ASSALAMUALAIKUM EVERYONE!

MY NAME IS
NUR FATINI BINTI ZULGHAFAR FROM ED241
7A, AND IT IS FINALLY OUR TURN FOR THE
GROUP PRESENTATION, SO, WITHOUT
FURTHER A DO, LET’S START!

THE TOPIC THAT WE HAVE CHOSEN FOR THIS

PRESENTATION IS A VERY PROMINENT TOPIC,
AND IT IS NOT ONLY HAPPENING IN
MALAYSIA, BUT ALSO IN THE WHOLE WIDE
WORLD. OUR TOPIC IS….

TEEN PREGNANCY: CAN IT BE AVOIDABLE

WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SEX
EDUCATION?

(VOICE) BEFORE THAT, LET’S GET TO KNOW

THE PRESENTERS FOR TODAY. WE HAVE NUR
FATINI BINTI ZULGHAFAR, SARAH AYESHA
BINTI SHARUZAMAN, NOOR KAMALIA BINTI
KAMARUDDIN, AND SITI KHAIRUL ATIYAH
BINTI MUHAMAD KHAIRU ALDIN.
(VOICE) THE FOUR OF US WILL BE COVERING
IN DEPTH INTO FOUR SECTIONS, THE FIRST
SECTION: REASONS FOR THE SPIKE IN TEEN
PREGNANCY BY NUR FATINI. THEN, SARAH
AYESHA WILL BE COVERING ON THE FACTORS
FOR THE LACK OF SEXUAL EDUCATION IN THE
CURRENT EDUCATION SYSTEM. AFTER THAT,
NOOR KAMALIA WILL TALK ABOUT THE
TYPES OF SEXUAL EDUCATION, AND LASTLY
SITI KHAIRUL ATIYAH WILL TOUCH ON HOW
TO APPLY IT IN THE MALAYSIAN CONTEXT.

DO YOU KNOW?! EVERY SINGLE YEAR, THERE

ARE APPROXIMATELY 3000 RAPE CASES, 18 000
TEENAGE PREGNANCY, AND 100 CASES OF
BABY DUMPING? AND THAT IS JUST THE TIP
OF THE ICEBERG LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
BECAUSE THESE NUMBERS ARE THE CASES
THAT HAVE BEEN REPORTED AND BELIEVE
ME, THERE ARE MANY OTHER UNREPORTED
CASES OUT THERE.

OTHER THAN THAT, RESEARCHES HAVE ALSO

FOUND THAT 90% OF RESPONDENTS AGREED
THAT SEXUAL EDUCATION IS NOT BEING
TAUGHT IN MALAYSIAN SCHOOLS. NOT ONLY
THAT, 35% OF MALAYSIA FEMALE YOUTH
BELIEVE THAT FIRST-TIME SEX WILL NOT
LEAD TO PREGNANCY. AND 65% OF
MALAYSIAN MEN DID NOT KNOW THAT
SEXUAL CONSENT MUST BE AN EXPLICIT YES.

THERE ARE STILL PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO

BELIEVES THAT FIRST-TIME SEX WILL NOT
LEAD TO PREGNANCY…..??? WHY??? *ACTION
TANGAN KE SEBELAH*

BUT FIRST, LET’S LOOK AT THE REASONS FOR

THE SPIKE IN TEEN PREGNANCY. TEENAGE
PREGNANCY, ALSO KNOWN AS ADOLESCENT
PREGNANCY, IS THE ONE IN WHICH THE
MOTHER’S AGE IS BETWEEN 13-19 YEARS OLD,
ACCRDING TO WORLD HEALTH
ORGANIZATION (WHO)

