Yamauchi Moe 0356415 SECTION 13

Ahmed looth nazim 0357252 SECTION 13

Yamamoto Rentaro 0356024 SECTION 13
Muhammad Aqmar Hendi 0356099 SECTION 13
Lee Li Xian 0356375 SECTION 13
AKHLAQ AHMED 0344055 SECTION 13
`
LIN30105
CCTS
AUG 2022
-
ASSIGNMENT 02
ASSIGNMENT TITLE

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DEFINE // TASK 1

NATURAL
DISASTERS

What?
What are natural disasters? Who?
The Slides
Natural disasters include all types of Who is even impacted?
severe weather, which has the potential
Diseases, Tsunamis, Floods,
All of us! even the wildlife- be it a cat,
to pose a threat to human health,
Hurricanes, Earthquakes
dog, rat, you, your teacher, someone's
The following infographics detail the
safety, property, critical infrastructure, mother, a businessman, we all are
disasters mentioned above
and homeland security affected by these terrific disasters

Why? Charities
Why should we care? How can we help?
We should care because there are those At the bottom of each infographic, there
around the world who don't have the are several charities dedicated to
privilege to live everyday without supporting the victims, and we strongly
worrying about shelter due to these encourage you to consider donating
natural disasters

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DEFINE // TASK 1

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DEFINE // TASK 1

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DEFINE // TASK 1

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DEFINE // TASK 1

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DEFINE // TASK 1

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IDEATE // TASK 2 STUDENT 1 Muhammed Aqmar Hendi

Ending Pandemics is a non-profit organization that has a mission to work closely with governments to assemble
local cross-cutting teams to design demand-driven, sustainable solutions for pandemic preparedness against
large-scale diseases for those in need. (Ending Pandemics, n.d)

a i m s
Engage Directly Deploy a Expand Epidemic Collaborate with Measure Progress
with the Public One-Health Model Intelligence Neighboring Countries
Figure 1. Five Components of Systems Change to Expand Epidemic Intelligence. Adapted from "A Vision for Ending Pandemics" by Ending Pandemics,
Ending Pandemics Our Approach. Retrieved 10/16/22, from https://endingpandemics.org/community/our-approach/. Copyright 2022 by Ending Pandemics.

projects The EpiHack Project is an "epidemiology" hackathon gathering professionals

from the public and animal health fields, together with software developers
from all sectors, designed to develop low-cost, open source software tools for
Ending Pandemics has created
several international-scale projects public health systems available to every country. (Epihack™, 2022)
that can help bring them one step
closer to achieving their goals.

Cords is a program of Ending Pandemics, consisting of six regional member

networks, working in 28 countries in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Europe-
cooperate to detect and control the spread of infectious diseases by catalyzing
exchange and collaboration among regional surveillance networks globally.
(CORDS, 2022)

EpiCore is a virtual community of health professionals that utilizes innovative

surveillance methods to verify outbreaks of infectious diseases, having a global
network of health professionals to verify disease outbreaks, which is then
communicated through EpiCore with various articles covering it. (Epicore,
2022)

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IDEATE // TASK 2 STUDENT 2 Ahmed looth nazim

