ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1

INTERCONEXIONES UNIDAD DGC Rev.: 0

EXTERNAL INSULATION HOT SERVICE Date: May, 2006

CONTENT

I. SCOPE
II. REFERENCES
Ill. DESIGN
IV. MATERIALS
V. INSTALLATION

Prep. M.L.L. Verif. J.A.D Approv. J.A.D. Page 1 of 24

Date 25-04-2006 Date 25-04- Date
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A. This specification defines requirements for external insulation of piping and

equipment in hot service, for the purpose of saving heat, maintaining process
temperature and protection of personnel. Equipment to be insulated includes tanks,
vessels, drums, heat exchangers, pumps, turbines, and other components.

B. The insulation described in this specification is suitable for use in outdoor service
with normal process plant atmosphere. Where the atmosphere andlor potential spills
or leaks contain chemicals that react with the insulation materials specified here,
special insulation shall be used.

C. Requirements regarding the extent of insulation, based on the intended service,

shall be specified on the following project documents:

1. Engineering Flow Diagrams

2. Line Classification Lists
3. Piping Isometric Drawings
4. Instrument Piping Details
5. Vessel and Equipment Insulation Schedule

II. REFERENCES

The latest editions and revisions of the following documents are referred to in this
standard.

A. ASTM Standards

1 ASTM A 240 Specification for Stainless Steel and Heat-Resisting Chromium -

Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip.

2. ASTM B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate.

3. ASTM C 195 Specification for Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulating Cement.

4. ASTM C 449 Specification for Mineral Fiber Hydraulic-Setting Thermal

Insulating and Finishing Cement.

5. ASTM C 533 Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal
Insulation.

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6. ASTM C 547 Specification for Mineral Fiber Preformed Pipe Insulation.

7. ASTM C 552 Specification for Cellular Glass Block and Pipe Thermal
Insulation.

8. ASTM C 592 Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-
Type Insulation (Metal Mesh Covered).

9. ASTM C 610 Specification for Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal
Insulation.

10. ASTM C 612 Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal
Insulation.

11. ASTM C 795 Specification for Wicking-Type Thermal Insulation for use over
Austenitic Stainless Steel.

12. ASTM C 892 Specification for High-Temperature Fiber Blanket Thermal

Insulation.

Ill. DESIGN

A. The service or purpose for which insulation is required shall be classified and
identified as follows:

1. HC - Heat Conservation

Insulate when normal operating temperature exceeds 150°F (65OC). Where

normal operating temperature is between 151OF (66°C) and 300°F (149°C)
inclusive, 1%" (40 mm) thick mineral fiber insulation with aluminum jacketing
shall be used.

2. PS - Process Stabilization

Insulate at any operating temperature when controlled heat loss is required.

The thickness may or may not be the same as for HC. This category includes
piping and equipment containing fluids subject to freezing or thickening.

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3. PP - Personnel Protection

Expanded metal shields shall be used where normal operating temperature

are between 151OF (66°C) and 300°F (149°C) inclusive. Above 300°F (149°C)
bulk insulation may be used. Where metal shields are impractical from a
design or installation standpoint, 1%" (40 mm) thick mineral fiber or expanded
perlite with aluminum jacketing shall be used below 301°F (150°C). For
temperatures 1 301OF (150°C), refer to Table 1 or 1A for insulation thickness.
The extent of protection for PP shall be within 2' (610 mm), horizontally of
normal working areas or access ways for a height of 7' (2.1 mm) above grade
or a platform.

4. FP - Fire Protection

When insulation must serve also as fireproofing, insulating material shall be

calcium silicate at least 4 %" (115 mm) thick to provide 2 hr fire protection per
ASTM E l 19. Jacketing shall be .019" (.48 mm) thick stainless steel bonded
on 12" (305 mm) centers. Insulation shall not be used as a substitute for the
fireproofing materials listed in Engineering Standard 84A1. Polyvinyl acetate
mastic may be used for weatherproofing where it is impractical to use metal
jackets.

B. The normal operating temperature of the fluid and, when necessary, the
temperature for special conditions such as regeneration shall be used to determine
insulation requirements, with the following clarifications:

1. Where a vessel has sections operating at different temperatures, each section

may be insulated as required to suit its operating temperature.

2. For traced piping or equipment, the temperature at which the traced fluid is to
be maintained shall be used.

3. For jacketed piping or equipment, the temperature of the fluid in the jacket
shall be used for determination of insulation thickness.

C. Instrument components subject to flow andlor temperature conditions approximating

those in the piping or equipment to which they are connected shall be insulated to
the same requirements as piping and equipment.

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D. Piping returning steam condensate shall be insulated for heat conservation.

