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Objective
Objective
(COMPLEX OBJECT)
1. Complex Object consists of a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the
objective case and either an infinitive or participle I or II, e.g.
Aunt Polly wanted Tom to whitewash the fence. (Tom – a noun in the common
case; to whitewash – an infinitive) = Тетя Полли хотела, чтобы Том побелил
забор. / Тітка Поллі хотіла, щоб Том побілив паркан.
Heck saw him whitewashing the fence. (him – a pronoun in the objective case;
whitewashing – Participle I) = Гек видел, как он белил забор. / Гек бачив, як він
білив паркан.
2. Complex Object is used only after certain verbs. The general formula of this
structure is like this:
a certain notional verb + noun / pronoun + infinitive / participle I / II
3. The verbs that are followed by complex object can be divided into several
groups.
COMPLETED ACTION
Active Passive
bare non-perfect active infinitive Participle II
Ida felt Simon kiss her on the cheek. = Ida saw Simon kissed on the cheek. =
Ида почувствовала, как Саймон Ида видела, как Саймона поцеловали
поцеловал ее в щеку. / Іда відчула, як в щеку. / Іда бачила, як Саймона
Саймон поцілував її в щоку. поцілували в щоку.
ACTION IN PROGRESS
Active Passive
Participle I - non-perfect active Participle I - non-perfect passive
Ida felt Simon kissing her on the cheek. Ida saw Simon being kissed on the
= Ида чувствовала, как Саймон cheek. = Ида видела, как Саймона
целовал ее в щеку. / Ида відчула, як целовали в щеку. / Ида бачила, як
Саймон цілував її в щоку. Саймона цілували в щоку.
My parents always liked Mr. Nelson to sing at their parties. = Моим родителям
всегда нравилось, когда Миссис Нельсон пела на их вечерах. / Моїм батькам
завжди подобалося, коли Місіс Нельсон співала на їхніх вечорах.
The teacher did not mean the students to learn the poem by heart. = Учитель не
имел в виду, что студенты должны выучить это стихотворение наизусть. /
Учитель не мав на увазі, що студенти повинні вивчити цей вірш напам'ять.
Papa intended me to go with him to the park. (very formal, old-fashioned) =
Папа хотел (имел намерение), чтобы я пошла с ним в парк. / Тато хотів (мав
намір), щоб я пішла з ним у парк.
2. To express an action in the Passive Voice non-perfect passive infinitive is
used, e.g.
Aunt Petunia wanted Harry to be punished by Mr. Dursley. = Тетя Петунья
хотела, чтобы Гарри был наказан Мистером Дурсли. / Тітка Петунія хотіла,
щоб Гаррі був покараний Містером Дурслі.
Mary hated her children to be spoilt by their relatives. = Мэри терпеть не могла,
когда родственники баловали ее детей. / Мері терпіти не могла, коли родичі
розпещували її дітей.
3. Some of these verbs can be also followed by the gerund, e.g.
Jenny's mother hates her staying out late. = Jenny's mother hates her to stay out
late. = Мать Дженни очень не любит, когда ее дочь поздно приходит домой
(гуляет допоздна). / Мати Дженні дуже не любить, коли її дочка пізно
приходить додому (гуляє допізна).
4. Sometimes the verb to want (with the additional the meaning of ‘to allow’) and
the verb to like are used with Participle I, e.g.
I don’t want you talking back to me. = Я не позволю тебе дерзить. / Я не
дозволю тобі грубити.
They didn’t like me leaving so early. = Они не хотели, чтобы я уходила так
рано. / Вони не хотіли, щоб я йшла так рано.
5. In rare cases, perfect infinitive can be used to show the priority of actions, e.g.
I hated him to have been sent away. = Я очень сожалела, что его отослали. /
Мені було дуже шкода, що його відіслали.
1. The verbs ‘to make’, ‘to force’, ‘to urge’, ‘to get’, ‘to cause’ and ‘ to have’ are
used in the meaning of ‘to induce’ – «заставлять»
What caused her to change her mind? = Что заставило ее изменить свое
мнение? / Що змусило її змінити свою думку?
I couldn't get the engine to start. = Я не мог заставить двигатель завестись. / Я
не міг змусити двигун завестися.
The photo makes her look much older than she really is. = Эта фотография
делает ее старше, чем она есть. / Ця фотографія робить її старшою, ніж вона
є.
2. The verbs ‘to make’ and ‘to have’ are used with bare infinitive and the others –
with ‘to-infinitive’. Compare:
Bare infinitive
- to make, e.g. The teacher made the students revise the rules before the test. =
Учитель заставил студентов повторить правила перед тестом. / Учитель
змусив студентів повторити правила перед тестом.
- to have, e.g. Aunt Polly had Tom whitewash the fence. = Тетя Поли заставила
Тома побелить забор. / Тітка Поли змусила Тома побілити паркан.
To-infinitive
- to force, e.g. It infected his spine and forced him to spend months in bed. = Это
инфицировало рану на позвоночнике и заставило его провести несколько
месяцев в постели. / Це інфікувало рану на хребті й змусило його провести
декілька місяців у ліжку.
- to induce, e.g. Nothing would induce me to vote for him again. = Ничто не
заставит меня голосовать за него снова. / Ніщо не змусить мене голосувати за
нього знову.
- to get, e.g. Can you get your students to return these books to the library right
now? = Вы можете заставить ваших студентов вернуть эти книги в
библиотеку прямо сейчас? / Ви можете змусити ваших студентів повернути
ці книги в бібліотеку прямо зараз?
