Siyabaslakara Project T 01 Online

online books
ishnia,lr w¾: §mkS

îshnia,lr ms<sn| ir, isxy,fhka
,shejqKq wre;a újrKhls&
le,Ksh úYajúoHd,fha isxy,dxYfha lÓldpd¾h"

wdpd¾h fy' j' ìfyaIa bkaÈl iïm;a
1
online books
l¾;D f.a fjk;a lD;s
Ydia;%Sh yd úpdrd;aul lD;s

1' isxy, .S;fha Pkaoia yd w,xldr ^Ydia;%Sh 2015&
2' Pkafoda,xldrd" ^Ydia;S%h 2014&
3' isxy, lúfha Yíod,xldr ^Ydia;S%h 2014&
4' uqjfoõodj; w¾: §mkS ^Ydia;%Sh 2014&
5' uhQrd¾: §mkS ^Ydia;%Sh 2014&
6' ixialD; kdgH yd r;akdj,S ^Ydia;%Sh 2014&
7' úhrK újrK m%:u Nd.h" wlaIr ikaê yd jdlH Í;s ^Ydia;%Sh 2013&
8'úhrK újrK oaú;Sh Nd.h" mo" úrdu ,laIK we;=¿ jHdlrKdx. ^Ydia;%Sh
2013&
9' .S ldjH fiajkh ^Ydia;%Sh 2012&
10' fm%au-úry f.ah ldjH rplhka ÿgq iudc h:d¾:h ^Ydia;%Sh 2011&
11' úpdr ,sms ^m<uq fj¿u& ^Ydia;S%h 2011&
12' úpdr ,sms ^fojk fj¿u& ^Ydia;%h S 2011&
13' úpdr ,sms ^f;jk fj¿u& ^Ydia;S%h 2011&
14' ukfïys fy< ,l=K ^úpdr 2010&
15' flda,ï kdglh ^Ydia;S%h 2010&
16' ie<,sysKsh w¾:§mks ^Ydia;%Sh 2009&
17' yo ne¢ meÈ ^úpdr 2009&
18' ri isoOa dka;hg m%fõYhla ^Ydia;%Sh 2008&
19' uykqjr hq.fha ix.S;h yd is;j = ï l,dj ^Ydia;%Sh 2008&
20' .eñ kdglfha iudc ksrEmKh ^Ydia;%Sh 2008&
21' ixialD; kdgH iïm%odhfha w.% M,h^Ydia;%Sh 2008& ^wNs{dk Ydl=ka;,h ms<sn|
ú.%yhla&
22' .oH ldjHfha yxi .S;h ^Ydia;%Sh 2007& ^fldaÜfÜ hq.fha .oH idys;Hh ms<n
s |
úuiqula&
23' w,xldr úfkdaokS ^Ydia;%Sh 2005&
ks¾udKd;aul lD;s
24' iqj| uqjro ^flál:d 2014&
25' iS.sß u,ajeys rie;a;h
s l fia ^moH 2009&
26' Èú wreKe,a ^.S;dx. kdglh 2009&
27' wdorfha ^fkd& ksñ iqj| ^flá kdgH folla 2006&
28' .sks.;a fh!jkh ^flál:d 2005&
29' ksrdYd ^flál:d 2003&
2
online books
msÿu
úfoHdaoh yd
úoHd,xldrh kñka
toji meje;s
ienE W.;=kaf.ka iqfmdaIs;
w¾pkSh jQ
uyd iïm%odhhkays
Y%S kduhg
3
online books
mgqk
ms<si|r
ishnia,lr ye¢kaùu
ishnia,lr fm<
ishnia,lr w¾: §mkS
4
online books
ms<si|r
wo Èkh fooyia myf<djla jQ cQ,s ui wg jk od h'

fõ,dj rd;%S kjhhs ;sy miq ù we;s nj ld,fydardj igyka lrhs'
fofkda odyla .ejiqKq iriú ìu md¿ núka f.d¿ .ekaù we;' uu
yqfol<d j u isxy, wxYfha mß.Kl ;srhla bÈßfha h;=re
,shkh lrñka isáñ' hdno j we;s foaYk Yd,djl YsIH
udkjlfhda ;sfofkla fyg Èkg kshñ; úNd.h fjkqfjka mdvï
lrñka isá;s' Tjqka wfmalaId lrkafka ud ;j;a fõ,djla fuys /£
isákafka kï hym;a nj hs' udf.a kslau hdu;a iuÕ wdrlaIl
ks,Odßhd f.dvkeÕs,s ixlS¾Kh jid .sh miqj Tjqkag n,a,ka"
mQika iuÕ wm%ikak jQ lshùï Yd,dfõ ys¢ñka mdvï lsÍug isÿ
jk neúks" ta'
bl=;a Èk lsysmfhys fuka u wo o ;=ka yeúßÈ ;;air mq;=

ud tk ;=re cfka,fha ±,aj, t,a,S f.k md¾ hk jdykj,
Yíohg ysi È.= lrñka ;ju;a n,d isákq we;' ud f.k hk
fohla ld uf.a WKqiqug ;=re¨ j ks|d .ekSu Tyq f.a tl u
isyskh jk neúks' rdcldÍ lghq;= yd ksjfia lghq;= wyjr l<
.eìks ìßh ihkhg ù úfõl .ksñka isákq we;' wef.a uj o
uf.a n;am; fnod ;nd mqgqjlg ù ks¢ lsrñka isákq we;' tfy;a
ud fï igyk ;nd hd hq;= h' túg ysi u; jQ uyd nrlska ksoyia
ùfï m%S;sh ug w;aú¢h yels jkq we;'
fï jif¾ ud¾;= udifha § fï l¾;jHh ud wdrïN lf<a

úYajúoHd,hhkays Wmdê yd mYapd;a Wmdê YsIHhkayg
m%fhdackj;a jk mdG .%ka:hla ilia lsÍfï wruqK fmr±ß fldg
.ksñks' ±kg ishnia,lr iïnkaOfhka ,sheù we;s ixialrK
lsysmhla u uu úuiqï iy.; j lshjd ne,Sñ'
ishnia,lr §mkS" ù' ã' tia' .=Kj¾Ok" iuhj¾Ok" fld<U" 2003
ishnia,lr újrKh" f,a,aj, isßksjdi ysñ" fnka;r Oïufiak

ysñ" yEf.dv Oïñkao ysñ ixialrKh" f.dvf.a" fld<U" 2002
ishnia,lr újrej" ieìfy<" w,õbis" .=Kfiak" fld<U" 1963
ishnia,lr úia;r j¾Kkdj" fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy ysñ"

fyakamsgf.or [dK;s,l ysñ" fld<U" 1964
hk .%ka: o ta w;r fõ' tu tla tla .%ka: iïnkaOfhka

úúO .eg¨ mj;akd wdldrh ug y÷kd .kakg ,enqKs'
ishnia,lr úia;r j¾Kkdj" ishnia,lr újrKh hk .%ka:
5
online books
rpkd l< úoaj;=ka ixialD;h weiqre fldg .;a ÿIalr NdIdjlska

tu .%ka:hka ,shd we;s neúka fmdÿfõ j¾;udk YsIH m%cdjg tu
.%ka: wjfndaO lr.ekSfï ÿIalr;djla mj;akd nj fmfka'
ishnia,lr újrKh lD;sh uqøK ;dlaIKsl fodaI ^ne¢ wl=re
ÿriaù fh§ ;sîu jeks& /ilska o hqla; h' ishnia,lr újrefjys
we;s .eg¨j kï we;eï ixl,am wkjYH f,i yqÿ fy<fhka yd
nejyr niska lshkakg ùu hs' we;eï oE ixialD;fhka lshk l,
jegyqK;a tajd yqÿ fy<hg keÕ+ l, wjfndaO lr .ekSu ÿIalr
fjhs' thska lreKqj, we;s m%dudKsl Ndjh ySk j hk njla o
fmfka' ishnia,lr §mkS kï lD;sh by; lshQ .%ka: ;=k wkqj u
,shejqKq úfYaI;ajhlska f;dr jQ ixialrKhls' tys we;eï
;efkl .S uÕyeÍ we;s njla o fmfka' ta flfia fj;;a tu ish¨
u W.;=kag udf.a YS¾I m%Kduh m< lrkq leue;af;ñ' Tjqka f.a
Ydia;%Sh fiajdj wmg fuys § fndfyda fihska wdOdr jQ neúks'
ud fuu .%ka:h ,Sfõ merKs W.;=ka fuka udf.a úIh

±kqu fyda NdId [dKh m%lg lsÍu wruqKq fldg .ksñka fkd fõ'
j¾;udk mrmqfrys wjYH;d ie,ls,a,g .ksñks' fï jQl,s ±kqu
wÜá .id ;eìh hq;= hq.hla fkdj" merKs W.;=ka úiska wÜá .id
we;s ±kqu ,sys,a fldg ir, f,iska iudcfha yuqfõ m%lg lsÍfï
wjYH;dj mek keÕS we;s ld,hls' uydpd¾h Tlalïmsáfha
m[a[didr ysñhka f.a iso;aiÕrd úuiqfuys o tlS idOkSh
,laIKh ÿgqfjuq'
fuu .%ka:h mqrdjg u wkq.ukh fldg we;af;a b;d

ir, l%uhls' w¾: §mksfhys m<uq fldg ;o wl=ßka olajd we;af;a
ishnia,lfrys tk .Sh hs' fojkq j tu .Sh ta ms<sfj<ska u mo
úikaê fldg olajd ;sfí' tys § ta ta jpk fyda fma<s w.g by<ska
l=vdjg wxl fhdod we;af;a mo ms<sfj< yeÕùu i|yd h' B<Õ
wÈhf¾ § tu wxl ms<sfj<ska u w¾: bÈßm;a lr we;' tys §
jryka ;=< olajd we;af;a w¾:h ;j ÿrg;a meyeÈ,s lr.ekSu
i|yd bjy,a jk jpk yd meyeÈ,s lsÍï h' tajd fkdue;s j jqj o
w¾:h iïmQ¾K fjhs'
ta ta .S iïnkaOfhka jeäÿrg;a mejish hq;= hï w¾:hla

fyda meyeÈ,s l< hq;= mohla fõ kï .Sfha w¾:h lSfuka wk;=re
j Bg háka tu f;dr;=re b;d fláfhka olajd we;' .Sfha w¾:h
m%lg j we;s ;ekays § ;j ÿrg;a w¾: meyeÈ,s lsÍï isÿ fldg
ke;' fydao fydaod ufâ oukafka l=ulg o@ we;eï úg ir, j yd
fláfhka jgyd .; hq;= foa" jeä je,ajgdrï lshkakg jQ úg
jHdl+, ;;a;ajhg m;a fõ'
yeu .Shl § u mdGdka;r ±laùug ^fyj;a ta ta

ixialrKj, fjkia fjkia f,i olakg ,efnk fldgia bÈßm;a
lsÍug& lghq;= fkdlf<a YsIHhkag ndysr fjfyiùïj,ska f;dr
j ir, f,i u fm< wjfndaO lrùfï wNsm%dh u uq,a fldg .;a
6
online books
neúks' tfia o jqj;a fjkia mdG uÕska úfYaI jeo.;alulska hq;=

jQ fjk;a w¾:hla okjkafka heZhs yeÕ=Kq ;ekaj, § ta ms<sn| j
mjid we;'
wm úiska ñka fmr ,shk ,o ie<,sysKsh w¾: §mkS"

uqjfoõodj; w¾: §mkS" uhQrd¾: §mkS hk lD;sj, § o wkq.ukh
fldg we;af;a fuu w¾: j¾Kkd l%uh hs' fuys § fmr
.%ka:j,g;a jvd ir, f,i th fh§ug W;aidy lf<uq' fuu wxl
fh§fï l%uh ;ukag myiqjla jQ nj wm f.a fmr fmd;a mßYS,kh
l< YsIHfhda muKla fkd j we;eï iriú weÿfrda o lSy' ta
ms<sn| i;=gq fjñ' Tfí Ydia;%dkql+, jQ fpdaokd we;akï tajd o
ksy;udkS j ú| ord .kq leue;af;ñ' wkqrEm NdId jHjydrh ud
o m%;sm;a;shla f,i ms<s.kakd kuq;a fuys § we;eï úfgl tu
NdId ,laIKh /lSug jvd .Sfha w¾:h ir, j ±laùug uq,a ;ek
§ug woyia lf<ñ'
ishnia,lrlrejd zfnd<| ;ud fujokqÿ yqÿ mrjefvys

