Evolution is 

a process that results in changes in the genetic material of a

population over time
Adaptation is the the adjustment of organisms to their environment in
order to improve their chances at survival in that environment, for
eaxmple, the ability of an organism to withstand extremes of physical
conditions in the environment, such as extreme heat or extreme cold.
An adaptation can be structural, meaning it is a physical part of the
organism. An adaptation can also be behavioral, affecting the way an
organism responds to its environment.
An example of a structural adaptation is the way some plants
have adapted to life in dry, hot deserts. Plants
called succulents have adapted to this climate by storing water in their
short, thick stems and leaves.
Seasonal migration is an example of a behavioral adaptation. Gray
whales migrate thousands of kms every year as they swim from the
cold Arctic Ocean in summer to the warm waters off the coast of Mexico
to winter.
The warrior ants in Africa are probably one of the most impressive
examples of adaptation. Within any single colony, ants emit a chemical
signal that lets the others know they all belong to the same compound.
Warrior ants have learned how to imitate the signal from a different
colony. So if a group of warrior ants attacks a colony, they will be able
to imitate that colony's signal. As a result, the workers in the colony will
continue on, now under the direction of new masters, without ever
realizing an invasion has taken place.
Natural selection is the process in nature by which organisms better
adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more than
those less adapted to their environment.

For example, treefrogs are sometimes eaten by snakes and birds. Gray
treefrogs blend well in dark wooded areas on tree bark and Green
treefrogs blend in well with green vegetation found in marshes and
swamps. A Green treefrog on the bark of a tree is easier for a predator to
find compared to a Green treefrog on a green leaf. So, Green treefrogs
that go into habitats where they are not camouflaged are more likely to
be eaten by predators. Since treefrogs that have been eaten do not live to
have any more baby treefrogs, natural selection has favored treefrogs
that live in habitats in which they are more camouflaged.