A nonprofit organization powered by volunteers that addresses the

immediate and long-term needs of communities impacted by disasters. All Hand & Hearts
Programs
Activities Mission Statement Hurricane Fiona Relief: Worked closely with ProTechos, a dependable partner
with whom they had already collaborated earlier this year on their Puerto Rico
Flood Relief effort. They will attempt to organise neighbourhood day volunteers
They respond in three ways: response, “All Hands and Hearts effectively and efficiently addresses to assist in this relief work after sending a team to assess the damage and certify
recovery, and renewal the immediate and long-term needs of communities their scope of work. (All Hands and Hearts, 2022)
Response: clearing debris, mucking and impacted by natural disasters. We communicate directly
gutting homes, and sanitizing the homes from with local leaders and community members and then Hurricane Ian Relief: Despite the fact that there are still numerous locations
the mold. deploy our unique model of engaging volunteers to enable without access to running water, electricity, or cellular service, All Hands & Hearts
Recovery: after a few months they respond by direct impact, helping to build safer, more resilient schools, has set up a temporary base in Port Charlotte and will offer relief operations
helping build houses affected by disasters. this homes and infrastructure. there.
includes painting, carpentry, etc. Teams began executing critical tasks in the field almost immediately thanks to
Renewal: this part includes building back the Through community and volunteer engagement, we focus their quick response, visiting with homeowners, other NGOs, and members of the
community. holding community events, on helping families recover faster after natural disasters local community. (All Hands and Hearts, 2022)
teaching english, etc. using our Smart Response strategy. In doing so, we
strengthen both our volunteers and the communities in Ukraine Crisis Relief: This program's main objective was to renovate and repair
which we serve.” (All Hands and Hearts, 2022) shelters that were formerly utilised by women, children, and persons with
disabilities. Our teams will undertake a variety of tasks to make sure the refugee
shelters are livable, including adding insulation and drywall to keep the
structures warm, installing windows to provide weatherproof, watertight shelters,
Statistics and establishing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities.
This list is not comprehensive because every shelter will have distinct demands,
Lives impacted: 1,208,000+ therefore our crews will also handle other necessary repairs to provide a dry,
volunteers: 63,000+ warm, and secure atmosphere.
Disaster programs: 140 Figure 1. Volunteers Moving Away Rubble. From "Hurricane Fiona Relief", by All
Teams of volunteers will be used by the professional AHAH construction crew to
Countries served: 23 Hands and Hearts, Hurricane Fiona Relief. Retrieved 10/16/22, from execute the necessary tasks, and local trained craftsmen will be employed to
https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/programs/hurricane-fiona-relief/. ©2022 by
Schools impacted: 325' complete the tailored scope of work created for each facility. (All Hands and
Name of All Hands and Hearts.
Children back in school: 117,000+ Hearts, 2022)
Volunteer nationalities: 144

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IDEATE // TASK 2 STUDENT 3 Lee Li Xian

UNHCR is a non-profit organisation that mainly focuses on refugees around

the world. It also is an aide to other groups including but not limited to
former refugees, internally displaced people and those that are stateless or
whose nationality is disputed.

UNHCR’s Mission is "to safeguard the rights and well-being of

MISSION refugees".

"UNHCR strives to ensure that everyone can

exercise the right to seek asylum and find safe
AIM refuge in another State, and to return home
voluntarily"

"In September 2022, UNHCR delivered over 10,000 metric tons of goods in less than four
STATISTICS weeks from our warehouses and suppliers in Pakistan and our regional and global
contingency stocks in Termez and Dubai, dispatching some 300 trucks and 23 airlifts."

UNCHR has mounted a huge airlift operation, carrying large amounts of supplies that go
ACTIVITIES towards the affected people in the worst affected cities including Larkana and Sukkur. These
include displaced citizens and those who lack essential supplies.

Overview of rainfall accumulation and flooding

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IDEATE // TASK 2 STUDENT 4 Yamamoto Rentaro

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IDEATE // TASK 2 Yamauchi Moe

UNDRR(2000~) Mission
1. Number of countries with national
and local DRR strategies
2. International cooperation to
developing countries
Climate change adaptation
3. Availability and access to early
Increasing investments for Disaster Risk Reduction
United Nations Office for Disasters Risk Reduction Building disaster-resilient cities, schools and hospitals
warning systems and DRR information

Strengthening the international system for DRR 4. Global disaster mortality

Decrease
Introduction
Generating robust evidence, innovation, and good practices on 5. Number of affected people
Headquarters
risk to inform decision-making processes. 6. Economic loss in relationto GDP
Geneva, Switzerland
Accelerating financing for DRR and de-risking investment 7. Damage to critical infrastructure
UNDRR is an organization formed by the UN to Regional offices Sub-regional offices
Scaling up communication and public advocacy for building and services disruption
'oversee the implementation of the Sendai Framework Africa Bonn
Americas Kobe
highest political traction and commitment to DRR
for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, supporting
Arab States Incheon Integrating the DRR agenda with the climate agenda 7 GLOBAL TARGETS
countries in its implementation, monitoring and
sharing what works in reducing existing risk'
Asia & Pacific
Europe & Central Asia
New York
Suva
(United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction) TO ACHIEVE

