JawapanKeseluruhan 1

JAWAPAN
2.
f(x)
Fungsi dan Persamaan Kuadratik dalam
BAB 1 Satu Pemboleh Ubah
1.1 Fungsi dan Persamaan Kuadratik (–5, 0)

x
O
A 1. Bukan kerana terdapat kuasa bagi x yang bukan nombor bulat.
Not because there is power of x that is not a whole number.
2. Ungkapan kuadratik
A quadratic expression
3. Bukan kerana kuasa terbesar bagi x ialah 3. Titik maksimum
Not because the highest power of x is 3. Maximum point
4. Ungkapan kuadratik Persamaan paksi simetri:
A quadratic expression Equation of axis of symmetry:
5. Bukan kerana terdapat kuasa bagi x yang bukan nombor bulat. 5
Not because there is power of x that is not a whole number. x=–
2
E 1. Bentuk graf ialah , maka p mestilah positif, p . 0.
B a b c
Shape of graph is , thus p must be positive, p . 0.
1. –1 0 –5 Graf g(x) lebih lebar daripada f(x), maka p , 8.
2. –3 5 4 Graph g(x) is wider than f(x), thus p , 8.
\ 0 , p , 8
3. 3 7 0
– 2. Bentuk graf ialah , a , 0, maka p . 0.
2
4. 2 –8 15 Shape of graph is , a , 0, thus p . 0.
Graf g(x) lebih lebar daripada f(x), maka p , 9.
5. 2 –10 0
Graph g(x) is wider than f(x), thus p , 9.
\ 0 , p , 9
C Nilai a Bentuk graf Titik minimum / maksimum F 1. (a)

Value of a Shape of graph Minimum / Maximum point y
Titik maksimum
1. –5
Maximum point
f(x) = x 2
1 Titik minimum
2.
4 Minimum point
x
Titik maksimum O
3. –0.5
Maximum point
D 1. f(x) = x 2 + 6x
f(x)

4
(b)
y
2
f(x) = x 2
x
O 5 10 15 20
x
Titik maksimum O
Maximum point
Persamaan paksi simetri:
Equation of axis of symmetry: f(x) = x 2 – 10x
x=7

1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Matematik Tingkatan 4 Jawapan
2. (a) 2.
y f(x)
10
f(x) = –x 2 + 4x
x x = –0.5 x=4
O
x
–2 O 2 4
f(x) = –x 2 –5
(b) 1
J 1. Apabila / When x = – ,
y 2
Kiri / Left: Kanan / Right:
f(x) = –x 2 – 9x 4x2 + 8x – 5 0
1 2 1 Kiri ≠ Kanan
= 4 –
2 1+8–
2 2 – 5 1 2
Left ≠ Right
= –8
x 1
O Maka, x = – bukan punca bagi persamaan itu.
2
f(x) = –x 2 1
Thus, x = – is not a root of the equation.
2
5
Apabila / When x = – ,
2
Kiri / Left: Kanan / Right:
G 1. (a) c = 3
4x2 + 8x – 5 0
(b) –7 = –2(4)2 + 5(4) + c 5 2 5 Kiri = Kanan
–7 = –12 + c = 4 –
2 1
+8–
2 2
– 5 1 2
Left = Right
c = 5 = 0
(c) (0, –11) berada di paksi-y. 5
Maka, x = – ialah punca bagi persamaan itu.
(0, –11) lies on the y-axis. 2
\ c = –11 5
Thus, x = – is a root of the equation.
2
1
H 1. (a) A =
× (14x + 26)(12x – 5)
2 2. Apabila / When x = 7,
1 Kiri / Left: Kanan / Right:
= × (168x2 – 70x + 312x – 130)
2 x2 – 3x – 18 10
1 = 72 – 3(7) – 18
= × (168x2 + 242x – 130) Kiri = Kanan
2 = 10 Left = Right
= 84x2 + 121x – 65
Maka, x = 7 ialah punca bagi persamaan itu.
(b) 84x2 + 121x – 65 = 1 538 Thus, x = 7 is a root of the equation.
84x2 + 121x – 1 603 = 0
Apabila / When x = –3,
I 1. Kiri / Left: Kanan / Right:
x2 – 3x – 18 10
f(x)
x = –2 x = 0.5 = (–3)2 – 3(–3) – 18 Kiri ≠ Kanan
x = 0 Left ≠ Right
–3 –2 –1 O 1 Maka, x = –3 bukan punca bagi persamaan itu.
Thus, x = –3 is not a root of the equation.
–1
K 1. (a)
–2 (x – 1) x –1 –x
(x + 4) x 4 4x
–3 x2 –4 +3x +

(x – 1)(x + 4) = 0
x – 1 = 0 atau / or x + 4 = 0
x = 1 x = –4
© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2

(b) L 1. (a) 4x(x – 2) = 5

(x – 5) x –5 –5x 4x2 – 8x = 5
(x – 7) x –7 –7x 4x2 – 8x – 5 = 0
x2 –35 –12x + (2x – 5)(2x + 1) = 0
5 1
x = atau / or x = –
(x – 5)(x – 7) = 0 2 2
x – 5 = 0 atau / or x – 7 = 0 (b) p(p + 1) – 12 = 0
x = 5 x = 7 p2 + p – 12 = 0
(p – 3)(p + 4) = 0
2. (a) p = 3 atau / or p = –4
(x – 4) x –4 –4x
(x – 2) x –2 –2x 2. (a) 5 – 23x = x + 5x2
5 – 23x – x – 5x2 = 0
x2 +8 –6x + –5x2 – 24x + 5 = 0

5x2 + 24x – 5 = 0
(x – 4)(x – 2) = 0
(5x – 1)(x + 5) = 0
x – 4 = 0 atau / or x – 2 = 0
1
x = 4 x = 2 x = atau / or x = –5
5
(b) x2 + 15 = 8x (b) 3y2 = 2(y – 1) + 7
x2 – 8x + 15 = 0 3y2 = 2y – 2 + 7
3y2 = 2y + 5
(x – 5) x –5 –5x
3y2 – 2y – 5 = 0
(x – 3) x –3 –3x
(3y – 5)(y + 1) = 0
x2 +15 –8x + 5
y = atau / or y = –1
3
(x – 5)(x – 3) = 0
x – 5 = 0 atau / or x – 3 = 0 3. (a) (y – 4)2 = 2y – 5
x = 5 x = 3 y2 – 8y + 16 = 2y – 5
y2 – 8y – 2y + 16 + 5 = 0
3. (a) 2x 1 x
(2x + 1) y2 – 10y + 21 = 0
(x – 1) x –1 –2x (y – 7)(y – 3) = 0
2x2 –1 –x + y = 7 atau / or y = 3
(2x + 1)(x – 1) = 0 (b) (2p – 1)2 + 10p = 5
2x + 1 = 0 atau / or x – 1 = 0 4p2 – 4p + 1 + 10p = 5
2x = –1 x = 1 4p2 + 6p – 4 = 0
1 (4p – 2)(p + 2) = 0
x = –
2 1
(b) p = atau / or p = –2
(5x – 3) 5x –3 –3x 2
(x + 4) x 4 20x 4x2 – 2
4. (a) = 1
5x –12
2
+17x + 7x
4x – 2 =
2
7x
(5x – 3)(x + 4) = 0 4x2 – 7x – 2 = 0
5x – 3 = 0 atau / or x + 4 = 0 (x – 2)(4x + 1) = 0
5x = 3 x = –4 1
3 x = 2 atau / or x = –
x = 4
5
2n2 + 5n
4. (a) (b) = 2
(5x – 4) 5x –4 –12x n+1
(3x + 1) 3x +1 +5x 2n + 5n = 2(n + 1)
2
15x2 –4 –7x + 2n2 + 5n = 2n + 2

2n2 + 5n – 2n – 2 = 0
(5x – 4)(3x + 1) = 0 2n2 + 3n – 2 = 0
5x – 4 = 0 atau / or 3x + 1 = 0 (2n – 1)(n + 2) = 0
4 1 1
x = x = – n = atau / or n = –2
5 3 2
(b)
(7x + 6) 7x 6 24x M 1. (a) a = 1 . 0, bentuk f(x)
(4x + 5) 4x 5 35x
c = –6,
28x2 30 59x +
pintasan-y / y-intercept = –6 x
(7x + 6)(4x + 5) = 0 –3 O 2
Apabila / When f(x) = 0,
7x + 6 = 0 atau / or 4x + 5 = 0 x2 + x – 6 = 0
7x = –6 4x = –5 (x + 3)(x – 2) = 0 –6
6 5
x = – x = – x = –3, x = 2
7 4

(b) a = –1 , 0, bentuk f(x) 4. (a) a = 1 . 0, bentuk

c = –8, x c = 4, pintasan-y / y-intecept = 4
O 2 4
pintasan-y / y-intercept = –8 Maka, titik minimum ialah (0, 4)
Apabila / When f(x) = 0, Thus, the minimum point is (0, 4)
–x2 + 6x – 8 = 0
(x – 4)(x – 2) = 0 –8
Apabila / When f(x) = 0,
x = 4, x = 2 x2 + 4 = 0
x2 = –4 (tiada punca / no roots)
Apabila / When x = 2,
2. (a) a = –1 , 0, bentuk f(2) = (2)2 + 4
f(x)
c = –16, = 8
pintasan-y / y-intercept = –16 x f(x)
–4 O
Apabila / When f(x) = 0. 8 (2, 8)
–x2 – 8x – 16 = 0
x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
–16 4
(x + 4)(x + 4) = 0
x = –4
x
O 2
(b) a = 1 . 0, bentuk f(x)

c = 25, (b) a = –1 , 0, bentuk
25
pintasan-y / y-intercept = 25 c = –1, pintasan-y / y-intecept = –1
Apabila / When f(x) = 0, Maka, titik maksimum ialah (0, –1)
x2 – 10x + 25 = 0
Thus, the maximum point is (0, –1)
(x – 5)(x – 5) = 0 x
x=5 O 5 Apabila / When f(x) = 0,
–x2 – 1 = 0
x2 = –1 (tiada punca / no roots)
3. (a) a = 1 . 0, bentuk
Apabila / When x = 2,
c = –64,
f(2) = –(2)2 – 1
pintasan-y / y-intercept = –64
= –5
Apabila / When f(x) = 0, f(x)
x2 – 64 = 0
(x + 8)(x – 8) = 0 x
O 2
x = –8, x = 8 –1
f(x)
x –5 (2, –5)
–8 O 8
N 1. Luas mural 1 Luas mural 2

–64
Area of mural 1 Area of mural 2
= (2x)(3x) = (5x – 4)(2x + 1)
= 6x2 = 10x2 + 5x – 8x – 4
(b) a = –2 , 0, bentuk = 10x2 – 3x – 4
c = 32, Beza / Difference = 6
pintasan-y / y-intercept = 32 10x2 – 3x – 4 – 6x2 = 6
4x2 – 3x – 10 = 0
Apabila / When f(x) = 0, (x – 2)(4x + 5) = 0
(tidak diterima)
–2x2 + 32 = 0 x = 2 , x = – 5 (not acceptable)
x2 – 16 = 0 4
(x + 4)(x – 4) = 0
2. Katakan lebar / Let width = x cm
x = –4, x = 4
dan panjang / and length = (x + 1) cm
f(x)
x(x + 1) = 42
32 x2 + x – 42 = 0
(x – 6)(x + 7) = 0
x – 6 = 0 atau / or x + 7 = 0
x = 6 x = –7 (tidak diterima / not acceptable)
x
–4 O 4

Panjang / Length = x + 1 3
=6+1
4. 1
(x + 7) x –
22 = 144.5
=7 3 21
x – x + 7x –
2
– 144.5 = 0
Maka, lebar = 6 cm dan panjang = 7 cm 2 2
Thus, width = 6 cm and length = 7 cm 11
x2 + x – 155 = 0
2
2x2 + 11x – 310 = 0
PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM (x – 10)(2x + 31) = 0
31
1. (x – 3)2 = 14 – 2x x = 10, x = – (tidak diterima / not acceptable)
2
x2 – 6x + 9 – 14 + 2x = 0
x2 – 4x – 5 = 0 Panjang kertas / Length of paper
(x – 5)(x + 1) = 0 = 10 + 7
x = 5 atau / or x = –1 = 17 cm
Diameter bulatan / Diameter of a circle
x –5 –5x = 17 ÷ 4
x 1 x = 4.25 cm
x2 –5 –4x
5. 20(x)(x + 2) = 1 600
2. a = 4 . 0, bentuk 20x2 + 40x – 1 600 = 0
x2 + 2x – 80 = 0
c = 3, pintasan-y / y-intercept = 3 (x – 8)(x + 10) = 0
Apabila / When f(x) = 0, x = 8, x = –10 (tidak diterima / not acceptable)
4x2 – 13x + 3 = 0 Maka, / Thus, x = 8
(x – 3)(4x – 1) = 0
1 2 x
x = 3, x = 6. = –
4 f(x) 2x – 3 x–3
2 –x
=
2x – 3 x–3
3
2(x – 3) = –x(2x – 3)
x 2x – 6 = –2x2 + 3x
O 1 3
– 2x2 + 2x – 3x – 6 = 0
4
2x2 – x – 6 = 0
(x – 2)(2x + 3) = 0
3
x = 2, x = –
PRAKTIS BERORIENTASIKAN SPM
SPM 2
1. Bentuk graf , maka a . 0 7. x2 + 14 = 3(3x – 2)

x2 + 14 = 9x – 6
Pintasan-y / y-intercept = –9
x2 – 9x + 14 + 6 = 0
Maka, / Thus, y = x2 – 9 x2 – 9x + 20 = 0
(x – 5)(x – 4) = 0
Jawapan / Answer: A
x = 5, x = 4
2. Bentuk graf , maka p , 0

8. (x + 2)2 = 18 – x

Shape of graph , thus p , 0 x2 + 4x + 4 – 18 + x = 0
Paksi simetri berada di sebelah kiri paksi-y, maka q , 0. x2 + 5x – 14 = 0
The axis of symmetry lies on the left of y-axis, thus q , 0. (x – 2)(x + 7) = 0
\ p = –3, q = –5 x = 2, x = –7
Jawapan / Answer: D 9. 12x(2x – 17) = 2 880

24x2 – 204x – 2 880 = 0
3. y = (x + 1)(2 – x) y 2x2 – 17x – 240 = 0
Apabila / When y = 0, (x – 16)(2x + 15) = 0
(x + 1)(2 – x) = 0 2 x – 16 = 0 , 2x + 15 = 0
x + 1 = 0 , 2 – x = 0 15
x = 16 x = –
x = –1 x = 2 2
Bilangan kalkulator saintifik yang dibeli
y = (x + 1)(2 – x) x Number of scientific calculators bought
= 2x – x2 + 2 – x –1O 2 = 2(16) – 17
= –x2 + x + 2 = 15
a = –1,
c=2
Jawapan / Answer: A

2. (a)
Nombor
BAB 2 Asas Nombor Number
1 2 2 0
Nilai tempat
33 32 31 30
2.1 Asas Nombor Place value

1 × 33 = 27
A Asas 9 Asas 8 Asas 7 Asas 6
Base 9 Base 8 Base 7 Base 6 (b)
Nombor
2 1 0 2 2
29 28 27 26 Number
Nilai tempat
39 38 37 36 34 33 32 31 30
Place value
49 48 47 46
2 × 34 = 162
59 58 57 56
3. (a)
Nombor
69 68 67 106 2 1 3 0
Number
79 78 107 116 Nilai tempat
43 42 41 40
89 108 117 126 Place value

109 118 127 136 3 × 41 = 12
119 128 137 146 (b)
Nombor
3 1 2 1 1
129 138 147 156 Number
139 148 157 206 Nilai tempat

44 43 42 41 40
Place value

Asas 5 Asas 4 Asas 3 Asas 2 1 × 43 = 64
Base 5 Base 4 Base 3 Base 2 4. (a)
Nombor
3 1 2 0
25 24 23 102 Number
53 52 51 50
Place value
45 104 113 1002
3 × 53 = 375
105 114 123 1012
(b)
115 124 203 1102 Nombor
2 4 2 3 4
Number
125 134 213 1112
Nilai tempat
135 204 223 10002 54 53 52 51 50
Place value

145 214 1003 10012 4 × 50 = 4
205 224 1013 10102 5. (a)
Nombor
215 234 1023 10112 5 4 4 5
Number
225 304 1103 11002 Nilai tempat
63 62 61 60
Place value

B 1. (a) 4 × 62 = 144
Nombor
1 0 1 1 (b)
Number Nombor
4 3 5 0 3
Nilai tempat Number
2 3
2 2
2 1
2 0
Place value Nilai tempat
64 63 62 61 60
1 × 21 = 2 Place value

(b) 4 × 64 = 5 184
Nombor
1 1 0 0 0 6. (a)
Number Nombor
5 0 6 6
Nilai tempat Number
2 4
2 3
2 2
2 1
2 0
Place value Nilai tempat
73 72 71 70
1 × 23 = 8 Place value

0 × 72 = 0

(b) 3.
Nombor Nombor
3 4 6 1 3 2 3 4
Number Number
Nilai tempat Nilai tempat
74 73 72 71 70 52 51 50
Place value Place value

6 × 72 = 294 (2 × 52) + (3 × 51) + (4 × 50)
Nilai nombor = 50 + 15 + 4
7. (a) Number value = 69
Nombor 10
6 1 7 0
Number
Nilai tempat 4.
83 82 81 80 Nombor
Place value 4 2 4 5
Number
1 × 82 = 64 Nilai tempat
63 62 61 60
Place value
(b)
Nombor (4 × 63) + (2 × 62) + (4 × 61) + (5 × 60)
7 6 1 2 5 Nilai nombor = 864 + 72 + 24 + 5
Number
Number value = 965
Nilai tempat 10
84 83 82 81 80
Place value

