CLASS- X BLOCK - III (ATP) PHYSICS

1. A student determines the focal length f of a lens. Fig. 3.1 shows the set-up.

(a) (i) On Fig. 3.1, measure the distance x from the screen to the illuminated object.
Fig. 3.1 is drawn to scale. The actual distance D between the illuminated object and
the screen is 75.0cm. She places the lens between the object and the screen so that the
lens is close to the illuminated object. She moves the lens away from the object until a
clearly focused image is formed on the screen.
On Fig. 3.1, measure the distance y between the centre of the lens and the illuminated
object.
On Fig. 3.1, measure the distance z between the centre of the lens and the screen. [2]

(ii) Calculate, and record in Table 3.1, the actual distance u between the centre of the
lens and the illuminated object. Calculate, and record in Table 3.1, the actual distance
v between the centre of the lens and the screen. [1]
(iii) Calculate, and record in Table 3.1, the focal length f of the lens using the equation

[1]
(b) The student places the screen at a distance D = 85.0cm from the illuminated
object. She repeats the procedure described in (a). The results are shown in Table 3.1.
Calculate the average value fA of the focal length of the lens. Show your working. [2]
 (c) State two precautions that you would take to obtain accurate readings in this
experiment.[2]
(d) A student states that a more accurate value for the focal length f of the lens can be
determined by plotting a graph of uv against D. The gradient of the graph is
numerically equal to the focal length.
(i) Suggest a suitable number of sets of readings that the student should take. [1]
(ii) Explain briefly how this graphical method can give a more accurate value for the
focal length. [2] [Total: 11]
2. A student investigates the refraction of light by a transparent block. The student’s
ray-trace sheet is shown full size in Fig. 3.1.

(a) The student places a transparent block ABCD near the centre of the ray-trace
sheet, as indicated in Fig. 3.1.
(i) Draw a normal to point N extending above AB. Label the upper end of the normal
with the letter L. [1]
(ii) The student draws the line EN, as shown in Fig. 3.1. On Fig. 3.1, measure the
angle θ1 between the lines LN and EN. [1]
 (b) The student places two pins, P1 and P2, on the line EN, as shown in Fig. 3.1.
(i) Measure the distance d between pins P1 and P2. [1]
(ii) Suggest whether the two pins are a suitable distance apart for accurate ray tracing.
Explain your answer. [1]
(c) The student places a plane mirror on the line CD and views the images of pins P1
and P2 through the transparent block. She places two pins, P3 and P4, so that these
pins, and the images of pins P1 and P2, all appear exactly one behind the other.
On Fig. 3.1:
• Draw a line through points P3 and P4 and extend the line 3cm below CD.
• Label the point at which this line meets AB with the letter G.
• Label the lower end of the line with the letter H. [1]
(d) The student repeats the procedure for an angle θ2 = 35°. She places two pins, P5
and P6, so that these pins, and the images of pins P1 and P2, all appear exactly one
behind the other.
On Fig. 3.1:
• Draw a line through points P5 and P6 and extend the line 3cm below CD.
• Label the point at which this line meets AB with the letter R.
• Label the lower end of this line with the letter S.
• Label the point at which GH and RS cross with the letter T.
(i) Measure the angle β, where β is the angle between lines GT and RT. [1]
(ii) A student suggests that the angle β should be equal to θs, where θs is calculated
using the equation θs = θ2 – θ1. State whether your results from (a)(ii) and (d) support
this suggestion. Justify your answer by reference to values from your results. [2]
(e) Suggest two precautions to take in this type of experiment to ensure accurate
results. [2]
(f) Suggest one reason why different students, all carrying out this experiment
carefully, may not obtain identical results. [1][Total: 11]
3. A student investigates the magnification produced by a converging lens. He is using
the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.1.

(a) The illuminated object consists of a triangular-shaped hole in a piece of card. Fig.
3.2 shows, full size, the illuminated object.
Measure and record the height, ho of the triangular-shaped hole. [1]
(b) The distance between the illuminated object and the centre of the lens is set to u =
20.0 cm. The screen is moved until a focused image of the illuminated object is seen,
as shown in Fig. 3.3.

The student repeats the procedure for u = 30.0 cm, u = 40.0 cm, u = 50.0 cm and u =
60.0 cm. His results are shown in Table 3.1. Measure, and record in the first row of
Table 3.1, the height hI of the image. Using your results from (a) and the equation

, calculate a value M and record this value in Table 3.1.

 [2]
(c) Plot a graph of u / cm (y-axis) against M (x-axis). You do not have to start your
axes at the origin (0, 0).

[4]
(d) Determine the gradient G of the graph. Show clearly on the graph how you
obtained the necessary information. [2]
(e) Describe one difficulty that might be experienced when measuring the height of
the image hI . Suggest an improvement to the apparatus to reduce this difficulty. [2]
[Total: 11]