flashcards ingles

MODAL VERBS = 13

Must Should Ought to

obligation, firm necessary advice, uncertain prediction obligation, probability

Have to Need May/Might

obligation, forced circumstances necessity permission,possibility / possibility
 MODAL VERBS = 13

Allowed to Shall Will

permission offer, suggestion certain, prediction, willingness

Would Can / Could

request, invitation ability, permission, request / past ability, suggestions and future posibility
 FIRST CONDITIONAL

possible plans, promises, warnings, treats, persuading someone

1) Condition 2) Result

Present Simple + Future Simple

you can switch the condition with the result

If + Subject + present simple , Subject + future simple

If you eat my chocolate, you will sleep outside

If you eat my chocolate, you won’t sleep outside

 PLUS “S”

If the subject is:

HE If it rains, I will stay at home

SHE +S
IT

If is verb to be:

AM And if it’s sunny, we will go to the park

IS +S
ARE
 SPELLING RULE FOR 3RD PERSON SINGULAR
(only for He - She - It)

Y study = studies SH finish = finishes

O go = goes CH catch = catches

X fix = fixes SS miss = misses

 PAST FOR SECOND CONDITIONAL

Verb to be in PAST

We He

You Were She Was

They It
 SECOND CONDITIONAL = WOULD

imaginary situations, not so possible

1) Condition 2) Result

Past Simple + Would + Verb

Could
Might
you can switch the condition with the result

If + subject + past simple + coma + subject + would + verb

could
might

If I won a million dollars , I would buy a new car

 RELATIVE PRONOUNS
we use this to noun repeat personal pronouns

Who That Which

people and objects people, objects and animals objects and animals

Jack told me that he This is my medal which I won in a

He is the boy who is tall wanted to move to New competition
York

Where Whose When

places possessions time

This is the park where we met He is a man whose opinion I 2005 is the year when I born
respect
 DEFINING RULES = 3

give relevant info

necessary/essential

1. NO COMAS = necessary information

I call my brother WHO lives in Ontario

(I have more than one brother and I called that one that lives there)

2. WE CAN USE “THAT” = instead of WHO/WHICH

That’s the mug WHICH/THAT I bought in Paris

I didn’t know the man WHO/THAT was where

3. RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHO/WHICH/THAT CAN BE OMITTED

(just when they are followed by SUBJECT + VERB)

Do you like the song (WHICH/THAT) I wrote?

That’s the man (WHO/THAT) I like
 NON - DEFINING = 3

1. BETWEEN COMAS = extra information

My brother , WHO LIVES IN ONTARIO , is older

(I have only one brother and I’m just mentioning that he lives in Ontario)

2. WE CANNOT USE “THAT” = instead of WHO/WHICH

These bikes , WHICH COST A FORTUNE , are made in Japan

(Not “that cost a fortune”)

3. RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHO/WHICH CANNOT BE OMITTED

They introduced me to John , WHO I liked immediately

(Not John, I liked immediately)