6 × 83 = 3 072 5.
Nombor
1 2 4 7 3
8. (a) Number
Nombor
Number 84 83 82 81 80
Place value
Nilai tempat
93 92 91 90 (1 × 84) + (2 × 83) + (4 × 82) + (7 × 81)
Place value
Nilai nombor + (3 × 80)
5 × 93 = 3 645 Number value = 4 096 + 1 024 + 256 + 56 + 3
= 543510
(b)
Nombor
7 8 5 1 3
Number 6.
Nombor
Nilai tempat 2 0 1 3 8
9 4
9 3
9 2
9 1
9 0 Number
Place value
Nilai tempat
94 93 92 91 90
8 × 93 = 5 832 Place value
(2 × 94) + (0 × 93) + (1 × 92) + (3 × 91)
C 1. Nilai nombor + (8 × 90)
Nombor
1 1 1 0 1 Number value = 13 122 + 0 + 81 + 27 + 8
Number
= 1323810
Nilai tempat
24 23 22 21 20
Place value
D 1. (a) 1810 = 100102
(1 × 24) + (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (0 × 21)
Nilai nombor + (1 × 20) 2 18
Number value = 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 2 9 – 0
= 2910
2 4 – 1
2 2 – 0
2.
Nombor 2 1 – 0
1 0 0 3
Number 0 – 1

Nilai tempat
43 42 41 40 (b) 3310 = 1000012
Place value
(1 × 43) + (0 × 42) + (0 × 41) + (3 × 40) 2 33
Nilai nombor = 64 + 0 + 0 + 3
2 16 – 1
Number value = 67
10 2 8 – 0

2 4 – 0
2 2 – 0
2 1 – 0
0 – 1


2. (a) 2110 = 2103 6. (a) 4710 = 657
3 21 7 47
3 7 –0 7 6 –5
3 2 –1 0 –6

0 –2

(b) 47010 = 12417
(b) 4410 = 11223
7 470
3 44 7 67 – 1
3 14 – 2 7 9 – 4
3 4 – 2 7 1 – 2
3 1 – 1 0 – 1
0 – 1

7. (a) 14410 = 2208
3. (a) 4710 = 2334
8 144
4 47
8 18 –0
4 11 –3
8 2 –2
4 2 –3
0 –2
0 –2

(b) 82410 = 14708
(b) 10010 = 12104
8 824
4 100
8 103 – 0
4 25 – 0
8 12 – 7
4 6 – 1
8 1 – 4
4 1 – 2
0 – 1
0 – 1

8. (a) 51010 = 6269
4. (a) 5310 = 2035
9 510
5 53
9 56 –6
5 10 –3
9 6 –2
5 2 –0
0 –6
0 –2

(b) 73310 = 10049
(b) 21310 = 13235
9 733
5 213
9 81 – 4
5 42 – 3
9 9 – 0
5 8 – 2
9 1 – 0
5 1 – 3
0 – 1
0 – 1

E 1.
5. (a) 33010 = 13106 Nombor
1 1 1 0 1
Number
6 330
6 55 – 0 Nilai tempat
24 23 22 21 20
Place value
6 9 – 1
6 1 – 3 (1 × 24) + (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (0 × 21)
Nilai nombor + (1 × 20)
0 – 1
Number value = 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1
= 2910
(b) 6210 = 1426
111012 = 329 9 29
6 62
9 3 –2
6 10 –2
0 –3
6 1 –4
0 –1


2. 6.
Nombor Nombor
2 1 2 2 2 3 0 1
Number Number
Nilai tempat Nilai tempat
33 32 31 30 43 42 41 40
Place value Place value
(2 × 33) + (1 × 32) + (2 × 31) + (2 × 30) (2 × 43) + (3 × 42) + (0 × 41) + (1 × 40)
Nilai nombor = 54 + 9 + 6 + 2 Nilai nombor = 128 + 48 + 0 + 1
Number value = 71 Number value = 177
10 10

21223 = 1078 8 71 23014 = 3427 7 177
8 8 –7 7 25 –2
8 1 –0 7 3 –4
0 –1 0 –3
3.
Nombor
2 0 5
Number
7.
Nilai tempat Nombor
72 71 70 3 3 4 1 2
Place value Number
(2 × 72) + (0 × 71) + (5 × 70) Nilai tempat
Nilai nombor = 98 + 0 + 5 54 53 52 51 50
Place value
Number value = 103
10 (3 × 54) + (3 × 53) + (4 × 52) + (1 × 51) +
Nilai nombor (2 × 50)
2057 = 102113 3 103 Number value = 1 875 + 375 + 100 + 5 + 2
3 34 – 1 = 2 35710

3 11 – 1
334125 = 145256 6 2 357
3 3 – 2
3 1 – 0 6 392 – 5
0 – 1 6 65 – 2
6 10 – 5
4.
Nombor 6 1 – 4
1 3 2 6
Number 0 – 1
Nilai tempat
83 82 81 80 F 1. (a) 138
Place value (b) 178
(1 × 83) + (3 × 82) + (2 × 81) + (6 × 80) 2. (a) 258 (b) 318
Nilai nombor = 512 + 192 + 16 + 6 3. (a) 548 (b) 758
Number value = 726 4. (a) 1368 (b) 1078
10
5. (a) 2418 (b) 3268
13268 = 231124 4 726 6. (a) 5278 (b) 6138
4 181 – 2 G 1. (a) 10102 (b) 11102
4 45 – 1 2. (b) 100002 (b) 101012
4 11 – 1 3. (a) 1011002 (b) 1110102
4 2 – 3 4. (a) 10001102 (b) 11001012
0 – 2 5. (a) 100011112 (b) 101011102
6. (a) 1000111012 (b) 1100000102
5.
Nombor
2 6 8 H 1. (a)
Number 1 1
1 1 02
Nilai tempat + 1 02
92 91 90
Place value
1 0 0 02
(2 × 92) + (6 × 91) + (8 × 90)
Nilai nombor = 162 + 54 + 8 1102 + 102 = 10002
Number value = 224
10 (b) 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 12
2689 = 13445 5 224 + 1 0 1 02
5 44 – 4 1 0 0 1 0 12
5 8 – 4
110112 + 10102 = 1001012
5 1 – 3
0 – 1

2. (a) 1 1 1 (b) 1 1 1
1 2 23 4 4 4 67
+ 1 1 23 + 5 6 27
1 0 1 13 5 3 4 17

1223 + 1123 = 10113 44467 + 5627 = 53417
(b) 1 1 1 1 7. (a) 1 1
2 2 2 13 7 7 28
+ 2 1 23 + 7 58
1 0 2 1 03 1 0 6 78

22213 + 2123 = 102103 7728 + 758 = 10678
3. (a) 1 1 (b) 1 1
1 3 14 1 0 7 78
+ 2 34 + 4 2 78
2 2 04 1 5 2 68

1314 + 234 = 2204 10778 + 4278 = 15268
(b) 1 1 8. (a) 1 1
2 2 24 6 8 29
+ 1 2 14 + 3 89
1 0 0 34 7 3 19

2224 + 1214 = 10034 6829 + 389 = 7319
4. (a) 1 1 (b) 1 1
4 4 15 7 8 5 39
+ 4 25 + 3 6 49
1 0 3 35 8 3 2 79

4415 + 425 = 10335 78539 + 3649 = 83279

(b) 1 1 1
1 3 45 I 1. (a) 0 2
+ 4 1 35 1 0 1 02
1 1 0 25 – 1 0 02
1 1 02
1345 + 4135 = 11025
10102 – 1002 = 1102
5. (a) 1
1 0 2 46 (b) 1
+ 1 0 0 56 0 2 2
1 1 0 0 12
2 0 3 36
– 1 1 12
10246 + 10056 = 20336 1 0 0 1 02

(b) 1 1 1
110012 – 1112 = 100102
5 3 46
+ 4 5 36 2. (a) 2 3
0 3 1 3
1 4 3 16
1 0 2 13
5346 + 4536 = 14316 – 2 2 23
2 23
6. (a) 1 1

1 4 57
10213 – 2223 = 223
+ 2 27
2 0 07 (b) 3
1 1 3

2 2 13
1457 + 227 = 2007
– 2 23
1 2 23

2213 – 223 = 1223

3. (a) 4 (b) 8
1 0 4 0 5 8
2 1 24 1 6 5 28
– 3 34 – 6 6 08
1 1 34 7 7 28

2124 – 334 = 1134 16528 – 6608 = 7728
(b) 4
0 2 4 8. (a) 9
1 3 2 24 7 0 9
– 3 3 24 8 1 49
– 3 5 69
3 3 04

4 4 79
13224 – 3324 = 3304
4. (a) 2 5
8149 – 3569 = 4479
3 2 45
– 1 3 35 (b) 7 9 4 9
8 3 5 19
1 4 15 – 6 0 79

3245 – 1335 = 1415 7 6 4 39

(b) 5 5 83519 – 6079 = 76439
1 1 0 5
2 2 1 15
– 4 4 35 J 1. Nombor empat digit terbesar dalam asas empat ialah 33334.
The largest four-digit number in base four is 33334.
1 2 1 35
Maka, / Thus, p = 33334
22115 – 4435 = 12135
33334 = (3 × 43) + (3 × 42) + (3 × 41) + (3 × 40) 7 255
5. (a) 3 6 = 192 + 48 + 12 + 3
7 36 – 3
3 4 06 = 25510
– 2 1 46 7 5 –1
\ p = 33334 0 – 5
1 2 26 = 5137

3406 – 2146 = 1226
2. RM5279 = (5 × 92) + (2 × 91) + (7 × 90)
(b) 4 6 = 405 + 18 + 7
4 5 0 56 = RM43010
– 4 4 56
Harga selepas diskaun 20% 4 344
4 0 2 06
Price after 20% discount
4 86 – 0
45056 – 4456 = 40206 80
= × RM430 4 21 – 2
100
6. (a) 7 7
= RM344 4 5 – 1
0 2 1 7
= RM111204 4 1 – 1
1 3 2 27
– 4 6 67 0 – 1
5 2 37

13227 – 4667 = 5237 PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM
(b) 3 4 27 1. (a) 001 011 1102
= 1368
– 2 1 17
1 3 17 \ M = 136

(b) 1728
3427 – 2117 = 1317
= 001 111 0102
7. (a) 4 8 \ K = 1111010
5 4 28
– 1 6 28 2. (a) 2 × 83 + 5 × 82 + 1
3 6 08 83 82 81 80

5428 – 1628 = 3608 2 5 0 1

2 × 8 + 5 × 8 + 1 = 25018
3 2

(b) 2 × 53 + 3 × 51 + 4 7.
54 53 52 51 50
5 3
5 2
5 1
5 0
4 4 3 2 1
2 0 3 4
3 × 5 = 75
2
2 × 53 + 3 × 51 + 4 = 20345
Jawapan / Answer: B
8. 2 1
SPM 0 0 2 2
1 1 0 0 12
1. 11102 = (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (1 × 21) + (0 × 20) 3 14 – 1 0 1 02
= 8 + 4 + 2 1 1 1 12
3 4 –2
= 1410
3 1 –1
\ 11102 = 1123 Jawapan / Answer: D
0 – 1
Jawapan / Answer: C
9.
26 25 24 23 22 21 20
2. q3 = (1 × 3 ) + (0 × 3 ) + (2 × 3 ) + (1 × 3 )
3 2 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1

= 10213 2 + 2 + 1 = 10010012
6 3

\ q = 1021
Jawapan / Answer: C
Jawapan / Answer: C
10. 011 1102
= 368
3. 5718 = 5 × 82 + 7 × 81 + 1 × 80

\ n = 36
= 320 + 56 + 1 5 377
= 37710 Jawapan / Answer: B
5 75 – 2
= 30025
5 15 – 0 11. 0 2

\ N = 3002
5 3 – 0 1 1 0 1 1 02
Jawapan / Answer: C 0 – 3 – 1 0 1 0 12
4. 1 1 0 0 0 0 12
0 2 2
1 1 0 0 0 12 Jawapan / Answer: B
– 1 1 0 12
1 0 0 1 0 02 12.
83 82 81 80

100pq02 = 1001002 5 7 0 1

\ p = 1, q = 0
5 × 83 + 7 × 82 + 1 = 57018

Jawapan / Answer: C
Jawapan / Answer: C
5. 1 2
0 2 2 0 0 2 0 2 13. 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 02 1 1 1 0 12
– 1 0 1 1 0 12 + 1 1 12
1 1 0 1 1 0 12 1 0 0 1 0 02

Jawapan / Answer: B Jawapan / Answer: A
6. 5 147 14.
53 52 51 50
5 29 – 2
4 2 3 1
5 5 – 4
5 1 – 0 2 × 5 = 50
2
0 – 1 Jawapan / Answer: A

14710 = 10425
15. 2537 = 2 × 72 + 5 × 71 + 3 × 70
1k425 = 10425
= 98 + 35 + 3
\ k = 0
= 13610 4 136
Jawapan / Answer: A 4 34 – 0
2537 = 20204
4 8 – 2
4 2 – 0
Jawapan / Answer: B
0 – 2

16. 1101013 = 1 × 35 + 1 × 34 + 0 × 33 + 1 × 32 + 0 × 31 + 1 × 30 Purata bilangan pelanggan setiap hari 4 35

= 243 + 81 + 9 + 1 Average number of customers everyday
4 8 –3
= 33410 = 1050 ÷ 30
9 334 = 35 4 2 – 0
1101013 = 4119 9 37 –1 = 2034 0 – 2
9 4 –1
Jawapan / Answer: C 0 –4 24. 121013 = (1 × 34) + (2 × 33) + (1 × 32) + (0 × 31) +(1 × 30)
= 81 + 54 + 9 + 0 + 1
17. = 14510
43 42 41 40
1 0 1 3 Harga asal / Original price 8 174

= RM145 × 1.2 8 21 – 6
43 + 41 + 3 = 10134

= RM174 8 2 – 5
Jawapan / Answer: D = RM2568
0 – 2
18. 1
4 16
+ 3 26
1 1 36 BAB 3 Penaakulan Logik

Jawapan / Answer: A
3.1 Pernyataan
19. 1 1
7 8 89 A 1. Pernyataan kerana ayat itu adalah palsu.
+ 6 49 A statement because the sentence is false.
8 6 39 2. Bukan pernyataan kerana ayat ini tidak dapat ditentukan nilai
kebenarannya.
Jawapan / Answer: A Not a statement because the sentence cannot be determined
its truth value.
20. 0 5 3. Pernyataan kerana ayat itu adalah benar.
1 0 4 15 A statement because the sentence is true.
– 3 4 05 4. Bukan pernyataan kerana ayat ini tidak dapat ditentukan nilai
2 0 15 kebenarannya.
Not a statement because the sentence cannot be determined
Jawapan / Answer: D its truth value.
21. 4 B 1. (a) Palsu/False.

1 1 `4
3 2 2 04 (2 + 7)2 – 1 = (9)2 – 1
– 2 0 2 34 = 81 – 1
= 80
1 1 3 14 Maka, / Hence,

(2 + 7)2 – 1 . 50
Jawapan / Answer: C
2. Palsu/False.
22. 13314 + x4 = 100314 Subset = 23
4
x = 100314 – 13314 =8
3 Maka, {v, t, u} mempunyai 8 subset.
0 4 4 ` Hence, {v, t, u} has 8 subsets.
1 0 0 3 14 3. Benar / True.
– 1 3 3 14 4. Benar / True.
2 1 0 04 5. Benar / True.

x4 = 21004

\ x = 2100 C 1. Bukan semua poligon mempunyai sisi sama panjang.
Not all polygons have sides of equal length.
Jawapan / Answer: D
2. 0.12 tidak bersamaan 0.01.
0.12 is not equal to 0.01.
23. 45106 = (4 × 63) + (5 × 62) + (1 × 61) + (0 × 60)
= 864 + 180 + 6 + 0 3. Nombor 10 bukan nombor genap.
= 1050 Number 10 is not an even number.

3. Jika garis lurus AB berserenjang dengan garis lurus CD, maka

D Penafian Nilai kebenaran
hasil darab kecerunan garis lurus AB dan CD ialah –1.
Negation Truth value
If straight lines AB is perpendicular to straight line CD, then the
1. Pintasan-y bagi garis y = 5x + 6 product of the gradients of straight lines AB and CD is –1.
bukan 6. Palsu
The y-intercept of line y = 5x + 6 False G Antejadian Akibat
is not 6. Antecedent Consequent
2. Gandaan sepunya terkecil (GSTK) bagi 1. r.s s–r,0
24 dan 40 bukan 120. Palsu 2. t ialah gandaan bagi 6. t ialah gandaan bagi 3.
The lowest common multiple (LCM) of False t is a multiple of 6. t is a multiple of 3.
24 and 40 is not 120.
3. Sebuah kubus mempunyai Isi padu kubus tersebut ialah
3. Bukan semua faktor bagi 30 boleh panjang sisi x cm. x3 cm3.
Benar
dibahagi dengan 3. A cube has side length of x cm. The volume of the cube is
True
Not all factors of 30 are divisible by 3. x3 cm3.
4. 32 didarabkan dengan 35 tidak
Palsu
bersamaan dengan 37. H 1. ABCD ialah sebuah rombus jika dan hanya jika semua sisinya
False
32 multiplied by 35 is not equal to 37. adalah sama.
5. { } bukan subset bagi { 1, 2, 3 }. Palsu ABCD is a rhombus if and only if all of its sides are equal.
{ } is not a subset of { 1, 2, 3 }. False 2. xy = 0 jika dan hanya jika x = 0 atau y = 0.
6. √144 tidak bersamaan dengan 48. Benar xy = 0 if and only if x = 0 or y = 0.
√144 is not equal to 48. True 3. 3
a = b jika dan hanya jika b3 = a.
3 a = b if and only if b3 = a.
E Pernyataan Benar / Palsu I 1. Implikasi 1: Jika i . j, maka –i , –j .