Condensate piping discharging to a sewer shall be insulated through the last
horizontal run as a precaution against freeze-up or as required for personnel
protection.

E. Insulation shall be omitted on the items listed below. However, where personnel
protection is required, expanded metal shields shall be used.

1. All equipment and piping where heat loss is desired.

2. Internally insulated piping or equipment. Such piping and equipment shall

have a conspicuous warning note painted on it stating that external insulation
is prohibited.

3. Flanged joints, except those listed below.

4. Valve bodies, including control valves, whose operating temperature is

between ambient and 300°F (14g°C).

5. Piping and equipment which becomes hot intermittently, such as relief valves,
relief systems, vents, drains, pump-out and blowdown systems, steam-out
and purge steam systems.

6. Pipe union fittings.

7. Strainers and filters.

8. Steam traps.

9. Bellows portion of expansion joints, hinged joints, and hose assemblies.

10. Sight flow indicators.

11. Nameplates on vessels, exchangers, and machinery.

12. Supports for piping or equipment, except as required for support skirts in
Para. 1II.H.

F. The following flanged joints shall be insulated:

1. Those in steam service.

2. Those heated by a tracer or jacket.

3. Those which the Owner required to be insulated for heat conservation.

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Flanged joints in hydrogen service shall not be insulated under any circumstances.

For insulated flanges, bolt and flange material stresses must be acceptable at the
increased temperature.

Insulation applied to flanged joints shall be removable and reusable. It may be

fabricated as shown in detail "H" or it may be of prefabricated blanket type as
described in Paragraph V. B.

G. Bodies of flanged valves, including control valves, in insulated lines which operate at
temperatures over 300°F (14g°C), shall be insulated using same insulation thickness
as the pipe. Valve bonnets shall not be insulated. Screwed or welded valves shall be
insulated with insulating cement and weatherproofed with mastic.

H. If the support skirts for vertical vessels are not fireproofed, the insulation on vessels
shall be carried below the tangent line for a distance of 2' (610 mm) but it shall end
not less than 1' (305 mm) above support concrete or steel. If the skirt is fireproofed,
the insulation shall extend to the top of the fireproofing and stainless steel or
galvanized steel jacketing shall be used to protect the skirt insulation from the top of
fireproofing to at least 2' (610 mm) above the tangent line.

J. Insulation thickness and heat loss values given in Table 1 and 1A are for heat
conservation, and personnel protection. The thickness and heat loss values are
based on calcium silicate insulation with aluminum jacket, 80°F (27°C) ambient
temperature and still air. Calculated jacket temperature is approximately 150°F
(65°C).

K. Where insulation is required for heat conservation and operating temperature is

below 301OF (150°C) 1%" (40 mm) thick mineral fiber or expanded perlite with
aluminum jacketing shall be used.

L. Expansion loops and cross-overs in the heat tracer tubing that are external to the
insulation shall be wrapped with a waterproof fiberglass cloth tape to a thickness of
114" (6 mm).

M. Insulated piping in pipe racks shall be supported on steel shoes. The height of the
shoe shall be such that the bottom of insulation is at least 1" (25 mm) above the
support upon which the shoes rests.

N. Tanks to be insulated shall be equipped with the same type of insulation supports as
vessels, but other methods may be used if approved by ERBBIFoster Wheeler. The
requirements shall be determined for the specific tank and incorporated in the job
specification.

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P. Compressors, pumps, and other mechanical equipment shall be insulated on an

individual basis with consideration given to the requirements for process access and
equipment maintenance.

The equipment manufacturer shall be informed prior to the insulation of each piece
of equipment.

Q. Insulation shall be protected by a metal jacket from the weather, spillage,

mechanical wear, or other damage. Weatherproofing mastic may be used on
irregular surfaces or on surfaces for which metal jacketing is not practical.

R. Stainless steel wire, bands, andlor screws shall be used for fastening insulation and
jacketing.

S. Insulation support rings shall be provided on vertical vessels. The spacing of the
rings shall coincide with the insulation expansion joints. Vertical vessels shall have
minimum of 2 insulation support rings; one at or below the bottom tangent line and
one at the top tangent line. Additional rings shall be added as required by the
expansion joint spacing. Support rings on carbon steel equipment shall be carbon
steel and shall be welded in place by the fabricator.

On stainless steel and alloy equipment, support clips shall be fabricated using the
same material as the equipment item and shall be welded in place by the fabricator.
Carbon steel rings shall be bolted to the clips. See Figure 2 detail "B".

