ANALYSIS

INSTRUMENTAL

Student: Iris Irlanda Arellano González

Dr. JOLA E. MARSZALEK
 HOMEWORK IR
1. Lear more about ATR technique and list its benefits. List them.(3pnt)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0evGXCK-sY
ATR IS A UNIVERSAL TECHNIQUE
spectral quality is almost independent from sample material, size and shape
no elaborate sampling efforts are needed to acquire spectral of good quality
Analyze solids, liquids and paste without dilution or extra preparation steps
Cleaning ATR accessories is particularly easy
Excellent sample-to-sample reproducibility
Minimal operator-induced variations
THE BIGGERS BENEFITS
High quality spectral
No sampling required
Easy to use ,easy to clean
Small amount of sample needed
TO KEEP IN MIND
Atr only investigates the sample surface and homogeneity is important
Special crystalmaterials should be used for certain applications
Spectra have to be treate for comparison whith transmission spectra

2. CO2 issue – What is it? Why does it influence our analysis? (3pnts)
3. Explain application of IR spectroscopy (2pnts)
Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of
the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission or reflection. It is
used to study and identify chemical substances or functional groups in solid, liquid or gas
form.
SOME EXCITING APPLICATIONS
Forensical investigations
Reaction monitoring
Cannabinoid differentiation
And of course routine analysis of raw material and finished products

4. Shortly describe the methods for measurement of different states of samples (6pnts)
Gaseous samples: require a sample cell with a long path to compensate for dilution.
The length of the sample cell path depends on the concentration of the compound of
interest.
Solid sample: can be prepared in various ways. A common method is to grind the
sample with an oily grinding agent (usually Nujol mineral oil). A thin film of mull is
applied to salt plates and measured. The second method involves finely grinding a
quantity of the sample with a specially purified salt (usually potassium bromide) (to
remove the scattering effects of large crystals).
 Liquid sample: they can be intercalated between two plates of a salt (commonly sodium
chloride or common salt, although various other salts are also used, such as potassium
bromide or calcium fluoride). The plates are transparent to infrared light and do not
introduce lines in the spectra.
5. Draw the six main modes of CH2 vibrations and the frequencies they occur at (6pnts)
The atoms of a group, which are commonly found in organic compounds and where they
can represent any other atom, can vibrate in nine different ways. Six of these vibrations
involve only the CH2 portion: two stretching modes (ν): symmetric (νs) and antisymmetric
(νas); and four bending modes: scissor (δ), sway (ρ), wiggle (ω), and torsion (τ)

6. Match compound with a spectrum, explain your choice: what bands prove it (8pnts)

7. Match compound with a spectrum, explain your choice: what bands prove it (8pnts)
 CH
bend
Tension o-h banda
Tension c-
CCL3
ancha por puentes de h
CHstretch
stretch
o(1030cm-
(3500-3200) 1)

Ch3 bend
Bandas de
combinacion
(monosustituido)
Ch2 bend

Tension-c=c- Sp3 c-h stretch

Tension=C-H 1605y1496cm
3000-3100
-1 Flexion=c-h oop
696 y 729 cm-1
(monosustituido)

chloroform C
Ethanol A
Mineral oil D
benzene B
 CH2

C=O

C=O

Sobretono
CH
tension C=O
OH

Flexion C-CO-
C(1223CM-1)
Tension C=O
(1715cm-1)

2827-2725
c-h stetches

2976 C-
H
STRETC

1731
C=O Tension O-H banda
stretch ancha por puentes de
H(3500-3200cm-1)
Tension de
c=o (1200cm-
1)

phenol D
2-butanone C
Lauric acid A
butelaldehyde B