fõjdZ hkqfjka lS mßÈ u uf.a fï <ore joka o wka whg u|
muK jQ ±kqula fyda i,iajkafka kï yoj;ska u i;=gq fjñ'
bl=;a Èfkl fï jeks fõ,djl ksjig hk w;r;=r uu rcfha
.=jka úÿ,s kd,sldjlg ijka foñka .sfhñ' tu ksfõolhd tÈk
ud;Dld fldg f.k ;=nqfKa úm%,ïN YDx.drh hs' tys § Tyq uf.a
w,xldr úfkdaokS kï lD;sh uq,a fldg .ksñka tys we;s
ms<sfj<g lreKq Wmqgd olajñka ud ta ta úm%,ïN m%fNaohkag
kso¾Yk jYfhka olajd we;s .S; u m%pdrh lf<a h' uu ta
kd÷kk" kqÿgq iyDohd .ek i;=gq ùñ' l=gqïN ixrlaIKh
fjkqfjka f.k hd hq;= oE miqjg ;nñka tu idlÉPdj ksu jk
;=re wid isákakg ùñ' ud ta ms<sn| j i;=gq jk lreKq folla
we;' tlla kï ta ksfõol uy;d j¾;udk fndfyda kd,sldj,
isák fmd,alsÉÑhka fuka yqfola jdpd, lu jmq rkafka ke;s j
;u jevigykg wod< lreKq .fõIKh fldg ;sîu hs' wfkl
kï ud ñka jir oyhlg muK fmr iriú isiqjl= jYfhka ,shd
we;s tu fmd; iudc.; ù we;s nj ±k .kakg ,eîu hs' ;j
ÿrg;a ixfYdaOkh úh hq;= heZhs yefÕk ;eka lsysmhla o tys
fj;;a tu .%ka:h ;ukag ÿIalr j meje;s lreKq ir, j jgyd
.ekSug bjy,a jQ nj mjiñka mYapd;a Wmdê YsIHfhda mjd wmg
meiiqï l<y' thska ud jgyd .;a tla fohla kï lreKq ir,
f,i bÈßm;a lsÍfï jeo.;alu hs' ud tys l:d l< we;eï lreKq
ug mQ¾jfha § we;eï merKs W.;=ka idlÉPd fldg ;=nqK;a .S;h
iïnkaO m%dfhda.sl úpdr ld¾hhlg ta fhdod f.k ;=nqKq
wjia:djla olakg fkd,enqKq nj mjikq leue;af;ñ' isxy, .Sfha
Pkaoia yd w,xldr kñka uE;l § wm m< l< lD;sh lshjd ta
.ek meye§ug m;a j ta weiqfrka ,sms ilia lrñka uqyqKq fmdf;a
m< fldg wka wh f.a risl;ajh o fmdaIKh lrkakd jQ ud
fm!oa.,sl j kd÷kk rislhka lsysm fofkl= fjkqfjka ia;=;sh
m< lsÍug o fuh wjia:djla fldg .ksñ'
7
online books
;reK mrmqfrys kj m%jK;d bjid ord .ekSug ;rï

bjiqï is;la we;eï merKshkag ke;s nj o úfgl w;aolskakg
,enqKq nj o fuys § lsh hq;= h' tla uyeÿrl= È.ska È.g u
.rykakg jkafka uf.a w,xldr úfkdaokS kï .%ka:fhys ku
jerÈ nj mjiñks' t;=uka mjik mßÈ ÿ/,Su hk w¾:h o
zúfkdokSZ hkafkys we;;a i;=g f.k §u hk w¾:h we;s
zúfkdaokZ hk rEmhla o ixialD;fha we;s nj t;=uka
fkdms<s.ekSu fÄohls' wjYH kï fudksh¾ ú,shïia Yío
fldaIfhka Tyqg th mÍlaId fldg .; yels h' w,xldr úfkdaokS"
Pkafoda,xldrd hkqfjka ia;%S m%;Hh yd §¾> iajrdka; rEm uq,a
fldg .%ka: kï lsÍu uf.a wNsu;h hs' flfia fj;;a toji
iriú isiqjl= jYfhka ud ,shQ fmd;la .ek fï ;rï ishqï j l:d
lsÍu .ek uu i;=gq fjñ' tu ishqï ±kqu È.ska È.g u fhduq
lrkafka kï t;=ukag ;ud Ôú; ld,h mqrdjg u m< l< tl u
.%ka:h jk m<uq Wmdêfha m¾fhaIK ksnkaOh w;rg ;j;a .%ka:
lsysmhla tla lr .ekSug o iriúfha ;dmamfhka tyd f,dalhg o
funkafola fujka ;ekl isák nj ±k .kakg ie,eiaùug o
kqÿf¾ u wjia:dj Wod jkq we;' fm!oa.,sl f;a fïi fyda fmdÿ
jeisls<sj,ska Tíng ú;a wka wh ÿla uykais ù lrk foaj,a .ek
l:d lrk fuka t;=uka,df.ka b;d f.!rjfhka b,a,d isáñ'
uf.a lghq;= fjkqfjka ksn| WmldÍ jk m%sh ìß|;a"

;;air mq;=;a" udmsh fidhqre wd§kq;a wmf.a .=rejreka" ys;ñ;=rka"
YsIHYsIHdjka yd fmdÿ mdGhhkq;a wjika jYfhka fifkyiska
isys lruq'
wdpd¾h ìfyaIa bkaÈl iïm;a

le,Ksh úYajúoHd,fha isxy,dxYfha § h'
8
online books
ishnia,lr ye¢kaùu
ix{d
ishnia,lr ±kg yuq jk merKs;u isxy,

ldjH úpdr .%ka:h hs' ishnia ¬ ,lr hk jpk fol
tla fldg .ksñka tys .%ka: kduh fhdod we;s nj
fmfka' zishniZ hkq isxy, NdIdj hs' z,lrZ hkq
ixialD; w,xldr hkakg m¾hdh jQ isxy, jpkh hs'
tys wdNrK" N+IKh" ieriSu hkdÈ w¾: .Kkdjla
we;'1 ldjH fYdaNdj Wmojk O¾u;d w,xldr kï jk
nj ixialD; wd,xldßlfhda mejiQy'2 w,xldr uq,a
fldg .ksñka w,xldr jdoh kï úpdr jdohla mek
keÕ=Kq fia u" ri" èjks wdÈ wkH ldjHdx. uq,a fldg
.ksñka o úpdrjdo mekkeÕS ;sfí' fï ish¨ úpdr jdo
w,xldr Ydia;%h kï mq¿,a úIhhg we;=<;a fjhs'3
isxy, NdIdfõ w,xldr fyj;a w,xldr ú.%y

lrk lD;sh hk w¾:fhka .%ka:h kï fldg we;af;a
ixialD; úpdrlhka wkqj hñka nj meyeÈ,s h'
ixialD; idys;Hfha o zldjHd,xldrZ hk moh w,xldr
.%ka: ye¢kaùug fndfyda úpdrlfhda jHjydr l<y'
l%sia;= j¾I i;a jk ishjfiys úiQ Nduy ldjHd,xldr
kñka rpkd l< úpdr .%ka:h ldjH úpdrh fjkqfjka
u ,shk ,o ±kg yuq jk merKs;u ixialD; .%ka:h
hs' bka fmr rÑ; kdgHYdia;%fhys § o ldjH úpdrhg
iïnkaO f;dr;=re yd ldjHdx. ms<sn| j idlÉPd
flreK o th lúh fyda ldjH úpdrh uq,a fldg .;a
lD;shla fkd fõ' tys ldjHh ms<sn| j mejfikqfha
kdgH l,dj yd ne÷Kq wdkqYdx.sl l,djla ms<sn|
f;dr;=re ±laùula jYfhks'
1
Y%S iqux., YíofldaIh" ixialrKh je,súáfha fidar; ysñ"
f.dvf.a" fld<U" 1999" ms' 95
2
zldjH fYdaNdlrdka O¾udk,xldr m%plaIf;aZ
ldjHdo¾Yh" r;au,dfka O¾udrdu ysñ ixialrKh" f.dvf.a"
fld<U" 2009" 2'1" ms' 28
3
[dKiSy ysñ" fyakamsgf.or" idys;Hh" .=Kfiak" fld<U" 1961"
ms' 26
9
online books
Nduy f.a ldjHd,xldrfhka blaì;s j wg jk

ishjfiys úiQ WoaNg kï wd,xldßlhd o ldjHd,xldr
kñka u ;j;a úpdr .%ka:hla iïmdokh lf<a h' kj
jk ishjfiys úiQ jduk f.a ldjHd,xldr iQ;% lD;sh
o kï fldg we;af;a ldjHd,xldr hk moh uq,a fldg
.ksñks' kj jk ishjfiys úiQ reøg rpkd l< úpdr
.%ka:h o ldjHd,xldr kï fjhs' ;jo fodf<dia jeks
ishjfiys úiQ rehHl f.a w,xldr i¾jiaj" oywg jk
ishjfiys úiQ úYafõYajr f.a w,xldr fl!ia;=N"
w,xldr l¾KdNrK hk .%ka: kï fldg we;af;a o
w,xldr hkak uq,a fldg .ksñks'
ldjHd,xldr hkqfjka w,xldr .%ka: ye¢kaùu
uq,a hq.fha úiQ wd,xldßlhka w;r iïuq;shla jYfhka
mj;skakg we;s nj fmfk;;a wg jk ishjfiys úiQ
oKaãka thska fjkia j hñka zldjHdo¾YhZ kñka ;u
lD;sh kï fldg ;sfnkq olakg ,efí' thg fya;=j
meyeÈ,s ke;' kuq;a w,xldrj,ska Tíng .sh .=K-Í;s
jeks ldjHdx. o ;ud idlÉPd lrk neúka yqÿ w,xldr
ú.%yhla u fkdjk nj wjOdrKh lsÍu i|yd
ldjHlrKh Wfoid wkqYdikd lrkakd jQ .%ka:h
hkd¾:fhka ldjHdo¾Yh f,i th kï lrkakg
we;ehs is;Sug ms<sjk' tfy;a isxy, NdIdj we;=¿
fmrÈ. l,dmfha NdId lsysmhlg u uq,a hq.fha § u
mßj¾;kh jQ lD;sh jQfha ldjHdo¾Yh hs' 8-10 w;r
ishjil úiQ nj mejfik .=Kid.r f.a zoKaã
w,xldrïZ kï w,xldr .%ka:h rpkd lf<a
ldjHdo¾Yh uq,a fldg .ksñks' tu lD;sfha isxy,
mßj¾;kh ishnia,lr jkjdla fuka u tys Pdhdj
jegqKq md,s w,xldr .%ka:hla o iqfndaaOd,xldrh kñka
olakg ,efí' iqfndaOd,xldrh rduY¾u kï
wdpd¾hjrhl= f.a ixialD; w,xldr .%ka:hla wdY%h
fldg f.k ksmojk ,o lD;shla nj o tu lD;sh
ldjHdo¾Yhg jvd meyeÈ,s yd iïmQ¾K lD;shla nj o
ví' we*a' .=Kj¾Ok mjihs'1 fudyq fï woyi bÈßm;a
1
.=;a;s, ldjH j¾Kkd" ví' t*a' .=Kj¾Ok" tlai;a m%jD;a;sm;%
iud.u" fld<U" 1962" w,xldr o¾Ykh" ms' L
10
online books
fldg we;af;a iqfndaOd,xldrfhys fojk .d:dfjys

zrduiïudZoH,Ùldrd - ika;s ikaf;da mqrd;kdZ1 hkdÈ
jYfhka olakg ,efnk woyi u;=msáka f.k ú.%y
lsÍfuka nj fmfka'
zfï .%ka:h rpkdfjys § ix>rlaIs;
wdpd¾hmdohka úiska hqla;ia:dkfhys oKaä wdÈ
fm!rdKslhka f.a u;dj,ïnkh l< kuqÿ iajlSh
úYdro jQ ks¾udK Yla;sh fjfiiska olajk ,oafoa
heZhs2 mjik ,nq.u ,Ùldkkao ysñhka" zrduiïudÈZ
hkak w¾: olajd we;af;a fufia h"
zfuys wdÈ Yíofhka oKaã" jduk N¾;Dyß
wdÈka .;ay' rduY¾uka wdÈ wd,xldßlhka úiska
mqrd;kfhys ffoù NdIdfjka rpkd lrk ,o i¾jdx.
iïmQ¾K;ajfhka fYdaNk jQ w,xldr .%ka:fhda fj;sZhs
fuhska m%Yia; jQ wjfYaI w,xldrhka f.a úoHudk;ajh
m%;s{d flfr;s" tfia jqj f;dm f.a fï mßY%uh l=ug
he msIagfmaIKhla jeks fkdfõ ±Zhs wka;¾,Sk
fpdaokdfjys ,d wdrïN m%;slafIamlhka f.a ksrdlrKh
l<y'Z3
rduY¾u wdpdÍka f.a lD;sh mßmQ¾K w,xldr
.%ka:hla jYfhka ta jk úg ms<sf.k ;=nqKq neúka l;=
ysñhka Tyq f.a ku uq,a fldg .ksñka fufia mjid
we;af;a rduY¾u wdÈ mqrd;k wd,xldßlhka f.a .%ka:
weiqre fldg f.k iqfndaOd,xldrh rpkd flreKq nj
muKs' ta úkd ta lD;sh u weiqre fldg .;a njla by;
.d:dfjka woyia fkd fõ' fuh yqfola
ishnia,lrlrejd .%ka:drïNfha § jduk" ild" iqrd§ka
kuialdr l<dla fuka4 yqÿ isysm;a lsÍula muKls'
iqfndaOd,xldrlrejd lreKq bÈßm;a lrkakd jQ
ms<sfj< oKaãkaf.ka fjkia jqj o wka;¾.;h
1
iqfndaOd,xldrh" ,nq.u ,Ùldkkao ysñ ixialrKh" úoHdfYaLr
hka;%d,h" fydrK" 1937" 1'2" ms' 04
2
tu" ix{dmkh" ms' μμμ
3
tu" ms' 04
4
ishnia,lr" fuu ixialrKh" 02 jk .Sh
11
online books
ie,lSfï § óg ldjHdo¾Yh fnfyúka u n,md we;s