Statement True / False Implication 1: If i . j, then –i , –j .
1. Semua segi tiga sama kaki mempunyai 2 Implikasi 2: Jika –i , –j, maka i . j .
sudut 60°. (Palsu) Implication 2: If –i , –j, then i . j .
All isosceles triangles have two 60° angles.
2. Implikasi 1: Jika P , Q, maka semua unsur dalam set P berada
(False) Benar dalam set Q.
Sebuah sisi empat mempunyai hasil True Implication 1: If P , Q, then all elements in set P are in set Q.
tambah sudut pedalaman 360°. (Benar) Implikasi 2: Jika semua unsur dalam set P berada dalam set
A quadrilateral has a sum of interior angles Q, maka P , Q.
of 360°. (True) Implication 2: If all elements in set P are in set Q, then
P , Q.
2. Sebuah segi empat tepat mempunyai
empat pepenjuru. (Palsu) 3. Implikasi 1: Jika m – 2 = 3, maka m = 5.
A rectangle has four diagonals. (False) Implication 1: If m – 2 = 3, then m = 5.
Palsu Implikasi 2: Jika m = 5, maka m – 2 = 3.
Sebuah segi empat selari mempunyai dua False Implication 2: If m = 5, then m – 2 = 3.
paksi simetri. (Palsu)
A parallelogram has two axis of symmetry. J 1. Akas/ Converse:
(False)
Jika 2 055 boleh dibahagi dengan 3, maka hasil tambah bagi
3. Sudut tirus adalah kurang daripada 90°. semua digit dalam 2 055 boleh dibahagi dengan 3.
(Benar) If 2 055 is divisible by 3, then the sum of all digits in 2 055 is
An acute angle is less than 90°. (True) Benar divisible by 3.
True Antejadian: Benar; Akibat: Benar; Nilai kebenaran: Benar
Sudut cakah adalah lebih daripada 180°.
Antecedent: True; Consequent: True: Truth value: True
(Palsu)
An obtuse angle is more than 180°. (False) Songsangan / Inverse:
Jika hasil tambah bagi semua digit dalam 2 055 tidak boleh
4. Jika A , B, maka A < B = B. (Benar) dibahagi dengan 3, maka 2 055 tidak boleh dibahagi dengan 3.
If A , B, then A < B = B. (True) Palsu If the sum of all digits in 2 055 is not divisible by 3, the 2 055
Jika B , C, maka B > C = C. (Palsu) False is not divisible by 3.
If B , C, then B > C = C. (False) Antejadian: Benar; Akibat: Benar; Nilai kebenaran: Benar
F 1. Jika x3 = –8 , maka x = –2. Kontrapositif / Contrapositive:
If x3 = –8, then x = –2. Jika 2 055 tidak boleh dibahagi dengan 3, maka hasil tambah
2. Jika poligon ABCDE mempunyai 5 sisi, maka ia adalah sebuah bagi semua digit dalam 2 055 tidak boleh dibahagi dengan 3.
pentagon. If 2 055 is not divisible by 3, then the sum of all digits in 2 055
If polygon ABCDE has 5 sides, then it is a pentagon. is not divisible by 3.
Antejadian: Benar; Akibat: Benar; Nilai kebenaran: Benar

2. Akas/ Converse: 2. Semua nombor perdana yang lebih besar daripada 2 adalah
Jika 15 boleh dibahagi dengan 3, maka 15 boleh dibahagi nombor ganjil.
dengan 6. All prime numbers that are bigger than 2 are odd numbers.
If 15 is divisible by 3, then 15 is divisible by 6. 3. 
25 = 5
Antejadian: Benar; Akibat: Palsu; Nilai kebenaran: Palsu 4. PQRSTU mempunyai 6 sisi yang sama.
Antecedent: True; Consequent: False: Truth value: False PQRSTU has 6 equal sides.
5. 6 bukan nombor ganjil.
Songsangan / Inverse:
6 is not an odd number.
Jika 15 tidak boleh dibahagi dengan 6, maka 15 tidak boleh
dibahagi dengan 3.
O 1. Hujah ini kuat dan meyakinkan kerana semua premis dan kes-
If 15 is not divisible by 6, then 15 is not divisible by 3.
impulan adalah benar.
Antejadian: Benar; Akibat: Palsu; Nilai kebenaran: Palsu
This argument is strong and cogent because all the premises
Antecedent: True; Consequent: False: Truth value: False
and conclusion are true.
Kontrapositif / Contrapositive: 2. Hujah ini lemah dan tidak meyakinkan kerana kesimpulan
Jika 15 tidak boleh dibahagi dengan 3, maka 15 tidak boleh mungkin palsu.
dibahagi dengan 6. The argument is weak and not cogent because the conclusion
If 15 is not divisible by 3, then 15 is not divisible by 6. is probably false.
Antejadian: Palsu; Akibat: Benar; Nilai kebenaran: Benar 3. Hujah ini kuat dan meyakinkan kerana kesemua premis dan
Antecedent: False; Consequent: True: Truth value: True kesimpulan adalah benar.
This argument is strong and cogent because all the premises
K 1. Palsu/ False.
and conclusion are true.
27 boleh dibahagi dengan 3. Maka, 27 bukan nombor perdana.
27 is divisible by 3. Thus, 27 is not a prime number. P 1. 2n2 + n; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
2. Benar/ True.
2. 2(5)n – n, n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
3. Benar/ True.
3. n(1 + n), n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
3.2 Hujah Q 1. (a) Pernyataan kerana ia adalah pernyataan palsu.
A statement because it is a false statement.
L 1. Premis 1: P = {x : x ialah nombor perdana}. (Umum)
(b) 2(5) . 2(–5)
Premise 1: P = {x : x is a prime number}. (General)
(c) Implikasi 1: Jika a3 ialah integer, maka a ialah integer.
Kesimpulan: 3, 7 dan 11 ialah nombor perdana. (Khusus) Implication 1: If a3 is an integer, then a is an integer.
Conclusion: 3, 7 and 11 are prime number. (Specific) Implikasi 2: Jika a ialah integer, maka a3 ialah integer .
Hujan deduktif / Deductive argument Implication 2: If a is an integer, then a3 is an integer.
2. Premis 1 / Premise 1: 2. Tempoh masa = 2 jam 20 minit = 140 minit

31 + 2 = 5, 32 + 4 = 13, 33 + 6 = 33, … (Khusus/ Specific) Time duration = 2 hours 20 minit = 140 minutes
Kesimpulan / Conclusion: 80 minit yang pertama / The first 80 minutes = RM16
3n + 2n; n = 1, 2, 3, … (Umum / General) 40 minit seterusnya / The next 40 minutes
Hujan induktif/ Inductive argument = RM1.80 × 4 = RM7.20
20 minit seterusnya / The next 20 minutes
3. Premis 1 / Premise 1: = RM1.00 × 2 = RM2.00
Hasil tambah digit dalam 21 boleh dibahagi dengan 3. (Khusus)
Premise 1: The sum of digits in 21 is divisible by 3. (Specific) Jumlah bayaran / Total charges
= RM16 + RM7.20 + RM2
Kesimpulan: = RM25.20
Hasil tambah digit bagi gandaan 3 boleh dibahagi dengan 3.
(Umum) 1
3. (a) × 1 × 2 = 1 cm2
Conclusion: 2
The sum of digits of multiple of 3 is divisible by 3. (General) 1
× 2 × 3 = 3 cm2
2
Hujan induktif/ Inductive argument 1
× 3 × 4 = 6 cm2
2
M 1. Hujah tidak sah kerana tidak mematuhi bentuk hujah deduktif
yang sah. Tidak munasabah kerana kesimpulan adalah palsu. 1
∴ n(n + 1); n = 1, 2, 3, …
Argument is not valid because it does not comply with a valid 2

form of deductive argument. Not sound because the conclusion 1
is false. (b) (15)(15 + 1) = 120 cm2
2
2. Hujah adalah sah dan munasabah.
Argument is valid and sound. PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM
3. Hujah adalah sah tetapi tidak munasabah kerana premis 1
adalah palsu. 1. (a) Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi sebuah segi empat sama
Argument is valid but not sound because premise 1 is false. The area of the unshaded region for one square
1
N 1. Poligon A mempunyai sisi sama.
= (4 × 4) – ( × π × 42)
4
Polygon A has equal sides. = (16 – 4π) cm2

Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak pertama

 201 
10
(b) 1 0001 +
The area of the unshaded region for the 1st pattern
= 1(16 – 4π) = 1 628.89
Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak ke-2 = RM1 629
The area of the unshaded region for the 2nd pattern 7. (a) Jika (–2)2 . 4, maka –2 < 4 (Benar)
= 4(16 – 4π) If (–2)2 . 4, then –2 < 4 (True)
= 22(16 – 4π) (b) PQR ialah sebuah segi tiga.
Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak ke-3 PQR is a triangle.
The area of the unshaded region for the 3rd pattern
8. (a) Implikasi 1: Jika perimeter bagi sebuah bulatan ialah 22 cm,
= 9(16 – 4π)
maka diameter bulatan tersebut ialah 7 cm.
= 32(16 – 4π)
Implication 1: If the perimeter of a circle is 22 cm, then the
Luas kawasan tak berlorek diameter of the circle is 7 cm.
The area of the unshaded region Implikasi 2: Jika diameter sebuah bulatan ialah 7 cm, maka
= 1(16 – 4π), 22(16 – 4π), 32(16 – 4π), … perimeter bulatan tersebut ialah 22 cm.
Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak ke-n Implication 2: If the diameter of a circle is 7 cm, then the
The area of the unshaded region for the nth pattern perimeter of the circle is 22 cm.
= n2(16 – 4π) 3
(b) ialah pecahan tak wajar.
= 4n2(4 – π), n = 1, 2, 3, … 2
3
(b) Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak ke-7 is an improper fraction.
2
The area of the unshaded region for the 7th pattern 360°
= 4(7)2(4 – π) (c) = 72°
5
= 168 cm2
9. (a) (i) Benar/ True
(ii) Palsu/ False
SPM (b) (i) Corak pertama / 1st pattern: 142 – [π(7)2]
1. 5 × (–2) = –5 × 2 dan –2 . –3 = 196 – 49π
5 × (–2) = –5 × 2 and –2 . –3 = 49(4 – π)
Corak ke-2/ 2nd pattern: 2 × 49(4 – π)
Jawapan / Answer : B
Corak ke-3/ 3rd pattern: 4 × 49(4 – π)
Corak ke-4/ 4th pattern: 8 × 49(4 – π)
2. Jika 2n bukan satu nombor genap, maka n bukan satu nombor
ganjil. Kesimpulan umum/ General conclusion:
If 2n is not an even number, then n is not an odd number. 2n × 49(4 – π), n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
(ii) 25 × 49(4 – π)
Jawapan / Answer : C = 1 568(4 – π) cm2
3. 7 . 6 10. (a) Palsu/ False
(b) Implikasi 1: Jika p , q, maka q – p . 0.
Jawapan / Answer: D Implication 1: If p , q, then q – p . 0.
Implikasi 2 : Jika q – p . 0, maka p , q.
4. 20 tidak boleh dibahagikan dengan 3 Implication 2: If q – p . 0, then p , q.
20 is not divisible by 3
(c) Bilangan paksi simetri bagi sebuah poligon sekata dengan n sisi
Jawapan / Answer: A ialah n .
The number of axes of symmetry for a regular polygon with n
5. (a) Akas: Jika ∠P = ∠Q = ∠R, maka ΔPQR ialah segi tiga sama sides is n .
sisi.
11. (a) Palsu/ False
Converse: If ∠P = ∠Q = ∠P, then ΔPQR is an equilateral
(b) Jika suatu sudut ialah sudut refleks, maka sudut itu berada di
triangle.
antara 180° dan 360°.
Songsang: Jika ΔPQR bukan segi tiga sama sisi, maka If an angle is a reflex angle, then the angle is between 180° and
∠P ≠ ∠Q ≠ ∠R. 360°.
Inverse: If ΔPQR is not an equilateral triangle, then (c) m tidak boleh dibahagi tepat dengan 2 dan 3.
∠P ≠ ∠Q ≠ ∠R. m is not divisible by 2 and 3.
Kontrapositif: Jika ∠P ≠ ∠Q ≠ ∠R, maka ΔPQR bukan segi
12. (a) Bukan pernyataan / Not a statement
tiga sama sisi.
(b) Implikasi 1 : Jika x – y = 0, maka x = y
Converse: If ∠P ≠ ∠Q ≠ ∠R, then ΔPQR is not an equilat-
Implication 1 : If x – y = 0, then x = y
eral triangle.
Implikasi 2 : Jika x = y, maka x – y = 0

Implication 2 : If x = y, then x – y = 0
(b) Sah tetapi tidak munasabah.
(c) 4(2)n + n, n = 1, 2, 3, …
Valid but not sound.
6. (a) A = p(6)2 ialah luas bulatan.

A = p(6)2 is the area of circle.

F 1. (a) (P > Q)9 = {1, 3, 9, 7}

BAB 4 Operasi Set ξ
P
7
Q
4.1 Persilangan set
3
6
4
A 1. buaya dan katak 9 1
crocodile and frog
B 1. P = {T, R, I, G, O, N, M, E} (b) (A > B)9 = {m, n, p, q, r, s}
Q = {O, P, T, M, E, R, I} ξ
P > Q = {E, I, M, O, R, T} A B
n(P > Q) = 6 m p
s
r q
2. P = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28}
Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24} n
R = {10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 30}
(a) P > Q = {4, 8, 12, 16, 24}, n(P > Q) = 5
2. (a) (X > Y)9 = {s, u, n, p, q, v, m}
(b) Q > R = {12, 16}, n(Q > R) = 2
(c) P > R = {12, 16}, n(P > R) = 2 X Y Z
(d) P > Q > R = {12, 16}, n(P > Q > R) = 2 u
n v
s t p
C 1. (a) A > B = {k}
q m
(b) F > G = {3, 5, 6}
2. (a) E > F = {4, 5}
(b) P > Q = { }
3. (a) P > Q = {k}, P > R = { }, Q > R = {c, d} (b) (E > F > G)9 = {b, e, t, h, i, v, a}
(b) A > B = {2, 6}, B > C = {6}, A > C = {4, 6} E F
4. (a) E > F = {1, 6, 8}, G > F = {1, 6}, E > F > G = {1, 6}
(b) P > Q = {g, m, n}, Q > R = {g, n}, P > Q > R = {g, n} b e t
D 1. j = {12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20} y

r h
E = {12, 14, 16, 18, 20} i
F = {12, 16, 20} v a
G = {12, 18, 19, 20}

E > F = {12, 16, 20} G

E > G = {12, 18, 20}

F > G = {12, 20} G 1. (a) ξ (b)
X ξ

E > F > G = {12, 20} Y A B
ξ
E F
14 16 C

12
20
18 2. (a) ξ (b) ξ
13 X A
19 Y
15
G 17

B C
E 1. A > B = {d, g}
(A > B)9 = {a, b, e, f, h}
n(A > B)9 = 5 3. (a) (b)
P Q
Q R
2. j = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}
R P
(a) A > C = {8, 10, 14}
(A > C)9 = {2, 4, 6, 12}
n(A > C)9 = 4
(b) B > C = {4, 8, 10, 14}
(B > C)9 = {2, 6, 12} 4. (a) (b)
n(B > C)9 = 3 P Q
Q R
(c) A > B > C = {8, 10, 14} P R
(A > B > C)9 = {2, 4, 6, 12}
n(A > B > C)9 = 4


H 1. (32 – 8) + 8 + (18 – 8) + k = 70 (a) P < Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, 28, 30}
42 + k = 70 (b) Q < R = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 15, 30}
k = 70 – 42 (c) P < R = {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28}
= 28 (d) P < Q < R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, 28, 30}
2. Katakan K 1. (a) A  B = {e, f, g, h}
S = {murid yang akan mengambil bahagian dalam projek STEM}
(A  B)′ = {k }
{pupils who will be participating in STEM project}
(b) A  B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8}
B = {murid yang akan mengambil bahagian dalam projek
(A  B )′ = {1, 5}
BANCI}
{pupils who will be participating in BANCI project} 2.
(a) P  R = {3, 6, 9, 15}
(P  R )′ = {12}
(b) X  Y = {a, b, c, d, e }
ξ
S B (X  Y )′ = {h, k}
3 3.
(a) A  B = {1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10}
(A  B )′ = {6}
B  C = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
(B  C)′ = {7}
(a) Bilangan murid yang hanya akan mengikuti projek STEM
(b) P  Q = {s, t, u, w, x, y, z }
sahaja
(P  Q )′ = {v }
The number of pupils who will be joining the STEM project
Q  R = {s, t, u, v, x, y, z }
only
(Q  R )′ = {w }
= 12 – 3
= 9 4.
(a) P  Q = {a, b, d, e }
(b) Bilangan murid yang hanya akan menyertai projek BANCI (P  Q )′ = {c, f }
The number of the pupils who will be joining the BANCI P  R = {a, b, c, e, f }
project only (P  R )′ = {d }
= 20 – 3 (b) A  B = {4, 6, 8, 10, 14}
= 17 (A  B )′ = {12}
(c) Bilangan pelajar yang tidak akan menyertai mana-mana B  C = {4, 8, 10, 12, 14}
projek (B  C)′ = {6}
The number of pupils who will not be joing in any of the
projects L 1. (a) A  B = {k, m, n, q }
= 30 – (9 + 3 + 17) n(A  B ) = 4
=1 n(A  B )′ = 2
(b) P  Q = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
3. n(P  Q) = 7
M K
n(P  Q)′ = 2
74 – 28 – 3 – 9 28
= 34 2.
(a) G  F = {3, 12}
9 n(G  F ) = 2
12 3
n(G  F )′ = 3
(b) F  G = {q, r, s}
n(F  G ) = 3
V
n(F  G )′ = 3
(a) Bilangan keluarga yang memiliki motosikal sahaja
3.
(a) (Q  R )′ = {15, 7}
The number of families that own motorcycle only
n(Q  R )′ = 2
= 61 – 34 – 9 – 12
n(P  Q  R ) = 9
=6
(b) Bilangan keluarga yang memiliki van sahaja (b) (B  C )′ = {b }
The number of families that own van only n(B  C )′ = 1
= 27 –12 – 9 – 3 n(A  B  C ) = 6
=3 4.
(a) n (A  B) = 5
(B  C )′ = {e }
4.2 Kesatuan Set n(A  B )′ = 2
(b) n (S  T ) = 5
I 1. ikan, obor-obor, ketam dan penyu
(T  W )′ = {10}
fish, sea gooseberry, crab and turtle
n(S  T )′ = 2
J 1. P = {M, A, T, E, I, K}
M 1. (a) ξ (b) ξ
Q = {K, E, W, A, N, G} P
P Q R
Q
P < Q = {A, E, G, I, K, M, N, T, W}
n(P < Q) = 9
2. P = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28}

Q = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30}
R = {2, 3, 5, 7}

2. (a) ξ (b) ξ (b) (K < L) > M9

P
Q A K < L = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43}
B
M9 = {36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45}
\ (K < L) > M9 = {36, 38, 41, 43}
(c) (K > L) < (L > M)9

