1

CHAPTER 1

The Problem and Its Setting

Introduction

Education is an important medium of acquiring essential knowledge and skills. It

is more than just learning from books. It is an effort of the older generation to transfer

their life wisdom to their offspring. Our world is constantly changing and developing so

it is very important to teach and bring up intelligent people who could understand the

problems of modern society and solve them in a proper way. Modern education is liberal,

open, and exoteric.  It is the premise of progress, in every family and in every society.

Education is definitely important in one`s life.  A gift of knowledge can bring us to the

top of our dreams. It leads us to the right path and gives us a chance to have a wonderful

life (Lisa Barlow, Aug 2017).

Educational site is a location where students gain firsthand knowledge away from

the classroom, as to a museum, factory, geological area, or environment of certain plants

and animals (dictionary.com).

The importance of museum is not only on the display inside the exhibit rooms but

also on the message of the said displays. Visitors and students visit museums just to find

out if there are some important matters that they can gather or learn for themselves and to

discover the wonders of the park (Nelson Balitactac Vibora, May 1998).
 2

The National Planetarium is a dome-shaped institution located on the National

Museum Complex in Rizal Park. It houses exhibits that provide knowledge about

Cosmology and Astronomy to its visitors.

Under SEC. 4 Mandate, Duties and Functions of the “National Museum of the

Philippines Act of 2016” states that “Function as an educational, cultural and scientific

that, through its operations, projects and programs, documents, acquires, preserves,

exhibits, and fosters scholarly studies and public appreciation of works of art, specimens,

and cultural and historical artifacts representative of or unique to the artistic and cultural

heritage of the Filipino people and the natural history of the Philippines, as well as their

significance to the nation.” (Deogracias Victor B. Savellano, Aug 2016)

Statement of the Problem

The National Planetarium is often viewed as an attraction and not for learning

educational knowledge or an educational site.

To solve the following problem, three research questions were made:

Research Questions

1. What is the perception of Senior High School students on the National

Planetarium as an educational site?

2. Does the Senior High School student view the National Planetarium as an

education site?

3. Why was the National Planetarium not viewed/viewed as an educational site?

 3

Significance of the Study

For the students

- For the students to know the characteristics of an educational site and for them

to be aware if the National Planetarium enters the characteristics of an educational

site.

For the planetarium

- For the National Planetarium to be aware and to know the views of the Senior

High School students on them as an educational site.

For the future researchers

- For them to have a reference for their future research that is related to the

National Planetarium. This study will help them understand and improve their

future study.

Research Objectives

-To know what is the perception of Senior High School Students on the National

Planetarium as an educational site

-To know if the Senior High School view the National Planetarium as an

educational site
 4

-To know why the National Planetarium was viewed or not viewed as an

educational site

Hypothesis

Alternative Hypothesis

This research will tend to prove if the Senior High School students view the

National Planetarium as an educational site. The researchers are hypothesizing that the

Senior High School students will observe the characteristics of an educational site and

therefore will view the National Planetarium as an educational site.

Scope and Limitations

This study is focused with an analysis of perception of 18 Senior High School

student from different schools who visited the National Planetarium in Rizal Park.

The study was limited to the only National Planetarium in Metro Manila. Data

gathered from these studies were delimited to the responses of the students/respondents to

the several items mentioned in the questionnaire.

Definition of Terms

The following definitions are provided to ensure uniformity and understanding of

these terms throughout the study:

 5

 Museum

- is an institution that conserves a collection of artifacts and other objects

of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance (Merriam-Webster)

(Conceptual)

- is an institution that conserves a collection of artifacts and other objects

of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance (Merriam-Webster)

(Operational)

 Planetarium

- an apparatus or model representing the planetary system

(dictionary.com) (Conceptual)

- an apparatus or model representing the planetary system

(dictionary.com) (Operational)

 Dome

- a large hemispherical roof or ceiling (Merriam-Webster) (Conceptual)

- a large hemispherical roof or ceiling (Merriam-Webster) (Operational)

 Display

- to put (something) in a prominent place in order that it may readily be

seen (Oxford Living Dictionaries) (Conceptual)