nj meyeÈ,s h'
ldjHdo¾Yfha fou< mßj¾;kh jk zoKaã

w,xldrhZ kï fldg we;s wdldrfhka u th yqfola
oKaãka f.a lD;sfhys mßj¾;khla muKla u nj
yeÕfõ' zoKaã w,xldrZ hehs lshQ úg tys lreKqj,
iajdó;ajh yd wkkH;dj uq¿ukska u uq,a l;=jrhd
jk oKaãkag u mejfrhs' tfy;a zishnia,lrZ hk
ye¢kaùu lshd mdkqfha l;=jrhd ix.%y fldg we;af;a
oKaãka f.a w,xldr isoaOdka; fyda ixialD;
wd,xldßlhka úiska olajk ,o w,xldr isoaOdka; fyda
fkd j" isxy,hg wkkH jQ w,xldr ,laIK nj hs'
ishnia,lr hk kfuys o fjku u wkkH;djla
mj;akd nj fuhska meyeÈ,s fldg .; yels fõ' tfia
u tu fjki yqfola kdulrKfha § muKla isÿ lrk
,oaola fkdjk nj;a wka;¾.;fha we;eï úfYaI;d
ms<sn| j o tys § l;=jrhd f.a wjOdkh fhduq jkakg
we;s nj;a ishnia,lr yd ldjHdo¾Yh ii|d ne,Sfï §
meyeÈ,s fõ'
ksñ;a;x
ishnia,lr oKaãka f.a ldjHdo¾Yh weiqre

fldg .;a isxy, úpdr .%ka:hla nj mQ¾jfha o i|yka
flßK' ldjHdo¾Yh wg jk ishjfia § rpkd flreKq
nj fmdÿfõ ms<s.kakd1 u;h jqj;a we;eï úpdrlfhda
tys ld,h i;a jk ishji w. Nd.h heZhs o mji;s'2
,xldfõ ;=ka jk w.afnda" isõ jk w.afnda jeks
rcjreka rclï lrk ld,hg iu.dó j m,a,j
rdcHfha m<uq krisxyj¾uka rcq rclï lrk wjêfha
^l%s' j' 630-666& § oKaãka úiska ldjHdo¾Yh ,shk ,o
nj;a" fï ld,fha § ,xldfõ rcjreka yd m,a,j foaYh
w;r b;d fyd| ñ;% iïnkaO;d f.dv keÕS ;=nqKq
1
úchj¾Ok" Ô' fyaumd," ixialD; ldjH úpdrfha uQ,O¾u"
.=Kfiak" fld<U" 1967" ms' 10
2
talkdhl" mqxÑnKavd" Ñrka;k isxy, idys;H úpdr Ñka;kfha
úldikh" iuhj¾Ok" fld<U" 1999" ms' 02
12
online books
nj;a" th ldjHdo¾Yh we;=¿ ixialD; idys;H lD;s

furfgys jHdma; ùug o bjy,a jQ nj;a mq[aÑnKavdr
ikakia., fmkajd fohs'1
ishnia,lr l;=jrhd jk m<uq jk fiak rcq

th isxy,hg mßj¾;kh lsÍug fya;= jQ lreKq
lsysmhla y÷kd .kakg ,efí'
1' ixialD;h fkdo;a wh f.a iy fláfhka mej;s

merKs w,xldr .%ka: fkdo;a wh f.a m%fhdackh
ishnia,lr rpkd lsÍug l;=jrhd fufyhjQ

m%Odk lreKla jYfhka isxy,fha w,xldr .%ka:
iïnkaOfhka mej;s W!k;d uÕyerùfï fÉ;kdj
±laúh yels h' tys ;=kajk .Sfhka fun÷ woyila m<
flf¾"
zfo/ia jia lshï
fmr .;a .;a ieflúksÿ jQ
fkdo; fkdo; foõ nia
ish lõ ,l=Ksfkla foiaZ2
fláfhka mej;s fmr fmd;a fkd±k isáhd jQ o
ixialD; NdIdj fkd±k isáhd jQ o fomsßi Wfoid
ishnfiys ldjH ,laIKj,ska fldgila f.kyer
olajk nj ñka mejfia' ta wkqj l;=jrhd f.a
wjOdkhg fhduq jQ mdGl m%cdj fohdldr h"
¸' fláfhka jQ fmr fmd;a ^w,xldr .%ka:&
wjfndaO lr.; fkdyels jQ wh
¸¸' ixialD; NdIdj fkdo;a wh
ishnia,lr ldjHdo¾Yfha mßj¾;khla jk
neúka th ffoù NdIdj fyj;a ixialD;h fkdo;a wh
Wfoid rpkd jQ nj meyeÈ,s h' tu hq.h jk úg
1
ikakia.," mq[aÑnKavdr" isxy, idys;H jxYh" f.dvf.a"
fld<U" 2013" ms' 78
2
13
online books
ixialD; NdIdj ±k isákakg we;af;a iSud iys;

W.;=ka msßils' m%;sY;hla jYfhka .;a fyd;a Bg jeä
msßila md,s NdIdj ±k isákakg we;' fn!oaOd.ñl
miqìu yd ne÷Kq NdIdj md,sh ùu thg fya;=j hs' md,s
NdIdj wNsNjd ixialD;h n,j;a ùu mgka .kqfha
fmdf<dkakre hq.fhka miq j h'
by; .Sfhys fláfhka jQ fmr .%ka: heZhs lSfha

ta jk úg meje;s" w,xldr Ydia;%h .ek mejiqKq ±kg
kIagm%dh j we;s fjk;a isxy, .%ka: o fkd tfia kï
ixialD; uQ, .%ka: o hkak meyeÈ,s ke;' tfy;a
ldjHdo¾Yh thska woyia fkdflreKq nj is;sh
yelafla th fláfhka lreKq mejfik .%ka:hla
fkdjk neúks' isxy, mßj¾;khg idfmalaI j .;a
l, o th jvd;a úia;rd;aul jQjls' l;=jrhd ñka fmr
.Sfhka jdukhka .ek mejiQfhka1 we;eï úg Tyq f.a
ldjHd,xldr iQ;% lD;sh fláfhka jQ mQ¾j .%ka:hla
f,i y÷kajkakg we;' ukao h;a tys lreKq bÈßm;a
fldg we;af;a iQ;% ^woyi ieflúka olajk moH mdG&"
yd jD;a;s îQ;%hkays w¾:h yd iïnkaO jQ meyeÈ,s
lsÍï& hk fldgia fol weiqre fldg .ksñks' th .oH
fyda moH ud¾.hg jvd fjkia jQ ixlaIsma; újrK
l%uhls'
ldjHd,xldr iQ;% fuka woyi fláfhka
mejiqKq isxy, w,xldr .%ka: o we;eï úg ishnia,lr
rpkd jk úg mej;=Kd ùug o ms<sjk'
zfmr m`vqfjda o fkdlsh;aZ2
zfmr weÿfrda o fkdlsh;aZ3
zfmr weÿrka l< úlma jyfrkaZ4
1
zuy nUq" ild" iqr - wecrd ta liqnq bis
mjr jduk" o`ä wE - keueo lõ ,l=KecrkaZ
2
3
4
14
online books
wdÈ jYfhka l;=jrhd mjid we;af;a ;udg

mQ¾jfha isá fjk;a isxy, wd,xldßlhka o ke;fyd;a
ixialD; wd,xldßlhka o hkak ksYaÑ; j mejish
fkdyels h'
ishnia,lr rpkd ùug mQ¾jfha foaYh S

úpdrlhka ixialD; ldjH úpdr isoaOdka; ms<sn| j
±k isá nj iS.sß l=regq .S wdÈ uQ,dY%hj,ska meyeÈ,s
fj;;a1 lsis hï isxy, w,xldr .%ka:hla m%lg j
meje;s njg ksYaÑ; j ±laúh yels idOl ke;' tfy;a
i|ia,l=Kla fyj;a Pkaoia ,laIK m%lg l<d jQ
.%ka:hla ishnia,lr ,shefjk úg;a meje;s nj tys
tk f;dr;=rej,ska u meyeÈ,s fõ'
zl,d.=re iq¿md - jeis jQ l=¿Kq kqjK hq;a
l,K ñf; úh;=ka - .;ays mshqï ,l=Kq wEZ2
wk;=re j 16 isg 18 olajd jQ .S ;=kska .S isõmo
ieye,s hk Pkaoia iïm%odhhkag wh;a jQ úß;a 18l
kdudj,shla o l;=jrhd bÈßm;a lrhs' tajd l,HdKñ;%
ysñhka f.a i|ia ,l=fKys ^fyj;a Pkaoia ,laIK
.%ka:fhys& úia;rd;aul j bÈßm;a fldg ;=nqKq úß;a
úh yels h' l,HdKñ;% ysñhka f.a Pkaoia .%ka:h ta
jk úg isxy, úß;a ix.%yhla jYfhka m%lg j
meje;sh;a tjeks jQ w,xldr .%ka:hla fkd;snQ neúka
tu wvqj msßueiSu Wfoid l;=jrhd ishnia,lr rpkd
lsÍug fm<UqKq nj ^ta jk úg ,sheù ;=nqKq fjk;a
isxy, w,xldr .%ka: fkdmej;sfha kï& ms<s.; yels h'
ldjHlrKh iM, ùug kï Pkaoia w,xldr hk Ydia;%
fol u tl fia jeo.;a jk neúka l;=jrhd lD;sh
wdrïNfha § l,HdKñ;% ysñhka f.a Pkaoia .%ka:h
m%Yxid uqLfhka y÷kajd fokakg we;' oKaãka o
ldjHdo¾Yfha § Pkaofiys we;s w.h fmkajd § ;sfí'
1
Sigiri Graffiti, S. Paranavitana, Oxford University press,
London, 1956, Introduction, p. cxcii, cxciv
2
15
online books
zPkafodaúÑ;Hdx il,ia;;am%m[afpda kso¾Ys;#

id úoHd fk!¾úúlaIQKx .dïNSrx ldjH id.rïZ1
ish¨ úß;a f;dr;=re Pkaoia Ydia;%fhys olajk
,o neúka th .eUqre jQ ldjH kï id.rhg niakg
leue;s whg fk!ldjla jk nj ñka mejfia'
2' mrdNsjDoaêh ie,eiaùu
l;=jrhd .%ka:h rpkd lsÍug ksñ;s jQ ;j;a
lreKla jYfhka wkHhka f.a wNsjDoaêh ie,eiaùfï
fÉ;kdj o bjy,a jQ nj tys 404" 405 hk .Sj,ska
mejfia' zW;=fuda i;a;aj f,dalhd f.a wdydr Wfoid ;u
i|ñ÷¿ mjd m%ikak jQ is;ska oka fo;s'Z2 îiodj jeks
wjia:djla i,ld fï woyi mejiQ nj yefÕa'& tneúka
;ud o ;uka f.a YlH;d iSudj ;=< ys¢ñka ldjH
,laIK" m%dK" w¾:d,xldr" Yíod,xldrdÈ ldjHdx.hka
f.ka fldgila fyj;a talfoaYhla wkHhka f.a hym;
Wfoid fï wdldrfhka /ia l< nj o l;=jrhd mjihs'
z,l=Kq mK w; i| - ,lr o Ti< tla foia
fnd<| ;ud fu jokqÿ - yqÿ mrjefvys fõjdZ3
fuh b;d ksy;udkS woyils' ienE úhf;l=
f.a ,laIKh lshd mdñka ;ud l< ld¾hh ms<sn| Woï
yekSula fkd lrk l;=jrhd ;ud u th zfnd<| ;ud
fujokqÿZ hkqfjka wj;lafiare lrkakg we;af;a Tyq
Pkaoia w,xldrdÈh ms<sn| óg jvd fndfyda .eUqre jQ
lreKq ±k isá ksid úh yels h' fuh mßj¾;khla
jk neúka uq,a lD;sfhka imqrd u neyer úh fkdyels
jQ ksid;a" wdOqkslhkag ixlS¾K lreKq tljr .%yKh
lr .ekSfï wiSre;dj ksid;a l;=jrhd w,xldr
Ydia;%h yd iïnkaO ixlS¾K isoaOdka; yqfola ;u
±kqu yqjd ±laùu i|yd u we;=<;a fkdl< nj fmfka'
1
fld<U" 2009" 1'13" ms' 04
2
zj<| je i;a f,djg - i| ñÿ¨ ÿ uy;afuda
myka fufkka mj;akg - flfr;a kq uk msksoykaZ
3
16
online books
fï ir, isoaOdka; iuQyh jqj mrjev i|yd fyj;a

wkqka ;=< tu úIhh ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;s lrùu
i|yd fya;= idOl fõjdZ hkq l;=jrhd ;=< mej;s
m%d¾:kh hs'
3' wur.sß liqnq ;=uka úiska lrk ,o fm<Uùu
.%ka:djidkfha tk .Shlska mejfikqfha
wur.sß liqnq W;=uka f.a W;aidyh fuu l¾;jHh isÿ
lsÍug f,aLlhd fm<UjQ nj hs'
zlsú .=K ueK uf|dia
ksfodia ue;s isß ksfjia
l< ;e;sfkl;au ;ud
wur.sß liqnq ;=udZ1
ldjH .=K kue;s ueKslaj,g lr`vqjla jQ
ksfodia weu;s isßhg ksfji jQ ;ud yd tl mK jeks
jQ wur.sß liqnq kï W;=ud l<d jQ W;aidyfhka .%ka:h
rpkd flreKq nj fuys woyi hs' l< ;e;ska ^fyj;a
lrk ,o W;aidyfhka& hkqfjka fuys mjikakg
we;af;a l;=jrhdg .%ka:h rpkd lsÍug wdrdOkd lsÍu
úh yels h'
m%ia;=; wur.sß liqnq ;=ud l;=jrhd f.a
ifydaorhl= nj meyeÈ,s h' m<uq jk fiak rcqg liqma
yd ñys÷ kñka fidhqrka fofokl= jQ nj uydjxYh
mjihs'2 ñka liqma hkq jeäuy,a fidfydhqrd h' fiak
rc;=ud yd m`ä rcq we;s jQ hqoaOfha § liqma ;=uka ñh
.sh neúka3 Bg mQ¾jfha § lD;sh ,shefjkakg we;s nj
meyeÈ,s h'
wur.sß kduh w,flaYajr fm<mf;a wh i|yd
jHjydr flreKq nj;a" wkqrdOmqrfha w.Nd.h jk úg
w,flaYajrjreka ,xldj yd iïnkaO j lghq;= lr
we;s nj;a" liqma ;=ud tu fm<m; yd we;s lr.;a
1
2
uydjxYh" rcfha uqøKd,h" fld<U" 1931" mß' 50" ms' 43
3
tu" mß' 50" ms' 44
17
online books
iïnkaOhla uq,a fldg .ksñka wur.sß hk kduh

