IT2106

Task Performance
Processes
Objectives:

At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:

▪ Distinguish operating system components that are needed to control processes and manage resources;
and
▪ Assess the control structure of an operating system and its processes

Instructions:
Part 1 (3 items x 5 points)
1. Recall the details about the kernel components of a Windows operating system (OS). Based on the
figure below, select three (3) kernel components that you think are the most significant in terms of
process control.
• I/O Manager because it provides a framework through which I/O devices are
accessible to applications.

• Cache manager because it improves the performance of file based I/O by

allowing recently referenced file data to reside in the main memory for quick
access.

• Virtual memory manager because manages virtual addresses, physical memory,

and paging files on a disk.

2. Give one (1) sample process that can be executed by each kernel component you have selected.
Explain each sample process relative to its corresponding process control structure. Perform additional
research if necessary.

• I/O MANAGER - The Windows kernel-mode I/O manager manages the communication
between applications and the interfaces provided by device drivers. Because devices
operate at speeds that may not match the operating system, the communication
between the operating system and device drivers is primarily done through I/O request
packets (IRPs). These packets are like network packets or Windows message packets.
They are passed from operating system to specific drivers and from one driver to
another.
• CACHE MANAGER - Cache is a type of memory that is used to increase the speed of
data access. Normally, the data required for any process resides in the main memory.
However, it is transferred to the cache memory temporarily if it is used frequently
enough. If a process needs some data, it first searches in the cache memory. If the
data is available in the cache, this is termed as a cache hit and the data is accessed as
required. If the data is not in the cache, then it is termed as a cache miss. Then the data
is obtained from the main memory. After that the data is transferred to the cache
memory under the assumption that it will be needed again.
• VIRTUAL MEMORY MANAGER - In today’s scenario, the concept of Virtual Memory is
quite common. Virtual Memory is used when pages need to be loaded in the Main
memory, but there is no availability of memory for the pages. So, in this situation,
instead of avoiding pages to enter the Main Memory, the operating system finds the
space for RAM (Random Access Memory) which are slightest used in the current time
or, which are not referenced into the secondary storage for the purpose of creating the
space for the new pages into the Main memory.

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 IT2106

Part 2 (60 points)

Select a computing device or a gadget (i.e., smartphone, tablet, and laptop) that you currently have access to.
Then, answer the following items:
a. What is the operating system of the device? (2 points)
My operating system is “Operating System: Windows 10 Home Single Language 64-bit (10.0,
Build 19042) (19041.vb_release.191206-1406)”

b. What is the total memory capacity (RAM) of the device? (2 points)

Memory: 8192MB RAM

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c. What is the available or remaining memory capacity (RAM) of the device? (2 points)
Available OS Memory: 6092MB RAM

d. Enumerate five (5) running application processes in the device. Select applications that consume high
memory utilization. Indicate the memory allocation for each process. (5 items x 2 points)

• Google Chrome - 591.7 MB

• Microsoft Teams – 398.2 MB
• Microsoft Word - 93.1 MB
• Spotify - 85.6 MB
• Avast Software Analyzer - 57.1 MB

e. Enumerate five (5) running background processes or system processes in the device. Select processes
that consume high memory utilization. Indicate the memory allocation for each process. (5 items x 2
points)

• Desktop Window Manager – 26.8 MB

• Avast antivirus – 18. 9 MB
• Epic Game Launcher – 16.2 MB
• Microsoft OneDrive – 10.2 MB
• McAfee – 6.5 MB

f. Which has higher memory utilization in your device, the background/system processes, or the
application processes? Briefly explain the condition of processes in your device to support your answer.
(Essay: 5 points)

As you can see, based on my answer on the previous question and based on the screenshot, the
application processes have higher memory utilization.

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g. Give three (3) possible ways to connect your device to other devices. Describe each in one (1) sentence.
(3 items x 3 points)

First is via Bluetooth, the most typical way to use Bluetooth is to connect two devices,
such as a pair of headphones and a smartphone or laptop. This makes it possible to connect
without using any wires. Bluetooth connection in this method is well-established and simple to
accomplish, but networks may also be created. This feature has existed since the birth of
Bluetooth, but it has been improved in Bluetooth 5 to support a wide range
of applications. The Bluetooth specification specifies several different types of Bluetooth
network connections that can be established. Bluetooth networking is thus a highly adaptable
type of wireless technology for a wide range of short-range applications.

Via hotspot, you can use your phone's mobile data to connect another phone, tablet, or
computer to the internet. Sharing a connection this way is called tethering or using a hotspot.
Some phones can share Wi-Fi connection by tethering. Most Android phones can share mobile
data by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or USB

Via third party app, as a streamer, I am using a third-party app to mirror my mobile
screen to my desktop, with that I can project what’s happening on my mobile device to OBS
studio then it is published in Facebook or any streaming platform

h. Does the process of connecting your device to other devices create new processes? Why or why not?
(Essay: 5 points)

In that case, Bluetooth and hotspot does not create new processes, only when I am using a
third-party app creates new process.

i. What are the possible effects of ending (force stop) multiple processes in your device? Elaborate on
your answer. (Essay: 5 points)

Based on my experience, one time I am playing NBA 2k20 on my laptop, then suddenly I
experienced lag, latency and dropped frames, so that I decided to close some unnecessary
application. I opened task manager and chose any random app, then I clicked epic games
launcher, then when I came back to NBA App it suddenly crashed. I think the reason why it
crashed is when I forced stop the epic game launcher.

j. Describe the functionality of your device in the less-privileged mode. (Essay: 5 points)

From the word itself less-privileged, as user applications are generally executed in this mode, the less-
privileged mode is sometimes referred to as the user mode. System mode, control mode, or kernel
mode are all terms for the more privileged mode. This last phrase refers to the kernel of the operating
system, which is the part of the operating system that contains all of the key system functions.

k. Identify at least two (2) ways on how you can terminate processes in your device and briefly describe
each. (Essay: 5 points)

The easiest way is to click the x button on the upper right corner of the app or process. In case
that it is minimized, you can right click the logo/icon of the app then click close window and it
will automatically close or terminate. Another way is to open the task manager, select the app
or process that you want to end, right click, and then click “end task”.
Note: If you are evaluating a smartphone, you might have to enable the Developer Mode/Developer Options of the device.

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