K > L = {37, 43}
N 1. 6 + x + 5 + 9 = 27 (L > M)9 = {36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45}
x + 20 = 27 \ (K > L) < (L > M)9 = {36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45}
x = 27 – 20
= 7 (d) K9 >L<M
n(Q9) = 6 + 7 K9 = {35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45}
= 13 K9 > L = {35, 36, 38, 39}
2. K9 > L < M = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39}
ξ
Q 1. (a) P
S T Q
x y 35
z
R
y = 51 – 35 = 16
x = 40 – 16 = 24 (b)
P Q R
(a) n(S < T)
= 24 + 16 + 35
= 75
(b) n(S < T)9
= 85 – 75
= 10
2. (a)
P R
4.3 Gabungan Operasi Set
O 1. A = {12, 24, 36, 48}

B = {6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36}
C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
(a) A > (B < C) Q
A = {12, 24, 36, 48}

(B < C) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36}
\ A > (B < C) = {12, 24, 36} (b)
P Q
(b) (A > B) < C R
A > B = {12, 24, 36}
C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
\ (A > B) < C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36}
(c) (A < B) > C
A < B = {6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48}

C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
\ (A < B) > C = {6, 12, 24} R (a) (X9 > Y) < Z = {2, 5, 8, 9}
(d) A < (B > C) (b) (P9 > Q) < R = {4, 5, 6, 7}
A = {12, 24, 36, 48}
S 1. B L
(B > C) = {6, 12, 24}
\ A < (B > C) = {6, 12, 24, 36, 48} 6 4
3
P 1. j = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45} 18 – 6 – 4 – 3 4
K = {37, 41, 43} =5
L = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43} D
M = {35, 37, 39}
(a) (K > L)9 < M (a) (i) n(L sahaja / L only)
(K > L)9 = {35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45} = 20 – 4 – 3 – 4
M = {35, 37, 39} = 9
\ (K > L)9 < M = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45} (ii) n(D sahaja / D only)
= 19 – 5 – 3 – 4
= 7

(b) jumlah peserta yang bertanding dalam satu acara sahaja 4.

the total number of participants who competed in one event ξ
only B
d
=6+9+7 A
= 22 f c
h
e
v
SPM

1. L M
B9 = {f, h, v}
Jawapan/
Answer: D
K
5. 2p + 18 = 1 (2p + 3p + 60 + 18)
3
3(2p + 18) = 5p + 78
6p + 54 = 5p + 78
2. j = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} 6p – 5p = 78 – 54
A = {2, 3, 4, 5} p = 24
B = {2, 3, 4} n(M) = 18 + 3(24) + 10
Maka, D = {3, 4, 6, 7} = 100
D9 = {2, 5} Jawapan/
Answer: C
3. P9 = {6, 7, 8}
P9 > Q = {6} 6. Q
P > Q  R = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} P R
8
SPM 9–5 7 13 – 7
=4 =6
1. M = {88, 92, 96}
N = {89, 93, 97}
20 – 8 – 7
(M  N) = {86, 87, 90, 91, 94, 95, 98} =5
Jawapan / Answer: D
n(Q9) = 4 + 6
= 10
2. n(M sahaja / M only) = 100 – 45
= 55 Jawapan/
Answer: B
n(D sahaja / D only) = 30 – 20 7.

P
= 10 c
n(M  P  D) = 240 – 55 – 75 – 10
= 100 b d
e
Beza antara bilangan pekerja yang tidak terlibat dalam ketiga- a
tiga bahagian dengan bilangan pekerja bahagian pembungkusan f g
Q R
Difference between the number of workers who are not involved
in the three sections with the number of workers in packaging P > Q = {b, e}
section R9 = {a, b, c}
= 100 – 75 (P > Q) > R9 = {b}
= 25
Jawapan/
Answer: A
Jawapan / Answer: A
8. P9 = {a, e, f, g}
3. ξ Jawapan/
Answer: C
T U
9. n(M < N) = 45 + 30 – 18
b d
= 57
c
V n(M < N)9 = 100 – 57
a e = 43
f
Jawapan/
Answer: B
T > U9 = {b} 10. n(j) = 30 + 24 – 10

(T > U9) < V = {b, e, f} = 44
Jawapan/
Answer: B Jawapan/
Answer: B

11. (a) T  S 2. (a) Tepi / Edge

(b) K = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, …} (b) Gelung / Loop
L = {1, 2} (c) Berbilang tepi / Multiple edges
M = {1, 2, 4, 8} 3. (a) Gelung / Loop
(b) Berbilang tepi / Multiple edges
K M (c) Bucu / Vertex
L
B 1. d(1) = 2
{(1, 2), (1, 5), d(2) = 3
2(6)
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (2, 3), (2, 4), 5 6 d(3) = 2
= 12
(3, 4), (4, 5)} d(4) = 3
12. (a) B = {3, 5, 11} , A d(5) = 2
A 2. d(P) = 1
B d(Q) = 2
{(P, Q), (Q, R), 2(4)
{P, Q, R, S, T} 5 4 d(R) = 2
(R, S), (S, T)} =8
d(S) = 2
d(T) = 1
3. d(J) = 2
{(J, K), (J, K),
(b) d(K) = 6
P Q R (K, M), (K, L), 2(8)
{J, K, L, M, N} 5 8 d(L) = 3
(K, N), (K, N), = 16
d(M) = 3
(M, M), (L, L)}
d(N) = 2
PQ
4. {(1, 2), (1, 2), d(1) = 3
P>Q<R (1, 3), (2, 3), d(2) = 3 2(7)
{1, 2, 3, 4} 4 7
(3, 3), (3, 4), d(3) = 5 = 14
13. (a) (4, 4)} d(4) = 3
N M
T C 1. 3
4. 3
D 1. C
B

(b) A
D
N c M E
T
F
b d e 2.
E
a
D F
M > N = {d} A
(M > N) < T = {d, a, b}
G
C
N B
M
T E 1. V = {A, B, C, D, E, F} din(A) = 1, dout(A) = 1

E = {(A, F), (B, A), (B, C), (B, D), din(B) = 1, dout(B) = 3
(C, D), (D, E), (F, E), (F, B)} din(C) = 1, dout(C) = 1
din(D) = 2, dout(D) = 1
din(E) = 2, dout(E) = 0
din(F) = 1, dout(F) = 2
Σd(V) = 16
BAB 5 Rangkaian dalam Teori Graf 2. V = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G}
E = {(A, B), (A, C), (A, G), (B, C),
din(A) = 1, dout(A) = 3
din(B) = 1, dout(B) = 1
(C, D), (D, F), (E, D), (F, E), din(C) = 2, dout(C) = 1
5.1 Pernyataan (F, A)} din(D) = 2, dout(D) = 1
din(E) = 1, dout(E) = 1
A 1. (a) Bucu / Vertex din(F) = 1, dout(F) = 2
(b) Tepi / Edge din(G) = 1, dout(G) = 0
Σd(V) = 18

3. V = {P, Q, R, S, T } din(P) = 1, dout(P) = 2 J 1. (a) 8 tepi/ edges

E = {(P, Q), (P, P), (Q, T), (R, Q), din(Q) = 3, dout(Q) = 1
(R, S), (S, T), (T, Q)} din(R) = 0, dout(R) = 2
din(S) = 1, dout(S) = 1
din(T) = 2, dout(T) = 1
Σd(V) = 14
4. V = {P, Q, R, S, T, U, W } din(P) = 3, dout(P) = 3
E = {(P, R), (P, S), (P, W), (Q, P), din(Q) = 1, dout(Q) = 1 (b) 10 tepi/ edges
(R, Q), (R, S), (S, T), (T, P), din(R) = 1, dout(R) = 2
(T, U), (U, P), (W, W)} din(S) = 2, dout(S) = 1
din(T) = 1, dout(T) = 2
din(U) = 1, dout(U) = 1
din(W) = 2, dout(W) = 1
Σd(V) = 22

F 1. C B 2. (a) 7 bucu/ vertices
E
A
2. Q
(b) 8 bucu/ vertices
U R
P
T S

3. A B
K 1. (a) J
B C
C H
D
A
E
D G
F
G 1. Laluan yang boleh dilalui: E
Paths can be taken:
(i) Hani → B → C → Jenny (b)
Masa/ Time = 5 + 8 + 7 = 20 minit/ minutes J
(ii) Hani → B → C → F → E → Jenny C
Masa/ Time = 5 + 8 + 3 + 2 + 5 = 23 minit/ minutes B
H
(iii) Hani → F → E → Jenny
Masa/ Time = 11 + 2 + 5 = 18 minit/ minutes D
A
(a) Masa terpendek
G
Shortest time F
= Rumah Hani → F → E → Rumah Jenny E
Hani’s house → F → E → Jenny’s house
= 18 minit/ minutes L 1.
(b) Masa terpanjang B 8 C
Longest time
= Rumah Hani → B → C → F → E → Rumah Jenny
A 5 3
Hani’s house → B → C → F → E → Jenny’s house
= 23 minit/ minutes 6
H 1. 7, 3, 3 2. 7, 3, 7 D
F E 5
I 1. 7 2. 7 3. 3

Jumlah pemberat minimum pokok 2. (a)

Minimum total weight of the tree
A B
=5+3+8+5+6 1 6
= 27 12 2
3 7
13
2. 8
Q 4
10 5
20 R 11
23
P
9
U 24
18 C

26
T
(b) (i) (A > C)9 = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13}
S (ii) (A < B)9 = {9}
Jumlah pemberat minimum pokok C = {4, 5, 9, 10, 11}
Minimum total weight of the tree (A < B)9 > C = {9}
= 18 + 20 + 23 + 26 + 24 (iii) A < B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13}
= 111 A < C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13}
(A < B) > (A < C) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13}
M 1. Katakan P = Priti, Q = Que, R = Ray, S = Siti, T = Tisha dan
U = Umi
Let P = Priti, Q = Que, R = Ray, S = Siti, T = Tisha and U = Umi PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM

V = {P, Q, R, S, T, U}

E = {Jalan Kuning, Jalan Hijau, Jalan Merah, Jalan Putih, Jalan 1. (a) V = {P, Q, R, S, T}
Biru, Jalan Jingga, Jalan Kelabu} n(V) = 5

(b) Q
Q
Jalan Kuning
P Jalan Hijau P
R
Jalan Biru Jalan Kelabu Jalan Jingga
U
R T
T S
Jalan Merah
Jalan Putih
S 2. (a) Susunan tempat dengan jarak terpendek:
Arrangement of the places with the shortest distance:
2. F → A → E → D → G → B → C
Pe or
la t D
P
bu ic
(b) Jumlah jarak

Te Kl
ha s
lu an
n on
Total distance
k g
Pa or th
In
k
ta
= 2 + 5 + 6 + 4 + 6 + 8
da Se
Bu
Al or
n
Se
ng ta
tte poh
= 31 km
re
rw
Be r
m
sa
b an
r
G
SPM
SPM
em
Kuala Tapah PRAKTIS BERORIENTASIKAN

as
Lumpur
1. E = {(J, K), (J, L), (J, N), (J, P), (K, L), (L, M), (M, N), (N, O),
Jo
Se r Ba
ho
ga hr
Mentakab Gua Pasir Tumpat (O, P)}

m u
at
Musang Mas n(E) = 9

Jawapan/
Answer: C
N 1. Laluan 1 / Route 1: Bandar Tasik Selatan → Chan Sow Lin →
Maluri → Sri Raya 2. E = {(A, B), (A, D), (A, E), (B, C), (C, D), (C, D), (D, E),
Jumlah tambang / Total fares (E, F), (F, F)}
= RM2.70 + RM1.40 + RM3.10 Bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees
= RM7.20 = 2(9)
Laluan 2 / Route 2: Bandar Tasik Selatan → Kajang → Sri Raya = 18
Jumlah tambang / Total fares Jawapan/
Answer: B
= RM3.00 + RM3.10
= RM6.10
3. Bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees
Laluan 2 kerana jumlah tambangnya yang lebih murah dan = 3 + 4 + 3 + 2 = 12
hanya perlu menukar stesen sekali sahaja. Bilangan darjah adalah genap, maka graf boleh dibentuk.
Route 2 because the total fares is cheaper and only need to The sum of degrees is even, thus the graph can be formed.
change the stations once.
Jawapan/
Answer: D

4. B
C (1, 3) (2, 2) (2, 3)
A
B 1. x + 2y 6 x + 2y 6 x + 2y 6
1 + 2(3) = 7 6 2 + 2(2) = 6 6 2 + 2(3) = 8 6

F
7 . 6 (Ya / Yes) 6 . 6 (Tidak / No) 8 . 6 (Ya / Yes)

E D

din(A) = 3, dout(A) = 2 2. 3x – 2y –3 3x – 2y –3 3x – 2y –3

din(B) = 2, dout(B) = 1
3(1) – 2(3) 3(2) – 2(2) 3(2) – 2(3)
din(C) = 1, dout(C) = 2
–3 –3 –3
= –3 =2 =0

din(D) = 1, dout(D) = 1

din(E) = 1, dout(E) = 2 –3 < –3 (Ya / Yes) 2 < –3 (Tidak / No) 0 < –3 (Tidak / No)
din(F) = 1, dout(F) = 1

∑d(V) = 18
C 1. (a) (b)
Jawapan/
Answer: C y y
x=2 x = –4
5. Bucu A / Vertex A: Bucu E / Vertex E:

x2
x2 = x1 + 7 x5 + x7 = x3 + x4 x –4
= 9 + 7 x5 + 14 = 7 + 9 x
x
= 16 x5 = 16 – 14 0 2 –4 0
= 2
Bucu B / Vertex B: Bucu D / Vertex D:
2. (a) (b)
x4 = x1 x5 + x6 = x2 x = –3 y y x=5
= 9 2 + x6 = 16
x6 = 14 x –3 x5
Bucu C / Vertex C: x x
–3 0 0 5
x3 = 7
x7 = 2(7)
= 14
6. Susunan restoran dengan kos paling rendah: 3. (a) y (b)

y
The arrangement of the restaurants with the lowest cost:
y2
H → C → D → E → G → B → A → F y=6
y=2 6
Jumlah kos 2
x y6
Total cost 0
= 90 + 100 + 120 + 120 + 90 + 180 + 160 x
0
= RM860
D 1. (a) y (b) y y = 4x – 5
y = 2x + 3
Ketaksamaan Linear dalam Dua Pemboleh
BAB 6 Ubah
3
x
0 5
4
x
6.1 Ketaksamaan Linear dalam Dua Pemboleh Ubah 0
– 3 –5
2
A 1. 100x + 80y < 2 500
2. p + q < 100
3. m – n > 25
4. Katakan g = bilangan kek cawan perisa coklat dan h = bilangan 2. (a) y (b) y
kek cawan perisa vanila
Let g = number of chocolate flavored cupcakes and h = number 5
of vanilla flavored cupcakes
x
h . 2g –1
0
x 4
0 5 –1
2
y = –2x + 5 y = –4x – 1


3. (a) y (b) y y = 3x – 2 3.
Rantau Titik Ketaksamaan
3/7
4 Region Point Inequalities
y = 2x + 4 x 2(–2) > –3(2) – 6 7
0 2
A (2, –2)
x 3
–2 0 –2 3(–2) . –5(2) – 15 3
2(1) > –3(1) – 6 3
B (1, 1)
3(1) . – 5(1) – 15 3
2(1) > –3(– 4) – 6 3
y C (– 4, 1)
4. (a) (b) y
3(1) . –5(– 4) – 15 7

Rantau B memuaskan kedua-dua ketaksamaan.
2
1 y = –2x + 1 y = 2 – 3x Region B satisfies both inequalities.
x x
0 1 0 2
2 3 G 1. y

5 y = 2x + 3
4
6.2 Sistem Ketaksamaan Linear dalam Dua Pemboleh Ubah
y=3
3
E 1. (a) x + y < 250
2
(b) y > 2x 1
y = 2x
(c) x – y > 15 1
2. (a) t + s , 10 x
–2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
(b) t + s > 4 –1
(c) t – s . 1
3. (a) x + y < 100

2. y
(b) 7x + 6y > 700
x=3
6
F 1. y=4
Rantau Titik Ketaksamaan 4
3/7
Region Point Inequalities
2
2 > –2(1) + 6 7
A (1, 2) x
–4 –2 O 2 4 6
2,3 7
–2
4 < –2(4) + 6 3 y = –3x + 5
B (4, 4) –4
4,3 7
1 > –2(4) + 6 3
C (4, 1)
1,3 3 3. y
8
Rantau C memuaskan kedua-dua ketaksamaan. y=7
Region C satisfies both inequalities. 6
y = 2x – 2
2. 4
Rantau Titik Ketaksamaan
3/7
Region Point Inequalities 2
8 < 2(–2) + 8 7
A (–2, 8) x
8 > –(–2) + 3 3 –4 –2 O 2 4 6
–2
4 < 2(4) + 8 3
B (4, 4) y = –2x + 6
4 > –4 + 3 3 –4

1 < 2(1) + 8 3
C (1, 1)
1 > –1 + 3 7

Rantau B memuaskan kedua-dua ketaksamaan.
Region B satisfies both inequalities.