,nkakg we;s nj;a mq[aÑnKavdr ikakia., idOl
iys; j fmkajd fohs'1
by; .Sfhys zksfodia ue;s isß ksfjiaZ hkqfjka
wur.sß liqma ;=ud y÷kajd we;af;a fmd; ,shefjk
wjêh jk úg Tyq wud;Hjrhl= jYfhka lghq;=
lrñka isá neúks' zldjH .=K kue;s ueKslaj,g
lr`vqjlaZ jYfhka Tyq j y÷kajd ;sîfuka Tyq ldjH
Ydia;%hg iïnkaO .=K wdÈ ldjHdx. ms<sn|
wOHhkhg uy;a wNsreÑhla m< l< nj o yefÕa'
fujeks ld¾hhla i|yd l;=jrhdg wdrdOkd lrkakg
fyda Tyq j fmd<Ujkakg we;af;a ta ksid úh hq;= h'
fuys w,xldrj,g lr`vqjla heZhs fkdlshd

ldjH .=Khkag lr`vqjla nj mejiSu o úuiqug
n÷kaúh hq;= jkakls' Ndr;Sh ldjH úpdr .%ka: w;=ßka
ldjHdo¾Yh w,xldr ms<sn| j mejfik m%lg
uQ,dY%hhla jqj o l;=jrhd f.a wkkH;dj jvd;a m%lg
jkqfha .=K Í;s iïnkaOfhka bÈßm;a fldg we;s
lreKqj, § h'2 w,xldr iïnkaO j oKaãka m< lr
we;af;a ta jk úg m%lg j mej;=Kq idudkH isoaOdka;
iuQyhls' ishnia,lr ,shefjk úg jduk f.a
ldjHd,xldr iQ;% lD;sh o ,sheù ;=nqKq nj
ishnia,lrlrejd .%ka:drïNfha jdukhkag kuialdr
m< lsÍfuka meyeÈ,s fjhs' tfy;a tu lD;sh w,xldr
Ydia;%hg yd yd mqrd lshd msúfikafkl=g w;afmd;a
;eîug iqÿiq lD;shla fkd fõ' tys we;s lreKq
w,xldr jdofhka Tíng .sh ixlS¾K;ajhla m%lg
lsÍu;a iQ;% iajrEmfhka lreKq ±laùu ksid ÿyqkkag
tajd wjfndaO lr.ekSug we;s wiSre;dj;a thg fya;=j
hs' ta wkqj ldjHd,xldrh yd ldjHdo¾Yh hk lD;s
fol w;=ßka ldjHdo¾Yfhka .=K-Í;s ms<sn| j
úfYaI;ajhla m%lg ùu o" .=K-Í;s iïnkaOfhka
1
fld<U" 2013" ms' 79
2
úchj¾Ok" Ô' fyaumd," ixialD; ldjH úpdrfha uQ,O¾u"
.=Kfiak" fld<U" 1967" ms' 45
18
online books
isxy,fha we;s wkkH;dj ldjHdo¾Yh yd ;=,kd;aul

j bÈßm;a l< yels ùu o tu lD;sh isxy,hg keÕSug
l;=jrhd úfYaIfhka fmd<Ujkakg fya;= jQjd úh yels
h'
l¾;drx
ishnia,lr l;=jrhd tys .%ka:djidkfhys ;u
l¾;D;ajh olajd we;af;a fumßoafoks"
zisßu;a fika úh;a - ñKs riaks lsre¿ fu .;a
meyehq jia fiai;a lsia - ksß÷ lf<a i,fujkaZ1
isßu;a jQ keKj;a fikÕ we;s Tgqkqj, ueKsla
rYañfhka fiai;a l=i meyeojQ jxYhla we;s i,fujka
rc;=ud úiska ishnia,lr rpkd lrk ,o nj fuu
.Sfhka mejfia' Ys,dfï>j¾K" Ys,dfï>fiak hk
kïj,ska ye¢kafjkqfha o i,fujka rcq u h' tlS
kïj,ska ye¢kajqKq ishnia,lr l;=jrhd m<uq jk
fiak rcq ^l%s' j' 826-846& nj idïm%odhsl j ms<s.ekqKq
fmdÿ u;h hs' Bg fjkia u; o bÈßm;a j ;sfí' kj
jk ishji mgka f;f<ia jk ishji f;la úiQ rcqka
lsysm fofkl= u i,fujka hk ku Ndú; l< fyhska
zi,fujkaZ hkqfjka ±lafjk ishnia,lr l;=jrhd
fojk fiak rcq njg o" ;=ka jk fiak rcq njg o"
y;r jk fiak rcq njg o woyia m< j we;'2
iS' B' f.dvl=Uqr mjikafka ishnia,lr
fodf<dia jeks ishjfiys muK lrk ,o lD;shla úh
yels nj hs'3
nkaÿfiak .=Kfialr f.a u;h jkafka ;=ka jk
fiak rcq ishnia,lr l;=jrhd jYfhka ie,lSu
idOdrK nj hs'
1
2
iqrùr" ta' ù" isxy, idys;H iïm%odh" f.dvf.a" 2008" ms' 43 iy
.=Kfialr" nkaÿfiak" isxy, lúh úpdrh yd ridiajdoh"
.d,a," 1994" ms' 116
3
Godakumbura, Sinhalese Literature, Colombo, 1955, p. 330
19
online books
ziuld,Sk wfkla .%ka:hka yd ;=,kh lrñka

NdId ,laIK o ie,ls,a,g .ksñka ishnia,lr úuik
flfkl= fuh μμμ jk fiak rcq f.a lD;shla f,i
y÷kajf;d;a th jvd;a iïNdjH u;h f,i .; yels
h'Z1
w,õbis ieìfy< mjikqfha o ishnia,lr
l;=jrhd μμμ jk fiak rcq úh hq;= nj hs'2
ishnia,lr újrKh kï ixialrK .%ka:h
rpkd l< f,aLlhka ;sfokdf.ka whl= jk yEf.dv
Oïñkao ysñ ^wfkla fofokd f,a,aj, isßksjdi ysñ yd
fnka;r Oïufiak ysñ h'& mjikafka oi jeks
Y;j¾Ifha wjidk Nd.fhys ,la rch l< μ¶ jk
fiak uyrc ishnia,lfrys l;=jrhd nj hs'
Wkajykafia ;u u;h ;yjqre lsÍug idOl ;=kla
Tiafia §¾> jYfhka lreKq bÈßm;a lr;s'
μ' .%ka:fha NdId ;;a;ajh
μμ' m<uq fiak rcq lúhl= fkdùu
μμμ' Tyqg úfõlhla fkd;sîu
tu lreKq ;=k hs'3 tfy;a fï lreKq ms<s.;
fkdyels h' ishnia,lfrys NdIdj lõis¿ñK"
uqjfoõodj; wdÈfha ldjH NdIdjg jvd u|la .eUqre
jqj;a wka fjkila ke;eZhs by; ú.%yfhys mjid
;sfí' th idjoH lreKls' ±kg úoHudk .S ldjH
iuia;fhka u jvd;a .eUqre jQ jHla; NdIdjla olakg
,efnkafka lõis¿ñfKys h' tfy;a th oUfoKs
hq.fha fojk merl=ïndjqka úiska rpkd lrk ,o nj
idïm%odhsl ms<s.ekSu fõ'4 NdIdj muKla i,ld hq.h
1
.=Kfialr" nkaÿfiak" isxy, lúh úpdrh yd ridiajdoh"
.d,a," 1994" ms' 116
2
ishnia,lr újrej" ieìfy<" w,õbis" .=Kfiak" fld<U" 1963"
fmrjok" ms' ∙μμ
3
ysñ" yEf.dv Oïñkao ysñ ixialrKh" f.dvf.a" fld<U" 2002"
m%ia;djkd" ms' μ¶-∙
4
wm úiska rpkd lrk ,o z.S ldjH fiajkhZ kï lD;sfha fï
ms<sn| §¾> jYfhka idlÉPd lr we;' iïm;a" ìfyaIa bkaÈl" .S
ldjH fiajkh" iqri m%ldYlfhda" fld<U" 2013
20
online books
;SrKh flfrkafka kï tys fndfyda ÿrg olakg

,efnkqfha fmdf,dkakre hq.hg;a jvd merKs jQ NdId
jHjydrhls'
ishnia,lfrys NdId ;;a;ajh yd l¾;D;ajh
ms<sn| Wkajykafia ;j ÿrg;a bÈßm;a fldg we;s
woyila fufia h"
zishnia,lfrys l¾;D ks.ukh lghq;af;a tys
NdId ;;a;ajh wkqj h' wkqrdOmqr hq.fha wjidk
Nd.hg muK fï .%ka:h wh;a úh hq;= hehs NdId
;;a;aj mÍlaIlfhda lsh;s' wkqrdOmqr iuh wjika
jkafka ¶ jk ñys÷ rcqf.ks' fï rcqg wdikak;u
i,fujka rcq kï ¶ jk fiak rcq h' fï rcq
.;alrejl= ùug ;rï W.;a njla uydjxYfha
fkd±lafõ' Tyqg m<uq j rc l< i,fujka úreoh o
we;s rc;=ud kï μ¶ fiak h' fï rc jkdys rc lrjQfha
;=ka jils' tfy;a zta rc f;fï m%d{ h" uyd lú h"
jHla; h''''''Z wdÈ jYfhka uydjxYfha fï rcq .ek
±lafjk j¾Kkdj wkqj o tl, NdId ;;a;ajh wkqj o
fï μ¶ fiak rcq u ishnia,lfrys l¾;D heZhs ksYaph
lsÍu whq;= fkd fõ'Z1
ldjH úpdrh yd ldjH ks¾udKlrh hkq
folls' úpdrlhd lúhl= úh hq;= njg kshuhla ke;'
Nduy" wdkkaoj¾Ok jdukdÈ wkH úpdrlhka m%lg
jQfha o úpdrlhka jYfhka u úkd lùka f,iska fkd
fõ' ishnia,lr lúfhka ,shd we;s neúka hï ;rul
lú;ajhla tys l;=jrhdg mej;sh hq;= jqj;a ta i|yd
uyd lúhl= ;rfï m%;sNdjla wjYH jkafka ke;'
m<uq jk fiak rcq m`ä rcq yd hqoaOfhka

mrdch ùu i;Hhls' tfy;a Bg fmr jir 20la ;rï jQ
§¾> ld,hla rclï l< neúka Tyqg fujeks lD;shla
,sùug úfõlhla fkd;snqKq nj lSu o ms<s.;
1
m%ia;djkd" ms' μ∙
21
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fkdyelalls' rclï l< ld,h ;=< rg wNHka;rfha