Societal Goals Sendai Framework (2015-2030)

Strengthening national statistical and planning capacity and
inter-institutional coordination mechanisms for the
collection, analysis and use of disaster risk and loss data. The
Global Risk Assessment Framework and national disaster loss
databases can provide the LDCs with risk information and
analytics to inform policy and investment decisions.
Support countries on disaster risk reduction financing,
including through Risk-Sensitive Budget Reviews.
Strengthening multi-hazard early warning systems that lead
to early action to reduce risk and build resilience.
Promoting the integration of disaster risk reduction into
humanitarian action and strategies to prevent disaster
displacement. (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction, Wikipedia, 2022, September 14)
What is that? [AN ON-GOING WORLDWIDE ACTIVITY]
The Sendai framework (being adopted as the 3rd UN world conference on
How
do
they
work
on?
Hold both physical and online forum about international
disaster risk reduction on 2015 in Sendai, Japan) is essentially for the
recovery
substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and
Implement disaster management policies in countries
health and in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental
Spread information of disaster recovery via websites and
assets of persons, businesses, communities and countries (Sendai
SNS (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction)
Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Wikipedia, 2019)
4 Priorities for Action
Understanding disaster risk
Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk
Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience
Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to "Build Back
Better" in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction

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IDEATE // TASK 3
TOO MUCH
BUREAUCRACY
Looking at the recent Malaysian floods of
2021-2022, relief efforts were slow due
to an "too much bureaucracy"
Following the ecent 2021-2022 floods,
seve al a ticles have went out to accuse
the gove nment fo being ' uick to add
that the esponsibility was not the fede al
gove nment’s alone to bea , pointing to
obligations held by state gove nments and
f ontline wo ke s' (Zainuddin, 2021),
essentially going back and fo th on who to
take the blame, ultimately delaying
gove nmental suppo t and leaving
Malaysians to fend fo themselves.
Slow Response relative to natural disasters
occurring
Higher rates of Deaths and Injuries in crisis
times like floods
RUN-OFF RATES
Increased runoff rates due to
urbanization contribute to floods at
lower ground, ultimately picking up
litter, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizers,
and other toxic substances
This is evident due to u banisation
inc easing by fou pe cent on ave age
yea ly which was one of the fastest g owth
ates in the egion (The Wo ld Bank
G oup, 2015). As mo e and mo e people
mig ate f om u al to u ban a eas and as
mo e a eas of Malaysia a e being
developed, unoff ates will inc ease since
conc ete oads and pavements cannot
abso b ainwate unlike di t and
g asslands. (Bank, 2015)
Biomagnification
Local Farmer Crops negatively affected
Erosion which leads to it becoming great costs
for government to fix
Problem
Statement
DRAINAGE
ISSUES AND ITS ORIGINS
SYSTEMS
Debris and rubbish get picked up by
floods and clog the drains, making
drainage systems less effective
With seve al sou ces stating that
poo /clogged d ainage systems a e the
causing facto of floods in Malaysian
u ban a eas (Edwa d & Menon, 2017) and
(Abdullah, 2018), it's safe to assume that
it's u ban d ains a e what causes floods,
whethe it be poo maintenance o the
ca e-f ee attitude of citizens litte ing
which is what leads to clogged d ainage
systems.
IMPACTS
Causes Floods in the first place
Pollution
Property Damage
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IDEATE // TASK 3

We plan to mainly focus on small and medium-sized businesses because their

MALAYSIANS AGED 15-64

businesses get heavily impacted by floods, from assets being water sensitive to

SMALL-MEDIUM
their entire building being damaged and dangerous to be in. This is a big target

BUSINESSES
audience as SMEs contribute to "over 60% of the country's GDP" (Julie, 2021,
par. 36). Helping these SMEs ensures that the economy of Malaysia and local
economy isn't badly hit by floods. "With 70% percent of the workforce being
employed by them" (Julie, 2021, par. 13), this means that unemployment may
increase due to flooding - further justifying our plans to focus on SMEs.