H 1. y = –x + 2; 2. y
y
x 0 2 (–5, 6)
y 2 0 4 1
x=2
3

y = 2x + 1; 2 1
x
x 0 1 y = 2x + 1 2 0
x
y 1 3 –2 O 2 4
Persamaan/ Equation 1:
y = –x + 2
–2 6–1
Kecerunan/ Gradient = = –1
–5 – 0
Pintasan-y/ y-intercept, c = 1
2. y = –3x – 3 y \ y = –x + 1
x 0 –1 4 Persamaan/ Equation 2:
y –3 0 Garis lurus ialah paksi-x.
2 The straight line is x-axis.
4y = –3x + 8 \ y = 0
4y = –3x +8
x Persamaan/ Equation 3:
x 0 4 O
–2 2 4 Garis lurus adalah selari dengan paksi-y.
y 2 –1 The straight line is parallel to y-axis.
–2
y = –3x – 3 \ x = –5
Maka, ketaksamaan yang memuaskan rantau berlorek:
Hence, the inequalities that satisfy the shaded region:
y < –x + 1, y > 0 dan/and x . –5
3. 2y = x – 1 y
x 3 –1 4 1
3. m = – =2
y=3 1
y 1 –1 (– )
2
2
c=1

y = –x + 2

∴ y = 2x + 1
x 0 2 x
–2 O 2 4
y 2 0 3
m=– = –1
–2 3
2y = x – 1 y = –x + 2 c=3

∴ y = –x + 3
I 1. Persamaan/ Equation 1:
0–4 y , 2x + 1, y < –x + 3 dan / and y > 0
Kecerunan/ Gradient = =1
0–4
Pintasan-y/ y-intercept, c = 0 J 1. (a) x + y < 80

\ y = x y – x < 20
(b) x + y = 80;
Garis lurus ialah paksi-y. x 0 80
The straight line is y-axis.
y 80 0
\ x = 0
Garis lurus adalah selari dengan paksi-x. y – x = 20;
The straight line is parallel to x-axis.
x 0 50
\ y = – 4
y 20 70
y < x, x < 0 dan/and y . –4

(c) Julat bilangan guru adalah antara 20 hingga 50 orang.

y The range of the number of teachers is between 20 to 50
teachers.
80
x + y = 80
x – y = 20
SPM
60
12
1. m = –
18
40
2
= –
3
c = 12
y = mx + c
20
2
∴ y = – x + 12
3
x Rantau berlorek di atas garis lurus
O 20 40 60 80 Shaded region is above the straight line
2
y > – x + 12
3
3y > –2x + 36
(c) Bilangan minimum pelajar Matematik Tambahan 2x + 3y > 36
The minimum number of Additional Mathematics students
= 20 Jawapan / Answer: D
Bilangan maksimum pelajar Matematik Tambahan
The maximum number of Additional Mathematics students
10 – (–2)
= 40 2. m =
5 – (–7)
= 1
2. (a) x + y < 40; Menggunakan / Using (5, 10)

15x + 35y > 700 y = mx + c
3x + 7y > 140 10 = 1(5) + c
c = 5
(b) y ∴y=x+5
40 Rantau berlorek di bawah garis lurus

Shaded region is below the straight line
y,x+5
x + y = 40
30
Jawapan / Answer: A
20 3. y = 2x + 6 (Garis padu / Solid line)

∴ y < 2x + 6
y = x (Garis padu / Solid line)
3x + 7y = 140
10 ∴y>x
y = 6 (Garis sempang / Dashed line)
∴y,6
x
O 10 20 30 40 Jawapan / Answer: C
4. y > x (Garis padu / Solid line):

(c) 15 buah kereta / cars Lorek atas garis lurus
Shade above the straight line
SPM y , –x + 5 (Garis sempang / Dashed line):
Lorek bawah garis lurus
(a) x + y < 80 y Shade below the straight line
x – y < 10 y
80
x + y = 80 y=x
(b) x + y = 80; 70
60
x 0 80
50
y 80 0 x – y = 10
40 x
30 O
x – y = 10; y = –x + 5
20
x 10 40 10
x Jawapan / Answer: A
y 0 30 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

5. y < –x + 8 8. y < 2x y y = 2x
Lorek bawah garis lurus Lorek bawah garis lurus
Shade below the straight line Shade below the straight line
y . 2x 2y > x
Lorek atas garis lurus Lorek atas garis lurus 2y = x
Shade above the straight line Shade above the straight line x
0 4
x=4
x . 1 (Garis sempang / Dashed line) x < 4 (Garis padu / Solid line)
Lorek belah kanan garis lurus Lorek belah kiri garis lurus
Shade the right side of the straight line Shade the left side of the straight line
y
x=1 y = 2x
9. y > 2x – 6
Lorek atas garis lurus y
y = –x + 8 Shade above the straight line y = 2x – 6
4
y.1–x
Lorek atas garis lurus x
0
x y=1–x
0
y < 4 (Garis padu / Solid line)
6. y > 6 – 2x
Shade below the straight line
Lorek atas garis lurus
y<6
10. (a) x + y < 250
1
y > x
x , 3 (Garis sempang / Dashed line) 2
Lorek belah kiri garis lurus (b) x + y = 250
Shade the left side of the straight line
x 0 250
y x=3
y 250 0
y=6
1
y= x
2
x x 0 200
0 3
y = 6 – 2x y 0 100

7. y > x – 1
y
Lorek atas garis lurus
1 250
y< x+1 x + y = 250
3
Lorek bawah garis lurus 200
150
y . –3 (Garis sempang / Dashed line)
100 1
Lorek belah kanan garis lurus y= x
2
Shade the right side of the straight line
50
y
x
0 50 100 150 200 250
1 x+1
y=— y=x–1
3
x
–3 0
–1 (c) Jisim minimum / Minimum mass
= 50 kg
Jisim maksimum / Maximum mass
= 150 kg


Jarak / Distance (m)

BAB 7 Graf Gerakan
350
300
7.1 Graf Jarak-Masa
250
A 1. Jarak / Distance (m) 200
25 150
20 100
15 50
Masa (min)
10 O Time (min)
1 2 3 4 5 6
5
Masa / Time
O 10 20 30 40 50 (min)
C 1. (a) positif / positive
(b) 25 m; 10 s
(c) sifar / zero
2. Jarak / Distance (m) (d) pegun / stationary; 10 s
(e) 25 m; 40 s
50
(f) negatif / negative
40 (g) 50 m; bertentangan / opposite; 20 s
30 8
D 1. (a) Laju / Speed =
20 4
= 2 m s–1
10
Masa / Time 124
(b) Laju / Speed =
O 5 10 15 20 25 (s) 2.5
= 49.6 km j–1 (km h–1)
39 – 9
3. Jarak / Distance (m) 2. (a) Laju / Speed =
5–0
75 30
=
5
60 = 6 m min–1
45 54 – 12
(b) Laju / Speed =
30 0.8 – 0
42
15 =
0.8
Masa / Time
O (s) = 52.5 m j–1 (m h–1)
2 4 6 8 10
E 1. Laju kereta / Speed of car

120 – 0
B 1. =

Masa, t (min) 2–0
0 6 = 60 km/j (km/h)
Time, t (min)
Jarak, s (m) Laju van / Speed of van
350 50
Distance, s (m) 0 – 120
=
3–0
Apabila / When t = 0, Apabila / When t = 6, = –40 km/j (km/h)
s = –50(0) + 350 s = –50(6) + 350
= 350 = 50 Perbezaan laju / Difference in speed
= 60 – 40
= 20 km/j (km/h)
F 1. (a) Laju kereta bagi 2 jam yang pertama

Speed of the car for the first 2 hours
130 – 0
= 0900 – 0700
2
= 2 jam / hours
= 65 km/j (km/h)

Kereta itu bergerak sejauh 130 km dengan laju 65 km/j 7.2 Graf Laju-Masa
bagi 2 jam yang pertama.
The car moves for 130 km with a speed of 65 km/h in the I 1. Laju / Speed (m s–1)
first 2 hours.
10
(b) Laju kereta bagi 0.75 jam yang terakhir
Speed of the car for the last 0.75 hours 8
190 – 140 1015 – 0930
= 6
0.75 = 45 minit / minutes
= 66.7 km/j (km/h) = 45 4
60
Kereta itu bergerak sejauh 50 km = 0.75 jam / hours 2
dengan laju 66.7 km/j bagi 0.75 jam Masa / Time
yang terakhir. O 1 2 3 4 5 (s)
The car moves for 50 km with a speed of 66.7 km/h in the
last 0.75 hour.
G 1. Laju purata / Average speed 2. Laju / Speed (m s–1)

7+5
= 25
1.5
= 8 km j–1 (km h–1) 20
15
H 1. (a) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
= 50 + 50 10
= 100 km
5
50 Masa / Time
(b) Masa / Time =
75 O 2 4 6 8 10 (s)
2
= jam / hours
3
Maka / Hence, t = 40 minit / minutes 3. Laju / Speed (m s–1)
(c) Laju purata / Average speed 5

100
= 4
100
60 3
= 60 km j–1 (km h–1) 2
1
2. (a) Jumlah jarak / Total distance Masa / Time
= 65 + 65 O 10 20 30 40 50 (s)
= 130 km
65 – 36
(b) Masa / Time =
43.5
J 1.
2 t (s) 0 20
= jam / hours
3
v (m s ) –1
60 0
2
× 60
60 – t =
3
Laju / Speed (m s–1)
= 40
t = 60 – 40
60
= 20 minit / minutes
45
(c) Laju purata / Average speed
130 30
=
150
1 60 2 15
Masa (s)
= 52 km j–1 (km h–1) O 5 10 15 20 Time (s)

2. (b) Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled

t (s) 0 4
1 30
v (m s–1) 2 6 =
2
×  
60
× 20
= 5 km
2. (a) Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled
1
8 = × (30 + 90) × 0.04
2
6 = 2.4 km
4 (b) Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled
1
2 = × (60 + 20) × 6
2
Masa(s) = 240 km
O 1 2 3 4 Time(s)
M 1. Jarak yang dilalui

Distance travelled
3. 1
t (s) 0 12 = × (24 + 18) × 36
2
v (m s–1) 50 20 = 756 m
2. Jarak yang dilalui
Distance travelled
1
50 = × [(16 – 7) + 20] × 28
2
40 = 406 m
30 3. Jarak yang dilalui
20 Distance travelled
1 1
10 = × (10 + 6) × 2 + × (6 + 4) × 6
2 2
Masa(s) = 16 + 30
O 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time(s)
= 46 m
1
N 1. (a)
× (18 + t – 6) × 24 = 312
4. 2
t (s) 0 6 312
12 + t =
v (m s–1) 5 25 12
= 26
t = 14
1 1
25
(b) × (9 + 9 – t) × 12 + × (12 + 20) × 6 = 180
2 2
6(18 – t ) + 96 = 180
20
180 – 96
18 – t =
15 6
= 14
10
t = 4
5
Masa(s) O 1. Jumlah jarak yang dilalui
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time(s) The distance travelled
1 1
= 3 × (16 + 10) × 44 + 3 × (5 + 8) × 104
2 2
= 52 + 65
K 1. Luas di bawah graf / Area under the graph
= 117 m
= 2 j × 75 km j–1 (2 h × 75 km h–1)
= 150 km Laju purata/ The average speed
117
Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled =
12
= Laju × Masa / Speed × Time
= 9.75 m s–1
= 75 km j–1 × 2 j / (75 km h–1 × 2 h)
= 150 km
2. Jumlah jarak yang dilalui
2. jarak yang dilalui / distance travelled The total distance travelled
1 1
L 1. (a) Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled = 3 × (24 + 27) × 94 + 3 × (15 – 9) × 274
2 2
1 = 229.5 + 81
= × 2 × 12
2 = 310.5 m
= 12 km

Laju purata / The average speed (b) Jarak dalam t saat = 282

310.5 The distance in t seconds
= 162 + (t – 9)(20) = 282
15
= 20.7 m s–1 162 + 20t – 180 = 282
20t – 18 = 282
P 1. (a) Tiada perubahan / No changes; t = 15
laju seragam / uniform speed (c) Pecutan / Acceleration = 0.8 m s–2
(b) sifar / zero v – 20
(c) bertambah / increases; 15 m s–1; 30 m s–1; = 0.8
25 – 15
pecutan / acceleration
v – 20
(d) positif / positive = 0.8
10
(e) positif / positive
(f) berkurang / decreases; 30 m s–1; 0 m s–1; v – 20 = 8
nyahpecutan / deceleration v = 28
(g) negatif / negative
4. (a) Kadar perubahan laju
(h) negatif / negative
Rate of change of speed
Q 1. Kadar perubahan laju bagi 8 saat pertama 15 – 2.5
=
Rate of change of speed for the first 8 seconds 10 – 0
10 – 30 = 1.25 m s–2
=
8–0
(b) Jarak yang dilalui
= –2.5 m s–2
Distance travelled
Kadar perubahan laju bagi 17 saat terakhir 1
Rate of change of speed for the last 17 seconds = 3 × (2.5 + 15) × 104 + 3(20 – 10) × 154
2
20 – 10 = 87.5 + 150
=
25 – 8 = 237.5 m
= 0.59 m s–2
Objek mengalami nyahpecutan dengan kadar 2.5 m s–2 bagi (c) Pecutan selepas saat ke-20 = pecutan pada 10 saat yang
8 saat pertama dan pecutan dengan kadar 0.59 m s–2 bagi pertama
17 saat terakhir. Acceleration after 20th second = acceleration in the first
The object decelerates at a rate of 2.5 m s–2 for the first 10 seconds
8 seconds and accelerates at a rate of 0.59 m s–2 for the last
0 – 15
17 seconds. –1 t – 20 2 = 1.25
–15
R 1. Jarak kereta A(OPQ) – jarak kereta B(RS) = 35
Distance of car A(OPQ) – distance of car B(RS) = 35
1 t – 20 2 = 1.25
–
1 1 15
= 1.25
3 2 × (18 + 18 – 8) × (v – 10)4 – 3 2 × v × (22 – 8)4 = 35 t – 20
14v – 140 – 7v = 35 t – 20 = 12
7v = 175 t = 32
v = 25
SPM
2. Jarak kereta (ORS) – jarak van(TU) = 50
Distance of the car (ORS) – distance of the van(TU) = 50 1. (a) (i) Masa apabila kereta dan van bertemu
1 1 The time when the car and the van meet
3 2 × (15 + 15 – 5) × (v – 8)4 – 3 2 × v × (15 – 5)4 = 50 = 3.40 p.m. + 50 minit / minutes
12.5(v – 8) – 5v = 50 = 4.30 p.m.
12.5 v – 100 – 5v = 50
7.5v = 150 (ii) Jarak dari Bandar L / The distance from Town L
v = 20 = 90 – 40
= 50 km
3. (a) Jumlah jarak untuk 9 saat pertama
The total distance for the first 9 seconds
(b) Laju purata / Average speed
1
= × (16 + 20) × 9 90
2 =
130
= 162 m
60 1 2
162
Laju purata / Average speed = = 41.54 km j–1 (km h–1)
9
= 18 m s–1
2. (a) 48 km j–1 (km h–1)

(b) Kadar perubahan laju / The rate of change of speed (b) Jarak yang dilalui / The distance travelled = 550
48 1 1
= 3 × (v + 18) × 84 + 3(26 – 8) × 184 + 3 × (36 – 26) × 184 = 550
20 2 2
60 1 2 4(v + 18) + 324 + 90 = 550
4v + 72 + 414 = 550
= 144 km j–2 (km h–2) 4v = 64
v = 16
1
(c) 20 minit / minutes = jam / hour
3
4. (a) Tempoh masa / Duration of time
Beza jarak = 32 =8–4
The difference in distance = 4 saat / seconds
1 1 1 1
31 2 ×
3 2 1
× 48 + t –
3
× 48 –2 2 4 3
× t × 48 = 32 4 (b) Kadar perubahan laju / The rate of change of speed
8 + 48t – 16 – 24t = 32 18 – 0
=
24t – 8 = 32 4–0
5 = 4.5 m s–2
t =
3
5 4

3
jam / hours
t = (c) 1Jarak yang dilalui
4 saat pertama 2 = 7
× 1jarak yang dilalui dari saat
ke-8 hingga saat ke-t 2

= 100 minit / minutes Distance travelled in 4 Distance travelled from the 8th
1
the first 4 seconds
= 2 7
× 1second to t th second 2
SPM
1
× 4 × 18 =
4
×
1
× (t – 8) × (18 + 24)
2 7 2
1. (a) Tempoh masa / Period of time 36 = 12(t – 8)
= 80 – 50 36 = 12t – 96
= 30 minit / minutes 12t = 136
t = 11
(b) Laju / Speed
70 – 150 5. (a) Tempoh masa / Length of time
=
50 = 15 minit / minutes
60 1 2
(b) Laju / Speed
= –96 km j–1 (km h–1)
96
=
(c) Jarak yang dilalui / Distance travelled = 70 km 60 + 45
160 2
2. (a) (i) p = 130 – 60 = 54.86 km j–1 (km h–1)
= 70
q = 60 + 30 (c) Purata laju / The average speed
= 90 240
=
4
(ii) Jarak / Distance (km) = 60 km j–1 (km h–1)
130
34 – 12
6. (a) = 2.75
t – 12
22 = 2.75(t – 12)
p = ___
70 22
t – 12 =
2.75
= 8
Masa (min) t = 20
0 Time (min)
50 q = ___
90 170
(b) 20 – 12 = 8 minit / minutes
(c) Laju purata / Average speed
(b) Laju purata / The average speed
20
130 = 34 ÷
= 60
170
1
60 2 = 102 km j–1 (km h–1)
= 45.88 km j–1 (km h–1)
3. (a) Kadar perubahan laju / The rate of change of speed

0 – 18
=
36 – 26
= –1.8 m s–2

(b) Pemain K mempunyai serakan jarak yang lebih luas.