we;eï .egqï meje;sh;a th fujeks ld¾hhla isÿ
fkdùug ;rï ndOd f.k ÿkafka heZhs is;sh fkdfya'
.egqï jQl,s fndfyda hq.hkag fmdÿ ;;a;ajhls' fu;=ud
rclï l< jir úiai ;=< u tl yd iudk j .egqï
mej;sfha heZhs is;sh hq;= ke;' m<uq jk fiak rcqg
idfmalaI j ;=ka jk fiak rcq rclï fldg we;af;a
b;d flá ld,hls'
fyaumd, úchj¾Ok ishnia,lfrys l¾;Djrhd
ks¾Kh lsÍug hqyqiq¨ fkd fõ' ta fjkqjg Tyq m<
fldg we;af;a fnfyúka u uOHia: jQ u;hls'
zishnia,lfrys l¾;D;ajh yd ld,h ms<sn| j
úoaj;=ka úiska ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhl fjkia woyia
bÈßm;a lrkq ,eìK'''''''''''' tlsfklg fjkia u; ±rE
úoaj;=ka úiska fï .%ka:h kj jk ishjfia m<uq
w¾Ofha fojk Nd.hg fyda oy jk Y; j¾Ifha uq,a
Nd.hg fyda wh;a úh hq;= nj m%ldY lr we;' flfia
fj;;a fuh úoHudk j mj;sk isxy, idys;H lD;s
w;r wdÈ;u lD;sh f,i;a" úoHudk j mj;sk merKs
u moH lD;sh f,i;a" ldjH isoaOdka; ms<sn| rÑ;
merKs u isxy, lD;sh f,i;a" ta úIh ms<sn| j imqrd
idlÉPd jk tl u lD;sh f,i;a ie,lSug ieu úoaj;a
md¾Yajhla u tlÕ ù we;s neúka ld,h yd l¾;D;ajh
ms<sn| fjkia u; bÈßm;a ùu t;rï jeo.;a f,i
ie,lSu wjYH fkd fõ'Z1
mq[aÑnKavdr ikakia., mjikafka m<uq jk
fiak rcq fuys l;=jrhd njg mj;akd jQ u;h
neyer,Sug lreKq ke;s nj hs' l%s' j' 826-846 olajd úis
jila wkqrdOmqrfha rclï l< Tyq ;=ka jk omamq, ^l%s'
j' 807-823& rcq f.a mq;l= nj mejfia'2 Tyq f.a jeäuy,a
fidfydhqre jQ liqma kï weu;sjrhd f.a W;aidyh
1
úchj¾Ok" Ô' fyaumd," isxy, .S ldjHh flfrys ixialD;
w,xldr Ydia;%fha n,mEu" ^mßj¾;kh frdaysKS mrKú;dk&"
úisÿkq m%ldYlfhda" fndr,eia.uqj" 2009" ms' 25
2
fld<U" 2013" ms' 78" 79
22
online books
u,aM, ±Íula jYfhka ishnia,lr rpkd flreKq

nj;a" liqma weu;sjrhd m`ä rcq ,xldj wdl%uKh
lsÍug igka l< wjia:djl § ñh .sh nj;a" fuu
igkska i,fujka rc mrdchg m;a jQ nj;a tu fya;=
ie,lSfï § m`ä rcq f.a wdl%uKh t,a, ùug mQ¾jfha §
ishnia,lr ,sheù we;s nj ms<s.ekSu ifya;=l nj;a
mQ¾jfha § idlÉPd flßK'
ishnia,lr l;=jrhd ljrl= jqj o Tyq foaYSh
moH iïm%odhfha yd isxy, NdIdfõ tk wkkH;d
,laIK ms<sn| j;a ixialD; w,xldr iïm%odhfha tk
isoaOdka; yd ta jk úg jHdma; fjñka mej;s .=K" Í;s
èjks we;=¿ wfkl=;a úpdrjdo ms<sn| j;a yi< ±kqula
;=nqKq ;eke;a;l= nj meyeÈ,s h'
mßudKx
ishnia,lfrys .%ka: m%udKh i¾. ;=kls' tu

i¾. ;=kg wh;a .S .Kk ydriSh wgls'
zúis;=re oi mKska
,lr ñKe;a uy huE
kj fodia hQ fu ishnia
,lfrys isõ ishzg lõZ1
hkqfjka l;=jrhd .%ka:djidk .Sfhka mjid
we;af;a oY m%dKfhka úis;=re jQ" w,xldr kï ueKsla"
uyd hul wdÈh we;a;d jQ" kj fodia mjikq ,enQ
ishnia,lfrys lú ydr iSh wgla jk nj hs' tfy;a
we;eï ixialrKhkays fuys wjika mdoh olakg
,efnkqfha ;rula fjkia f,ilsks"
zfu ishnia,lfrys isõ ishla lõZ2
1
2
408 .Sh" ms' 231 iy
ishnia,lr úia;r j¾Kkdj" fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy ysñ"
fyakamsgf.or [dK;s,l ysñ" fld<U" 1964" 408 .Sh" ms' 385
23
online books
fuu mdGh ms<s.; fyd;a ishnia,lfrys

wka;¾.; .S .Kk ydrishhla jYfhka ie,lsh hq;=
fõ' lú ydriSh wfgka wdrïNfha iy wjidkfha
±lafjk lú wgla muK wdYs¾jdo" kuialdr" m%d¾:kd"
l¾;D ixo¾YkdÈ uqLH fm<ska mßndysr jQ wjYH;d
Wfoid fhdod f.k we;s neúka úIh lreKqj,g
iïnkaO lú .Kk wdikak jYfhka ydrishhla heZhs
lSu o jerÈ ke;' ishnia,lrg uq,a jQ ldjHdo¾Yfha o
i¾. ;=kla we;;a Bg wka;¾.; jk Yaf,dal m%udKh
660la muK fõ' fuu lD;s foflys i¾. fn§u iy
tajdg we;=<;a jk moH .Kka my; mßÈ fõ'
ldjHdo¾Yh ishnia,lr
1 mßÉfþoh - Yaf,dal 105 1 jk i. - .S 67
tl;=j - 660 tl;=j - 408
ishnia,lrlrejd ldjHdo¾Yfha Yaf,dal
.Kkg jvd 250la muK wvqfjka .%ka:h iïmdokh
fldg we;s wdldrh oel .; yels h' tfy;a uQ,sl
lreKq fndfyda ÿrg uq,a lD;shg iudk j bÈßm;a
flfrhs' ishnia,lfrys i¾. ;=fkys lreKq fm<.iajd
we;af;a my; ±lafjk mßoafoks"
1' m%:u i¾.h ldjH ,laIK" ldjH m%fNao"

rpkd l%u" uyd ldjH ,laIK"
oYm%dK" ldjH fya;= hkdÈ
lreKq olajhs'
2' oaú;Sh i¾.h ldjHdo¾Yfha wd w¾:d,xldr 35
olajhs'
3' ;D;Sh i¾.h hul kï Yíod,xldrh" ldjH

fodaI" oDYHd¾:-.uHd¾: hk
w¾: fNaoh" l¾;D f.a m%d¾:kh
24
online books
yd l¾;D ikao¾Ykh hk lreKq

f.kyer olajhs'
m%fhdackx
isxy, NdIl iudch ;=< Ôj;ajk w,xldr
Ydia;%hg m%úIag ùug leu;s mdGlfhl=g w,xldr
isoaOdka; iuyrla ms<sn| uQ,sl wjfndaOhla ,nd §ug
bjy,a jk lD;shla jYfhka ishnia,lr w.h l<
yels h' .%ka:h rpkd ù jir oyia .Kkla .; jQ wo
jeks Èfkl mjd tys w.h wvq ù fkdue;s nj fmfka'
ishnia,lßka wk;=re j ta uÜgfï lD;s isxy, niska
fkd,sheùu thg tla fya;=jls' fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka
ixialD; w,xldr Ydia;%hg idfmalaI j isxy, w,xldr
Ydia;%h j¾Okh fkd jQ nj hs' isxy, W.;=ka o
ixialD; NdIdj Wf.k f.k uQ, .%ka:hka u
mßYS,kh lsÍug fm<UqKq njla fmfka'
isxy, Pkaoia yd w,xldr Ydia;%hka ixialD;h

weiqre fldg .;a; o thska fjkia jQ iajdëk;ajhlska
hq;= jQ nj uq,a hq.h yd iïnkaO idys;Hd.; uQ,dY%h
yd ldjH ks¾udKdÈh mßYS,kfhka meyeÈ,s fõ' fuu
wkkH;djka o ishnia,lßka m%lg ùu jeo.;a h'
i,fujka ksß÷kag wjYH jQfha ldjHdo¾Yh mofhka
moh isxy,hg keÕSu fkd fõ' Tyq tfia woyia lf<a
kï ldjHdo¾Yhg isxy, ikakhla ,sùfuka myiqfjka
u iEySug m;a ùug ;sìK' Tyq f.a wNsm%dh jQfha
ldjHdo¾Yh uq,a fldg .ksñka isxy, w,xldr
iïm%odhfha wkkH;d ,laIK o ms<sìUq flfrk
wdldrfha lD;shla iïmdokh lsÍu hs' tys § l;=jrhd
fhdod .;a wkqjdo ud¾.h lsysmdldrhlska hqla; fõ'
1' ldjHdo¾Yfha ks¾ÈIag we;eï lreKq ta whqßka u

±laùu
2' we;eï lreKq iïmQ¾Kfhka u w;yer ±óu
3' we;eï lreKq ixfYdaOkhg ,la lsÍu
25
online books
4' neyeßka lreKq tl;= lsÍu1
ldjHdo¾Yh weiqre fldg .ksñka rpkd

flreKq neúka ishnia,lfrys fndfyda ÿrg olakg
,efnkafka uq,a lD;sfha tk lreKq tf,iska u
isxy,hg keÕ+ wjia:d h' tfy;a we;eï úg l;=jrhd
ldjHdo¾Yfha we;=<;a jQ lreKq uq¿ukska u w;yer
oud we;s wjia:d o olakg ,efí' kso¾Ykhla jYfhka
ldjHdo¾Yfha ;=ka jk i¾.hg we;=<;a jQ m%fya,sld
,laIKh ishnia,lrlrejd uq¿ukska u w;yer oud
;sîu oelaúh yels h'2 iS.sß .S hq.fha mgka u m%fya,sld
,laIKh o isxy, idys;Hfha meje;s neúka3 o isxy,
ck f;arú,s w;r mjd m%fya,sld iajrEmfha ldjH
olakg ,efnk neúka4 o Tyq tu ldjHdx.h neyer
lsÍfï fya;=j meyeÈ,s ke;' we;eï úg isxy,
ldjHhkays iq,n j meje;s idudkH ldjH ,laIKhla
jYfhka i,ld neyer lrkakg we;'
.=K Í;s ú.%yh jeks wjia:djkays § uq,a lD;sfha
wd lreKq isxy, NdIdjg f.dapr jk fia
ixfYdaOkd;aul j bÈßm;a fldg we;s wdldrh ±l .;
yels h' ta ms<sn| f;dr;=re fuu ixialrKfha wod<
ia:dkfha idlÉPd fldg we;' l;=jrhd fndfyda ;kays
§ ixfYdaOk isÿ lf<a uq,a lD;sfha jQ lreKq ieflúka
±laùfuks' tfy;a úß;a ú.%yh jeks wjia:djkays § uq,a
lD;sfha ieflúka lS lreKq ;j ÿrg;a úia;rd;aul j
olajd ;sfnkq ±l .; yels h' oKaãka ldjHlrKfhys
§ Pkaofiys we;s jeo.;alu muKla lshd we;;a
ishnia,lrlrejd l,HdKñ;% ysñhka f.a Pkaoia
1
talkdhl" mqxÑnKavd" Ñrka;k isxy, idys;H úpdr Ñka;kfha
úldikh" iuhj¾Ok" fld<U" 1999" ms' 35
2
fld<U" 2009" 3'97-124" ms' 153-163
3
London, 1956, Introduction, p. 236.
4
fï ms<sn| ú.%yhla wm úiska rpkd lrk ,o isxy, lúfha
Yíod,xldr kï lD;sfha we;=<;a fjhs' iïm;a" ìfyaIa bkaÈl"
isxy, lúfha Yíod,xldr" f.dvf.a" fld<U" 2014
26
online books
.%ka:h weiqre fldg .ksñka úß;a iuQyhla o f.kyer

olajhs'
uq,a lD;sfha wka;¾.; fkdjQ lreKq l;=jrhd

f.a wNsu;h mßÈ tla lr we;s wjia:d o ishnia,lfrys
olakg ,efí' uydldjH ,laIK bÈßm;a lsÍug
fmrd;=j l;=jrhd olajd we;s my; ksfhda.h tn÷ tla
wjia:djls'
zfmfoka nqÿ isß;e - niska j;a isß;a wE
mohq;= niska k¿ wE - wk;=re ,l=Kq olajïZ1
nqoaO pß; wdÈh moHfhka o j;a meje;=ï fyj;a

j%; pdß;% wdÈh .oH niska o kdgl wdÈh meÈ iys;
niska fyj;a .oH" moH ñY% j o úh hq;= nj fuys
mejfihs'
oKaãka yskaÿ iïm%odhg wkq.; jQ f,aLlhl=

nj meyeÈ,s h' ldjHdo¾Yh wg jeks ishjfia ,shjqKq
njg mj;akd jQ fmdÿ u;h ms<s.kafka kï Nduy f.a
ldjHd,xldrh Bg mQ¾jfha ,sheù ;snqKq nj o ms<s.;
hq;= fjhs' tfy;a túg oKaãka ;u lD;sfhys Nduy
.ek fyda Tyq f.a ldjHd,xldrh .ek fyda mjid ke;s
ùug fya;=j l=ula o hk .eg¨j mekkÕS' Nduy
fn!oaOhl= nj wkdjrKh jk idOl .Kkdjla u
olakg ,efí' nqoaO kuialdrhlska lD;sh wdrïN
lsÍu2" fn!oaO o¾Ykh yd idys;Hh uq,a fldg .ksñka
;u isoaOdka;j,g wod< kso¾Yk ±laùu3" iifrys
iajNdj-ks¾jdKh jeks ixl,am m%lg fldg ;sîu4 jeks
lreKq .%ka:h ;=<ska u bÈßm;a l< yels idOl h' fï
ms<sn| j bÈßm;a j we;s úpdrl u;jdo ;=,kh lrñka
1
2
ldjHd,xldrh" ;,lsßhd.u O¾ulS¾;s ysñ" Ndr;Sh ldjH
úpdrh ¸" ^ldjHd,xldrh 1-4 mßÉfþo&" §md uqøKd,h" le,Ksh"
1969" 1'1" ms' 63
3
tu" 1'59" ms' 71
4
tu" 2'12" ms' 73
27
online books
;,lsßhd.u O¾ulS¾;s ysñfhda Nduy fn!oaOhl= nj

ikd: fldg olaj;s'1
w,xldr Ydia;%h yd ne÷Kq fndfyda

isoaOdka;hka mekkeÕS we;af;a yskaÿ o¾Ykh mokï
fldg f.k h' miq lf,l biau;= jk wd;aujdo
ixl,amh o Bg idOl imhhs' fï yskaÿ wêldÍ;ajh
fya;=fjka Nduy f.a lD;sh ys;du;d u hgm;a lsÍug
lghq;= fhÿKd úh yels h' flfia fj;;a ishnia,lr
l;=jrhd furg m%p,s; jQ fn!oaO wd.ñl mßirh
ie,lSfuka by; ksfhda.h mkjkakg we;' tfy;a tys
hym;a m%;sM, fuka u whym;a m%;sM, o miq lf,l
we;s úh' hym;a m%;sM,h kï iodpdrj;a .=KO¾u
m%lg flfrk lD;s m%nkaOh ùug th fya;=jla ùu hs'
isxy, idys;Hfha jia;= îch ;%smsGlh we;=¿ fn!oaO
jia;= îchkag u iSud ùu tys whym;a m%;sM,hls'
ishnia,lr l;=jrhd ldjHdo¾Yfhka fjkia j

hñka ikaoIag hulh i|yd kso¾Yk jYfhka bÈßm;a
lr we;s my; .Sh o Tyq f.a fndÿ ne;sh lshd mdhs"
zÈáï ;d jkjqka - kjqka iqrka Èh.=jka