THE FIRST REASON IS THE INFLUENCE OF

MEDIA. HOW CAN MEDIA BE THE CAUSE OF
TEEN PREGNANCY? ACCORDING TO A
RESEARCH, TEENS SPEND AN AVERAGE OF 7
HOURS AND 22 MINUTES ON THEIR PHONES A
DAY. IT SHOWS THAT THEY HAVE SPENT
ALMOST 1/3 OF THE DAY JUST BY LOOKING AT
THE PHONE. MOREOVER IN TODAY’S WORLD,
YOU CAN DO ANYTHING WITH JUST A PHONE.
THERE’S NETFLIX IF YOU WANT TO WATCH
MOVIES OR TV SHOWS, THERE’S INTERNET, OF
COURSE, WHERE YOU CAN BASICALLY SURF
ALMOST ANYTHING, AND THERE’S ALSO E-
BOOK, WHERE YOU CAN READ ONLINE
WITHOUT HAVING TO BUY A PHYSICAL BOOK
AGAIN. IT’S ALL AT THE TIP OF YOUR FINGERS.
POPULAR MEDIA GLORIFIES TEEN SEX AND
MAKES IT SEEMS LIKE A NORM, AND IT LACKS
ANY INFORMATION ABOUT SAFE SEX
PRACTICE. MOVIES AND TV SHOWS LIKE
“TEEN MOM” AND “16 AND PREGNANT”
GLAMORIZES TEEN PREGNANCY AND HIDE
THE TRUE HARDSHIPS ASSOCIATED WITH
PREGNANCY, WHICH ENCOURAGES TEENS TO
BECOME PREGNANT. RESEARCH IN 2014
SUGGESTS YOUNG GIRLS WHO ARE FREQUENT
VIEWERS OF 16 AND PREGNANT WERE MORE
LIKELY TO HAVE AN UNREALISTIC
PERCEPTION OF TEENAGE
MOTHERHOOD. ADDITIONALLY, VIEWERS
WERE FOUND TO PERCEIVE THE BENEFITS OF
TEEN PREGNANCY TO BE GREATER THAN THE
RISKS, GIVEN THE POSITIVE CONCLUSIONS IN
PARTICIPANTS' STORIES. OTHER THAN THAT,
LIKE I SAID JUST NOW, THE ADVANCEMENT OF
TECHNOLOGY LIKE INTERNET HAS MADE
EVERYTHING SO EASY TO BE OBTAIN.
TEENAGERS CAN EASILY BE EXPOSED TO
SEXUAL IMAGES OR SEXUALLY EXPLICIT
CONTENTS ON THE INTERNET, FOR EXAMPLE,
PRONOGRAPHY WEBSITES. EVEN THOUGH,
MALAYSIAN GOVERNMENT HAS TRIED TO
BLOCK SEVERAL PORNOGRAPHY WEBSITES IN
THE COUNTRY, HOWEVER, THESE PEOPLE ARE
SO SMART, AND THEY CAN EVEN HACK THE
SYSTEM AND BREAK THE WALLS. ACCORDING
TO A RESEARCH, PRE-MARITAL PREGNANT
TEENAGERS WERE ALMOST 10 TIMES MORE
LIKELY TO HAVE HAD FREQUENT EXPOSURE
TO PORNOGRAPHY COMPARED WITH NON-
PREGNANT TEENAGERS. HENCE, FREQUENT
EXPOSURE TO PORNOGRAPHY WAS SHOWN TO
HAVE A SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH PRE-
MARITAL TEENAGE PREGNANCY. NOT ONLY
THAT, OTHER MASS MEDIA SUCH AS BOOKS
AND MAGAZINES CAN ALSO BE ONE OF THE
CAUSES OF TEEN PREGNANCY. THIS IS
BECAUSE THE PORTRAYAL OF SEX IN THE
MEDIA PUT YOUNG TEENS AT RISK FOR TEEN
PREGNANCY. A STUDY THAT LOOKED AT
FOUR TEEN GIRL MAGAZINES INCLUDING:
SEVENTEEN, TEEN, SASSY, AND YM HAVE
SHOWN TO FOCUS MORE ON SEXUAL
PLEASURE RATHER THAN SEXUAL HEALTH.
LESS THAN HALF OF THE CONTENT THAT WAS
IN THE MAGAZINE WAS PERTAINING TO ANY
FORM OF SEXUAL HEALTH INFORMATION
(HUST, BROWN, & L’ENGLE, 2008).

MOVING ON TO THE NEXT REASON WHICH IS

PEER PRESSURE. PEERS ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE
PART OF THE SAME SOCIAL GROUP, SO THE
TERM "PEER PRESSURE" MEANS THE
INFLUENCE THAT PEERS CAN HAVE ON EACH
OTHER. ALTHOUGH PEER PRESSURE DOES NOT
NECESSARILY HAVE TO BE NEGATIVE, THE
TERM "PRESSURE" IMPLIES THAT THE
PROCESS INFLUENCES PEOPLE TO DO THINGS
THAT THEY MAY BE RESISTANT TO. SO
USUALLY THE TERM "PEER PRESSURE" IS
USED WHEN PEOPLE ARE TALKING ABOUT
BEHAVIORS THAT ARE NOT CONSIDERED
SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE OR DESIRABLE, SUCH
AS EXPERIMENTATION WITH ALCOHOL,
DRUGS OR EVEN SEX. ACCORDING TO
WHITAKER AND MILLER (2000) AND KIRBY
(2001), WHEN TEENS BELIEVE – CORRECTLY OR
NOT – THAT THEIR PEERS ARE HAVING SEX,
THEY ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE SEX. PEERS
CAN INFLUENCE THE VIEWS OF THEIR AGE
GROUPS, HENCE, BAD INFLUENCE LEADING TO
RISKY BEHAVIOURS SUCH AS UNPROTECTED
SEXUAL ACTIVITY WHICH MAY LEAD TO
PREGNANCY. THIS CAN HAPPEN WHEN THEY
FEEL LEFT OUT FROM THE GROUP FOR “NOT
HAVING SEX”, HENCE MAKING THEY FEEL
THAT THEY HAVE TO HAVE SEX IN ORDER TO
BELONG TO THE GROUP. THIS CAN BE SEEN IN
A SURVEY THAT HAS SHOWN THAT 30% OF
BOYS ARE PRESSURIZED BY THEIR PEERS TO
TAKE PART IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY AND ABOUT
7% OF MALAYSIANS AGED 13 TO 17 HAVE
ALREADY HAD INTERCOURSE.

LAST BUT NOT LEAST, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE

ABOUT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
IS DEFINITELY ONE OF THE CAUSE OF TEEN
PREGNANCY. WHAT WE HAVE SEEN JUST NOW
ARE PROVES THAT MANY OF OUR TEENAGERS
ARE STILL CLUELESS ABOUT SEX EDUCATION.
THEY ARE STILL PEOPLE OUT THERE WHO
BELIEVE THAT FIRST-TIME SEX WILL NOT
LEAD TO PREGNANCY, AND THERE ARE ALSO
TEENAGERS THAT DON’T KNOW HOW TO
AVOID FROM BECOMING PREGNANT. AND
WHAT’S SHOCKING TO ME IS THAT IN THE
SURVEY, ONLY 38% OF GIRLS KNOW THAT
BABIES ARE DELIVERED THROUGH VAGINA.
WITH THIS, I BELIEVE THERE ARE MANY
TEENAGERS OUT THERE WHO ARE STILL
CLUELESS ON HOW TO PRACTICE SAFE SEX TO
AVOID DISEASES AND ALSO BEING PREGNANT.

THAT’S ALL FROM ME, NOW, I WILL PASS THE

FLOOR TO THE NEXT PRESENTER. THANK YOU.