- to put (something) in a prominent place in order that it may readily be

seen (Oxford Living Dictionaries) (Operational)

 Exhibit

- to show something in public for competition, sale, or amusement

 6

(Cambridge Dictionary) (Conceptual)

- to show something in public for competition, sale, or amusement

(Cambridge Dictionary) (Operational)

 Technology

- a manner of accomplishing a task using technical knowledge (Merriam-

Webster) (Conceptual)

- a manner of accomplishing a task using technical knowledge (Merriam-

Webster) (Operational)

 Experience

- is used to refer to the past events, knowledge, and feelings that make up

someone’s life or character (Collins Dictionary) (Conceptual)

- is used to refer to the past events, knowledge, and feelings that make up

someone’s life or character (Collins Dictionary) (Operational)

 Function

- the way in which something works or operates (Cambridge Dictionary)

(Conceptual)

- the way in which something works or operates (Cambridge Dictionary)

(Operational)

 Perception

- the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory

impressions in order to give meaning to their environments (S.P. Robbins)

(Conceptual)
 7

- the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory

impressions in order to give meaning to their environments (S.P. Robbins)

(Operational)

 Educational site

- a location where students gain firsthand knowledge away from the

classroom, as to a museum, factory, geological area, or environment of

certain plants and animals (dictionary.com) (Conceptual)

- a location where students gain firsthand knowledge away from the

classroom, as to a museum, factory, geological area, or environment of

certain plants and animals (dictionary.com) (Operational)

Research Paradigm

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

The characteristics  Conducting a “Perception of

survey SHS Students on
of an educational
site the National
 Data
Planetarium as an
gathering
Educational Site”
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CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Studies:

1. Title: Case Studies of Children's Museum as Bases for a Developmental

Model for Science Museums
Author: Marina D. Estrera-Balce
Date: October 1995

According to Marina D. Estrera-Balce (October 1995), most of the science

museums are located in the National Capital Region (NCR) and therefore,

students near or studying in NCR has been benefited in learning science

outside school. Science museums are beneficiary as institutions for

disseminating science and technology ideas to the masses. Some of the

state of the country’s science and technology museums are beginning to

adapt ways and means to make their exhibits informative and more

appealing, on-par with the most progressive science museums in Europe,

the USA, and Asia.

2. Title: Perception of Social Studies Secondary Students of the Laguna College

of Arts and Trades on Selected Museums in the Province of Laguna: An
Analysis
Author: Nelson Balitactac Vibora
Date: May 1998

According to Nelson Balitactac Vibora (May 1998), the importance of

museum is not only on the display inside the exhibit rooms but also on the

message of the said displays. Visitors and students visit museums just to
 9

find out if there are some important matters that they can gather or learn

for themselves and to discover the wonders of the park.

3. Title: Planetarium as A Source of Outdoor Learning Environment

Author: Aksu Seyma and Umdu Topsakal, Unsal
Date: March 10, 2017
Planetariums have positive effects on students. Pasachoff and Percy

(2005) stated in their book that museums and planetariums can provide an

informal learning environment to students, that is, very different from the

formal one in a school. In another study, pre-service teachers stated that

planetariums were educational, interesting, fun, and they had an

impressive atmosphere which would promote students’ motivation

towards science courses (Bozdoğan and Ustaoğlu, 2016).

4. Title: The Role of the Planetarium in Students’ Attitudes, Learning, and

Thinking About Astronomical Concepts
Author: William Raymond Thornburgh
Date: May 2017
According to W.R. Thornburgh’s research, the student’s attitude toward

learning Astronomy, the student’s way of learning, and the student’s way

of thinking affects their way of learning Astronomy through planetariums.

By visiting the planetarium, students gained a new level of comprehension

for why we experience events on Earth (e.g. day/night, seasons, eclipses

and Moon phases) through visualizations. The students were able to

experience something that would have not been possible within the

classroom by immersing them in an environment where virtual flight

through space took place.

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5. Title: Do Science Demonstrations in the Planetarium Enhance Learning?

