Political Features of India

• Geographic Location:
 6⁰ 45’N to 37⁰06’N
 68⁰07’E to 97⁰25’E
• Total Area:
 3287263 sq. km. (3.3 million sq. km.).
 India is the 7th largest country in the World with 2.4% covering area share (after- Russia, Canada, China,
USA, Brazil, Australia)
 Australia is almost double in size from India.
 India’s shape similar to- Quadrilateral.

 Shape of South India Similar to- Triangular.

• Most point of India:
 Northern most point of India- Indira Col (Karakoram range).
 Southern most point of India- Indira point/ Pygmalion point/ Parson point (Great Nicobar).

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  Southern most point of India in Main land- Kanyakumari/ Cape Comorin (Tamil Nadu).
 Western most point of India- Sercreek (Gujarat).
 Western most point of India in Main land- Gurmota (Gujarat).
 Eastern most point of India- Kibithu (Arunachal Pradesh).

• Length of Indian Main land:

 North to South- 3214 km.
 West to East- 2933 km.

• Short type Information regarding Land boundary and Coastline:

 Total number of State in India- 28 (till May 2020).
 Total number of UT in India- 8 (till May 2020).
 India sharing the border with 9 neighbouring countries.
 7 countries share land borders (Afghanistan, Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Bangladesh).
 2 countries share sea borders (Sri Lanka, Maldives).
 Total length of India’s land boundary- 15200 km.
 India shares maximum land boundary with Bangladesh (4096 km.) and Minimum land boundary with
Afghanistan (106 km.).
 India has the 3rd longest international border in the world after China and Russia.
 Number of state having International land boundary- 16.
 Number of UT having International land boundary- 2.
 Number of state having only state boundary (neither any coastline nor any international boundary) [5]-
Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Telangana.
 Number of state having coastline as well as land boundary [2]- Gujarat and West Bengal.
 State having maximum number of state boundary- [1] Uttar Pradesh (8)
[2] Assam (7), Chhattisgarh (7)
[3] Maharashtra (6), Karnataka (6)
 State having only one state boundary- [1] Sikkim (with W.B.),
[2] Meghalaya (with Assam).
 State having maximum international boundary- [1] Sikkim (with Nepal, Bhutan, China),
[2] West Bengal (with Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh),
[3] Arunachal Pradesh (with Bhutan, China, Myanmar).
 Total length of India’s coastline- 6100 km.
 Total length of India’s coastline with island- 7516.6 km.
 Number of state having coastline- 9.
 Gujarat share 1st longest coastline in India.
 Andhra Pradesh share 2nd longest coastline in India.
 Tamil Nadu share 3rd longest coastline in India.
 Goa share 1st shortest coastline in India.
 West Bengal share 2nd shortest coastline in India.
 Karnataka share 3rd shortest coastline in India.
 Total number of landlocked state (which have no coastline)- 19.
 North- eastern states of India are also known as Seven Sisters (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur,
Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Meghalaya.

• Indian State Reorganisation Commission:

 Set up year- 1953.
 Prior to Independence Primarily India was divided by 553 princely state and 9 British Province (Total-
562).
 After Independence primarily India was divided by 14 state and 6 Union Territory.
 At present India divided by 28 state and 7 Union Territory.
 1st linguistic state in India- Andhra Pradesh (1956).
 Bombay was divided in 1960 to form Maharashtra and Gujarat.
 In 1961 Goa, Daman, Dui, Puducherry had been included as UT.
 Punjab and Haryana spilt from each other in 1966.
 State formation along chronological order:
Rank State Name Formation Date
21st Sikkim 1975

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 22nd Mizoram 20th Feb, 1987
23rd Arunachal Pradesh 20th Feb, 1987
24th Goa 29th May, 1987
25th Chhattisgarh 1st Nov, 2000
26th Uttarakhand 9th Nov, 2000
27th Jharkhand 15th Nov, 2000
28th Telangana 2nd June, 2014

 Area wise largest state in India- [1] Rajasthan, [2], Madhya Pradesh, [3] Maharashtra, [4] Uttar
Pradesh.
 Area wise largest Union Territory in India- [1] Ladakh, [2] Jammu & Kashmir, [3] Andaman &
Nicobar Islands.
 Area wise largest district in India- [1] Kachchh, [2] Leh, [3] Jaisalmir.
 Area wise smallest state in India- [1] Goa, [2] Sikkim, [3] Tripura.
 Area wise smallest Union Territory in India- [1] Lakshadweep, [2] Chandigarh, [3] Puducherry.
 Area wise smallest district in India- [1] Mahe (Puducherry), [2] Central Delhi, [3] Lakshadweep.
 Total number of district as per 2011 census- 640.
 Total number of district at present in India- 741.

 Name of the boundaries of India:

Country between Name of the land boundaries

1.India- Pakistan Radcliffe line
Line of Control (LOC)
2. India (POK)- Afghanistan Durand line
3. India- China McMahon line
Line of Actual Control
5. India- Bangladesh Radcliffe line
Tin Bigha Corridore

 Some interesting fact of India:

 Deepest point of India- Kuttanad, Kerala (-2.2mt.). It is the only place in India where below sea level
farming is being practiced since ancient time. Rice is the primary crop in this region.
 Puducherry is the only Indian Union Territory which have 4 district at 4 different place, which spread
over 3 states. 1st – Yanam (Andhra Pradesh), 2nd Puducherry and 3rd Karaikal (Tamil Nadu), 4th Mahe
(Kerala).

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