.=jka úu,a uyre jka - rejka úuka oyï .;aZ2
zf,dfjys w.;eka m;a ;eke;a;d jk nqÿka

jykafia f.a wyi fia ks¾u, jQ" udyeÕs jkakd jQ oyï
ms<s.;a Tn jeks jQ foõ rcqka f.a ñKs úuka ÿgqfjñZ
hkq fuys woyi hs' fuh Rêu;a ry;ka jykafia
flfkl= ;uka yd l=¨m. jQ rfcl=g lshk ,oaola fia
.; yels h'3
1
ldjHd,xldrh" ;,lsßhd.u O¾ulS¾;s ysñ" Ndr;Sh ldjH
úpdrh ¸" ^ldjHd,xldrh 1-4 mßÉfþo&" §md uqøKd,h" le,Ksh"
1969" N+ñld" ms' 15-17
2
3
ms' 208
28
online books
fuu nqÿ isß; úIh lr .ekSfï ksfhda.h

ldjHhkays wka;¾.;h iïnkaOfhka jQ Ñrka;k
,dxflah wkkH;djla lshdmdk fia u w,xldr
isoaOdka; jYfhka .;a l, olakg ,efnk we;eï
wkkH;d ,laIK o ishnia,lßka m%;Shudk fõ' j;a
lshuka" wh,is;a jeks w,xldr ksoiqka jYfhka
±laùug ms<sjk' ldjHdo¾Yfha iajNdfjdala;s1 kñka
±lafjk w,xldrh j;a lshqï2 kñka o" W;afm%alaId3
kñka olajk w,xldrh wh,is;a4 kñka o ishnia,lr
l;=jrhd olajd we;af;a we;eï úg tlS ixialD;
w,xldrj,g m¾hdh jQ w,xldr isxy, wd,xldßlhka
w;r iqNdú; j meje;s fyhska úh yels h' jia;= l:k
^j;a lshqï&" wkH;d Ñka;d ^wh, is;a& hk kdu
ixialD; wd,xldßlhka f.a w,xldr kï iuÕ
fkd.e<fma' iso;aiÕrdlrejd W;afm%alaId w,xldrh
y÷kajd we;af;a zWfma,lrZ5 hkqfjka ixialD;
wd,xldßlhkag iudk f,ilsks' tfy;a isxy, w,xldr
iïm%odhh i;= we;eï wkkH;d iso;aiÕrdfjkqÿ m%lg
fkdjkafka fkd fõ' Wnnia" úreÿjd jeks w,xldr
ksoiqka jYfhka ±laúh yels h' iso;alrejd úiska
olajk ,o Wnnia w,xldrh lsisÿ ixialD;
wd,xldßlhl= úiska fkdolajk ,o w,xldrhla nj
mrKú;dk fmkajd fohs'6 ixialD; wd,xldßlhka
cd;s-l%shd-.=K-øjH hkdÈfhys wfkHdakH úfrdaë jQ
mod¾:hka f.a ixi¾.hla úfrdaOh mdkd msKsi u
oelaùu úfrdaOd,xldr kï jk nj mejiQ kuqÿ7
1
fld<U" 2009" 2'8" ms' 29
2
3
fld<U" 2009" 2'221" ms' 81
4
5
iso;a iÕrdj" r;au,dfka O¾udrdu ysñ ixialrKh" fld<U"
1902" ms' 222
6
London, 1956, Introduction, p. cxc
7
fld<U" 2009" 2'333" ms' 108
29
online books
iso;alrejd lSfha we;s .=Khla ke;s lr fyda ke;s

.=Khla we;s lr úfYaI;ajhla m%lg lsÍu ;uka olajk
zúreÿjdZ kï w,xldrfha ,laIKh nj hs'1
isxy, w,xldr iïm%odhh fuka u isxy, NdIdj

i;= jQ we;eï wkkH;d ,laIK o ishnia,lßka
wkdjrKh ùu tys we;s úfYaI jeo.;aluls' .=K-Í;s
isoaOdka;h iïnkaOfhka Tyq bÈßm;a fldg we;s woyia
ta i|yd kso¾Yk fõ' tu úfYaI;d ms<sn| j fuys w¾:
§mksfhys idlÉPd fldg we;'
fï wdldrfhka tod fuod ;=r úúOdldr jQ

m%fhdackhkaf.ka hq;= jk ldjHd,xldr .%ka:hla
jYfhka ishnia,lr w.h l< yels fõ'
wdY%s; .%ka:
• talkdhl" mqxÑnKavd"
Ñrka;k isxy, idys;H úpdr
Ñka;kfha úldikh" iuhj¾Ok"
fld<U" 1999
• ldjHdo¾Yh"
r;au,dfka O¾udrdu ysñ ixialrKh"
f.dvf.a" fld<U" 2009
• ldjHd,xldrh"
;,lsßhd.u O¾ulS¾;s ysñ" Ndr;Sh
ldjH úpdrh ¸" ^ldjHd,xldrh 1-4
mßÉfþo&" §md uqøKd,h" le,Ksh" 1969
• [dKiSy ysñ" fyakamsgf.or"
idys;Hh" .=Kfiak" fld<U" 1961
• .=Kfialr nkaÿfiak"
isxy, lúh úpdrh yd ridiajdoh"
.d,a," 1994
1
iso;a iÕrdj" r;au,dfka O¾udrdu ysñ ixialrKh" fld<U"
1902" ms' 222
30
online books
• .=;a;s, ldjH j¾Kkd"

ví' t*a' .=Kj¾Ok" tlai;a m%jD;a;sm;%
iud.u" fld<U" 1962
• uydjxYh"
rcfha uqøKd,h" fld<U" 1931
• Y%S iqux., YíofldaIh"
ixialrKh je,súáfha fidar; ysñ"
f.dvf.a" fld<U" 1999
• ikakia.," mq[aÑnKavdr"
isxy, idys;H jxYh" f.dvf.a" fld<U"
2013
• iïm;a" ìfyaIa bkaÈl"
isxy, lúfha Yíod,xldr" f.dvf.a"
fld<U" 2014
• iïm;a" ìfyaIa bkaÈl"
.S ldjH fiajkh" iqri m%ldYlfhda"
fld<U" 2013
• iso;a iÕrdj"
r;au,dfka O¾udrdu ysñ ixialrKh"
fld<U" 1902
• ishnia,lr újrKh"
f,a,aj, isßksjdi ysñ" fnka;r
Oïufiak ysñ" yEf.dv Oïñkao ysñ
ixialrKh" f.dvf.a" fld<U" 2002
• ishnia,lr újrej"
ieìfy<" w,õbis" .=Kfiak" fld<U"
1963
• ishnia,lr úia;r j¾Kkdj"
fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy ysñ"
fyakamsgf.or [dK;s,l ysñ" fld<U"
1964
• iqfndaOd,xldrh"
,nq.u ,Ùldkkao ysñ ixialrKh"
úoHdfYaLr hka;%d,h" fydrK" 1937
• iqrùr" ta' ù"
isxy, idys;H iïm%odh" f.dvf.a" 2008
31
online books
• úchj¾Ok" Ô' fyaumd,"

ixialD; ldjH úpdrfha uQ,O¾u"
.=Kfiak" fld<U" 1967
isxy, .S ldjHh flfrys ixialD;
w,xldr Ydia;%fha n,mEu" ^mßj¾;kh
frdaysKS mrKú;dk&" úisÿkq
m%ldYlfhda" fndr,eia.uqj" 2009
ixialD; ldjH úpdrfha uQ,O¾u"
.=Kfiak" fld<U" 1967
• Godakumbura,
Sinhalese Literature, Colombo, 1955
• Sigiri Graffiti,
S. Paranavitana, Oxford University
press, London, 1956
ishnia,lr fm<
m%:u i¾.h
1' iodjd uqj ;Ur - fjfkkZo isõ uqjd

iriúh yi iõ iqÿ - lsú is;a mq,a ufodjq ú,a
2' uy nUq" ild" iqr - wecrd ta liqnq bis
32
online books
mjr jduk" o`ä wE - keueo lõ ,l=Kecrka
3' fo/ia jia lshï

ish lõ ,l=Ksfkla foia
4' fuys úh;a wúh;a - ish,a jokq;a fu myka

.=fKka mj;s ijdfrka - iõ f,da hd mj;añka
5' fï ;=ka f,dje bÈka - iõ io jegqma /ia ria

fkdÈ<sfh;z| nõ od - ;u l| fkd l,a;dfhka
6' fmr uyre uyrc

hi ms<sìUq f.dia nia
leg f;f,ys isgqfk fmfk
ms<s Tjqk kg l,aysÿ
7' .jÕk fõ miia - k od nia le/ ilia
mshiqj yg wka yg - .j nõ fu yqÿ idod
8' tnõks lõys u| - fodiqÿ fidhkakg j;a
;=kq tla ,fmlaks ish,a - isßyqka fj fid÷re jQ
9' .=K fodia flfia .;a

fkdokakd fofk flfr f;dr
lsu w| yg we;e in|
rE fí oiafkys ish,a
10' tue fyhsks i;a f,da - úh;a lrk mjia hq;a

fmr m`vqfjd n|yq ,l=Kq - úis;=re uÕ jokqkg
11' Tjqka úiska fmksKs - lõ isrere;a ,lre;a

leue;sh w;a ±lajQ - joka mnf|zys isrere
12' ta yqÿ fmfoka fõ

ish,a joka mn¢kqÿ
ta folaks hq;a msfhdúkqÿ
ms<s tys ;=ka fï ksh/
33
online books
13' jkq uekeú ishnis - fka lõn| isß ÿ hï

joka mnf|la o lshQ - fmfoka úis;=re imq hs
14' fldiq" uq;a" iÕd; ÿ

h< l=,l;a if.ys
m<jkqfhfkzmo ú;r
fmr weÿfrda o fkdlsh;a
15' l,d.=re iq¿md - jeis jQ l=¿Kq kqjK hq;a

l,K ñf; úh;=ka - .;ays mshqï ,l=Kq wE
16' mshqï .S fo i;rzg

fodf<dia fidf<dia mo kï
ieye,s weye,sÿ kï we;a
ms<s Wmye,s neye,s kï
17' wUye,s kï ±fhla - ms<s msysfhdUq kï we;a

is;s,s .S kï hfule;a - Wkqi| jiï i| kï
18' h<s .,i| kue;a - iqkaysia hkafkl=ÿ we;a

foõmdKS kuqÿ we;a -mo ne÷fuys kshr fï
19' .eUqre lú ihqre - jeofï n| is;e;akg

ta kej fõ msh jyka - úis;a ,lr ñKs rejka
20' fmfoka nqÿ isß;e - niska j;a isß;a wE

mohq;= niska k¿ wE - wk;=re ,l=Kq olajï
21' i. isfhda uy lõ - lsfuzys ,l=Kq úh;a j;a

j;a ksfoi" wdiS fyda - kulr fyda fmrg fõ
22' fy fufia ù hk - mqjf;zhskzka mqj;a fyda

isõ j. m, in| je - W,dr kd isfhda fõ
23' kqjr ihqre .sß hq
isis ysre Wod jekafuka
Whka o, lsvqks uy;a
wjka ukfod< fl<sfhka
34
online books
24' fm<eUqï újd .ekqï - l=urekqzme;a jevqfuka