Our second main concern would be Malaysians ages 15-64 as they are the general
working population that amounts to 69.7% (Mohd, 2020). They are the main
contributors to Malaysia's society and aiding them will bring positive effects to the
economy. They will also be our general target audience to provide relief efforts to
in partnership with other organisations like UNHCR.

CONSTRUCTION
COMPANIES
Target Audience

ARCHITECTS + CIVIL ENGINEER

Other than SMEs, we also would like to engage and help the planners of Malaysia
such as architects and civil engineers of construction companies by funding their
work. This allows them to have more breathing room to erect structures that can
withstand floods. A notable group that we'd like to contact is TAK Group of

GOVERNMENT
Companies, "a dynamic collection of corporations that are leaders in their fields of
endeavour" (TAK Group of Companies, n.d.). According to Kris L (2022), TAK
group offers "environmental management" and also is best for "architecture with
creative and economic value".
Finally, we would like to have connections with the government so that we can
voice our opinions and serve as a medium for communication. More specifically,
we will try to contact the and the Ministry of Housing and Local Government as the
key Acts that they focus on align with our aims. These include: Town and Country
Planning, Housing, and Solid Waste Management and Public Cleansing (Wikipedia,
2018).

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IDEATE // TASK 3

With these problem statements defined, here are our

aims and objectives to which we think will be able to
Aims and tackle these problems effectively.

Objectives
To counter the issue with bureaucracy and response rates, we need to give more power
to smaller organisations so that they can act on their own without needing the approval
of someone of a higher authority. This means that they do not need to wait for approval
and can act immediately.

To achieve this, we need to contact the government and its respective ministries
mentioned in the "Target Audience" slide so that we can pitch this idea.

Develop a system
that allows for
flexible reallocation
We also need to have better drainage systems in place to mitigate floods. More
specifically, drainage systems that can handle large volumes of water at a time and
cleaners to remove rubbish that block the drains, causing blockages.

To do this, we might have to encourage the government to increase spending on

government cleaners to ensure that the streets aren't filled with rubbish that can be
swept up by floods and stuck in already existing drains. As for better drainage systems,
we must ensure that new areas being urbanised must have improved drains and better Develop a system
urban planning as current drainage systems will be extremely tough and costly to that allows for
improve.
flexible reallocation
And finally, we can counter the issue with increased runoff rates by again ensuring that
the drainage systems downstream can withstand large amounts of floodwater. It is
near impossible to reduce runoff rates because that would mean that urbanisation has
to halt. Another option is to introduce porous asphalt roads which will be further
explained in the "Strategies" slide.