Clamp type support rings shall be furnished and installed by the insulation contractor
at the lower end of vertical piping (Piping inclined more than 45" from horizontal) and
above each flange, ell, tee, etc. for pipe sizes greater than NPS 3. Additional support
rings shall be supplied at 20' (6 m) intervals for pipe sizes through NPS 16 and at 15'
(4% m) intervals for pipe sizes greater than NPS 16. Intermediate support rings shall
only be supplied for uninterrupted vertical runs of these distances. Uninterrupted
pipe runs of 30' (9 m) or greater but less than 40' (12 m) (NPS 4-16) and 20' or
greater but less than 30' (9 M) (NPS > 16) shall be supplied with support rings at the
midpoint of the run or as close to the midpoint as is feasible. Insulation support rings
shall be treated as an interruption when pipe run lengths are not equally divisible by
the specified spacing.

U. Clamp type support rings shall be manufactured from 3/16" (4.5 mm) to %" (6 mm)
thick plate and shall match the piping material. The clamp shall be coated to resist
corrosion if the piping is also coated. Galvanized clamps shall not be permitted on
stainless steel, alloys greater than 9% Chromium or piping which operates above
700°F (370°C).

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V. Support rings at flanges shall be located a minimum of 1" (25 mm) above all welds
and a minimum of on bolt length plus 1" (25 mm) above the back face of the top
flange. Support rings at fittings (ells, tees, etc.) shall be located a minimum of 6"
(150 mm) above the pipe to fitting weld.

W. Expansion joints in the insulation shall be used to provide for differences in thermal
expansion between the insulation material and the piping or equipment material.
Expansion joints shall be packed with a loose fiber insulation material. On vessels, a
1" (25 mm) wide spaces packed with loose insulating fiber shall be provided around
all nozzle and manway necks, or any other attachment to the vessel wall. Maximum
spacing for circumferential expansion joints on vessels and piping shall be as
follows:

Temperature Max. Joint Spacing

OF OC ft m
up to 250 (up to 121) 30 (9.0)

251 to 400 (122 to 204) 35 (4.6)

401 to 600 (205 to 316) 12 (3.7)

601 to 900 (317 to 482) 9 (2.7)

901 to 1200 (483 to 649) 6 (1-8)

On vertical piping and vessels, the expansion joints shall be located under the
insulation support rings where such rings are required. The above table is not
intended to define the location of insulation support rings.

IV. MATERIALS

All insulating materials shall be asbestos free, and where applicable, shall comply with
OSHA requirements.

Acceptable insulation materials are listed below except that insulation for horizontal runs of
piping is mandatory to be Calcium Silicate see V.A.9. Temperature limits listed by the
manufacturers and in the applicable ASTM standards shall not be exceeded.

A. Calcium silicate block and preformed pipe insulation shall be suitable for 1200" F
(650 "C) temperatures and conform to the requirements of ASTM C 533.

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B. Expanded perlite block and performed pipe insulation shall be suitable for 1500" F
(816 "C) temperatures and conform to the requirements of ASTM C 610.

C. Alumina-silica ceramic fiber insulation shall be suitable for temperatures of 2300" F

(1260" C).

D. Cellular glass block and preformed pipe insulation shall be suitable for temperatures
of -450" F (-268" C) to 450" F (232" C) and conform to the requirements of ASTM
C 552.

E. Glass fiber insulation shall not be used for temperature above 850" F (455"C), shall
conform to ASTM C 547, and it shall have no flammable materials attached to it.

F. Mineral fiber insulation shall conform to ASTM C 547 for preformed pipe insulation,
ASTM C592 for blanket type, and ASTM C 612 for block and board type insulation.

G. Insulation jacket components of dissimilar metals subject to galvanic corrosion shall

not be brought into contact with each other. The same applies to contact between
jacket and equipment materials.

H. Insulation material on austenitic stainless steel in hot service shall comply with the
requirements of ASTM C 795. If special grade of material must be manufactured to
meet this requirement, the manufacturer shall make provisions to avoid the
possibility of interchanging standard with special grade materials.

J. All mastics, cements, binders, and other materials used in conjunction with insulation
on austenitic stainless steels shall contain less than 50 ppm leachable chlorides.
Chloride content of water used for mixing any materials shall not exceed 5 ppm.

K. Mineral fiber thermal insulating cements shall conform to the requirements of ASTM
C 195.

L. Mastics for weatherproofing shall be a breathable asphalt, acrylic, or polyvinyl

acetate type. Mastics shall be weather and fire resistant and capable of withstanding
200" F (93 "C) surface temperatures.

M. Sealant for flashing applications shall be capable of withstanding operating

temperatures up to 300" F (140" C). Foster product 30-45 or equivalent is
acceptable.

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N. Combined insulating and finishing cement shall conform to ASTM C 449, and it shall
be compatible with all materials with which it comes in contact. It shall be suitable for
application to the required dry thickness in one operation and shall produce a
smooth surface after being trowled.