BAB 8 Sukatan Serakan Data Tak Terkumpul Player K has a wider dispersion of distance.
(c) Pemain J kerana kebanyakan jaraknya berada pada nilai
yang lebih tinggi.
8.1 Serakan Player J because most of the distance at a higher value.
A 1. Umur terbesar / Largest age = 58 8.2 Sukatan Serakan

Umur terkecil / Smallest age = 29
Beza umur / Difference in age C 1. (a) Julat / Range
= 58 – 29 =8–1=7
= 29 tahun / years (b) Julat / Range
= 100 – 30 = 70
2. Bilangan mesej tertinggi
(c) Julat / Range
Highest number of messages
= 53 – 43 = 10
= 20 mesej / messages
(d) Julat / Range
Bilangan mesej terendah = 9.2 – 6.8 = 2.4
Lowest number of messages
= 13 mesej / messages 2. (a) Julat / Range
= 50 – 10 = 40
Beza / Difference
(b) Julat / Range
= 20 – 13
=5–0=5
= 7 mesej / messages
D 1.
3. Masa terpanjang / Longest time 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 58, 60, 63, 65
= 89 minit / minutes
Q1 Median Q3
Masa terpendek / Shortest time
= 33 minit / minutes Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 60 – 51
Beza masa / Difference in time =9
= 89 – 33
= 56 minit / minutes 2.
11, 12, 15, 16, 16, 18, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 24, 26
B 1. (a) Ujian Februari Ujian Mei Q1 Median Q3
February Test May Test
4 4 6 8 8 Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
3 2 5 2 5 22 + 24 15 + 16
= –
7 6 5 6 2 3 4 5 7 9 2 2
4 4 2 0 7 0 3 7 = 7.5
6 5 4 4 2 8 0
3.
9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17
Kekunci: 4 | 4 | 6 bermakna 44 markah dan 46 markah.
Key: 4 | 4 | 6 means 44 marks and 46 marks. Q1 Median Q3
(b) Kebanyakan markah ujian Februari adalah lebih baik Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
daripada ujian Mei. = 15 – 10
Most of the marks in February test are better than in May =5
test.
4.
2. (a) 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9
Pemain J / Player J
Q1 Median Q3
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
1.6 + 1.7 1.3 + 1.4
= –
2 2
68 69 70 71 72 = 0.3
Jarak (m) / Distance (m)
Pemain K / Player K
68 69 70 71 72
Jarak (m) / Distance (m)

5. 3. Min / Mean
Bilangan buku
– 31 + 32 + 34 + 36 + 40 + 45 + 48
dibaca x =
1 2 3 4 5 7
Number of
= 38
books read
x – 2)
(x – x Varians / Variance
Kekerapan
Frequency
10 3 6 5 8
31 49 (x – x–)2
s2 =
N
Kekerapan 32 36 258
longgokan =
10 13 19 24 32 34 16 7
Cumulative
= 36.857
frequency 36 4
Kedudukan data 40 4 Sisihan piawai
1 – 10 11 – 13 14 – 19 20 – 24 25 – 32
Position of data Standard deviation
45 49
s = 36.857
1 1 48 100 = 6.071
Q1 = cerapan ke- 14 × 32 / 14 2
× 32 th value
(x – x–2)= 258
= cerapan ke-8 / 8th value
=1 4.
3 3 x x2 Min / Mean
Q3 = cerapan ke-
4 1
× 32 /
4 2 1
× 32 th value 2 0.6 0.36 x =
12.8
= cerapan ke-24 / 24 value
th 10
=4 0.8 0.64 = 1.28
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range 0.9 0.81 Varians / Variance
=4–1 0.9 0.81 x2
s2 = – x 2
=3 N
1.1 1.21 18.54
= – 1.282
E 1. Min / Mean 1.4 1.96 10
15 + 16 + 18 + 20 + 24 + 25 + 29 = 0.2156
x= = 21 1.6 2.56
7 Sisihan piawai
1.7 2.89
Varians / Variance Standard deviation
x (x – x) 2
1.7 2.89
(x – x)2 s = 0.2156
15 36 s2 = 2.1 4.41 = 0.464
N
16 25 160 x = 12.8 x = 18.54
2
=
7
18 9
= 22.857
20 1 F 1. Min / Mean
Sisihan piawai 3(5) + 6(6) + 8(7) + 9(8) + 4(9)
24 9 x =
Standard deviation 3+6+8+9+4
25 16 s = √22.857 215
=
29 64 = 4.781 30
= 7.167
(x – x)2 = 160
Varians / Variance
3(5)2 + 6(6)2 + 8(7)2 + 9(8)2 + 4(9)2
2. s2 = – 7.1672
x x2 Min / Mean 30
11.0 121.00 139.7 1 583
x = = – 7.1672
11 30
11.5 132.25 = 12.7 = 1.401
11.7 136.89
Varians / Variance Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
11.9 141.61
x2 s = 
1.401
12.3 151.29 s2 = – x 2
N = 1.184
12.6 158.76 1 786.53
= – 12.72
11 2. Min / Mean
13.2 174.24 18(15) + 23(16) + 28(17) + 19(18) + 12(19)
= 1.122
x =
13.4 179.56 18 + 23 + 28 + 19 + 12
Sisihan piawai 1 684
13.8 190.44 =
Standard deviation 100
14.0 196.00 s = 1.122 = 16.84
14.3 204.49 = 1.059
x = 139.7 x = 1 786.53
2

Varians / Variance 2.
18(15)2 + 23(16)2 + 28(17)2 + 19(18)2 + 12(19)2
s2 = – 16.842
100
28 518
= – 16.842
100
= 1.5944 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation 3.
s = 
1.5944
= 1.263
3. Min / Mean
110 120 130 140 150 160
9(1.0) + 5(1.1) + 7(1.2) + 4(1.3) + 6(1.4)
x =
9+5+7+4+6
36.5 I
= 79 – 63
31 1. 53 85 71 63 79
= 1.177 = 16
0.53 – 0.42
Varians / Variance 2. 0.36 0.68 0.45 0.42 0.53
= 0.11
9(1.0)2 + 5(1.1)2 + 7(1.2)2 + 4(1.3)2 + 6(1.4)2
s2 = – 1.1772
31
J 1. (a) Varians / Variance = 1.42 = 1.96
43.65
= – 1.1772 Julat baharu / New range
31
= 0.023 = 16 × 4 = 64
Julat antara kuartil baharu / New interquartile range
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 8 × 4 = 32
s = 
0.023 Varians baharu / New variance
= 0.151 = 1.96 × 42 = 31.36
4. Min / Mean Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
5(1) + 13(2) + 10(3) + 7(4) + 5(5) = 1.4 × 4 = 5.6
x =
5 + 13 + 10 + 7 + 5 (b) Varians / Variance = 1.82 = 3.24
114
= Julat baharu / New range
40
= 28 × 9 = 252
= 2.85
Varians / Variance = 16 × 9 = 144
5(1)2 + 13(2)2 + 10(3)2 + 7(4)2 + 5(5)2 Varians baharu / New variance
s2 = – 2.852
40 = 3.24 × 92 = 262.44
384 Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
= – 2.852
40 = 1.8 × 9 = 16.2
= 1.4775
2. (a) Varians / Variance = 32 = 9
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
Julat baharu / New range
s = 
1.4775
= 1.216 25
= =5
5
G 1. Julat / Range
27, 61, 62, 63, 65, 72, 74, 78 10
= 78 – 27 = =2
5
= 51 Q1 Q3 Varians baharu / New variance
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range 9
= 2 = 0.36
72 + 74 61 + 62 5
= – = 11.5 Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
2 2
Julat antara kuartil kerana terdapat pencilan, iaitu 27. 3
= = 0.6
Interquartile range because there is an outlier, which is 27. 5
H 1. (b) Varians / Variance = 7.42 = 54.76

Julat baharu / New range
35
= = 5.833
6
40 45 50 55 60 65 18
= =3
6

Varians baharu / New variance Σx Σx2

7 = 22 = – 7 2
54.76 50 50
= = 1.521 Σx2
62 Σx = 350 = 4 + 49
50
Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
Σx2 = 2 650
7.4
= = 1.233
6 2. (a) Min / Mean
2 + 4 + 5 + 7 + 8 + 11 + 13 550
K 1. x = = 7.143 x= = 55
7 10
22 + 42 + 52 + 72 + 82 + 112 + 132 (b) Varians / Variance

s = – 7.1432 35 542
7 s2 = – 552
= 3.602 10
= 529.2
(a) Min baharu / New mean
(c) Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
2 + 4 + 7 + 8 + 11 + 13
= = 7.5 s = 529.2
6
= 23
Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
22 + 42 + 72 + 82 + 112 + 132
=
6
– 7.52 PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM
= 3.775
x2 x
1. s2 = – x 2 x =
(b) Min baharu / New mean N N
2 + 4 + 5 + 7 + 8 + 10 + 11 + 13 624 x
= = 7.5 16 = – x 2 6 =
8 12 12
Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation x 2 = 36 x = 72
22 + 42 + 52 + 72 + 82 + 102 + 112 + 132 x = 6
= – 7.52
8
= 3.5 17 + 18
2. Q1 = = 17.5 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 26, 29, 30
2
(c) Min baharu / New mean
26 + 29 Q1 Median Q3
2 + 4 + 5 + 7 + 8 + 11 + 13 + 25
Q3 = = 27.5
= = 9.375 2
8
Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 27.5 – 17.5
22 + 42 + 52 + 72 + 82 + 112 + 132 + 252
= – 9.3752 = 10
8
= 6.8
x
3. x =
N
L 1. Kamal:
p + (p – 2) + (p + 5) + (p + 3) + (p – 3) + (2p – 4)
Min masa / Mean time, x 8 =
6
8+5+7+6+4
= =6 48 = 7p – 1
5
p = 7
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation, s
82 + 5 2 + 7 2 + 6 2 + 4 2 Set data / Set of data: 7, 5, 12, 10, 4, 10
= – 62 = 1.414
5 x2 = 72 + 52 + 122 + 102 + 42 + 102 = 434
Hassan:
434
Min markah / Mean marks, x s2 = – 82
6
9+6+6+4+5
= =6 s = 2.887
5
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation, s
4. (a) Bagi kumpulan M / For group M:
92 + 6 2 + 6 2 + 4 2 + 5 2 x = 56 × 12 = 672
= – 62 = 1.673
5
Bagi kumpulan N / For group N:
Kamal menunjukkan prestasi yang lebih baik dalam sesi latihan x = 52 × 10 = 520
itu kerana sisihan piawainya yang lebih kecil menunjukkan
masanya yang konsisten. Min baharu / New mean
Kamal shows the better performance in the exercise session 672 + 520
=
because his standard deviation is smaller, shows that his time 12 + 10
is consistent. 1 192
=
22
Σx Σx2
M 1. x = s2 = – x 2 = 54.18
N N

(b) Bagi kumpulan M: 3 3

For group M:

Q3 = cerapan ke- 14 2 14
× 32 / 2
× 32 th value
x2 = cerapan ke-24 / 24th value
σ2 = – x 2
N = 25
x2
1.582 = – 562 Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
12
= 25 – 21
x2 = (1.582 + 562) × 12 = 4
= 37 661.957
Jawapan / Answer: A
Bagi kumpulan N:
For group N:
x2 3. Varians baharu / New variance
σ2 = – x 2
N = 1.42 × 22
x2 = 7.84
1.262 = – 522
10 Jawapan / Answer: D
x2 = (1.262 + 522) × 10
= 27 055.876 3 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 12 + 14
4. x =
8
Sisihan piawai baharu = 8
New standard deviation
x2 = 32 + 52 + 62 + 72 + 82 + 92 + 122 + 142
= 37 661.957 + 27 055.876
– 54.182 = 604
12 + 10
= 2.499 Sisihan piawai baharu / New standard deviation
604
= – 82
8
SPM = 3.391
1. Jawapan / Answer: B
17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 28, 31, 32
x2
Q1 Q3 5. σ 2 = – x 2
N
200
Q1 =
19 + 20 (8ℎ)2 = – (
g ) 2
2 4
= 19.5 64ℎ2 = 50 – g
g = 50 – 64ℎ2
28 + 31
Q3 = Jawapan / Answer: A
2
= 29.5
n + (n + 1) + (2n – 1) + (2n + 1) + (2n + 4)
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range 6. (a) = 9
5
= 29.5 – 19.5 8n + 5 = 45
= 10 8n = 40
Jawapan / Answer: C n = 5

2. (b) 5, 6, 9, 11, 14
Masa yang diambil
Kekerapan Kekerapan longgokan
(minit)
Frequency Cumulative frequency Q1 Q3
Time taken (minute)
Median
20 3 3
21 5 8 Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
11 + 14 5+6
22 6 14 = – =7
2 2
23 3 17
24 2 19 6+7+5+4+8+2
7. (a) x =
25 5 24 6
16
=
26 3 27 3
27 1 28 62 + 7 2 + 5 2 + 4 2 + 8 2 + 2 2 16 2
28 4 32
s2 =
6
–
3  
= 3.889
1 1

Q1 = cerapan ke- 14 2 14
× 32 / 2
× 32 th value
(b) s = 
3.889
= cerapan ke-8 / 8th value
= 21 = 1.972

8. Min / Mean Min / Mean

4+5+1+k+3 119
= x= = 3.719
5 32
13 + k
= Varians / Variance
5
515
s2 = 22 = 4
s2 =
– 3.7192
32
∑x2 = 2.263
s2 = – x 2
N
42 + 52 + 12 + k2 + 32 13 + k 2 11. (a) s2 = 42 = 16
4 =
5
–
5 1 2 ∑x2
s2 = – x 2
N
51 + k2 169 + 26k + k2
4 =
5
– 1 25 2 16 =
∑x2
– 122
8
4(25) = 5(51 + k2) – (169 + 26k + k2)
∑x2 = 1 280
100 = 255 + 5k2 – 169 – 26k – k2
100 = 4k2 – 26k + 86 (b) Varians / Variance
= 16 × 32
4k2 – 26k – 14 = 0 = 16 × 9
2k2 – 13k – 7 = 0 = 144
(k – 7)(2k + 1) = 0
x2
1 12. – x 2 = σ

k = 7, k = – N
2
2
22 + k2 + 112 2 + k + 11

k ialah integer positif, maka k = 7.

k is a positive integer, thus k = 7.

3
–  3  = 
14
k2 + 125 13 + k 2
9.
x f fx x2 fx2

3
–
3 
= 14
k + 125
2
169 + 26k + k2
1 3 3 1 3 – = 14
3 9
2 8 16 4 32
3k2 + 375 – 169 – 26k – k2 = 126
3 6 18 9 54 2k2 – 26k + 80 = 0
4 7 28 16 112 k2 – 13k + 40 = 0
(k – 5)(k – 8) = 0
5 5 25 25 125 k = 5, k = 8
6 1 6 36 36 13. (a) Bala:
∑fx = 96 ∑fx = 362
2 Min / Mean
56 + 72 + 65 + 30 + 45 + 67
=
Min / Mean 6
96 = 55.8
x= = 3.2
30
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation 562 + 722 + 652 + 302 + 452 + 672
= – 55.82
362 6
s = – 3.22 = 14.59
30
= 1.352
Chandran:
Min / Mean
10. (a) y = 9
47 + 56 + 71 + 65 + 37 + 59
=
(b) 6
x f fx x2 fx2
= 55.8
1 2 2 1 2
2 6 12 4 24
472 + 562 + 712 + 652 + 372 + 592
3 8 24 9 72 = – 55.82
6
4 3 12 16 48 = 11.40
5 9 45 25 225 (b) Prestasi Chandran lebih baik kerana sisihan piawai markah
6 4 24 36 144 ujiannya lebih kecil daripada Bala.
Chandran’s performance is better because his standard
f = 32 fx = 119 fx2 = 515
deviation test marks is smaller than Bala’s.

1
3. P(kad nombor kotak A / number card of box A) =
BAB 9 Kebarangkalian Peristiwa Bergabung 4
2 1
P(kad nombor kotak B / number card of box B) = =
6 3
P(kedua-dua kad berlabel nombor)
9.1 Peristiwa Bergabung
P(both cards labelled with number)
A 1. S = {(1, 2), (1, 8), (1, 9), (2, 1), (2, 8), (2, 9), (8, 1), (8, 2), 1 1 1
= × =
(8, 9), (9, 1), (9, 2), (9, 8)} 4 3 12
2. S = {(3, 5), (3, 7), (5, 3), (5, 7), (7, 3), (7, 5)} E 1. (a) Katakan C dan L masing-masing mewakili coklat dan lolipop
3. S = {S1, S2), (S1, A), (S1, O), (S2, S1), (S2, A), (S2, O), Let C and L represent chocolate and lollipop respectively.
(A, S1), (A, S2), (A, O), (O, S1), (O, S2), (O, A)} Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan
B 1. S = {(B1, B2), (B1, B3), (B1, H1), (B1, H2), (B2, B1), (B2, B3), First choice Second choice Outcomes
4
(B2, H1), (B2, H2), (B3, B1), (B3, B2), (B3, H1), (B3, H2), 10 C (C, C)
(H1, B1), (H1, B2), (H1, B3), (H1, H2), (H2, B1), (H2, B2), 5
11
C
(H2, B3), (H2, H1)} 6 L (C, L)
5 10
2. Katakan A = angka dan G = gambar 6 10 C (L, C)
11 L
Let A = tail and G = head 5 L (L, L)
S = {(1, A), (1, G), (2, A), (2, G), (3, A), (3, G), (4, A), (4, G), 10
(5, A), (5, G), (6, A), (6, G)}
(b) (i) P(kedua-dua item adalah coklat)
3. S = {(P1, P2), (P1, K1), (P1, K2), (P2, P1), (P2, K1), (P2, K2), P(both items are chocolates)
(K1, P1), (K1, P2), (K1, K2), (K2, K1), (K2, P1), (K2, P2)}
5 4
= ×
4. S = {(L1, L2), (L1, P1), (L1, P2), (L2, L1), (L2, P1), (L2, P2), (P1, P2), 11 10
(P1, L1), (P1, L2), (P2, P1), (P2, L1), (P2, L2)} 2
=
11
5. S = {(L1, L2), (L1, P), (L2, L1), (L2, P), (P, L1), (P, L2)}
(ii) (kedua-dua item adalah lolipop)
9.2 Peristiwa Bersandar dan Peristiwa Tak Bersandar P(both items are lollipops)
6 5
= ×
C 1. Peristiwa tak bersandar/ Independent event 11 10
2. Peristiwa tak bersandar/ Independent event 3
=
11
3. Peristiwa bersandar/ Dependent event
4. Peristiwa tak bersandar / Independent event 2. (a) Katakan H dan M masing-masing mewakili guli hijau dan
5. Peristiwa bersandar/ Dependent event merah.
Let H and M represent green marble and red marble
6. Peristiwa tak bersandar/ Independent event
respectively.
7. Peristiwa tak bersandar/ Independent event
8. Peristiwa bersandar/ Dependent event Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan
First choice Second choice Outcomes
2 6
D 1. P(Nombor perdana / Prime number) = 7 7 H (H, H)
2 3 H
P(Gandaan 3 / Multiple of 3) = 8
3 1 M (H, M)
P(Nombor perdana dan gandaan 3) 7
1 M H (M, H)
P(Prime number and multiple of 3) 8 7
2 2 4 7
= × =
3 3 9 (b) (i) P(guli kedua berwarna merah)
2. Nombor genap / Even number = {12, 14, 16, 18, 20} P(second marble is red)
Faktor bagi 48 / Factors of 48 = {12, 16} 7 1
= ×
n(S) = 10 8 7
1
5 =
P(Nombor genap/ Even number) = 8
10
2 (ii) P(kedua-dua guli berwarna hijau)
P(Faktor bagi 48/ Factor of 48) =
10 P(both marbles are green)
P(Nombor genap dan faktor bagi 48) 7 6
P(Even number and factor of 48) = ×
8 7
5 2 3
= × =
10 10 4
1
=
10