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IDEATE // TASK 3
Collaborate with Architectures and
Construction Companies
In hopes of improving Malaysia's drainage systems to prevent flooding, we look to collaborate with Ken Yeang,
IJM Corporation Bernadette and DCA
Ken Yeang
The influence of Yeang's wo k on a chitectu e is
based on his patte ns of biotic elements'
biointeg ation with the built envi onment's
ino ganic st uctu e. The st ategy entails developing
functional habitats within the development and
then pai ing them with chosen native fauna species
fo shelte , b eeding, o feeding in o de to
inc ease egional biodive sity. In a composite
"biodive sity mat ix," these a e pai ed with
pa ticula flo a species. By ethinking the
inte action between const ucted systems and the
ecology of the landscape and pe mitting a highe
level of bio-integ ation, this endeavou advances
eco-design beyond acc editing systems and is
p obably the next step in g een design (Wikipedia
Cont ibuto s, 2022). With all this in mind, it's safe
to assume Ken Yeang is a likely candidate to
cont ibute to an aesthetically eco-focused
Malaysian d ainage system.
Porous asphalt pavement
IJM Corporation Bernadette
IJM is a leading Malaysian conglome ate that cate s towa ds
seve al indust ies, anging f om const uction, p ope ty
development, manufactu ing and ua ying, inf ast uctu e
concessions and plantations (IJM Co po ation, 2022). One of
the most notable achievements IJM has wo ked fo was the
E10 NPE, a majo exp essway in Klang Valley that connects to
Subang Jaya to Bangsa - connected to anothe highway to the
No th-South Exp essway (IJM Co po ation Be had, n.d.). With
thei efficient inf ast uctu e solutions, we figu ed it'd be best to
involve an inte national specialist in const uction and
inf ast uctu e to help imp ove d ainage systems th oughout
Malaysia. It would also help expand the techni ue of po ous
asphalt pavement.
Po ous asphalt pavement is ecognised and accepted by the
indust y as an excellent solution in a eas whe e d ainage is an
issue. It will help meet sustainable const uction goals, benefit
the envi onment, educe unoff isk, and help esto e
g oundwate levels. The pavement is specifically designed to
allow ainfall and unoff to flow into and th ough the pavement
st uctu e. The potential to collect o slow unoff f om othe
impe vious su faces can be expected. Du ing long pe iods of
intense ainfall, the pavement will act as a ese voi , with its
unde lying laye s having the sto age capacity to hold the wate
collected as well, eleasing it slowly at a pace the g ound can
Strategy
01
handle. This allows fo gene al o di ect d ainage. In addition,
this system also helps filte contaminants such as moto oil
f om the wate .
DCA
DCA Geosynthetics uses geotechnical enginee ing
solutions fo a va iety of civil enginee ing applications.
Geosynthetics a e synthetic p oducts that stabilize
landfo ms and a e applied to oads, embankments and
etaining walls, ese voi s and waste landfills, stabilising
slopes, d ainage, and many othe s. It enables to p ovide
geotechnical enginee ing solutions fo a wide ange of
applications while emphasising cost and benefit
advantages. High St ength Woven Geotextile se ies a e
UV- esistant, high-st ength polyeste fab ic that p ovides
ve y high st ength in a wide ange of soil einfo cement
applications. These a e ext emely valuable in the
const uction of embankments on soft soils and othe
applications because they p ovide high st ength tensile
st ength at a elatively low cost (P oducts manufactu ed
by DCA). It can play a ole in maintaining the d ainage
capacity of the subg ade and its mechanical p ope ties.
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IDEATE // TASK 3

TMF Strategy

02
Business association
Take Measures to Flood

PRESSURE
based on 2 associations

GROUPS
Scholarship for potential

FORM
Organised by Maybank, which is one of the
representing industries in Malaysia.(List of
largest companies in Malaysia)
It consists both companies and independent Successful examples
people who have a desire to change current

students attitude of government towards floods.

Early-waning system vis SMS and
monitoring drainage, Singapore
Managing information of water level with
IoT, Netherlands (Prena Singh, 2021).

TO INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT’S
Plant trees

DECISION MAKING PROCESS

Student organization


Organised by students to bring
Increase
water-holding

capacity
Hold events to learn successful case studies in awareness about the dangers of floods
to people who are
other countries unaware/uninterested.
Geography
Physical oceanography Spread current flood mitigation plan via SMS
Meteorology
Materials engineering Hand out leaflets
Civil engineering
Architecture Develop a system
Environmental studies
that allows for
flexible reallocation
Hydrology
Hydraulic engineering

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IDEATE // TASK 3

Other
than
giving
more
power...
People
holding
positions
of
power
in
Malaysia
should
be
held
accountable
for
Strategy

03
their
actions.