P. Metal jacketing shall be aluminum or stainless steel with a factory-applied bonded

layer of moisture barrier on its inside surface. The moisture barrier may be
polyethylene - kraft paper, polysurlyn, or other proprietary alternate approved by
Foster Wheeler.

Jacketing on vertical cylindrical equipment shall be corrugated as follows: For

outside diameters (including insulation) of 30" (760 mm) to 60" (1.5 m) pitch of
corrugations shall be 3/16" (4.5 mm). For outside diameters (including insulation)
larger than 60" (1.5 m), pitch of corrugations shall be 1 114" (30 mm). Metal jacketing
for vessel heads, machinery, pipe, pipe fittings, horizontal vessels, vertical vessels
less than 30" (760 mm) in diameter and other irregular surfaces shall be flat sheets.

1. Aluminium jacketing shall be ASTM B 209 Grade 3003 or 3105 with H 14 or H

16 temper. Thickness shall be 0.016" (0.40 mm).

2. Stainless steel jacketing shall be ASTM A 240 type 304, or equivalent.

Thickness shall be 0.019" (0.48 mm)

Q. Accessory and attachment materials shall be as follows:

1. Wire for securing insulation shall be 16 gage (1.7 mm) fully annealed type
18% Cr-8%Ni stainless steel.

2. Bands and seals for securing insulation and jacketing shall be 0.020" (0.5
mm) thick stainless steel. The widths of the bands for various applications are
given in the Installation Section of this specification.

3. Expander-type bands shall be Gerrard Company or approved equal.

4. Expansion springs for bands on insulation shall be type 302 stainless steel.
INSUL-MATE ES-7 manufactured by RPR Products, Inc. or CHIL-SPRING
manufactured by Childers Products Company, Inc. shall be used.

5. Compression springs for bands on jacketing shall be type 302 stainless steel.
Childers MITY-SPRING or approved equal shall be used.

6. Screw fasteners shall be No. 8 (4 mm) stainless steel, %" (13 mm) long, self-
taping type.

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7. Reinforcing material for mastic finishes shall be 10 x 10 mesh asphalt-

impregnated glass fabric.

8. Wire mesh shall be 1" (25 mm) hexagonal pattern annealed 18% Cr-8% Ni
stainless steel pultry netting with a minimum wire size of 0.036" (0.9 mm).

9. "S" and "J" clips shall be 0.20" (0.5 mm) thick stainless steel.

10. Welding studs, poins, and support clips shall be carbon steel for carbon and
low chromium steel vessels and austenitic stainless steel for austenitic steel
vessels.

11. Flashing materials shall be 0.010" (0.25 mm) thick stainless steel type 304.

12. Loose insulation support rings and angles shall be carbon steel. Their use is
indicated in Figure 1 and 2.

R. All insulating materials shall be noncorrosive to the metal being covered.

V. INSTALLATION

A. General

1. Equipment and piping surfaces shall be cleaned by brushing off all foreign
matter, such as dirt, loose rust, loose scale, plaster, etc., and shall be wiped
clean of oil and water to a dry condition before insulation is installed. Painted
surfaces shall be insulated only after paint has dried.

2. Insulation shall not be installed over joints (welds, flanges, pipe threads, etc.)
or tracers until required field testing has been completed and all such joints or
tracers are proven tight.

3. Dry insulation material which becomes wet prior to or during installation shall
be throughly dried before proceeding with its installation.

4. Working parts of valves, turbines, or other mechanical equipment shall be

protected when insulation is applied. Until all insulation materials, including
cement or mastic, have been removed from these parts (e.g., valve stems,
governor linkages, etc.) the scope of insulation work shall be considered
incomplete.

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5. Insulation up to 3" (76 mm) in thickness may be applied in single layer with
vertical joints staggered. Thicker insulation shall be applied in 2 or more layers
with staggered joints. Adjacent insulation sections shall be butted firmly
together.
Preformed pipe insulation may be installed in one layer if available in required
thickness.

6. Insulation shall be discontinued at flanged connections to permit removal of

the studs. The distance from the end of insulation to back of flange on both
sides of the connection shall be equal to one stud length plus 1". The ends of
insulation shall be beveled at non insulated flanges. At insulated flanges, the
ends of insulation shall be straight. In both cases the ends of insulation shall
be weatherproofed. Weatherproofing for process temperatures up to 300 F
(149°C) shall be sealant such as Foster Wheeler 30-45 or equal. For higher
temperatures, aluminum or stainless steel flashing shall be used.

