OBJECT: TO DETERMINE THE LAYOUT OF BUILDING BY

COORDINATES USING THEODOLITE.

EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED:
Theodolite, staff rod, ranging rod, measuring tape, tripod stand, plumb bob, compass

THEORY:
To determine the layout of building means to convert the theoretical knowledge of plan to the
actual existing building. But in this lab we have to make layout of existing building means to
convert practical building into theoretical plan.we will be using the concept of tacheometry using
stadia reading to measure the horizontal distance and we will also be using the traverse
surveying.As theodolite is conveniant instrument to determine the stadia reading and bearing of
lines.

PROCEDURE
 Set the theodolite on tripod stand and do its temporary adjustments which involve
centering, leveling, remove of parallax, focusing etc.
 Open the instrument.
 Set the theodolite at 90.
 With the help of compass/ smart phone determine the north and set the instrument at
north.
 Press the reset button for a while to reset the horizontal angle.
 Place the staff rod at the point where you need coordinates.
 Measure the bearing of that point by moving the instrument at the staff rod and note
down the bearing in the note book.
 Note down the staff reading along with stadia reading.
 Take the difference of upper stadia and lower stadia , result will be stadia intercept
 Determine the horizontal distance by putting stadia intercept in the formula as follow
D=MS+ C
Where M is multiplicative constant its value for analytical lens is 100 and C is additive
constant its value is 0 for analytical lens.
 Note down all the data for required points
 Staff should be placed along the building.
 From a closed traverse to make plan.
 Fromm calculated data find the latitude and departure of all points.
  When we change the coordinate of station to another point we first take the stadia
readings of that point and also bearing of that point and the by finding latitude and
departures we find the coordinates of that point.
 Instrument will be centered there.
 This procedure will be carried out for whole practical.
 And add the all latitude and departures in the coordinate of station to get the required
coordinates.
 All coordinates are then placed in excel , departure are places at one cell and latitude in
on another cell the to place comma we will use formula concatenate.
 Take the starting coordinates of station as (1000m,1000m)

PROCEDURE OF AUTOCAD

 All coordinates form excel are copied and place in autocad.

 Enter the line command.
 Paste all the coordinates in the command prompt of autocad then press enter.
 Then enter the zoom command it will ask about real time and press E then enter
layout will be visible.
 To convert this layout in 3D we will use press pull command.

FORMULAS FOR CALCULATIONS

For latitude and departure
Latitude = L = Lcos θ
Departure = D = Lsin θ
For horizontal distance
D = MS+C

Where M=100 and C= 0 and S = upper stadia and lower stadia

The tables are given below

STADIA READINGS AND HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN METER
upper Central lower stadia
S# stadia stadia stadia intercept distance(m) remarks

1 1.92 1.84 1.76 0.16 16

2 1.45 1.41 1.37 0.8 8
3 1.28 1.22 1.17 0.11 11
4 1.29 1.2 1.11 0.18 18
5 1.28 1.19 1.1 0.17 17
6 0.57 0.46 0.36 0.21 21
7 0.56 0.44 0.32 0.24 24
8 0.61 0.49 0.37 0.24 24
9 0.62 0.48 0.33 0.29 29
10 1.51 1.44 1.37 0.14 14 Change point
11 0.64 0.56 0.48 0.16 16
12 0.62 0.52 0.41 0.21 21
13 1.85 1.74 1.63 0.22 22 Change point
14 0.39 0.32 0.24 0.15 15
15 0.31 0.23 0.15 0.16 16
16 0.38 0.32 0.27 0.11 11
17 0.55 0.46 0.37 0.18 18
18 0.63 0.55 0.45 0.18 18
19 0.74 0.63 0.51 0.23 23
20 1.61 1.41 1.25 0.36 36 Change point
21 1.17 1.11 1.05 0.12 12
22 1.22 1.12 1.03 0.19 19
23 1.5 1.34 1.19 0.31 31
24 1.55 1.45 1.24 0.21 21 Change point
25 1.85 1.74 1.65 0.2 20