Have external experts to evaluate

gove nmental wo k fo objective As the shift from the public sector to
Ta get a eas whe e public sector
the private sector is p omoted, the
policy evaluation uestion of what to do with the involvement is no longer needed
surplus public sector personnel that
will esult f om this shift may a ise.
In p omoting the opening of p ojects to the p ivate
secto , it is conside ed necessa y to: C eate an envi onment that edundant staff
p epa e bidding conditions
evaluate p oposals f om the p ivate secto
facilitates the relocation of
Ta get a eas whe e administrative
personnel who wish to wo k in the
app op iately monito the p ovision of p ivate public secto to the p ivate secto s demand is growing
se vices du ing the p oject pe iod

Develop a system
that allows for
Improving flexible reallocation
accountability in the
public sector

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REFERENCE LIST

REFERENCES TASK 1
ABC News. (2014, December 24). Boxing Day tsunami: How the disaster unfolded 10 years ago. ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-24/boxing-day-tsunami-how-the-disaster-unfolded/5977568
Roos, D. (2018, October 3). The 2004 Tsunami Wiped Away Towns With “Mind-Boggling” Destruction. HISTORY; A&E Television Networks. https://www.history.com/news/deadliest-tsunami-2004-indian-ocean
UNICEF. (2016). 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and Humanitarian Aid. UNICEF USA. https://www.unicefusa.org/mission/emergencies/tsunamis/2004-south-asia
Prevention. (2019). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/plague/prevention/index.html
Wikipedia. (2018, November 29). Black Death. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death
Wikipedia. (2021, March 11). COVID-19. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, February 18). Disease. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease
1971 Kuala Lumpur floods. (2022, September 7). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Kuala_Lumpur_floods
WHO. (2021). Floods. Www.who.int. https://www.who.int/health-topics/floods#tab=tab_1
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, January 20). Flood. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood
Wikipedia Contributors. (2022, January 23). 2021–2022 Malaysian floods. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_floods
Earthquakes | IFRC. (n.d.). Www.ifrc.org. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.ifrc.org/earthquakes
How to Help Earthquake Victims Rebuild. (2018, November 7). GoFundMe. https://www.gofundme.com/c/blog/how-to-help-earthquake-victims
Taylor, A. (2021, March 10). Photos: 10 Years Since the Great East Japan Earthquake - The Atlantic. Www.theatlantic.com. https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2021/03/photos-10-years-great-east-japan-
earthquake/618243/
Causes and Effects of Hurricanes | Earth Eclipse. (2017, September 27). https://eartheclipse.com/environment/natural-disaster/causes-and-effects-hurricanes.html
The Hurricane in Burgas: Hundreds of Uprooted Trees, Flipped Cars, Collapsed Buildings - Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency. (2022, September 19). Www.novinite.com.
https://www.novinite.com/articles/216770/The+Hurricane+in+Burgas:+Hundreds+of+Uprooted+Trees
UCAR. (2011). Hurricane Damage | UCAR Center for Science Education. Ucar.edu. https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/storms/hurricane-damage
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, March 18). Tropical cyclone. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone

// LIN30105 // CCTS // AUG 2022 //

REFERENCE LIST

REFERENCES TASK 2
2022 Pakistan floods. (2022, August 29). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Pakistan_floods
CORDS. Welcome to CORDS: Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CORDS). https://www.cordsnetwork.org/
Ending Pandemics (n.d) Who We Are https://endingpandemics.org/
Epicore. Small Commitment Big Impact. https://epicore.org/#/home
Epihack™. Epihack: Epidemiology + Ideas Hack. Epihack. https://epihack.org/
Figure 1. Five Components of Systems Change to Expand Epidemic Intelligence. Adapted from "A Vision for Ending Pandemics" by Ending Pandemics, Ending Pandemics Our
Approach. Retrieved 10/16/22, from https://endingpandemics.org/community/our-approach/. Copyright 2022 by Ending Pandemics.
GEM: Family Necessities Kits - Global Empowerment Mission. (n.d.). Www.globalempowermentmission.org. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from
https://www.globalempowermentmission.org/program/family-necessities-kits/