Author: James Rusk
Date: March 2003
“The planetarium experience has been shown by previous researchers to

be a valuable learning environment. The data presented in this study,

however, show that whenever possible, planetariums should provide

students with live science demonstrations in addition to the planetarium

program itself. This study also reinforces the idea that the planetarium is a

unique resource for school districts, providing students with learning and

laboratory experiences that cannot be obtained in most classrooms.”

Related Literature:

1. Title: National Museum Planetarium

Author: nationalmuseum.gov.ph
Date: February 10, 2014

According to nationalmuseum.gov.ph (Feb. 2014), the idea of building

Planetariums in Manila was formed in 1970s by Godofredo Alcaszid Sr.,

the Museum Director, with the assistance of Mr. Maximo P. Sacro Jr. of

the Philippine Weather Bureau, and one of the founders of the Philippines

Astronomical Society. The project was introduced by Ms. Imelda R.

Marcos the chairman of the National Parks and Department Committee,

and this became one of its priority projects. The construction began in

1974 and it took nine months to finish it. In October 8, 1975, it was

inaugurated and in September 30, 1975 the planetarium status was

affirmed by the Presidential Decree No. 804-A. The planetarium‘s

function is to spread information about astronomers by shows, lectures,

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etc. It has also unique features that can be imaginable to viewers. Through

years, planetarium has been improved and it will continually be

developed.

2. Title: 5 Reasons to Visit the Reopened National Planetarium

Author: Ivy Jean Vibar
Date: March 26, 2017

According to Ivy Jean Vibar (March 2017), Starting in this weekend,

visitors of National Planetarium in Manila can be fond of full-dome

shows, in where the offerings were chosen for the entertainment of the

young and old alike so that the whole family are able to visit and enjoy the

program as well. The shows will be giving free of charge up to April 30.

The shows are a first for the National Planetarium, as it only lately

installed an upgraded version of its 1975 projector, as well as a new digital

system that was both developed by a Japanese company. Moreover, these

are the highlights of what you can find in Planetarium: Firstly, Pioneering

Technology. The new hybrid projection system is combining the 1975

analog projector with as digital projector. Next, Stars. In where the

Planetarium’s dome can let you experience that you almost imitate the

virtual reality of 3D cinema viewing experience, without needing of

headgear or special glasses. Plus, the slight tilt to your chair can really

make you believe that falling upwards into the space. Thirdly, no age limit

to learn. Anyone can learn new things from the Planetarium even

grandfathers too can still learn. Next, help nurture interest in astronomy.

As for today astronomers especially girls are in demand since there are
 12

only four women astronomers in the country. Said Pabunan, if a child has

an interest in stars and galaxies, you might take them to one of the

country’s exhibit dedicated to astronomy. Lastly, Admission is free.

Visitors can watch the full-dome shows free of charge until the end of

April.

3. Title: National Planetarium: Go On A Cosmic Tour This Weekend

Author: Rizelle “Rei” Leaño
Date: July 05, 2017

According to Rizelle “Rei” Leaño (June 2017), National Planetarium in

Manila is an earthly place in where it will give you an impressive out earth

tour. The ambiance of this place will give you clues of how the universe

started, you will learn the importance of astronomy in the lives of our

ancestors, all the planets of the solar system, the constellations, and

galaxies. Planetarium was weekly academic shows that people can watch

for small admission fee. The place is located in Padre Burgos Drive in the

National Museum Complex.

4. Title: What You Can Learn on a Visit to a Planetarium

Author: Rosie W.
Date: November 25, 2010

According to Rosie W (November 2010), Planetarium aims toddler, young

school children and older school kids and when you visit a planetarium

you could learn about black holes, aurora, summer sky, stellar evolution

and so much more and they show it by having a dome-shaped theatre and

interesting astronomical shows to encourage audiences to learn. Most

planetarium provide shows to general public and 1990s, 3-D Digital

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planetarium has been made to have a real depth to the whole experience of

the viewer. We have a planetarium to show and demonstrate the layout of

the solar system & beyond. For example, a planetarium can now “fly” the

audience towards one of the familiar constellations such as Orion, thus

having interaction to the viewers. This experience can be much more

educationally beneficial than demonstrations particularly for those people

who are especially visual or spatially-aware.

