmera@gmail.com
Contact No.: 099535118781

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Dalican Pilot Elementary School
Secondary: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated Laboratory
Science High School
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department.
 36

Personal Data

Name: Mamatanto “Mj” G. Masukat Jr.

Date of Birth: April 08, 2004
Place of Birth: Brgy. Makir, DOS, Maguindanao
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Father's Name: Mamatanto L. Masukat
Mother's Name: Jiahara G. Masukat
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Sitio Proper, Barangay Makir, Datu Odin Sinsuat,
Maguindanao
E-mail Address: mjmasukat04@gmail.com
Contact No.: 09754953747

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Dalican Pilot Elementary School
Secondary: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao Integrated Laboratory
Science High School.
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department.
 37

Personal Data

Name: Mishael M. Purong

Date of Birth: January 20, 2005
Place of Birth: Parong MHF Inc. Lower Bicutan
Taguig City
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Father's Name: Zainudin U. Purong
Mother's Name: Maida C. Makmod
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Tambunan, Talayan, Maguindanao
E-mail Address: mishaelpurong@gmail.com
Contact No.: 09756151754

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Hadji Ali Baganian Memorial School Inc.
Secondary: Hadji Ali Baganian Memorial School Inc
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department.
 38

Personal Data

Name: Jasmiralta N. Watamama

Date of Birth: April 10, 2004
Place of Birth: Benolen D.O.S. Maguindanao
Gender: Female
Civil status: Single
Father's Name: Basir A. Watamama
Mother's Name: Samsia N. Watamama
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Benolen D.O.S., Maguindanao
E-mail Address: jsmrltawtmm@gmail.com
Contact No.: 09518266610

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Benolen Elementary School
Secondary: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao Integrated Laboratory
Science High School.
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department.
 39

Personal Data

Name: Bai Fhardina Leigh D. Yap

Date of Birth: May 08, 2004
Place of Birth: Quijano Hospital, Tacurong City,
Suitan Kudarat
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Father's Name: Quimson B. Yap
Mother's Name: Vilma S. Datumanong
Religion: Islam
Citizenship: Filipino
Home Address: Poblacion 1, Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao
E-mail Address: fhardinayapii@gmail.com
Contact no.: 09958536734

Educational Attainment
Elementary: Shariff Aguak Central Elementary School
Secondary: The Notre Dame of Esperanza Incorporated
Senior High School: Mindanao State University-Maguindanao, Integrated
Laboratory Science High School Senior High School Department