7. Voids due to fitting of rigid insulation may be filled with insulating-finishing

cement. However, such cement shall not be used in contact with any stainless
steel components or with electrical tracers; instead, in such cases, the
insulation shall be cut to eliminate the voids. If insulating cement is necessary
over a tracer, aluminum foil shall be used to prevent the insulating cement
from entering between the tracer and the component. Cement shall not be
used in expansion joints of insulation.

8. Insulating cement may be used on heads of small vessels or other irregular

surfaces, where use of block insulation is impractical.

The thickness of insulating cement shall be 25% greater than the thickness of
block insulation.

9. In areas of the plant where foot traffic on insulation cannot be avoided,

calcium silicate shall be used on top heads of vertical vessels and the top half
of horizontal vessels and piping.

10. Stiffening rings on equipment shall be covered with same insulation thickness
as the equipment itself.

11. If Blanket insulation is used on large vessels it may be strapped on or it may

be impaled on pins welded to the vessel as shown on Fig. 2., Detail D. All
welding required for installation of insulation must be approved by Foster
Wheeler.

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12. Tanks shall be insulated in a manner similar to the vessels or proprietary

systems approved by Foster Wheeler may be used.

13. lnsulation material shall be held in place with tie wires or bands as follows:

Insulation Outside Dia. Wire or Band Spacing *

of Insulation Size
Single or outer Up to 3' (900 Wire 9" (230 mm)
of double layer mm) to 12" (300 mm)
Inner of double 3' (900 mm) Wire 12" (300 mm)
layer to 18" (450 mm)
Single or outer Over 3' (900 % " (13 mm) 12" (300 mm)
of double layer mm) Wide Band to 18" (450 mm)
to 6' (1.8 m)
lnner of double Over 3' (900 % " (13 mm) 12" (300 mm)
layer mm) Wide Band
to 6' (1.8 m)
Any layer Over 6' (1.8 m) %" (13 mm) 12" (300 mm)
to 10' (3 m) Wide band
Any layer Over 10' (3 m) 314" (19 mm 12" (300 mm)
Wide Band

* Not less than two wires or bands per standard length of insulation.

14. Bands over rigid insulation shall have expansion devices (Para. IV.Q.3 and 4)
as follow:

OPERATING TEMPERATURE
400-600" F 600-800°F 801-1000°F
Vessel OD (204-316°C) (317-427°C) (428-538°C)
s 4' (1.2 m) 0 0 1

NUMBER OF EXPANSION DEVICES

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For Vessels up to 8' (2.4 m) in diameter, expansion devices may be deleted if

the block is cut %" (13 mm) greater in circumference than the vessel. The
blocks shall be secured in such a way that the tension of the bands produces
a compression on the butt edges rather than the block surface. A cushioning
blanket insulation layer (i.e. mineral wool) is also an acceptable substitute for
pansion devices on vessels up to 8' (2.4m) in diameter.

B. Construction of Prefabricated Blanket Removable Covers

1. Insulating material shall be glass fiber or ceramic fiber blanket. Ceramic fiber
shall only be used for the hot face and at temperatures in excess of 1000°F
(538°C).

2. Insulation thickness shall be 1" (25 mm) at operating temperature up to 350°F

(177°C) and 2" (50 mm) at operating temperatures above 350°F (177°C).
Where ceramic fiber is used the maximum thickness shall be 1" (25 mm).

3. External jacketing over insulation shall be silicone-impregnated fiberglass

fabric, 16 oz/yd3 (approx. 600g/m3). The inner surface ("hot face") shall be
covered with the same material at operating temperatures up to 500°F
(260°C). Where "hot face" temperatures exceed 500°F (260°C), the covering
"3'
shall consist of 13 odyd3 (approx. 500 glm fiberglass fabric with 2 mil
(0.05 mm) aluminum foil laminate or 16 oz/yd (approx. 600g/m3) fiberglass
fabric bonded to 3 mil (0.075 mm) 304SS foil.

4. In all cases, the hot face of the covers shall be lined with 302 or 304 stainless
steel knitted wire mesh 0.01 1" (.28 mm) in diameter. Insulation covers shall be
sewn with lock stitching using 10 to 14 stitches per inch (25 mm). Hog ringed
seams are not permitted.

5. Flaps shall be provided to cover mating edges of the cover to shed water.
Ends of covers shall overlap fixed insulation by 3" (75 mm). Lacing with type
18-8 stainless steel wire (16GA) (1.5 mm) shall be used to secure covers.
Lacing hooks shall be on maximum 8" (200 mm) centers. The flaps
overlapping fixed insulation shall be constructed thinner than the jacket to
minimize gaps and flexibility problems during installation.

6. All removable insulation shall have %" (13 mm) diameter drain holes at low
points.

C. Expanded Metal Shields

1. Shields shall be fabricated from flattened %" (13 mm) No. 18-20 expanded
metal. Materials of construction shall be type 304 stainless steel or galvanized
steel. Typical metal shields are shown in Figure 5.