5. Title: ICYMI: The National Museum Planetarium reopens to the pvblic

Author: Gelo Lasin
Date: January 15, 2019
If you love going to museums and have curiosity for astronomy and

science, say no more because the stars have aligned for you. The

National Museum of the Philippines just announced the official

reopening of their Planetarium on Facebook. The establishment resumes

operations after it went under renovation last November.

Synthesis

National Planetarium in Manila is a full-dome show, offering entertainment for

young and old alikes that would like to learn about the importance of astronomy,

constellations, all planets of the solar system and other related studies. To give the

information and knowledge to the viewers, National Planetarium uses different system

like having a projector, 3D cinema experience, having a Special Glasses and many more

to encourage and nurture the interest in astronomy.

 14

Based on our several review of related literature, it only states the positive effects

of going into the National Planetarium and functions inside the Planetarium like showing

and lecturing the students about cosmology, astronomy and other related studies.

This research varies from some of the aforementioned studies. The focus of this

research is about a planetarium while the other studies focus on science museums, which

is the same thing in terms of function but different in display and exhibits.
 15

CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

The researchers will evaluate people’s views or understanding of a particular

issue about the research’s topic, thus, the researchers will choose a more qualitative

approach. The researchers’ method for qualitative approach will be using the

phenomenological method.

Research Design

For the research design, the study is a phenomenology under the qualitative

research. The researchers will use a descriptive design to determine the perception of

senior high school students on the National Planetarium as an educational site.

Population and Sampling

The population for this research is 18. The researchers identified respondents who

are students of Senior High School from different schools around Parañaque. The

researchers opt to choose voluntary sampling, under non-probability sampling, of the

population because they have strong interest on the main topic of the survey.
 16

Research Locale

This study will be conducted at the National Planetarium since the chosen

respondents are Senior High School students who visited thee National Planetarium.

Research Instrument and Techniques

The researchers used the survey method where they have made and selected

questionnaires that are aimed to know the perception of the Senior High School students

on the National Planetarium as an educational site. The researchers used multiple

methods for the questionnaires: Dichotomous Question and open question.

Data Gathering Procedure

This research will gather data generated by means of survey. We started from

gathering possible questions from the RRL/RRS to the formation of questions for the

survey. The survey shall collect the perception of Senior High School students on the

National Planetarium as an educational site and if they think the National Planetarium fits

the characteristics of an educational site and other questions that shall focus on the

subject matter of the study. The questions/survey will be given to the research instrument

and will be given to the senior high school students who visited the National Planetarium.

A total of 18 respondents are expected. After they answer the questionnaire, researchers

will collect the surveys from the respondents and will look into the respondent’s answer

and then we’ll gather those answers to validate and make our study more effective.
 17

Data Analysis

For the data analysis, the researchers will use narrative analysis. This method is

used to analyze content from various sources, such as interviews of respondents,

observations from the field, or surveys, which is perfect for the research. The researchers

use content analysis to show the data of the respondents from the survey or interview.
 18

CHAPTER 4

Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data

This chapter deals with the presentation, interpretation and analysis of data. It

answers the research question(s): (1) What is the perception of Senior High School

students on the National Planetarium as an educational site?, (2) Does the Senior High

School student view the National Planetarium as an educational site?, (3) Why was the

National Planetarium not viewed/viewed as an educational site?

1. What is the perception of Senior High School students on the National

Planetarium as an educational site?

The researchers took 7 of 38 characteristics from the American Alliance of Museums

and used it as a basis for the characteristics of an educational site. The respondents

checked if the following characteristics are observed or not observed inside the

National Planetarium. Table 1 shows that most of these characteristics are observed in

the National Planetarium.

