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Management Planning Process

Manajemen (Universitas Terbuka)

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Management Planning Process

Planning is the selection of a set of activities and the subsequent decision what to do, when, how, and by
whom.

The benefit of planning is that it helps management adapt to a changing environment.

 Helping management adapt to a changing environment.
 Help clarify key issues that need to be adjusted and resolved.
 Clarify managers in understanding the overall picture of operations.
 Help define responsibilities more precisely.
 Explain how to give orders in operation.
 Makes it easier to coordinate.
 Make goals more specific, detailed and easier to understand.
 Minimize uncertain work.
 Save time, effort and funds.

Planning Weaknesses
 The work involved in planning may be too much of a real contribution.
 Planning tends to delay activities.
 Planning is sometimes too restrictive for management to take initiative and innovate.
 Sometimes the best results come from the situation and handling the problem when it occurs.
 There are plans followed in inconsistent ways.

Basic Planning Stage

 Setting Goals.
 Formulating the Present Situation.
 Identify conveniences and barriers.
 Developing Activities.

5 Basic Classification Plans

1. Functional Field.
2. Organizational Level.
3. Nature of the Plan.
4. Time.
5. Plan Elements.

Two Types of Plans

1. Strategic Plan
Designed to meet a broader organizational goal—implementing the mission that provides the
organization's unique reason for existence.
2. Operational Plan
A more detailed description of how the strategic plan will be achieved
Two types of operational plans:
 Disposable Plan

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A one-time plan is a detailed set of activities that is unlikely to repeat itself in the same form
in the future.
Main Types of Disposable Plans:
A. Program
A program refers to several projects that are managed and implemented as a package or
series.
Program Show:
- There are main steps to achieve the goal.
- There are responsibilities of members or units.
- There is a sequence and time for each step.
B. Project
A project is a more specific and singular plan to deliver concrete results.
C. Budget.
Reports of financial resources prepared for certain activities within a certain period of
time.

 Fixed Plan
A Standing Plan is an ongoing plan that provides guidelines for activities that are performed
repeatedly.
What the fixed plan includes:
A. Policy
Policies are a series of concepts and principles that serve as guidelines and the basis for
plans in carrying out a job, leadership, and how to act.
Reason for Policy Determination:
- Improve organizational effectiveness.
- The organization reflects the values of the organization.
- Clear up any conflicts or confusion that occur at lower levels.
B. Procedure
Procedures are policies that are implemented with detailed guidelines
- Saves managerial effort.
- Facilitate delegation of authority and assignment of responsibilities.
- Leads to more efficient operating methods.
- Easy supervision.
- Allows for personnel savings.
- Assist in coordinating activities.

Ruleis a statement (stipulation) that a certain activity should or should not be carried out in certain
situations.

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