3. (a) Katakan N dan M masing-masing mewakili nasi lemak dan 1

2. P(nombor 3/ number 3) =
mi goreng. 6
4
Let N and M represent nasi lemak and fried noodles P(nombor lebih besar dari 2 / numbers greater than 2) =
6
respectively. P(nombor 3 atau nombor lebih besar dari 2)
Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan P(number 3 or numbers greater than 2)
First choice Second choice Outcomes 1 4
= +
5 6 6
13 N (N, N) 5
6
N =
14 M (N, M) 6
8
6 13
N (M, N) 2
8 13 3. P(sebiji guli biru/ a blue marble) =
14 M 10
7 M (M, M) 3
13 P(sebiji guli hijau/ a green marble) =
10
(b) (i) P(kedua-dua makanan yang dipilih ialah nasi lemak) P(sebiji guli biru atau sebiji guli hijau)
P(both food chosed are nasi lemak) P(a blue marble or a green marble)
6 5 2 3
= × = +
14 13 10 10
15 1
= =
91 2
H 1. P(K < L) = P(K) + P(L)
(ii) P(kedua-dua makanan yang dipilih ialah mi goreng) = 0.46 + 0.35
P(both foods chosed are fried noodles) = 0.81
8 7
= × 2. P(A < B) = P(A) + P(B)
14 13
4 0.71 = 0.42 + P(B)
= P(B) = 0.29
13
3. P(A < B) = P(A) + P(B)
9.3 Peristiwa Saling Eksklusif dan Peristiwa Tidak Saling 25 11
= +
Eksklusif 46 46
18
F 1. P = {5, 6} =
23
Q = {1, 4}
4. P(A < B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B)
R = {1, 2, 4}
10 13 3
ξ = + –
R 22 22 22
Q P 10
=
1 5 11
2
4 6
I 1. (a) P(pengawas dan ahli Kelab Reka Cipta dipilih)
3 P(prefect and member of Kelab Reka Cipta is chosen)
= P(Q  R)
(a) Peristiwa P dan Q tidak boleh berlaku bersama. Maka, P 7 3
dan Q ialah peristiwa saling eksklusif. = ×
15 5
Events P and Q cannot occur together. Thus, P and Q are 7
mutually exclusive events. =
25
(b) Peristiwa P dan R tidak boleh berlaku bersama. Maka, P
dan R ialah peristiwa saling eksklusif. P(Hanya pengawas dipilih / Only prefect is chosen)
Events P and R cannot occur together. Thus, P and R are 7 7
= –
mutually exclusive events. 15 25
(c) Peristiwa Q dan R boleh berlaku bersama. Maka, Q dan 14
=
R ialah peristiwa tidak saling eksklusif. 75
Events Q and R can occur together. Thus, Q and R are
non-mutually exclusive events. P(Hanya ahli Kelab Reka Cipta dipilih)
P(Only member of Kelab Reka Cipta is chosen)
12 3 7
G 1. P(sebiji kacang merah / a red bean) = = –
46 5 25
20
P(sebiji kacang hijau / a green bean) = 8
46 =
25
P(sebiji kacang merah atau sebiji kacang hijau)
P(a red bean or a green bean) P(Kedua-dua tidak dipilih)
12 20 P(Both are not chosen)
= + 7 14 8
46 46 =1– – –
16 25 75 25
= 16
23 =
75

Lambungan 1 Lambungan 2 Kesudahan

ξ
Q R Throw 1 Throw 2 Outcomes
1
14 7 8
75 25 25 1
6 L (L, L)
16 L
6
75 5 L (L, L)
1 6
5 6 L (L, L)
(b) P(pengawas atau ahli Kelab Reka Cipta dipilih) 6 L
P(prefect or member of Kelab Reka Cipta is chosen) 5 L (L, L)
6
= P(Q  R)
7 3 7 P(mendapat nombor 5 sekurang-kurangnya sekali)
= + – P(getting number 5 at least once)
15 5 25
= P(L, L) + P(L, L9) + P(L9, L)
59
=
75 = 1 16 ×
1
6 2 + 1 16 ×
5
6 2 + 1 56 ×
1
6 2
J 1. Katakan A mewakili mangga rosak dan A9 mewakili mangga 11
=
yang tidak rosak. 36
Let A represents the rotten mango and A9 represents the un-
rotten mango. K 1. (a) M = lelaki dipilih / man is chosen
Kebarangkalian memilih mangga rosak = 7 W = perempuan dipilih / woman is chosen
The probability of choosing rotten mango 12 Pilihan 1 Pilihan 1 Kesudahan
Choose 1 Choose 1 Outcomes
Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan 7
First choice Second choice Outcomes 8
13 M (M, M)
7 14
M
6 W (M, W)
12 A (A, A) 8
7 A 13
12 13 M (W, M)
5 A9 (A, A9) 6
W
7 14
12 5 W (W, W)
5 12 A (A9, A)
12 A9 13
5 A9 (A9, A9)
12 P(kedua-duanya adalah lelaki)
P(Sekurang-kurangnya sebiji mangga adalah rosak) P(both are men)
= P(M, M)
P(At least one mango is rotten)
= P(A, A) + P(A, A9) + P(A9, A) 8 7
= ×
14 13
= 1 127 × 127 2 + 1 127 × 125 2 + 1 125 × 127 2 =
4
13
119
= (b) P(kedua-duanya adalah berlainan jantina)
144
P(both are different genders)
= P(M, W) + P(W, M)
2. T = tembakan mengenai sasaran / hit target 8 6 6 8
T’ = tembakan tidak mengenai sasaran / did not hit target = × + ×
14 13 14 13
Tembakan 1 Tembakan 2 Kesudahan 48
=
Shoot 1 Shoot 2 Outcomes 91
0.3 T (T, T) 2. (a) P(ketiga-tiga murid memakai jam tangan)

0.3 T P(all three pupils wear watch)
0.7 T9 (T, T9) = 0.32 × 0.32 × 0.32
0.3 T (T9, T) = 0.0328
0.7 T9
0.7 T9 (T9, T9) (b) P(hanya seorang murid memakai jam tangan)
P(only one pupil wears watch)
P(mengenai sasaran sekurang-kurangnya sekali) = (0.32 × 0.68 × 0.68) + (0.68 × 0.32 × 0.68) + (0.68 × 0.68 × 0.32)
P(hits the target at least once) = 3 × (0.32 × 0.68 × 0.68)
= P(T, T ) + P(T, T9) + P(T, T) = 0.4439
= (0.3 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.7) + (0.7 × 0.3)
(c) P(sekurang-kurangnya seorang murid memakai jam
= 0.51
tangan)
3. L = mendapat nombor 5 / getting number 5 P(at least one pupil wears watch)
L9 = tidak mendapat nombor 5 / not getting number 5 = 1 – P(semua murid tidak memakai jam tangan/
all pupils do not wear watch)
= 1 – (0.68 × 0.68 × 0.68)
= 0.6856

(b) P = 0
SPM Kerana Rita dan Tony adalah daripada persatuan yang sama.
Because Rita and Tony are from the same society.
1. (a) P(Raju < Suresh) = P(Raju) + P(Suresh)
4 1 4. (a) Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan
= + P(Suresh)
5 4 First choice Second choice Outcomes
11
P(Suresh) = RM15 (K, 15)
20 Kemeja (K)
RM25 (K, 25)
Shirt (K)
(b) P(Raju < Suresh)9 = 1 – P(Raju < Suresh) RM35 (K, 35)
4 RM15 (B, 15)
=1– Beg (B)
5 RM25 (B, 25)
Beg (B)
1 RM35 (B, 35)
=
5
RM15 (BS, 15)
Baju sukan (BS)
RM25 (BS, 25)
2. (a) P(hanya Alice dipilih / only Alice is chosen) Sport shirt (BS)
RM35 (BS, 35)
3 1 2
= × × RM15 (KS, 15)
4 5 3 Kasut (KS)
RM25 (KS, 25)
1 Shoes (KS)
= RM35 (KS, 35)
10
(b) P(sekurang-kurangnya seorang daripada mereka yang dipilih) P[(K, 15), (K, 25), (B, 15), (B, 25), (BS, 15), (BS, 25),
P(at least one of them is chosen) (KS, 15), (KS, 25)]
= 1 – P(semua tidak dipilih / all of them are not chosed) 8
P =
12
=1– 11
4
×
1
5
×
2
3 2 =
2
29 3
=
30 (b) P = 1 – P(BS, 35)
1
= 1 –
SPM 11
12
=
12
1. P(nombor gandaan 3 dan nombor perdana)
P(a multiple of 3 and a prime number) 5. (a)
2 3
= × Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan
4 4
3
=
8 O (K, O)
Jawapan / Answer: B P (K, P)
K
R (K, R)
2. P(kacang hijau / green bean) U (K, U)
24 K (O, K)

=
54 P (O, P)
O
R (O, R)
P(kacang soya / soybean) U (O, U)
16 K (P, K)
=
54 O (P, O)
P
P(sebiji kacang hijau atau sebiji kacang soya) R (P, R)
P(a green bean or a soybean) U (P, U)
24 16 K (R, K)
= +
54 54 O (R, O)
20 R
= P (R, P)
27 U (R, U)
Jawapan / Answer: C K (U, K)
O (U, O)
U
P (U, P)
3. (a)
n(S) = 4 × 3 = 12 R (U, R)

1 1
P =
+
12 12 (b) (i) P[(O, K), (O, P), (O, R), (O, U), (U, K), (U, O), (U, P), (U, R)]
1 8
= P =
6 20
2
=
5

(ii) P[(K, O), (K, U), (P, O), (P, U), (R, O), (R, U)]
P =
6 BAB 10 Matematik Pengguna: Pengurusan K
ewangan
20
3
= 10.1 Perancangan dan Pengurusan Kewangan
10
6. (a) A Menetapkan matlamat kewangan → Menilai kedudukan kewangan

Pilihan pertama Pilihan kedua Kesudahan
→ Mewujudkan pelan kewangan → Melaksanakan pelan kewan-
gan → Mengkaji semula dan menyemak kemajuan
Bryan (A, B) Setting goals → Evaluating financial status → Creating financial
Danial (A, D) plan → Carrying out financial plan → Reviewing and revising the
Ahmad
Mia (A, M) progress
Rita (A, R)
B Matlamat Jangka Pendek
Danial (B, D) Short-term Goal
Mia (B, M) • Membeli pakaian sukan
Bryan
Rita (B, R) Buying sport attire
Ahmad (B, A) • Membayar hutang RM500
Bryan (D, B) Paying a debt of RM500
Mia (D, M) • Menyimpan RM1 200 untuk membeli telefon pintar
Danial Saving RM1 200 to buy a smartphone
Rita (D, R)
Ahmad (D, A) Matlamat Jangka Panjang
Bryan (M, B) Long-term Goal
Danial (M, D) • Menyimpan dana persaraan
Mia Saving for retirement fund
Rita (M, R)
Ahmad (M, A) • Menyimpan untuk pendidikan anak-anak
Saving for children’s education
Bryan (R, B) • Membuat pelaburan ASB bernilai RM250 000
Danial (R, D) Making ASB investment worth RM250 000
Rita
Mia (R, M)
Ahmad (R, A)
C Membeli satu set televisyen bersama kabinet
S
Buy a set of television with the cabinet
(b) (i) {(A, M), (A, R), (B, M), (B, R), (D, M), (D, R)}
Harga satu set televisyen bersama kabinet ialah RM4 500
6 M
P = The price of a set of television with the cabinet is RM4 500
20
3 Menyimpan RM750 setiap bulan daripada jumlah
=
10 pendapatan bulanan RM5 000
A
(ii) {(D, R)} Save RM750 each month from her monthly income of
1 RM5 000
P =
20
RM750 adalah 15% daripada pendapatan bulanannya
R
RM750 is 15% of the monthly income
7. (a) S = {(A, B), (A, C), (A, D), (A, E), (B, C), (B, D), (B, E),
(C, D), (C, E), (D, E)} Dalam tempoh 6 bulan
T

(b) (i) {(A, D), (A, E), (B, D), (B, E), (C, D), (C, E)} Within 6 months
Kebarangkalian / Probability
6
=
10 D (a) Pendapatan aktif / Active income
3 (b) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income
=
5 (c) Pendapatan aktif / Active income
(d) Pendapatan aktif / Active income
(e) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income
(ii) S = {(A, B), (A, C), (A, D), (A, E), (B, C), (B, D),
(f) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income
(C, D), (C, E), (D, E)}
Kebarangkalian / Probability E (a) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense
1 (b) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
=1–
10 (c) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
9 (d) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense
= (e) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense
10
(f) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
(g) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
(h) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense

F 1. (a) Jumlah pendapatan / Total income I 1. Simpanan tetap bulanan / Fixed monthly savings
= RM2 200 + RM350 = RM2 550 10
= × RM4 200
Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total expenses 100
= RM800 + RM850 = RM1 650 = RM420
Aliran tunai / Cash flow Pendapatan pasif / Passive income
= RM2 550 – RM1 650 = RM900 = RM1 400 + RM350
\ Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow = RM1 750
(b) Jumlah pendapatan / Total income Pelan kewangan

= RM2 500 + RM300 = RM2 800 Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan
Financial plan
Income and Expenditure
Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total expenses (RM)
= RM1 900 + RM1 170 = RM3 070
Pendapatan bersih
Aliran tunai / Cash flow Net income
= RM2 800 – RM3 070 = –RM270 Gaji bersih / Net salary 4 200
\ Aliran tunai negatif / Negative cash flow Pendapatan pasif / Passive income 1 750
2. Aliran tunai / Cash flow Jumlah pendapatan bulanan 5 950
= RM2 600 + RM1 400 – (RM2 400 + RM1 800) Total monthly income
= RM4 000 – RM4 200 = –RM200 Tolak simpanan tetap bulanan (10% daripada gaji
\ Aliran tunai Negatif / Negative cash flow bulanan) 420
Selepas perubahan / After changes: Minus fixed monthly savings (10% of monthly salary)
Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expenses Tolak simpanan dana kecemasan
= 90% × RM2 400 = RM2 160 Minus savings for emergency fund 300
Aliran tunai / Cash flow Baki pendapatan / Income balance 5 230
= RM2 600 + RM1 400 – [RM2 160 + (RM1 800 – RM140)]
Tolak perbelanjaan tetap bulanan
= RM4 000 – RM3 820
Minus monthly fixed expenses
= RM180
Pinjaman rumah / Housing loan 1 000
\ Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow Ansuran kereta / Car instalment 800
G 1. (a) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings Premium insurans / Insurance premium 380
= RM90 × 4 bulan / months Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap bulanan 2 180
= RM360 Total monthly fixed expenses
Boleh dicapai / Can be achieved
Tolak perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan
(b) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings Minus monthly variable expenses
= RM250 × 12 × 5 Petrol dan tol / Petrol and toll 250
= RM15 000 Bill utiliti / Utility bills 300
Tidak boleh dicapai Hiburan / Entertainment 380
Cannot be achieved Pendidikan anak-anak / Children’s education 450
Perbelanjaan makanan / Food expenses 1 000
H 1. (a) x = RM2 800 – RM1 150 – RM1 550 Duit belanja keluarga / Family pocket money 400
= RM100
y = RM2 800 – RM1 150 – RM1 450 Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan 2 780
= RM200 Total monthly variable expenses
Pendapatan lebihan / Surplus of income 270
(b) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings
= RM750 × 54 bulan / months Pelan kewangan Encik Leong mempunyai pendapatan lebihan
= RM40 500 kerana jumlah pendapatan melebihi jumlah perbelanjaan.
Oleh itu, Rokiah dapat mencapai matlamat kewangan dan Mr Leong’s financial plan has a surplus of income because the
dia mempunyai lebihan RM500 (RM40 500 – RM40 000) total income exceeds the total expenses.
daripada simpanannya.
Thus, Rokiah can achieve her financial goal and has
a surplus of RM500 (RM40 500 – RM40 000) from her PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM
savings.
(c) Gaji baharu / New salary 1. Mengembara ke Eropah.
S
= 110% × RM3 500 = RM3 850 Travel to Europe.
Kenaikan gaji membolehkan simpanan bulanan ditambah
dan Rokiah dapat mengumpul jumlah wang yang diperlukan Kos mengembara ialah RM5 000.
M
dalam masa kurang daripada 54 bulan kerana jumlah The travelling cost is RM5 000.
perbelanjaan masih sama.
The salary increment enables the monthly savings increase Menyimpan RM350 setiap bulan daripada pendapatan
and Rokiah can save the amount needed in less than bulanan RM3 100.
A
54 months because the total expenses is still the same. Save RM350 every month from the monthly income of
RM3 100.