u;=reÿ ¥ .uka hqo - W<dr kd Wfoks ÿ
25' ,l=¿ lõ ri neú - k;=re kquq;a fkd ú;r
i.ska hq;a ijka .;a - iqi| ms<s fkdo u| jQ
26' f,da uk r|fk - lsúlre ok m,|fka
;yjqre je isgqfk fofk - úis;=re ,lr ,.fka
27' Wkqÿ fyd;a wfÕlsks - fuys lj iõ isß fnfÊ
lshQ ;kays ri fjfiia - ikyd kï t okakka
28' lú neúkka l<zÕ - ksfodia mske;shdKg
leue;sh w;a isÿys - Wj kï fkdu fj o ljr
29' .=K fyhsks olajd - fmr kdjd Tyq úiska

remq u`vq¨ ue`vqu lsh;a - msfhù fid÷re uÕ fï
30' jia" jer" iqre .;e - jkd i;=re rckqÿ
Èksfuka Tjqka biqr o - lsh;a kq uk .kS ;ud@
31' ug is¨gq he myka - iu nõ ñhqre iql=ur
Wre;a m<" W,dr" To - okl,a" iudÈ" fufia
32' oi muKs lsúlue - mK ,lr fõ mka;sia
fuhska rejka Èõys - okkg hq;a lsh;a m;a
33' myka kï m<j;a - iq±ksh nia he" fy fufia
isisyq iif,a mq,a ks,a - uyfk,a le¨ï <.fka
34' m<gq ÿ fu w;a fufia
fkd biafkda bia;s fufia
kq iqÿ mq¨mq, iqrla
m< wla fia /ia Èfia
35' ñhqre kfu frfika - rij;a io;aysÿ u;a

hfulakS fjo úh;a - fofk ñfhfkõ ìÕ= uq¿
36' b;d kqÿre iu

jK tlaks folaksÿ fyd;a
,l=¿ ri fufu;s fh;a
35
online books
joka ri okafkd fufia
37' fu ro forKsiqre - ,o o hï l,a úmal,a

t l,a ysñka f,õys - meje;a oyñiqre uy;a
38' bis;a fufia io - ri kqÿrzl=ßks ÿkq

fkd bia;s zl,a n| j;a - mshqfula Èis W<s÷ ù
39' ;yjqre yeu ,lr - wref;ys ri uudjd

b;s ÿ w.ï isfhda nõ - jyd t yeu fndfyda fia
40' l=¨Kq úfhd úfhdj.
fidr fjfiiska ud fofia
ñhq,eish ;sg fkd tfia
úh;a" fu w;a ri fufï
41' leue;sh uuk l;a
flfia fkd biays úh;a
fu .ïjeis joke wre;
ri yqka njg fu jefÜ
42' ÿjoka mo if|ys
joka mn|f;ys ÿ jQ
fidhkake fia lsúfkzhg
mjq;a fkd hq;a ksoiqka
43' tjka fmr msfhdjla - ÿg o fkdye/fn;a j;a
Èj jofkõ h;a h;a - fmrf<a o@ fkd ish joka
44' wre;a m< kï fkdfk
njzre;a fya fu.ska fjka
l=r iqka kd yqßre r;a
o,ksÿks Wmqf< fmdf<da
45' ó Wmqf< t uy - yqre r;a ihqrefkka ù

fuf;la u;a ÿg fyd;a - Wß÷ yqßrg fka nõ
46' ne÷ïys fï kshr - nqyquka ke;a uy okd
fkd yÕjk ;u wre;a - jokshr we;a o@ ljr
36
online books
47' jecô .=K fka /ia

yefÕa o hï ±hla j;a
W<dr kfuhsks ish,a
lsú uÕ fjdrcfk fufia
48' hÈ ljKeia flfKle

ysKs kï fu ;dj;ays
tjKska wksziqre uqyqKq
ms<s fkdn,d uy l=¿Kq
49' fuod .=Kh fuka - kka .=K /iays fjfiia

yefÕ;a fyd;a yÕ=ka hq;a - W<dr isß isfhda nõ
50' uyÕ= fjfiiqka hq;a - w;a flfkl=z<dr úh;a

fufia fya ñKs ysKoï - rejka j,d" Èuq;a yr
51' iuiaks ,l< jo

mnf|ys To mK kï
miis;a flfkla t kshr
mo ne÷fuysÿ fy fufia
52' iqmqka ird isis - ria l<fUzõ fifur rc

oyiez¢,s uqÿfk jeceô - m,Uf;ys ; nc;a l.
53' okl,a kñzlaue fkd

mej;=ï f,dù jegqfuka
fy je;a;E jofkys fõ
ms<s jekafuysÿ fy fufia
54' f. kï fy ue ;jir - hula ; nf|da ;uka

msú;=re jQ irK hq. - rc /iaks r|jhs kï
55' jecfUk fu msfhdjqre - nrg w;a ,sh w;=re

muK fkdue fõ jevug - l,yi ,i .uka ;S
56' bis;a fufi kqjk;

ofkda f,õys jegqï
flfkla ;=is;a ¨ fufia
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online books
lsh;a úh;=ka fu flf¾
57' iqr f. kshñka wo - ysñka whoug j;a

ksfjia ;ud irK ;d - irK rc foda mõ /ia
58' kyud fkd le/ u| - ueù nU kqn ish,a

fu n÷ j ;S jk nõ - msfhdjqre m;r me;=reï
59' fkd fõ mK okl,a - kï w;sih ,lr ù

lsh;a hq;a if,¨ l,a - fuhg fmr lS uÕ ir
60' wka oyula wfkla

;efklays f,da jegq fuka
fudkjg msysgqj;a fyd;a
iudÈh fh;a fy fufia
61' l=uqÿ ks|d mshqï - fjfk mqnqÿ fj úhqfuka

fu fk;a lsßh ±Ífuka - lshk joka iq,n fõ
62' iu nõ ug is¨gq - iql=ur fu;=ka úh;=ka

Èj jokska ue fhfoa - mji;a fyd;a m<g fldge
63' il=re lsß ó W.= - fjka fjka ri fjfiia fõ
lshf;a wilsh .ska - ÿlsh ms<s lsúhr uÕ
64' ksi. isÿ ms<snka

W.;a .;a úu,a fka
fkdu| zìfhdjqÿ fya fõ
fjfiiska fu lõ imqjg
65' ke; o fya l< ;e;a - .;ska wheÈh joka

isß wkq.=rla ue flf¾ - ksl=;a ljr okla yg
66' tneúks n| ;e;ska - ksn| nia wßhkafka

lsú nõ ke; o buy;a - úh;a fifn bisr fnfÊ
67' f;mq, ue w;sih fi - ,l=Kq mK ;=nq fia

lshQ ukd fureï uÕ - .sfh he fï m<uq i.
38
online books
oaú;Sh i¾.h
68' lõ isß wrk oï

,lre Tyq wo olajd
úlfm;a fl Tjqka ish,a
lsh; fmdfydi;akq Èfha
69' b;sÿ fyd;a úh;a - fmr weÿrka l< úlma
jyfrka tla fola ì÷ - lshkez;a mjia fu ;ud
70' j;a lshuka Wjï

rEml §ml kï
weje;=ï wflõ kï we;a
ms<s w;;=rekeiqÿ we;a
71' je;sfrl únyjqka - iui w;sih kï

wh, is;sú,s ÿ fya - ishqï ,j ms<sfj< kï
72' msh rij;a ysú
mßhd iudys; kï
Wo;a;d kï ms<sflõ
fif,iez;a fjfiia iufhda
73' úreo;a fkdm;a jekqï - jecjekquqÿ ksoiqka
iylshuka fmr¿ï - ms<s wdis uqiq yeÕ=ï
74' fu nia ,l=Kq ,l=¿

,lr uq¿ rejka /ia
l< fyd;a is;a ufodiays
isßu;a fkdjkafkd ljqre
75' mo;a kka kshßks - isákd rE olaj;a

j;a lshuka kï ta - ms<s oE lshqï fy fufia
76' ;=äks jla iqr;a

urd meye fldu, msfhka
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online books
f.f,ka fudyq ;sjk rc

ñhqre joka iqfjd ish,a
77' l,/õ .n f.f,ka - mfrú msh ii, fk;ska

msßj;añkzÕk ;ud - isô úiU ßis isfhda
78' f,duq ±yezÕ n¢ñka - is;=ys o ksjqï flfrñka

mshjñks kqjka hq. - mshka myia mj;af;a
79' ks,a f.f,kz;af,Æ - ln,af,ka isks÷ ;U

fof<ka .jhka m< ù - isis lv lvd u,a lv
80' oE lsßh .=K j;a - i;r lshqï fu kshr

uq¿ .;ays biqre fnfÊ - ms<s lõys ÿ m<g fõ
81' lsh; tla m<Õla - ;efklays jQ hï fia

Wjï kfuzys ú;r - kshr lshfkï fy fufia
82' luf,zõ r;z;a ;, - ;S fu úh;a oyuqjï
foj;ays we;s oyï - m< fldg ksÈiaùfuka
83' mshqfuzõ ;S jqjka - ù b÷jfrzõ fokqjka

úh;a j;a Wjï fï - ms<s yefÕfkzla oyï fõ
84' jqjfkõ ;S mqnqÿ - mshqï ù heZhs h;a f,õ
m<g;a fm/¿fuka fï - fm/¿ï Wjï kï fõ
85' jqjfkzõ ;S mshqï - mshqfuzõ ;S ms<s jqjka
úh;a wkqkqjï fõ - Wifidzjqfkdjqka Èia jQ
86' ;S jqjka lu,la - yd fu iqÿiq fkdfjzka yd
úh;zkqzjï je<elafuka - kshu Wjï úh;a fï
87' ;S jqjka mshqfula - jeks ms<s wfkzm,Õ j;a
t Wjï fõjd fï - úh;zkshï Wjï fh;a
88' meyefhka u;= jqjka - isß ;S i| fkd wkq fõ

iekeysfukqÿ wkq fõ - úh;a iuiqjï kï
89' ;S flfr fõ jqjka - isß ;S kqfn iqmqka i|
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online books
Èáï fuf;la fu w;=re - úh;;sih Wjï fh;a
90' ud fu flfr wE j;a - isß ù ±fm;a i|yg

fkdm;a fya mshqu o we;a - úh;zh,is;=jï fõ
91' keÕs neu ii, fk;a - hï lu,la j;a fyd;a
fya j;a isß fof¾ ;S - úh;a wisß Wjï kï
92' iqmqka isis u`v,ehs
fï ;S jqjk; Wfmhsï
ms<smÈñ hs Tyq o j;a
úh;a t fudfyd Wjï fh;a
93' w;=re nquq nur
lu,la fyd ii, kqjka
jqjk; fyd ;S u fufka
f,f, h;a iel Wjï fh;a
94' i| ks.;a lu,yq - le,afuda i| fkd fj< m;a
jqjk; fu ;S fu thska - úh; ksrK Wjï kï
95' fu ;S jqjka iila - ms<sjla iqj| isßu;a
iqmq,a luf,õ < .kS - úhf;la fï fif,iqjï
96' l< fydam¨ uqyq¨ - jr,ska hq;a remq kqjr
;d wef;drka yd úh;a - mn| fif,iqjï kï
97' mshqï rc /ia uqiq
iila lsi w;a fu fnfÊ
fu fol fifuzÈ;sß ;sj;a
úh;a .ry Wjï fh;a
98' isõj;=zm;a lu,
i| biqre isfrks ±rE
fu fol fifu ;S j;a yd
úh;a miia Wjï kï
99' i| fifu ;S j;a ù - lshkq mjis ud is;a

fy fõjd .=KzhqKq fyda - úh;a lshk mjiqjï
100' mqnqÿ mshqï ird
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online books
isis ìUq fidñ jqjka ;S

fu ;=ka úrefodZjqfkdjqkg
úh;a úreÿ Wjï fh;a
101' fmdfydi;a nfjla ke;a - ieyefi;a ;S jqjka yd
iy levqu m;a isisyg - úh;a ms<sfijqjï kï
102' ñhq,eiaks hq;a ;S - jqjk; i| uqj isfhda
b;sÿ fyd; fkdfjfiia - úh;a fiõjokqzjï
103' jqjka fu fkd mshqï
ms<s fkd nur hq. kqjka
úhf;zla jeks ú,iafkka
;;= lshquqzjï kï fõ
104' i| luf,zla jeks - ú,iszlaue ;S fu jqjka
w;a fu fifu úh;a - fkd wka iqÿiq Wjï kï
105' ;efklays jQ yeu - mshqï meyeir /ia fuka

fjdrcfk ;S j;a h;a - fkdjQjï kï úh;a fï
106' ji fi i¢ka i÷ka - fof,ka yq;eia fuka ;S
fï j;aks lel=¿ joka - ù h;a ÿyÿjï kï
107' i÷ka o, i|/ia
isisl; ure lmqre yr
ye,s fy,aue,s isys,a ;S
myi úh;a nyq Wjï kï
108' l< jka isis ìUqks - f.kqzmq< jka ;S jqjka
;Uqre .eìka ;=kqjÕ - úh;a úlr Wjï fh;a
109' .=jk ojfiõ oji - ysfrõ ysr o /ia tõ
ish úlau ; flf¾ Èks - isß h;a u,a Wjï kï
110' jo mn|la yd hï - jo mn|re;a iu j;

fy tla fkd tla tõ io - jo mn÷jï kï jQ
111' i, fk;a fjdrckd - oika furc jqjka ;S

nuk nureÿ, flire - mqnqÿ mshqfuzõ fydnfka
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112' ir jka t ;=kqjÕ - lu,a iu t jqjkayS

