Vietnamese has a relatively complex vowel system (11) which includes five front-central

vowels and six back vowels. The former are all unrounded and the latter are divided, evenly,
between rounded and unrounded. Besides, it has up to 20 diphthongs.            

Chinese vowels (7): [y] is lower than [i] and rounded. The back vowels are also
rounded.                            

                                   

Standard Japanese has just 5 vowels which can be short or long. The difference in vowel
length is phonemic. Some dialects have additional vowels and others less than these five,
their vowel systems ranging from three to eight members.