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Table 1

Characteristics Observed Unobserved Total

1. asserts its public service role and places 100% 0% 100%

education at the center of that role

2. owns exhibits, or uses collections that are 94.44% 5.56% 100%

appropriate to its mission

3. clearly states its overall educational goals, 94.44% 5.56% 100%

philosophy, and messages, and
demonstrates that its activities are in
alignment with them

4. understands the characteristics and needs 94.44% 5.56% 100%

of its existing and potential audiences and
uses this understanding to inform its
interpretation

5. uses techniques, technologies, and 94.44% 5.56% 100%

methods appropriate to its educational
goals, content, audiences, and resources

6. presents accurate and appropriate content 94.44% 5.56% 100%

for each of its audiences

7. demonstrates consistent high quality in its 77.78% 22.22% 100%

interpretive activities
 20

Table 1 shows that 100% of the respondents observed characteristic no. 1,

94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 2, 94.44% observed and

5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 3, 94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe

characteristic no. 4, 94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 5,

94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 6, 77.78% observed and

22.22% did not observe characteristic no. 7, which means that most of these respondents

observed every characteristic in the National Planetarium.

2. Does the Senior High School student view the National Planetarium as an

educational site?

The researchers gave the respondents survey questionnaires which answers the

question: “Do you view the National Planetarium as an educational site? How?”. The

answers are provided on the table below:

Table 2

Do you view the National Planetarium as an educational site?

No. of Percentage of Percentage of

Respondents Respondents Who Respondents Who Said

Said Yes No

Male 5 27.28% 0%

Female 13 72.22% 0%

Total 18 100% 0%
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Table 2 shows that 27.28% percent of respondents which are male and

72.22% of respondents which are female said that they view the National Planetarium

as an educational site. The texts stated on the next page explains the answers of each

of these respondents in verbatim quotations:

Sex: Female

“I view it as an Educational site even though it's actually a place not

through websites. Here you can some visuals of how the outer space has

made and you can improve your knowledge about the universe.”

Sex: Male

“Yes, I view it as an educational ground for those students who need time

to learn outer spaces and universe and planets and many more it can help

for those who dreams to pursue outer world related jobs in the future.”

Sex: Male

“Yes, because the National Planetarium educate people especially students

who's very curious about planets and universe.”

Sex: Female

“Yes, it is very entertaining and healthy for the brain.”

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Sex: Female
“Yes, dahil dun mo madidiskubre kung ano ba yung nangyayari sa

kalawakan and lalo na sa napanood na hayabusa kung ano bang

nangyari. And yung sa galaxies and June solstice. etc.”

Sex: Male
“Yes, by reading the picture or the theory inside the Planetarium.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, because in the National Planetarium you will know the history of

our planet and there are so many trivia(s) inside.”

Sex: Female
“I view it as an education site for you can understand more about

astronomy and cosmology faster rather reading a book. It is also

affordable”

Sex: Male
“Yes, it's because there’s a lot information and history about what's going

on outside the Earth.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, because they demonstrated and presented accurate content that will

surely help audience to understand about it much better.”

 23

Sex: Female
“Yes, because they presented accurate content that will surely help the

students to understand about our universe.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, but it lacks information.”

Sex: Female

“Yes, because it has many meaningful stories like what time does chicken

lay eggs and now I know it because of the help of National Planetarium.”

Sex: Female
“It is very affordable. I view it as an educational site for you can learn

something new but it’s a bit lacking.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, nakita ko ang National Planetarium bilang isang educational site

dahil unang una sa oras na may pinapanood may nag eexplain ng

maayos, may mga words kang nakikita o mga label at hindi masyado

mahirap intindihin, at banda sa mga pictures/museum keme may mga

description kang makikita at talagang may makukuhang impormasyon dito

ang mga tao lalo na kung sila ay interesado/curious sila dito sa uri ng

educational site.”

Sex: Female
 24

“Yes, it’s perfect for people who are interested with space and stuff.”

Sex: Male

“It is not just enjoyable but also educative. I view it as an educational site

for its enormous knowledge about the outside world.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, because I think it sparks the curiosity of the people and it holds a

valuable learning experience.”

3. Why was the National Planetarium not viewed/viewed as an educational site?

The researchers gave the respondents survey questionnaires which answers the

question: “What is your view on the National Planetarium as an educational site?”.

The following texts stated below are the answers to the question stated above by the

respondents in verbatim quotation:

Sex: Female
“It is very educational and also it is perfect for those who loves stars and

other structured objects outside the planet.”

Sex: Male

“I find it very educational and it is a big help for those who have difficulty

in learning our galaxies and universe related studies I think it is a big help

for them.”