UNHCR. (n.d). Who We Help. https://www.unhcr.org/en-my/who-we-help.html

UNHCR. (2011). Mission Statement. https://www.unhcr.org/en-my/4fc880860.pdf
UNHCR. (n.d.). MANAGING THE FLOOD PROBLEM IN MALAYSIA https://www.water.gov.my/jps/resources/auto%20download%20images/584130f6ea786.pdf
UNHCR. (2022). UNHCR rushes aid by air and road after Pakistan floods; steps up Afghanistan relief. https://www.unhcr.org/en-my/news/briefing/2022/9/6317099f4/unhcr-rushes-aid-
air-road-pakistan-floods-steps-afghanistan-relief.html

Our Work - Global Empowerment Mission. (2020, August 18). GEM. https://www.globalempowermentmission.org/about/our-work/
GEM: Family Necessities Kits - Global Empowerment Mission. (n.d.). GEM. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.globalempowermentmission.org/program/family-necessities-
kits/
Global Relief Network - Global Empowerment Mission. (n.d.). GEM. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.globalempowermentmission.org/program/global-relief-network/

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (n.d.). Www.undrr.org. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.undrr.org/
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2022, September 14). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Disaster_Risk_Reduction
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, June 7). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendai_Framework_for_Disaster_Risk_Reduction

All Hands and Hearts. Mission Statement. https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/our-mission/

All Hands and Hearts. Hurricane Fiona Relief: Our Work. https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/programs/hurricane-fiona-relief/
All Hands and Hearts. Hurricane Ian Relief: Our Work. https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/programs/hurricane-ian-relief/
All Hands and Hearts. Ukraine Crisis Relief. https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/programs/ukraine-crisis-relief/

Figure 1. Volunteers Moving Away Rubble. From "Hurricane Fiona Relief", by All Hands and Hearts, Hurricane Fiona Relief. Retrieved 10/16/22, from
https://www.allhandsandhearts.org/programs/hurricane-fiona-relief/. ©2022 by Name of All Hands and Hearts.

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REFERENCE LIST

REFERENCES TASK3

Zainuddin, A. (2021, December 24). Frustration Grows in Malaysia Over Government’s Slow Flood Response. https://thediplomat.com/2021/12/frustration-grows-in-malaysia-over-governments-slow-flood-
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Bank, W. (2015). Malaysia among Most Urbanized Countries in East Asia. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/01/26/malaysia-among-most-urbanized-countries-in-east-asia
Abdullah, N. I. binti. (2018, October 8). Clogged drains to blame for flash floods. Malaysiakini. https://www.malaysiakini.com/letters/446463
Edward, J., & Menon, J. (2017, April 4). Poor drain maintenance causing floods in the city | Malay Mail. Www.malaymail.com. https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2017/04/04/poor-drain-
maintenance-causing-floods-in-the-city/1348775

Julie. (2021, November 18). The Role Of SMEs In The Malaysian Economy. https://malaysiandigest.com/how-many-sme-in-malaysia/
Mohd, M. (2020, July 15). Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2020. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?
r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=155&bul_id=OVByWjg5YkQ3MWFZRTN5bDJiaEVhZz09&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09
TAK Group of Companies. (n.d). Who We Are. https://www.takgroup.com/who-we-are
Kris, L. (2022, January 3). The 9 Best Architects in Malaysia. https://www.trustedmalaysia.com/best-architects-malaysia/
Wikipedia. (2018, June). Ministry of Housing and Local Government (Malaysia). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Housing_and_Local_Government_(Malaysia)

Wikipedia Contributors, 2022 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Yeang#Work_on_Ecological_Design

IJM Corporation, 2022 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJM_Corporation#Infrastructure
Toll | IJM Corporation Berhad, n.d. https://www.ijm.com/our-business/toll
Products manufactured by DCA. http://www.dcageosynthetic.com/index.php
Prena, S. (2021, February 16). Lessons from case studies of flood resilience. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590198221000014
List of largest companie in Malaysia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_Malaysia

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