Course Code: CE365-hydraulics

MODULE #1
Name: Annie Mae S. Centino Section: BSCE 3-A
Date: 4-20-2022
Schedule: 8 am – 3 pm

Lesson title: Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Materials:

Lesson Objectives: At the end of this module, you will be able to: Calculator, activity
1. Identify different types and its properties of fluids sheets,ballpen,books
2. distinguish different types of units
References:
.1.“Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics
with Engineering Application SI
Edition” by Robert L. Daugherty
2.https://www.slideshare.net/isminc
i/fluid-mechanics-lectur-notes

3. DIT GILLESANIA

4. BESAVILLA

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
1) Introduction

Many people think that water and fluid are of the same meaning. They are not entirely right though as ‘fluid’ is
only a general term and there could be other examples other than water such as air, blood, mercury, and
gasoline. Have you ever wondered what comprises fluids—its types and properties?
Today we will discuss the different properties, types and the different types of units used in fluid mechanics.

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Course Code: CE365-hydraulics
MODULE #1
Name: Annie Mae S. Centino Section: BSCE 3-A
Date: 4-20-2022
Schedule: 8 am – 3 pm

B. MAIN LESSON
1) Activity 1:
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It is made up of atoms. Matter comes in variety of states:
 Solid
 Liquid
 Gas

Solid – the molecules of solid are locked in a rigid structure and can only vibrate (add thermal energy and the
vibration increased.) Some solid are crystalline, like table salt, in which the atoms are arranged in a
repeating pattern. Some solids are amorphous like glass in which the atoms have no orderly arrangement.
Either way a solid has definite volume and shape.

Liquid – is virtually incompressible and has a definite volume but no definite shape. If you pour a liter of juice
into several glasses, the shape of the juice has changed but the total volume hasn’t.

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Course Code: CE365-hydraulics
MODULE #1
Name: Annie Mae S. Centino Section: BSCE 3-A
Date: 4-20-2022
Schedule: 8 am – 3 pm

Gas- it is easily compressed. It has neither definite shape nor definite volume. If a container of CO2 is opened, it
will diffuse throughout the room.

Differences Between Liquid and Gas

Liquid Gas

Easily to compress – changes of volume is large,

Difficult to compress (incompressible) cannot normally be neglected and are related to
temperature

Occupies a fixed volume and will take the No fixed volume, it changes volume to expand to fill
shape of the container the containing vessels.

A free surface is formed if the volume of Completely fill the vessel so that no free surface is
container is greater than the liquid. formed.

Fluids are substances capable of flowing, having particles which may easily move and change their relative
position without separation of mass.

The term fluid refers to gases and liquids. Gases and liquids have more in common with each other than they do
with solids, since gases and liquids both have atoms/molecules that are free to move around. They are locked in
place as they are in solid. The hotter the fluid, the faster its molecules move on average, and the more space the
fluid will occupy.

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Course Code: CE365-hydraulics
MODULE #1
Name: Annie Mae S. Centino Section: BSCE 3-A
Date: 4-20-2022
Schedule: 8 am – 3 pm

Engineering Units

Properties of Fluids are of Two Types:

1. Intensive properties – are independent of the mass of the system.
examples: temperature, pressure, and density.
2. Extensive properties – are those whose value depends on the size of the system
examples: total mass, total volume, total momentum.
2) Activity 3: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)

A. Indicate your answer on the space provided before the number whether it is an intensive or
extensive properties of the following item:

Extensive Property 1. The stockpile of sand is equal to 10cu.m.

Intensive Property 2. The temperature of the room is 400C.
Extensive Property 3. The stone weighs 100Kilograms.
Intensive Property 4. The density of the wood is 150Kg/m3.
Intensive Property 5. The absolute pressure at a depth of 10m below the free surface of oil is 173.9KPa.

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Course Code: CE365-hydraulics
MODULE #1
Name: Annie Mae S. Centino Section: BSCE 3-A
Date: 4-20-2022
Schedule: 8 am – 3 pm

B. Convert the following units :

1. 100Psi------------------MPa
6894.76 Pa 1 MPa −1
100 psi × × 6 =0.689476 MPa ≈ 6.89× 10 MPa
1 psi 10 Pa

2. 1000Kg/m3--------------KPa
kg
1000 ×
m3

3. 25GPa------------------MPa
1000 MPa 4
25 GPa × =25000 MPa ≈2.5 × 10 MPa
1 GPa

3) Activity 2: Check for Understanding (5 mins)

Short Quiz:
1. Why gas has no free surface?
Answer: Gases possess translatory motion randomly, in all directions. Due to that, they do not have
fixed positions and translator motion like any other gas molecules and free upper surface. Gas does
not have free surfaces due to very less force of attraction between the molecules.

2. Chair is in what state of matter? why?

Answer: Chair is in a solid state of matter due to its molecule locked in a rigid structure and can
only vibrate. Its atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern and it has a definite volume and shape.

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