Sex: Male
 25

“It’s full of knowledge and information about the universe, planets, and

space.”

Sex: Female

“National Planetarium is very educational. It hooks the attention and

interest of the student especially for those who love cosmology.”

Sex: Female
“Planetarium around the world both inspire and educate by showing the

universe and its discoveries.”

Sex: Male
“It is good and more to learn about the planets and the pattern of the

constellations.”

Sex: Female
“You can learn a lot of things in National Planetarium and you will know

the history in space and in our planet Earth.”

Sex: Female
“It’s good and beside it is affordable.”

Sex: Male
 26

“Yes because of a lot of information like the outside tarpaulin there's

information about the museum and just looking at it and going there’s

much information about what you can learn about the museum.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, because they demonstrated and presented accurate content that will

surely help audience to understand about it much better.”

Sex: Female
“It is very educational for students.”

Sex: Female
“May natutunan ako tungkol sa kasaysayan ng Hayabusa pero hindi

ganon karami ang nakuha kong impormasyon”

Sex: Female

“It has a lesson for every children and adults who had went to watch and

see the satellites, moon, horoscope and more.”

Sex: Female
“My view on the National Planetarium as an educational site is okay like

you can learn something about the earth and the Philippines but it’s

a bit lacking.”

Sex: Female
 27

“Pag dating namin sa National Planetarium nakita ko na maganda ang

kanilang lugar bilang isang education site. Pag pasok mo naman sa loob

ng planetarium makikita mo ang kagandahan na ginawa nila. Sa part na

may pinapanood dun ka mapapahangga sa kanilang ginawa at

pinaghirapan. Talagang makikita mo ng buong buo sa iyong paligid.

Medyo nakakangalay sa batok pero keri paren. at maraming pang bata

ang mas mapapahangga dito.”

Sex: Female
“It’s okay as an educational site but i expected more interactions but

overall okay.”

Sex: Male

“Well, I did learn a few things on my second time coming here so it is

indeed an educational site. It's not just good for children but also for us

SHS.”

Sex: Female
“It was very informative especially the show but the exhibit needs a little

more improvement. It is also very affordable. It is simple but it will

definitely give a memorable experience.”

The researchers gave the respondents survey questionnaires which answers the

question: “Would you recommend visiting the National Planetarium to other Senior
 28

High School students? Why?”. The answers are provided in the table on the next

page:

Table 3

Would you recommend visiting the National Planetarium to other Senior High School

students?

No. of Percentage of Percentage of

Respondents Respondents Who Respondents Who Said

Said Yes No

Male 5 27.28% 0%

Female 13 72.22% 0%

Total 18 100% 0%

Table 3 shows that 27.28% percent of respondents which are male and

72.22% of respondents which are female said that they would recommend visiting the
 29

National Planetarium to other Senior High School students. The following texts stated

below are the answers to the question stated above by the respondents in verbatim

quotation:

Sex: Female
“Yes, because instead of educational content senior high school student

will surely have a great time because of the technology than how

they will present it.”

Sex: Male

“Yes, I recommend it to other senior high students because it’s about time

to give in depth knowledge about the universe beyond and above us.”

Sex: Male

“Yes, I will recommend this place to other senior high school students so

that they gain knowledge about the planets, solar systems, etc.”

Sex: Female

“Yes, National Planetarium is so cool and amazing because it feels like

you’re really outside the world. The sound effects and its atmosphere is

really perfect for those who are dreaming to go outside the space.”

Sex: Female
 30

“Yes, kung sa tingin ng iba pambata bilang Senior High School student

enjoy it’s all about science and culture na hindi mo pa nadidiskubre.”

Sex: Male
“Yes, because you will get more about the planets or the satellites that is

travel in the universe to see or experiment.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, because they will learn and know a lot of things inside and national

Planetarium is so creative dahil sa mga view na nasa loob ng gallery.”

Sex: Female
“Yes. It’s affordable and we can learn a lot from it.

Sex: Male
“Yes, I would recommend mainly because it's fun experience and a lot

history that you will learn from it.”

Sex: Female
“I would recommend it to other students especially Senior High School

students because some of them not have enough knowledge about the

galaxy we are living.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, for those students who likes planets and stars I'm sure that they

would love to visit there.”