- to cause, e.g. Mother caused a telegram to be sent to my brother immediately. =
Мать распорядилась, чтобы телеграмма была послана брату немедленно. /
Мати розпорядилася, щоб телеграма була відправлена братові негайно.
- to urge, e.g. I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch. = Я получил
записку от Мойры, в которой она настоятельно просила меня срочно с ней
связаться. / Я одержав записку від Мойри, у якій вона наполегливо просила
мене терміново з нею зв'язатися.
1. After all these verbs, with the exception of the verb ‘to let’ the infinitive is
always used with the particle ‘to’.
2. Only non-perfect infinitive (both active and passive) is used after these verbs,
e.g.
The teacher allowed the students to hand in their papers on Monday. = Учитель
разрешил студентам сдать работы в понедельник. / Учитель дозволив
студентам здати роботи в понеділок.
Lola would not permit herself to look at Peter again. = Лола больше не
позволяла себе смотреть на Питера. / Лола більше не дозволяла собі дивитися
на Пітера.
The manager ordered the spare parts to be replaced. = Менеджер приказал
заменить запасные части. / Менеджер наказав замінити запасні частини.
We want to encourage more children to use the library. = Мы хотим
содействовать тому, чтобы больше детей посещало нашу библиотеку. / Ми
хочемо сприяти тому, щоб більше дітей відвідувало нашу бібліотеку.
Teachers need to find ways to persuade more parents to attend parent-teacher
evenings. = Учителям надо найти способы, чтобы убедить большее
количество родителей посещать родительские собрания. / Вчителям треба
знайти способи, щоб переконати більшу кількість батьків відвідувати
батьківські збори.
3. The verb ‘to let’ is followed only by bare infinitive, e.g.
Some people let their kids do whatever they like. = Некоторые люди
разрешают своим детям делать все, что им вздумается. / Деякі люди
дозволяють своїм дітям робити все, що їм заманеться.
The mother let the boys eat more sweets after dinner. = Мать разрешила
мальчикам съесть еще конфет после обеда. / Мати дозволила хлопчикам
з'їсти ще цукерок після обіду.
TASK 2. Answer the questions using complex object after the verbs of sense
perception. Use the verbs suggested. Follow the example.
Example. Was Vysotsky a good actor? (see) – Yes, I think he was. I saw him act in
"Hamlet" and I liked him immensely. / I have no idea. I have never seen him act/
acting.
1. Is Madonna a good singer? (to hear)
2. Is Michael Jackson a good dancer? (to see)
3. Is Yana Klochkova a good swimmer? (to watch)
4. Is Margaret Thatcher a good speaker? (to hear)
5. Is your grandpa a good story-teller? (to watch)
6. Was Oksana Bayul a good skater? (to see)
7. Is Andrey Shevchenko a good football-player? (to watch)
8. Is Harry Kasparov a good chess player? (to watch)
9. Is your new French teacher a good professional? (to observe)
10. Is your granny a good cook? (to watch)
11. Has your sister (brother) got green fingers? (to see / to plant)
12. Is your neighbour good with his hands? (to see)
TASK 3. Change the sentences below so that to use complex object after the
verbs of mental activity. Follow the example.
Example. I didn't think they would come. – I didn't expect them to come.
1. I think Samantha is quite young.
2. I thought Derek would keep his promise.
3. I didn't think Frank would learn the poem by heart.
4. I thought Dana would go to the concert.
5. I think you mustn't speak like that.
6. I didn't think Nicola would leave for the North.
7. I thought he would do it at once.
8. I thought you would call on me on Sunday.
9. I don't think Pamela is a good dancer.
TASK 4. Answer the questions below. Use the verbs of inducement and the
words suggested. Follow the example.
Example. Did you write a letter to your aunt yesterday? – Yes, my mum made me
write it at last.
1. Did your brother do his homework on Friday? (my dad)
2. Have you been going out a lot lately? (my sister)
3. Have you peeled the potatoes yet? (my granny)
4. Have you taken the pills yet? (the doctor)
5. Did you finish your paper before the deadline? (the teacher)
6. Did you buckle the safety belts on the plane? (the air hostess)
7. Why have you switched the channels on TV? (my brother)
8. It was very cold yesterday. Did you put on your sweater? (my room mate)
9. Have you learnt the poem by heart yet? (the teacher)
10. Why did you wake up so early today? (my parrot)
TASK 5. Write special questions to the sentences given below. Use the verbs of
inducement and the words suggested. Follow the example.
Example. Barbara went to Scotland this summer. (What?) – What do you think
made her go there?
Barry is suffering from a bad toothache. (Why?) – Why don’t you make him go to
the dentist?
1. The child took the bitter medicine after all. (Who?)
2. Victor went out without his warm coat on. (Why?)
3. My aunt returned from her business trip two days earlier than she had planned.
(What?)
4. Mrs. Percy’s daughter never helps her about the house. (Why?)
5. I saw Jim making faces at the Geography teacher. (Why?)
6. This dress looks too old-fashioned. (What?)
7. My brother sits up far too late into the night. (What?)
8. Susan says she doesn’t like her new job. (What?)
9. Henry refused to go on holiday with us. (What?)
10. Green doesn’t become you. Why do you wear it? (What?)
11. Mrs. Bond’s son is so lazy that it drives her mad. (Why?)
12. A big dog barked at the baby and he cried. (What?)
13. Barbara has given up smoking. (What?)
TASK 6. Translate the sentences given below into English using either infinitive
or participle in complex object wherever possible.
№ Russian Ukrainian