2. Expanded metal supports may be provided by structural steel supports

anchored at the equipment foundation or by stainless steel clips banded to
pipinglequipment. Typical support clips are shown in Figure 6.

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3. Shields on flanged connections and equipment shall be designed for

convenient removal for maintenance access.

4. Individual sections shall not weight more than 40-50 pounds (18-23 kg).

5. The insulation subcontractor in conjunction with field engineering shall have

the authority to alter the shield and shield support design for the purpose of
constructability.

6. In all cases the shields shall be located a minimum distance of 3" (75 mm)
from the hot surface. This distance may be increased as required by OSHA
standards, plant safety requirements or other applicable codes with the prior
approval of FWUSA.

1. Metal jackets shall be installed in a manner as to shed water and shall have a
minimum of 3" (76 mm) overlap for horizontal and circumferential seams.
Where jacket surfaces are cut to provide for protrusions, flashing shall be
provided and installed in a manner to keep water from entering behind the
jacket. Orange peel segments of head jackets shall be lapped 3" (75 mm)
minimum and shall be sealed with Foster 30-45 mastic or equal.

2. Mastic weatherproofing shall be applied in two coats. For pipe sizes larger
than 2", the mastic shall be reinforced between coats with 10 x 10 mesh glass
fabric.

3. Transitions between metal jacketing and mastic cover protection, or

terminations of either type of cover, shall be in such a manner as to provide
for water runoff. This may be accomplished either by flashing or overlapping.

a. For horizontal conditions, the mastic shall extend under the metal jacket
for at least 3" (76 mm).

b. For joints at top of vertical cylinders, the mastic or head jacket shall
overlap the outside surface of the metal jacket, or flashing shall be
used. The overlap, in any case, shall be at least 3" (75 mm).

c. For joints at the bottom of vertical cylinders, the mastic or jacket of the
metal shall be installed under the jacket of the cylinder.

d. In locations where mastic extends over the outside of metal jackets or

steel rings, etc., masking tape shall be used during application of the
mastic and later removed to ensure an even termination of the mastic.

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4. Metal jackets shall be held in place with bands and selftapping screws as
follows:

a. O.D. of jacket 30" (760 mm) and under - One %" (13 mm) wide band at
each circumferential joint, plus at least one intermediate band.
Maximum band spacing shall be 12" (300 mm).

b. O.D. of jacket over 30" (760 mm) - One 314" (19 mm) wide band at
each circumferential joint, plus at least one intermediate band.
Maximum band spacing shall be 12" (305 mm).

5. On vertical piping, vessels and equipment, "S" clips shall be used to keep
jacket sheets from sliding. "S" clips shall be spaced at 12" (300 mm) intervals,
but no less than two clips per sheet.

6. "J" clips shall be used to support the bands on vessels over 10 feet (3 m) in
diameter. The "J" clips shall be attached to the jacket with self-tapping screws
and shall be spaced about 6 feet (1.8 m) apart.

7. Screws shall be used on longitudinal joints and for securing flashing sheets to
provide weather-tight installations. Spacing of screws shall not exceed 6"
( I 50 mm).

E. Vessels and machinery nameplates and code inspection plates shall not be covered
with insulation. Insulation shall be beveled away from such markings and sealed
against water entry. Cavities created by the absence of insulation over the
nameplates: which are positioned so that the water, dust, or other matter may
accumulate in them; shall be fitted with removable plugs made from the insulation
material. such plugs shall be clearly and permanently marked with the word
"NAMEPLATE".

F. Typical insulation details are shown on the following pages. Deviation from these
sketches requires the prior approval of Foster Wheeler unless otherwise noted.

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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umJh
lm FOlZ m T
LCL VESELs
A
P. F u s m G CAWED To NOrZLf

WTH uanc
~ ~wm HEAO IS WEAMRPROO~CO
SLUT TO g l RNN

OR WlRE TED TO fLOATY(G RMC AND TO N W M SUPPORT AN&€

WE COAT OF uAsnc WEN HEAO IS ~ M E R P R ~MD~ H

UASW
WET OFI FINKCOAT OF usnc
' (13mrn)fi HOLES ON 12' (305mm) CENTERS
OP HXJLATION SUPPORT aHG

FOR w A u9t
m
PIP. A t EAW
INTERMEDIATE INSUL SUPPORT RLNC

SEE WTNL 9' (FIG. 2)

METAL JACKET
BAND ON JACXET
PAW MTH LOOSE
MlNfRK WOOC

SUPPORT M4GI.E

NOTE: SUPPOAT RNCS AND QLPS SHAU BE NCWISHED BY VESSEL FABWCATOFI

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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FIGURE 2
INSULATION DETAILS FOR VESSELS
SPACE CLIPS SO
THAT THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN CLIPS DOES
NOT EXCEED 3 ' (.9m)
BUT NO LESS THAN 3 CLIPS

FOR 3/8"(10mm) BOLT WITH

2 WASHERS & NUT
(3Omm)

"S" CLIP

PIN ARRANGEMENT BASED ON 2'(610mm) x 4'(1.2m)

BLANKET. PINS SHALL BE MINIMUM 1 0 GA (3mrn).