 31

Sex: Female
“Yes, for attraction but not for educational site.”

Sex: Female

“Yes, because it has a lesson to be learned and have a new learning also

because of the charts that are posted in the wall that has written a meaning

that I already understand now.”

Sex: Female
“Yes, I would definitely recommend them to visit National Planetarium

because it’s very affordable and they can obtain new information.”

Sex: Female
“Yes. Talagang irrecommend ko ito sa iba dahil makikita mo ang

kagandahan sa loob at mga idea na kanilang binibigay sa mga tao. At

irreccommend ko ito lalo na sa mga interesado dito o hilig sa mga bagay

na tulad sa National Planetarium.”

Sex: Female
“Yes. It was very educational and I would love to share that knowledge to

students who are interested to what the National Planetarium can offer.”

Sex: Male

“I would definitely recommend it to other SHS to visit the National

Planetarium so they can know more about the solar system.”

 32

Sex: Female
“Yes, because I think that other students would enjoy and obtain new

information. It is also very affordable. It is simple but it will definitely

give a memorable experience.”

The respondents’ explanation of their answer differs from each other and each

statement made by the respondents will be summarized in the next chapter.

CHAPTER 5

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of the findings, conclusions of the results and

the corresponding recommendations for the study. This study was taken with the general

objective of determining the perception of Senior High School Students on the National

Planetarium as an educational site.

Specifically this study sought to answer the following questions: (1) What is the

perception of Senior High School students on the National Planetarium as an educational

site?, (2) Does the Senior High School students view the National Planetarium as an

educational site?, (3) Why was the National Planetarium viewed/not viewed as an

educational site?

Summary of the Findings

 33

1. The observation of the respondents on the 7 characteristics of an educational site:

To summarize the answers on questions nos. 1 to 7, based on the respondents'

answer, it shows that 100% of the respondents observed characteristic no. 1), 94.44%

observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 2), 94.44% observed and 5.56%

did not observe characteristic no. 3), 94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe

characteristic no. 4), 94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 5),

94.44% observed and 5.56% did not observe characteristic no. 6), 77.78% observed and

22.22% did not observe characteristic no. 7), which shows that most of these respondents

observed every characteristic of an educational site in the National Planetarium.

2. What is your view on the National Planetarium as an Educational Site?

According to the result of the respondent, Senior High School students view it as

an educational site for the students and other people that would like to learn more about

the universe.

3. Do you view the National Planetarium as an Educational Site?

According to the respondents, Senior High School viewed the National

Planetarium as an Educational Site because It educate people about the universe, planets

and many more and the National Planetarium uses different strategies like viewing

visuals to improve the knowledge of the student.

4. Would you recommend visiting the National Planetarium to other Senior High School

students?
 34

According to the respondents 100% of our total respondent says they will

recommend national planetarium to other senior high school students because they will

have a great, fun, cool and amazing experience, it really feels outside the world. they will

have a depth knowledge and they will learn a lot of things, a great place for the students

who loves solar system.

Conclusion

Based on the findings derived from this study, the following conclusions were

drawn:

1. What is the perception of Senior High School students on the National

Planetarium as an educational site?

In conclusion, the respondents who visited the National Planetarium and

answered the questionnaire shows that all of the respondents agreed that the

National Planetarium is educational and it is a great educational site for some

students who do not have enough about outer space and the solar system.

2. Does the Senior High School students view the National Planetarium as an

educational site?

According to the result the respondent who visited the National

Planetarium and answered the questionnaire shows that all of the respondents

agreed that the National Planetarium is an educational site because it educate

people about the universe planets and many more and the National

Planetarium uses different strategies like viewing visuals.

3. Why was the National Planetarium not viewed/viewed as an educational site?

In conclusion, based on the answers of the respondents, the National

 35

Planetarium is viewed as educational site because most of the respondents

observed the characteristics of an educational site on the National Planetarium.

The respondent also said in their explanations that the National Planetarium is an

educational site because of its ability to give knowledge to people.

