SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY 10
PHYSICS
 Relative wavelength of the different
types of EM waves
Electromagnetic Wavelength (in m)
Wave
Radio waves > 1.0 x 10 -1
Microwaves 1.0 x 10 - 3 - 1.0 x 10 -1
Infrared 7 x 10 -7 - 1.0 x 10 -3
Electromagnetic Wavelength (in m)
Wave
Visible light 4.0 x 10 -7 - 7.0 x 10-7
Red 6.22 x 10 -7 - 7.00 x 10 -7
Orange 5.97 x 10 -7 - 6.22 x 10 -7
Yellow 5.77 x 10 -7 - 5.97 x 10 -7
Green 4.92 x 10 -7 - 5.77 x 10 -7
Blue 4.55 x 10 -7 - 4.92 x 10 -7
Violet 4.00 x 10 -7 - 4.55 x 10 -7
Electromagnetic Wavelength (in m)
Wave
Ultraviolet rays 1.0 x 10 -8 - 4.0 x 10 -7
X-rays 1.0 x 10 -11 - 1.0 x 10 -8
Gamma rays < 1.0 x 10 -11
Relative frequency of the different
types of EM waves
Electromagnetic frequency
Wave
Radio waves < 3.0 x 109
Microwaves 3.0 x 10 9 - 3.0 x 1011
Infrared 3.0 x 10 11 - 4.0 x 1014
Electromagnetic frequency
Wave
Visible light 4.0 x 1014 - 7.5 x 1014
Red 4.00 x 1014 - 4.82 x 1014
Orange 4.82 x 1014 - 5.03 x 1014
Yellow 5.03 x 1014 - 5.20 x 1014
Green 5.20 x 1014 - 6.10 x 1014
Blue 6.10 x 1014 - 6.59 x 1014
Violet 6.59 x 1014 - 7.50 x 1014
Electromagnetic frequency
Wave
Ultraviolet rays 7.5 x 1014 - 3.0 x 1016
X-rays 3.0 x 1016 - 3.0 x 1019
Gamma rays > 3.0 x 1019
Specific Uses and Effects
of Electromagnetic
Spectrum
1. Radio Waves They range from the
length of a football to
larger than our planet.
Heinrich Hertz proved
the existence of radio
waves in the late
1880s.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Telecommuni Migraine Earphones
cation Headache Diodes
Broadcasting Harm Body cells Aerial Antennae
2. Microwaves
Microwaves are a portion or
"band" found at the higher
frequency end of the radio
spectrum, but they are
commonly distinguished from
radio waves because of the
technologies used to access
them.
Widely used for short-term localized weather
forecasting.

Doppler-radar
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Locating Internal Heating of Satellite dishes
objects body tissue
through radar
system
Cooking
 Infrared radiation (IR), or infrared
3. Infrared light, is a type of radiant energy
that's invisible to human eyes but
that we can feel as heat. All objects
in the universe emit some level of IR
radiation.
All objects on Earth emit IR radiation
in the form of heat. This can be
detected by electronic sensors, such
as those used in night vision goggles
and infrared cameras.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Night vison Sunburn Blackened bulb
equipment Thermometer
Thermography Thermopile
Cooking Phototransistor
Short range
communication
4. Visible Light

The visible light spectrum is the segment of the

electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye
can view. More simply, this range of wavelengths
is called visible light. Typically, the human eye can
detect wavelengths from 380 to 700 nanometers.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Allows for seeing Skin Cancer Eye
the world Photo film
Use in Photoelectric
Photosynthesis cell
Photography
5. Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) light has shorter wavelengths
than visible light. Although UV waves are
invisible to the human eye, some insects, such
as bumblebees, can see them. This is similar to
how a dog can hear the sound of a whistle just
outside the hearing range of humans.
Commonly subdivided into 3 classifications UV-A,
UV-B, and UV-C. UV-C rays are the most harmful
and are almost completely absorbed by our
atmosphere. UV-B rays are the harmful rays that
cause sunburn. Exposure to UV-B rays increases
the risk of DNA and other cellular damage in living
organisms. Fortunately, about 95 percent UV-B
rays are absorbed by ozone in the Earth's
atmosphere.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Identification of Risk of getting skin Fluorescence
counterfeit notes cancer Photographic
Treatment of skin Blindness film
complaints Can cause
Kill bacteria in premature aging of
food and surgical the skin
instruments sunburn
 6. X rays
X-rays are a form of
electromagnetic radiation,
similar to visible light. Unlike
light, however, x-rays have
higher energy and can pass
through most objects, including
the body. Medical x-rays are
used to generate images of
tissues and structures inside
the body.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Radio therapy May damage central Photographic
radiography nervous system film
Damage cells
7. Gamma Rays
Gamma rays have the smallest wavelengths and the
most energy of any wave in the electromagnetic
spectrum. They are produced by the hottest and most
energetic objects in the universe, such as neutron stars
and pulsars, supernova explosions, and regions around
black holes. On Earth, gamma waves are generated by
nuclear explosions, lightning, and the less dramatic
activity of radioactive decay.
Uses Effects Gadget
Detection
Sterilization of Can kill healthy cells Geiger-
medical Can cause genes to Muller Tube
instruments mature Photo film
Diagnosis and
treatments of
disease such as
cancer
References:
https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/electromagnetic-
spectrum
https://www.britannica.com/science/electromagnetic-spectrum
https://science.nasa.gov
https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/e/electromagnetic+spectrum
Thank you! ☺