INSULATION
THICKNESS j/2" (13mm)0 HOLES ON 12" ( 3 0 5 m m ) CENTERS
WlRE THROUGH HOLES
DETAIL "B"
INTERMEDIATE INSULATION
SUPPORT RING

LAYER OF POULTRY
NETTING OR WlRE
LATH TO SUPPORT
1/4" ( 6 m m ) LAYER OF
INSUL. CEMENT

INSULATION

DETAIL "En DETAIL "C"

VESSEL SUPPORTED ON LEGS SIMILAR TO DETAIL "A" EXCEPT AS NOTED

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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FIGURE S
INSULATION DETAILS FOR HORIZONTAL VESSELS

HOLD

3" (75mrn) MINIMUM OVERLAP

BANDS TIED TO FLOATING
RlNG AND TO
%'' ( 1 0 m m ) CIRCUMFERENTIAL WlRE ROPES
CIRCUMFERENTIAL WIRE r - B A N D TO HOLD JACKET
ROPES TO SECURE
INSULATION
\

HEAD WEATHERPROOFING
2 COATS OF MASTIC
OR METAL JACKET
VESSEL SHELL-/
i

LAYER OF POULTRY
NETTING (FOR MASTIC
WEATHERPROOFING
ONLY)

1/4"
(6mrn)l
FLOATING RlNG

Page 19 of 24
ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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FIGURE 4
PIPING INSULATION DETAILS

JACKET

- BAND

s E , / \ > NSULATON SUPPORT

DETAIL "G"
INSULATION THICKNESS
MINUS )$" (13mm)

\ I // V I \ I " V "I" I V I L lnL I Lndl Ill""

1 k v (WIRE ON MASTIC FLASHING)

FLASHING - SEE NOTE I
tw--1-t
BAND ON METAL FLASHING
lCJj% LMIN.

(loma) BOLT
WlTH NUT AND 2
I \AIIQF n h l L A A C T l r CI A C U l h l P
)
DETAIL "G" WASHERS
CLAMP TYPE INSULATION
SUPPORT RING FURNISHED
BY INSULATOR

DETAIL "F"
, 2" ( 5 0 m m )
UNINSULATED FLANGE -IOVERLAP

VERTICAL LlNE SHOWN.

HORIZONTAL LlNE INSULATION SHALL
BEVELED AT BOTH FLANGES.

NOTE 1
FOR OPERATING TEMPERATURES UP TO 300' F (1 MASTIC FLASHING
USE FOSTER 3 0 - 45 SEALANT OR
WlTH GLASS FIBER CLOTH.
FOR OPERATING TEMPERATURES OF 300' F (149' C) INSULATED FLANGE )I!, (13mm) DRAINAGE TUBING.
AND ABOVE USE STAINLESS STEEL FLASHING. FLARED END INSIDE OF
INSULATION TO BE SECURED
WlTH A SUITABLE ADHESIVE.

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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FIGURE 5
BASIC HEAT SHIELD

GALVANIZED OR STAINLESS STEEL EXPANDED METAL

1%" (38rnm) X 11 GA
WELDED TO 1%" (38mm) BARS

4'-0" (1.2m)
MAX.

k 8'-On (2.4m) MAX.

NOTES:
1. BASIC PANEL IS SHOWN ABOVE. ADDITIONAL FRAME BARS MAY BE
ADDED AS REQUIRED FOR ATTACHMENT OF THE SHIELDS TO THE STRUCTURE.

2. PANELS MAY BE INSTALLED AS FLAT SHIELDS AROUND HOT EQUIPMENT

WHERE CLAMP ON SHIELDS ARE IMPRACTICAL. THEY CAN ALSO BE ROLLED
TO THE REQUIRED CURVATURE FOR ATTACHMENT TO PIPES, VESSELS
EXCHANGERS OR OTHER CYLINDRICAL EQUIPMENT.

3. DETAIL DIMENSIONS ARE INTENDED TO BE USED AS GUIDELINES.

CONSTRUCTABILITY AND CLEARANCE MODIFICATIONS SHALL BE AT THE DISCRETION OF THE CONSTRUCTOR.