Recommendations

Recommendations and suggestions are offered, based on the research results and

findings so with the help of our study and based on findings the researchers can give the

following:

For the National Planetarium

 The National Planetarium was just recently upgraded and still need more

improvement to the said lacking information and exhibits.

 Exhibits are very pleasing but needs more development or improvement to

show people other information about Astronomy and Cosmology.

For the Students and Adults

 Visiting the National Planetarium is affordable and it is very easy to get

there. It has no age limit and it is not just for students but also for adults

who want to visit the National Planetarium and have interest in learning

about Astronomy and Cosmology.

For Future Researchers

 For future researchers, we recommend you to be more focused on your

said research and make sure to choose or pick knowledgeable, appropriate,

 36

and interested respondents for deeper and promising answers when

gathering data.

 The researchers recommend that if they will have a research related to this

topic, make sure to commit a lot of time to your research. Have an early

preparation in doing this and put your outmost effort to it.

References

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life. Essay on Education. Retrieved from https://buyessayfriend.com/essay-on-education

Legarda, L. & Binay, M.L.N. (2016, July 28) & Savellano, D.V (2016, Aug. 22) An Act

Strengthening the National Museum of the Philippines, Repealing for the Purpose

Republic Act No. 8492. National Museum of the Philippines Act of 2016. p. 1-2,

Retrieved from www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB03201.pdf

Estrera-Balce, M. (1995). Case Studies of Children's Museum as Bases for a

Developmental Model for Science Museums

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Vibora, N.B. (1998). Perception of Social Studies Secondary Students of the Laguna

College of Arts and Trades on Selected Museums in the Province of Laguna: An Analysis

Seyma, A. & Unsal, U.T. (2017, Mar. 10). Planetarium as A Source of Outdoor Learning

Environment. academicJournals. Retrieved from http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR

Thornburgh, W.R. (2017). The Role of the Planetarium in Students’ Attitudes, Learning,

and Thinking About Astronomical Concepts

Rusk, J. (2003). Do Science Demonstrations in the Planetarium Enhance Learning?

National Museum Planetarium. (2014, Feb. 10). Retrieved from

http://nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Museums%20and%20Branches/

Planet.html

Vibar, I.J. (2017, Mar. 26). 5 reasons to visit the reopened National Planetarium.

Retrieved from https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/03/26/17/5-reasons-to-visit-the-reopened-

national-planetarium

Leaño, R. (2017, July 5). National Planetarium: Go On A Cosmic Tour This Weekend.

Retrieved from http://primer.com.ph/travel/2017/07/05/national-planetarium-go-on-a-

cosmic-tour-this-weekend/

Rosie, W. (2010, Nov. 25). What You Can Learn on a Visit to a Planetarium. Retrieved

from http://ezinearticles.com/?What-You-Can-Learn-on-a-Visit-to-a-

Planetarium&id=5448008
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Lasin, G. (2019, Jan. 15). ICYMI: The National Museum Planetarium reopens to the

pvblic. Retrieved from

https://wethepvblic.com/national-museum-planetarium/#.XKR565gzbIU

Ethics, Standards, and Professional Practices. Retrieved from

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standards-for-museums/

Appendix

Survey Questionnaire

Perception of the Senior High School Students on the National Planetarium as an

Educational Site

Name:________________________________________________ Age:____ Sex:____

School:________________________________________Grade/Strand:_____________

Check the box if the following characteristic of an educational site is observed or not
observed:
Characteristics Observed Unobserved
 39

asserts its public service role and places education at the

center of that role

owns exhibits, or uses collections that are appropriate to

its mission

clearly states its overall educational goals, philosophy,

and messages, and demonstrates that its activities are in
alignment with them

understands the characteristics and needs of its existing

and potential audiences and uses this understanding to
inform its interpretation

uses techniques, technologies, and methods appropriate to

its educational goals, content, audiences, and resources

presents accurate and appropriate content for each of its

audiences

demonstrates consistent high quality in its interpretive

activities

8. What is your view on the National Planetarium as an educational site?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________

9. Do you view the National Planetarium as an educational site? How?

________________________________________________________________________
 40

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________

10. Would you recommend visiting the National Planetarium to other Senior High School
students? Why?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________