6. (a) Aliran tunai Rakesh / Rakesh’s cash flow

RM350 ialah 11% daripada jumlah pendapatan. = RM3 450 + RM300 – RM2 205 – RM1 620
R
RM350 is 11% of the total income. = –RM75
Dalam tempoh 15 bulan. Aliran tunai Monash / Monash’s cash flow
T = RM2 850 + RM400 – RM2 100 – RM780
Within 15 months.
= RM370
2. (a) Aliran tunai / Cash flow (b) Aliran tunai Monash lebih baik kerana dia mempunyai lebihan
= Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan pendapatan.
Total income – Total expenses Monash’s cash flow is better because he has a surplus of
= RM2 500 + RM500 – RM1 200 – RM1 350 income.
= RM450
(Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow)
Aliran tunai yang bernilai positif adalah baik kerana Xu Ling PENILAIAN AKHIR TAHUN
mempunyai lebihan pendapatan dan ini dapat membantunya
menghadapi perbelanjaan yang tidak dijangka. Kertas 1 / Paper 1
Positive cash flow is good because Xu Ling has a surplus
1. (4.09 – 0.003) ÷ 18
of income and this can help her in case of unexpected
= 4.087 ÷ 18
expenses.
= 0.227
(b) Aliran tunai / Cash flow = 0.23 (2 angka bererti / significant figures)
= Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan
Jawapan / Answer: C
Total income – Total expenses
= RM2 500 – [110% × (RM1 200 + RM1 350)] 2. 4.352000 = 4.352 × 106
= RM2 500 – RM2 805
∴ p = 6
= –RM305

Jawapan / Answer: D
(Aliran tunai negatif / Negative cash flow)
Aliran tunai yang menjadi negatif kerana Xu Ling mempunyai 3. 0.00263 – 3 × 10–5 = 0.00263 – 0.00003
defisit pendapatan dan ini mungkin menyebabkan dia mung- = 0.0026
kin menggunakan kad kredit kerana kekurangan wang. = 2.6 × 10–3
The cash flow is negative because Xu Ling has a deficit of
Jawapan / Answer: B
income and this may cause her to use credit card due to lack
of money. 4. x2 – 1

Jawapan / Answer: C
SPM 3
5. a .
1. Naik pangkat / Getting a promotion 2

∴ a = 3
Jawapan / Answer: B
Jawapan / Answer: D
2. Aset dan liabiliti diperlukan bagi menilai kedudukan kewangan –b

seseorang. 6. x =
2a
Assets and liabilities are needed to evaluate financial status.
=
Jawapan / Answer: B
= –3
3. Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap
Total fixed expenses
Jawapan / Answer: A
= RM70 + RM650 + RM500
= RM1 220 7. 42565
Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap Nilai digit / Digit value
Total variable expenses = 2 × 52
= RM760 + RM130 + RM175 + RM50 = 50
= RM1 115
Jawapan / Answer: C
Jawapan / Answer: A
8.
4. Pendapatan pasif / Passive income 64 63 62 61 60
= RM800 + RM150 2 0 3 0 16
= RM950

2 × 64 + 3 × 62 + 1 = 203016
Jawapan / Answer: B
Jawapan / Answer: D
5. Aliran tunai / Cash flow
= RM3 000 + RM300 – RM1 400
= RM1 900
Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow

9. 7(72 + 3) = 73 + 7(3) 15. 3 , –2

Jawapan / Answer: D
73 72 71 70
1 0 3 07
16. Akas: Jika q, maka p

7(72 + 3) = 10307 Converse: If q, then p

Jawapan / Answer: C Jika p = 2, maka p – 2 = 0
1 1 1
10. If p = 2, then p – 2 = 0
2 3 34
+ 3 2 14
Jawapan / Answer: C
1 2 2 0
4
17. p atau q adalah palsu apabila kedua-dua p dan q adalah palsu.

Jawapan / Answer: A p or q is false when both p and q are false.
p: –1 × 5 = 5 (palsu / false)
11. Sudut pedalaman heksagon = (6 – 2) × 180°
q: 1 + 5 = –5 (palsu / false)
Interior angle of hexagon = 720°
∠AFE = 360° – 170° Jawapan / Answer: B
= 190°
∠BGD = 360° – 120° 18. Kontrapositif: Jika ~q, maka ~p
= 240° Contrapositive: If ~q, then ~p
Jika x2 ≠ 16, maka x ≠ 4
50° + 190° + 90° + p + 240° + 70° = 720° If x2 ≠ 16, then x ≠ 4
p + 640° = 720°
p = 80°
Jawapan / Answer: C
360° – 2(120°) 19. L M

q =
2
= 60° 85 – 15 68 – 15
15
= 70 = 53
p + q = 80° + 60°
= 140°

Jawapan / Answer: C n() = 70 + 15 + 53
= 138
12. ∠OLK = 90° Jawapan / Answer: B

∠OLJ = 32°
x = 180° – 32° – (90° + 32°) 20. n(K) = n(K  L)
= 26° 4 + 9 + 6 = x – 4 + 10
19 = x + 6

Jawapan / Answer: A x = 13
13. y
Jawapan / Answer: C
A 21. ξ
4
B x
y
3
2
–4 P
x
–6 –4 –2 0 2 4
D C
–2

Jawapan / Answer: C

Jawapan / Answer: A
22. A: {(E, F), (E, G), (E, I), (G, H), (G, H), (H, I)}
3
14. Daripada / From tan ∠BCD = ,
4 Berbilang tepi / Multiple edges

BD = 3, CD = 4
B: {(E, F), (F, G), (G, G), (G, H), (G, I), (I, I)}
Maka / Hence, AD = 6, DE = 8
8
tan ∠DAE = Gelung / Loop
6
8 C: {(E, F), (E, G), (E, H), (F, H), (F, I), (H, I)}
∠DAE = tan–1
6   D: {(E, F), (E, F), (E, I), (F, F), (F, G), (G, H)}
= 53.13°
= 53°7 Berbilang tepi Gelung / Loop
Multiple edges

Jawapan / Answer: D

Jawapan / Answer: C

23. Σd(v) = 2E 31. A: 22 – 8 = 14

= 2(7) B: 26 – 11 = 15
C: 30 – 13 = 17
= 14 D: 62 – 47 = 15
Jawapan / Answer: D
Jawapan / Answer: A
24. Sistem ketaksamaan linear:
System of linear inequalities: 32. Setiap data asal didarab dengan 2.
y > –x + 4 → x + y > 4 Each original data is multiplied by 2.
y<x Varians baharu / New variance
x,4 = 4 × 22
x.0 = 16

Jawapan / Answer: B Jawapan / Answer: D
25. Laju purata / Average speed 4 – (–8)

33. m =
100 + 50 3–1
= 12
20 =
= 7.5 m s–1 2

Jawapan / Answer: A = 6
y = mx + c
26. Jarak yang dilalui / Travelled distance
1 y = 6x + c
= × (32 + 20) × 8 + 8 × 20 Gantikan (3, 4) ke dalam y = 6x + c
2
= 208 + 160 Substitute (3, 4) into y = 6x + c
= 368 m 4 = 6(3) + c
4 = 18 + c
Laju purata / Average speed
c = –14
368
= Pintasan-y ialah –14.
16
= 23 m s–1 y-intercept is –14.

Jawapan / Answer: C Jawapan / Answer: A
2x – 3 2
27. =
x–2 3 34. Katakan x = bilangan pembaris
3(2x – 3) = 2(x – 2) Let x = number of rulers
6x – 9 = 2x – 4 3 x
4x = 5 =
7 10 + 14 + x
5 3 x
x = =
4 7 24 + x

Jawapan / Answer: C 3(24 + x) = 7x
72 + 3x = 7x
y (3 – y)2 y (3 – y)(3 – y) 4x = 72
28.
+ = + x = 18
2 4y 2 4y
2y(y) + 9 – 6y + y2
Jawapan / Answer: A
=
4y
3y2 – 6y + 9
= 35. Kebarangkalian / Probability
4y
4 3
Jawapan / Answer: D = ×
10 9
2
=
 12   32   32 
3
– 1 –2 – 1 –2
15
29. (27 × 2–3) 3 ÷ ×3 = 3
3 ÷

Jawapan / Answer: D
3 4
= 
–1
÷
2 9
2 9 36. P(hanya seorang terpilih / only one is chosen)
=
3
×
4 2 4 3 5
= × + ×
3 5 9 5 9
=
2 23
Jawapan / Answer: C =
45

Jawapan / Answer: D
30. m(2n – 3m) – n(3m – 1) = 2mn – 3m2 – 3mn + n
= –3m2 – mn + n 37. P = RM18 000

Jawapan / Answer: B r = 5%


n = 3 kali / times 2. Isi padu hemisfera / Volume of the hemishere

t = 5 tahun / years 1 4 22
= × × × 2.13

MV = nilai matang / matured value 2 3 7

= 19.404 m3
r
 
nt
MV = P 1 + Isi padu kon / Volume of the cone
n
1 22
0.05 = × × 2.12 × 3
= 18 000 1 + 
(3)(5)
3 7
3 = 13.86 m 3
= RM23 064.88
Isi padu objek / Volume of the object

Jawapan / Answer: C = 19.404 + 13.86
= 33.26 m3
38. P = RM12 000
r = 4% 9 + 7p
3. 4p =
t = 6 tahun / years p+4
4p(p + 4) = 9 + 7p
A = Jumlah bayaran balik / Total repayment
4p2 + 16p – 7p – 9 = 0

A = P + Prt 4p2 + 9p – 9 = 0
(4p – 3)(p + 3) = 0
4
= 12 000 + (12 000)  100 (6) p =
3
4
, p = –3
= RM14 880
RM14 880 P

Ansuran bulanan = 4. OQ2 = OP 2 + PQ2
(6 × 12 bulan) m
= 82 + 152 8c
RM14 880 

Monthly instalment = OQ = 289 O
(6 × 12 months) 15 cm
= 17 cm
= RM206.67
RQ = 17 – 8

Jawapan / Answer: B = 9 cm
Q
15
5. sin ∠ADB =
39. Jumlah minimum yang perlu disimpan 17
Minimum amount that needed to be saved AB 15
=
RM3 500 BD 17
=
6
AD = 
172 – 152

= RM583.33 = 64

Jawapan / Answer: C = 8 cm
AC = 8 × 2
40. Perbelanjaan tidak tetap ialah percutian, utiliti rumah, gimnasium = 16 cm
dan belanja petrol. AB
Variable expenses are vacation, house’s utilities, gymnasium tan ∠BCD =
AC
and petrol expenses. 15
=
Jumlah / Amount 16
= RM800 + RM550 + RM150 + RM350 6. (a) Implikasi 1 / Implication 1:
= RM1 850 Jika 8j . 16, maka j . 2
If 8j . 16, then j . 2

Jawapan / Answer: A
Implikasi 2 / Implication 2:
Kertas 2 / Paper 2 Jika j . 2, maka 8j . 16
If j . 2, then 8j . 16
Bahagian A / Section A
RM30.80 x (b) Songsangan / Inverse:
1. (a) = Jika 3 > –5, maka 5 < –3
3.5 kg 1.8 kg
If 3 > –5, then 5 < –3
RM30.80
x = × 1.8 kg Palsu / False
3.5 kg
= RM15.84 7. (a) A
(b) p : q = 5 × 3 : 7 × 3
q : r = 3 × 7 : 4 × 7
p : q : r = 15 : 21 : 28 B

(b) A (b) f(x) = x2 – 5x – 6 f(x)
a = 1,
pintasan-y = –6
B x
y-intercept = –6 –1 O 6
x = –1, x = 6
–6
C
12. (a) (i) 215, 225
(ii) 308, 318
8. V = {P, Q, R, S}
n(V) = 4 (b) (i) 1148 = 1 × 82 + 1 × 8 1 + 4 × 8 0
= 7610
E = {(P, Q), (P, S), (P, S), (Q, Q), (Q, R), (R, S)}
1567 = 1 × 72 + 5 × 71 + 6 × 70
n(E) = 6
= 9010
1235 = 1 × 52 + 2 × 51 + 3 × 50
9. (a) Kadar perubahan laju = 3810
Rate of change of speed Oleh itu, Bahrin mendapat markah tertinggi.
40 – 24 Thus, Bahrin obtained the highest marks.
=
8–0
= 2 m/s2 (ii) 90 – 38 = 52
3 52
1 3 17 – 1
(b) × (40 + 24) × 8 + 40(t – 8) = 376
2 3 5 – 2
256 + 40(t – 8) = 376
3 1 – 2
40(t – 8) = 120
00 – 1
t – 8 = 3
t = 11
5210 = 12213
2 + 4 + k + 9 + 2k + 12
10. = 7 13. (a) A
6 B C
3k + 27 = 42
3k = 15
k = 5
F
22 + 42 + 52 + 92 + 102 + 122

σ2 = – 72
6
= 12.67
E D
Bahagian B / Section B (b) (i) D → E → F → B → A

(ii) D → E → F → B → C → D → E → F → A
11. (a) x2 – 5x – 6 = 0 v – 120
38 14. (a) = –32
1 2 1
(i) –
3 
–5 –
3 
–6=–
9
2.5 – 0
v – 120 = –80
Sebelah kiri ≠ sebelah kanan v = 40
Left hand side ≠ Right hand side
(b) (t – 2.5) × 40 = 20
∴ Bukan punca / Not a root
t – 2.5 = 0.5
(ii) (–1)2 – 5(–1) – 6 = 0 t = 3
Sebelah kiri = sebelah kanan (c) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
Left hand side = Right hand side
1 1
∴ Punca / A root = (120 + 40)(2.5) + 20 + (1)(40)
2 2
(iii) 52 – 5(5) – 6 = –6 = 240 km
Sebelah kiri ≠ sebelah kanan (d) Laju purata / Average speed
Left hand side ≠ Right hand side 240
∴ Bukan punca / Not a root =
4
(iv) 62 – 5(6) – 6 = 0 = 60 km/j (km/h)
Sebelah kiri = sebelah kanan 15. (a) ξ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}
Left hand side = Right hand side X = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13}
∴ Punca / A root Y = {3, 6, 9, 12}
(i) X  Y = {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13}
(ii) (X  Y) = {2, 4, 8, 10, 14}
(b) (i) 32

(ii) 20 (iii) 4
(iii) Bilangan murid yang tidak menggemari ketiga-tiga jenis
makanan (c)
Puan Selvi RM120
Number of pupils who do not favor all the three types
of food RM348
= 150 – (50 + 20 + 32 + 6 + 25) Puan Eng
= 17
(iv) Bilangan murid yang tidak menggemari mi goreng Dibelanjakan
Number of pupils who do not favor fried noodle Spent
= 150 – (6 + 25)
= 119 6 unit / units → RM348 – RM120
Bahagian C / Section C = RM228
RM228
16. (a) Katakan harga sebiji epal ialah RMa dan harga sebiji oren 1 unit →
6
ialah RMb. = RM38
Let the price of an apple is RMa and the price of an orange Jumlah wang Puan Selvi pada asalnya
is RMb. Puan Selvi’s amount of money at first
5a + 8b = 18 …  = (2 × RM38) + RM120
b = 0.3 + a …  = RM196
Gantikan  ke dalam  n 9
Substitute  into  17. (a)
=
20 4
5a + 8(0.3 + a) = 18

4n = 180
5a + 2.4 + 8a = 18
n = 45
13a = 15.6
15.6 (b) Ya. Ini kerana bilangan telefon pintar untuk dibaiki jenama Y
a = adalah kurang daripada jenama W dengan andaian tempoh
13
= 1.2 penggunaan setiap telefon itu adalah sama.
Yes. This is because the number of smarthones to be
Gantikan a = 1.2 ke dalam  repaired for brand Y is less than of brand W by assuming
Substitute a = 1.2 into  the period of usage of each phone is the same.
b = 0.3 + 1.2
(c)
= 1.5 Bilangan telefon pintar / Number of smartphones
Maka, harga sebiji epal ialah RM1.20 dan harga sebiji oren
80
ialah RM1.50.
Thus, the price of an apple is RM1.20 and the price of an
orange is RM1.50. 70
(b) (i) x < 8
y<x 60
x + y > 12
(ii)
50
y
x=8 40
12
x + y = 12 y=x
10 30
8 20
6 R 10
4 0
W X Y Z
Jenama / Brand
2
(d) Jenama W / Brand W
x Sudut sektor / Angle of sector
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 75
= × 360°
150
= 180°

Jenama X / Brand X
Sudut sektor / Angle of sector
45 W
= × 360°
150
= 108°
48°
Z 108°
Jenama Y / Brand Y
Sudut sektor / Angle of sector X
Y
10 24°
= × 360°
150
= 24°
(e) Kebarangkalian bahawa kedua-dua telefon pintar yang
Jenama Y / Brand Y dipilih adalah jenama yang sama
Sudut sektor / Angle of sector Probability that both smartphones chosen are of the same
20 brand
= × 360°
150
75 74 45 44 10 9
= 48° = × 
150 149  
+
150
×
149
+
150
× 
149 
20 19
+
150 ×
149 
37 66 3 38
= + + +
149 745 745 2 235
= 0.36

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JAWAPAN

1.1 Fungsi dan Persamaan Kuadratik (–5, 0)

C Nilai a Bentuk graf Titik minimum / maksimum F 1. (a)

1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2

(b) L 1. (a) 4x(x – 2) = 5

15x2 –4 –7x + 2n2 + 5n = 2n + 2

3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

(b) a = –1 , 0, bentuk f(x) 4. (a) a = 1 . 0, bentuk

(b) a = 1 . 0, bentuk f(x)

N 1. Luas mural 1 Luas mural 2

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 4

1. Bentuk graf , maka a . 0 7. x2 + 14 = 3(3x – 2)

2. Bentuk graf , maka p , 0

Jawapan / Answer: D 9. 12x(2x – 17) = 2 880

5 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

139 148 157 206 Nilai tempat

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 6

7 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

2. (a) 2110 = 2103 6. (a) 4710 = 657

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 8

9 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 10

11 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

0 – 1 Jawapan / Answer: A

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 12

16. 1101013 = 1 × 35 + 1 × 34 + 0 × 33 + 1 × 32 + 0 × 31 + 1 × 30 Purata bilangan pelanggan setiap hari 4 35

21. 4 B 1. (a) Palsu/False.

13 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

3. Jika garis lurus AB berserenjang dengan garis lurus CD, maka

E Pernyataan Benar / Palsu I 1. Implikasi 1: Jika i . j, maka –i , –j .

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 14

2. Premis 1 / Premise 1: 2. Tempoh masa = 2 jam 20 minit = 140 minit

15 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Luas kawasan tak berlorek bagi corak pertama

6. (a) A = p(6)2 ialah luas bulatan.

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 16

F 1. (a) (P > Q)9 = {1, 3, 9, 7}

D 1. j = {12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20} y

17 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 18

2. (a) ξ (b) ξ (b) (K < L) > M9

(c) (K > L) < (L > M)9

O 1. A = {12, 24, 36, 48}

19 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

(b) jumlah peserta yang bertanding dalam satu acara sahaja 4.

n(D sahaja / D only) = 30 – 20 7.

T > U9 = {b} 10. n(j) = 30 + 24 – 10

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 20

11. (a) T  S 2. (a) Tepi / Edge

T E 1. V = {A, B, C, D, E, F} din(A) = 1, dout(A) = 1

21 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

3. V = {P, Q, R, S, T } din(P) = 1, dout(P) = 2 J 1. (a) 8 tepi/ edges

F 1. C B 2. (a) 7 bucu/ vertices

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 22

Jumlah pemberat minimum pokok 2. (a)

(b) Jumlah jarak

Kuala Tapah PRAKTIS BERORIENTASIKAN