1

1 A small kettle has a potential difference (p.d.) of 12 V (d.c.) across its heating element. The current
in the heating element is 2.5 A.

Calculate the resistance of the heating element.

resistance of the heating element = ..............................................Ω [3]

[Total: 3]

2 A student connects the circuit shown in the diagram. The value of the fixed resistor is 20 Ω.

The switch is closed. The reading on the ammeter is 0.30 A.

(a) Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the fixed resistor.

potential difference = .............................................. V [3]

(b) State the name of the device for measuring potential difference.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Show how the student connects the device stated in (b) to measure the p.d. across the fixed
resistor. Draw the correct symbol and connections on the diagram. [1]

[Total: 5]

3 Explain what is meant by electromotive force (e.m.f.).

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]
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[Total: 2]

4 There is a current of 3.0 A in a copper wire. Calculate how many electrons pass through the copper
–19
wire every 60 s. The charge on an electron is 1.6 × 10 C.

number of electrons = .............................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

5 The diagram shows an arrangement for making an electromagnet.

The switch is closed. The reading on the ammeter is 1.5 A.

Calculate the resistance of the circuit.

resistance = ..............................................Ω [3]

[Total: 3]
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2
6 A wire of length 2.0 m and cross-sectional area 0.40 mm has a resistance of 0.14 Ω.

Calculate the resistance of another wire of the same material of length 3.0 m and cross-sectional
2
area 0.90 mm .

resistance = ..............................................Ω [4]

[Total: 4]