S# Upper central lower stadia distance remarks

 stadia stadia stadia intercept

26 1.38 1.35 1.32 0.6 6

27 1.28 1.18 1.09 0.19 19 change point
28 1.59 1.52 1.47 0.12 12
29 1.78 1.66 1.54 0.24 24
30 1.79 1.65 1.52 0.27 27
31 1.67 1.56 1.45 0.22 22
32 1.48 1.29 1.1 0.38 38
33 1.87 1.69 1.51 0.36 36 change point
34 1.31 1.23 1.14 0.17 17
35 1.35 1.2 1.04 0.31 31
36 1.58 1.35 1.18 0.4 40 change point
37 1.53 1.51 1.47 0.06 6
38 1.58 1.44 1.33 0.25 25
39 1.66 1.46 1.25 0.41 41
40 1.74 1.54 1.34 0.4 40 change point
41 1.67 1.64 1.62 0.05 5
42 1.86 1.77 1.68 0.18 18 change point
43 1.79 1.76 1.73 0.06 6
44 1.9 1.8 1.72 0.18 18
45 1.98 1.83 1.68 0.3 30 change point
46 1.7 1.63 1.56 0.14 14
47 1.88 1.68 1.47 0.41 41
48 1.77 1.58 1.39 0.38 38 change point
49 1.86 1.68 1.45 0.41 41
50 1.96 1.76 1.56 0.4 40
COORDINATES BY DEPARTURE AND LATITUDE

S# DEPARTURE LATITUDE COORDINATES REMARKS

1 1007.34 10014.21 1007.34,10014.21

2 1007.09 1003.68 1007.09,1003.68
3 1007.97 992.43 1007.97,992.43
4 1007.91 983.84 1007.91,983.84
5 1004.36 982.53 1004.36,982.53
6 1004.199 979.43 1004.199,979.43
7 1004.172 976.37 1004.172,976.37
8 995.1 976.5 995.1,976.5
9 983.41 976.23 983.41,976.23
10 988.28 992.36 988.28,992.36 Change point
11 982.286 993.055 982.286,993.055
12 976.352 975.078 976.352,975.078
13 966.369 990.4 966.369,990.4 change point
14 966.384 975.401 966.384,975.401
15 956.232 978.022 956.232,978.022
16 957.959 983.312 957.959,983.312
17 949.609 983.84 949.609,983.84
18 949.224 984.92 949.224,984.92
19 943.681 986.629 943.681,986.629
20 1002.362 990.078 1002.362,990.078 change point
21 1011.452 982.245 1011.452,982.245
22 1008.389 972.06 1008.389,972.06
23 1003.826 959.113 1003.826,959.113
24 1021.02 980.441 1021.02,980.441 change point
25 1002.572 988.163 1002.572,988.163

S# DEPARTURE LATITUDE COORDINATES REMARKS

 26 1021.468 986.424 1021.468,986.424

27 1039.7 983.911 1039.7,983.911 change point

28 1041.646 995.785 1041.646,995.785

29 1060.89 995.178 1060.89,995.178

30 1063.757 996.168 1063.757,996.168

31 1059.61 993.26 1059.61,993.26

32 1075.997 995.158 1075.997,995.158

33 1075.443 988.204 1075.443,988.204 change point

34 1092.434 988.756 1092.434,988.756

35 1106.064 983.377 1106.064,983.377

36 1105.326 961.616 1105.326,961.616 change point

37 1105.397 967.615 1105.397,967.615

38 1129.864 966.395 1129.864,966.395

39 1146.193 964.906 1146.193,964.906

40 1145.324 961.953 1145.324,961.953 change point

41 1150.308 961.564 1150.308,961.564

42 1161.977 968.784 1161.977,968.784 change point

43 1158.594 973.739 1158.594,973.739

44 1163.803 986.691 1163.803,986.691

45 1165.212 998.608 1165.212,998.608 change point

46 1152.101 993.699 1152.101,993.699

47 1124.264 1000.664 1124.264,1000.664

48 1128.494 1008.391 1128.494,1008.391 change point

49 1087.579 1005.766 1087.579,1005.766

50 1088.833 1010.958 1088.833,1010.958

LAYOUT FROM AUTOCAD

3D LAYOUT IN AUTOCAD