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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FIGURE 6
HEAT SHIELD SUPPORT

NOTE:
DETAIL DIMENSIONS ARE INTENDED TO BE USED AS GUIDELINES WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE 3" (75mm) STANDOFF.
CONSTRUCTABILITY AND CLEARANCE MODIFICATIONS SHALL BE AT THE DISCRETION OF THE CONSTRUCTOR.

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ENAP REFINERIA 810-810 941-82A1
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TABLE 1A

INSULATION THICKNESS AND HEAT LOSSES (METRIC UNITS]

NOMINAL OPERATING TEMPERATURES°C

PIPE SIZES
Inches 66+149 150-204 205-260 261-316 317-371 372-427 428-482 482-538 539-593 594-649
(Notes 3,4)

%I1 th 38 38 38 38 38 50 65 75 100 125

hl 13 35 47 60 75 82 91 96 94 103
31 th 38 38 38 65 65 65 65 75 100 125
4" hl 16 26 38 54 54 67 81 107 108 117
1" th 38 38 38 65 65 65 75 75 100 125
hl 18 43 59 61 75 92 102 119 120 129
1 th 38 50 50 65 65 75 75 75 100 125
%I1 hl 23 44 60 70 88 98 117 138 143 153
2" th 38 65 65 65 75 75 75 90 100 125
hl 27 47 64 83 94 115 136 150 163 173
2 th 38 65 65 65 75 75 100 100 125 150
%I1hl 32 50 69 88 101 122 127 150 164 177
3" th 38 65 75 75 75 100 100 100 125 150
hl 36 60 74 96 119 123 147 173 179 193
4" th 38 65 75 75 100 100 100 100 125 150
hl 44 71 86 111 118 143 170 200 210 223
6" th 38 75 75 100 100 100 125 125 150 175
hl 60 83 113 120 150 181 189 222 240 257
8" th 38 75 100 100 100 100 150 150 175 200
hl 75 98 112 144 179 217 202 276 260 282
10 th 38 75 100 100 100 100 150 150 175 200
" hl 90 117 132 170 212 257 236 276 301 325
12 th 38 75 100 100 100 150 150 150 175 200
" hl 105 134 150 193 241 223 265 312 340 365
14 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 150 175 200
" hl 120 149 165 213 227 242 288 374 379 406
16 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 150 175 200
" hl 136 166 184 237 251 267 318 374 417 446
18 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 150 200 225
" hl 150 184 203 260 275 293 348 409 414 463
20 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 150 200 225
" hl 166 201 22 1 284 299 317 378 444 448 497

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ENAP REFINERIA BIO-BIO 941-82A1
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EXTERNAL INSULATION HOT SERVICE Date: Mav. 2006

TABLE 1A

INSULATION THICKNESS AND HEAT LOSSES (METRIC UNITS)

OPERATING TEMPERATURES°C
NOMINAL
PIPE
SIZES
Inches 660149 150-204 205-260 261-316 317-371 372427 428482 482-538 539-593 594-649
(Notes
334)
22 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 180 200 225
" hl 180 218 239 308 324 342 408 427 48 1 578
24 th 38 75 100 100 125 150 150 180 200 225
" hl 195 235 258 332 348 367 437 457 515 56 1
th 38 75 125 125 150 150 180 180 200 225
30 hl 100 98 81 103 108 130 130 155 165 170
11

NOTES:

1. th = Nominal thickness of insulation, millimeters, thicknesses listed on the last line,

labelled 1 30" shall be used for vessels, exchangers, and flat surfaces.

2. hl = Heat loss in k calllin mlhr for pipe sizes up to 30"; Kcallsq mlhr for cylinders
over 30" diameter and for flat surfaces.

3. For personnel protection from 66°C to 149°C operating temperature, metal shields shall be
used in lieu of insulation where possible. (Para. lll.A.3). When insulation is required, 38
mm thick mineral fiber or expanded perlite with aluminum jacketing shall be used.

4. For heat conservation and steam tracing from 66°C to 149°C ooperating temperature, 38
m thick mineral fiber or expanded perlite with aluminum jacketing shall be used. (Para.
1II.K.).

5. Insulation for fire protection shall be calcium silicate at least 115 mm thick with stainless
steel jacketing (Para. lll.A.4).

6. Process stabilization insulation thickness shall be calculated for the individual case and
specified on the Engineering Flow Diagrams.

7. In cases where large diameter piping requiring heat conservation insulation passes
through a vessel skirt, the insulation thickness may be reduced by the Vessel Department
with the approval of Design Technology and Process Engineering to avoid increasing the
size of the openings in the skirt. The resulting insulation thickness shall under no
circumstances be less than 75 mm.

Page 24 of 24