nufrõ ìî fl<fkï - uqj ó ó iqÿiq jQ
113' lshd tla j;a tla - oyulayq olaj;a fyd;a

iu nõ ms<sj;akq ù - ms<sj;a Wjï fy fufia
114' ; fia ke;Zka rfola

Wmok rÿkz;=f¾
fojkq jQ ke;a uehs ;=frla
mri;= kï ;=rejrg
115' b;sß hulayq yd - furud tla lfuys

iufhda le/ mj;aj;a - iufhda Wjï fy fufia
116' foú÷ rlS iqr f,da - ysñ÷ rlS uq¿ fmdf<da

jkid fy wiqr iyia - ysñ jkid remq iyia
117' fhfika ksihqre jka

f;Èka ysre f;da uyrc
.eUqfrka ihqre jekafkys
h;a fï fya Wjï kï
118' lu, ;, b÷ ieõ - neuf,a ,;= o, ,jka
lkd l;=re ñgq lkamg - lk leg ñgq iqjg lg
119' lsi,; i| jqjka - b÷jr fk;zl=iq .yka
jÿre ueo ;=kq ;sir - msfhdjqre fld| je,a oika
120' lv ;Ur md ;, - rU hq. jfgdr ìÕ= rc
jid ird isis furc - iskd isß l;a fhdafkda
121' iila jqjka ñKs - ks,a fk;a ,sh fldu,ÕE
lshQ wref;zõ io y< - ms<s fï iuiqjï kï
122' wka mo wre;a ir - W;=re more;a ir yd

fmr mo wre;a ir yd - fomo wre;a ir o we;a
123' fkdfhla ,sÕ= jokqÿ - l=ÿ uyj;=ÿ Wjug

ksfodia fmr lsújrka - msfhda weiqre lr;a fyd;a
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124' .eyeks tõ fy fif¾ - msßñyq fuka fnfKa fyda

mKka fi mshù in| - jqyq úÿyq okflõ /ia
125' ; fuka ysñ ñysm,a

fjdrcfka ilafoõ ro
m< f;Èks f;d iyia ria
fifu h;a ksoiqfkz;=kg
126' isis yia lf;õ iqÿ

kqn ù úu,a ú,a fia
ysñ ne;s fnf< iqjkq jka
ßú fuka lfoda Èiafka
127' we; o fya kshj;ayq - fkd fu miis;a fï Wjï

±is hqre iqÿiq rÕ tõ - tla n÷ kqrE ms<srE
128' whqre jeks j,d - m,Õ yrK .ska fuka
oy¿ iq,d y¿ jka - úmla ms<sjla n÷ fia
129' fkd msá .ks .eyefÜ - iefÜ kid jkid

fkd wvqfj jvd jvjd - úhjd iqre mrojd
130' ieyefia frfia fia - meyefia jefia wjqfia
fofka f;fka wkqfõ - fljq,d fldjd fj<md
131' fï wE kka Wjï - lshk joka ñKs rejka
lsúka yso w;ays lr;a - fmdfydi;a j;a ljr nr
132' Wjï fu keiqKq fí - rEml kï fy fu fia
nyq,sh w;a;, mshqï - kqjks÷jr jqjka i|
133' iqr;eÕs,s ù m¨ - ksh ria ù l=iqï /ia

w;ayq ÿ jQ ,sh ji;a - isß f;d wmg mila ir
134' fidñ jqjka iqmqka - isis u`v, ;S l,an|
isß m;a iskd fu furc - uuk l=uqÿ mqnqÿ ù
135' ish,af,kZka fihska

fyhskq ÿ ;;= je<elafuka
Wjï je;sfrl fif,ia
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fjfiia jiï wflõ ±z;a

136' iqr;eÕs,s m;a fm< - ksh/ia flire ; irK
lu,a ñysm,a uqÿfka - krks÷" wro r|fka
137' r;a kqjka uyfk,a

ii, ,jka lsi,a ;S
jqjk; ljr lrefKks
úisk;= ke;e ;ud fodia
138' iq;ka neu f,a uq;a - iru o,ì÷ r;afkka

m<g flf¾ uo iud - isßu;a j;a mshqï ;S
139' uo r;a fldmq,a m;a - kqjka uyfk,a fk;a l,a
jqjk;sks ;S fu ish,a - ok/ia rd uqjd ù
140' tlÕ rEml fï - fufia fo wÕ ;=kzÕ fõ

isÿ jQ rEmlska h< - m< jQ rEml fufia
141' iskd iqÿ l=iqï - ÿ, ii, fk;a ìÕ= ;S
jqjk; úh; l=iqï - ìÕ= isfhdúka hq;a lsh;a
142' fldu, iskd isis - ria isks÷ fk;=zmq¨zjka
úh;=zmq,a isis ria yd - fkdhq;ska fï whq;= kï
143' nquQ neu,sh ieõ - uo r;a fldmq,a u,a yS

jqjka isis u`vf,ka ;S - Èk; msh,a Èh ish,a
144' uqÿka ,. kqn .Õe - o, je/,S mshqï ken
irK; È; ìfhka uq;a - iqr fidïkia oo fofka
145' fkd uqyq¨ flfr mshqï
b¿ fkd o fnfu kqfn jqjka
isis ;S jefÜ fu ;ud
urkg h;a úreÿ kï
146' .eUqßks f;d o,ksÿ - ißka fur f;Èka ysre

leue;shz;od neúkqÿ - ms<s lma;=re uq¿ Èfha
147' ;S jqjk; ;Uqre - fï rcyia nc;a j;a
isßkqzÿ, ,l< uqyq¿ - ishy Èfhys fjdrcfka
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148' fufoka r;a meyem;a - fu;S jqjka iqmqka i|

i| leüka ueo ,o - Wohf.ys i| n÷ ù
149' W<s÷ iqrkg ù - ;uyg ;S jqjka i|

fya fkdmsrefKa u| fõ - ishy iqmqka ú,ia fï
150' fmfkñkzkqka fufia - ;jk l, oyñka hq;a

jqjk; i|g ;S ±ka - mshn| ;e;a W<s÷ nõ
151' ;S jqjk;a i| o - ;jd fu oreKq j ;ud

;ud l< múfkzúh;a - iuoka rEml úh;a
152' jqjka mshqï rfÕys - m< ;S neu ,sh ks<s

,S,d kegqï mE ks;s - uk ld fkd.kaks ish,a
153' fkd jqjka mshqï ms<s
fkd ;S kqjka nur hq.
flire fuhe fkd oika ria
msfhdjqre fkd ;S rka yia
154' Wjï rEml fol - lrz;;a ke; uq¿ úlma
fiiqyq ÿ fu uÕsks úh;a - lsúkzkqu;a lr;a hq;a
155' §ml kï fjoE - lsßh .=K j;a olajd
isá lj uq¿ f;m,kg - jy,a jofklays fufia
156' ol=Kq ure ;=re ysia - i,d yÍ mrK,d
jefÜ kj mshka h< - uk j;< uka ì÷ug
157' fifr;a isjq ihqre - ysñkez;=¿ ilajf<ys
.c rcyq ; mqnqÿ fld| - jk iqÿ hi mn|yqÿ
158' iqks,a meye jqyq ks;s - È.yq n| mjqia fuhska

fmdf<dyq ÿ iqisks÷ ,o - kj io, riaks ish,a
159' krKd úiska m< - úlafuka hq;ziqr ishka

isß ir ljr fkdme,E - iqrksz÷yq fkd ljr m;a
160' fulS yeu fu fmr - §ml he ñka fu ish,a
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online books
jokqka ueo jikayÿs - ms<s olajï fy fufia

161' kg;a .h;a flld
/úka fnho uqÿfka
islsks÷yq n¢;s kqjka
f.fk fidïkieziaor .eí
162' u| iqj| isys,a - k, lr fõ i|/ia yuq

yq;eia ms<s i÷kzf,jqka - .k i;a jeis úfhdakg
163' o, o, oßkqz;=< - úuka isls k<ka le,

i, ish úÿ ls÷yqÿ - n< l=iquúh fu ish,a
164' ;S ijke b÷jr - ier ieõys uqjr ood

uk ureysÿ ;ud - fu;=ka iu l,ays flf<a
165' ueo .=K j;a jike - to j;a lsh;a m;a fï
fu.ska ieflúka Wiqre - wka jokqÿ mjq;a hq;a
166' fmrv ui isisyg - jevqug fyo l|mayg
l|mqÿ rdukg fyo - oyr ukfod< fl<shg
167' úiq< .|úy ;=Õ= - ;u,a ,sh ks,a fk;al,a

fnfu;a o,oryq kqfí - ñysys uo u;a we;ayqÿ
168' l|mayq oma jv;a - n| o,oryq rEisre

flfr;a ;=kq .sïyq yu< - mjkskqz;=< f;da ì÷yq
169' yß;a È.=ka ú;r - .ks;a ;reje, o h<
wÈ;a mKqka fu ;ud - uyfïyq fu jecfUkd
170' u,ska fif,iafkka

úreo;sfkzl;ska fufia
fiiqyqÿ fu fu kshïfkka
úlm;a m;a lsú okd
171' ms<smeje;=ï kue;a
;=fkla wre;aksÿ fmfoka
t fofllaksÿ ms<smj;a
t le/j;afkï fyfufia
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172' mqnqÈ fldf<dô¿ msfm - l÷¨ ñKsuqiais uqy¨

q
úysÈ ÿkqflys lel=¿ - ñKs ±Èß fyda;=re fm<
173' fofk ji;a iyu,a - m¨,sh ;=ßka iisß

fofk uqjr fofo ish,a - ,sh ieõys u,a ySfhka
174' okd ish,a ysñ - fjfia ±ka wef;drka yd

fjfia fojirka yd - ms<s ;remq j. i. m;a
175' wflõ kï ms<sfiõ

fya l,a úiska ;=ka fia
je<el=ï j;=ka fyaksÿ
fy fu fõ wk; fï .ska
176' mia l=iqï fifrka - ÈkS uqjr fofo ish,a

b;sÿ fyd;a fkd yeoyqï - j;a fya úis;=re j;a
177' ljr fya flfrys - ijks÷jr ijka yS

fulïys l=ï fkdmuK - ù yÕsys ;S È.=fk;a
178' wka ,jk; ,.;a - ,d ri r;a fk;a ol=;a

f;da fkd,nd ;ud - ysñ yoy ud fujoka
179' bl=;a l,a úid - fmr lSfh j;auka l,a

ms<s lSfh wkd l,a - úid l< h< lSfha
180' ;S ish,Õ j;< - fï fldu, neõ fkdieneõ

bÈ fya ienefjla ù kï - lsu rojd ;ud yso
181' mshn| fyd fu fkd fõ

flfia fu w;=re ±fka
fmfka u;= meye mn|
meye weisr weiays fkdfya
182' fofk;a r;a meye .;a

fkd fu ikayqka ,jka ;S
nu;a /,s neu o h<s
jk fodia ke;a ìh ;ud
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183' yd;aks jeo .;a .k

l,a ÿre ù ;ud l,a
,sh ;=reyq mq,ayq ish,a
ms<s fkduf<ï l=ï flfrï
184' fkd;eõ,shg jefÜ
fifrka fu ug ;d .uka
hd hq;= he ;d h;a fyd;a
iel fuys fkdfu lr;a m;a
185' hfkï ù m< ;d

uqúkzo ù fu joka
fkdhkq ù o fu ;d ±ka
;uyg lsuez;a u| fmï
186' h h;a fyd;a uynd - ;g ysh fõjd uÕ
fu ud tys oE fõjd - .shfkï ysñ ;kla hï
187' ; reiajk reiafkï - f;d hù h;a meieisfhï

m< ù fkdh ù ;ud - jokqÿ l=ula u flfrï
188' woiqfk w|k ,o - mshn| fhfyï ;úfhda

hue¢h fk;ays ;ud - kyud o fkd l=iqïir
189' oï ±yeñ lreKq - m, .ukg wkq±kqï
frdidziS ;e;a Wfjkqÿ - lr;zka úlma fï uÕ
190' w;;=rekeiqï kfu - z,jd hï jf;zid y;a
fmdfydi;a j;=ka olajd - lsh;a fï wgfia fõ
191' Èh m;f<a fjfiia - msyá s fif,i;a iúreÿ

whq;alre hq;;afula - ms<shq;a fkdhq;a fuhskka
192' isßu;a f,da fofk;a

jeks fï ysre i÷yq ÿ
n, y;a .sß fh;a ljr
j<lkafk kiak oyï
193' yß;a o,oryq - f,õys ;eõ,s ish,akg
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uy;=ka ,oz;anõ kï - mr ÿla ÿre lrkakg
194' ikyïks f,da keÕs - ish,a iqmqka ird i|

úu,;afuda wudod - iky;akq f,da jeiaika
195' ji kï jeo ri je
je<f|a Èh uq¿ Èfha
wu w;afuda ifodia je o
mrjev flfr;a kq uy;a
196' ó îfuka ñhqre - f.f,fkz<eUe o nur /jq

fkd lkal¨ ish,af,ka - úfhdjqka mj ;=nQ fia
197' ojdkq weÕ fï

;ud lu,a o, hyka
fhfoa fkd oyfkla rE
oyk fu msfhú jkafka
198' fm<djd ßis fia - i| ji;s÷ ud flfia

fm<d ñ,sk;aukalï - fkdhq;= iqj| úiq÷kg
199' l=uqÈ¿ mjd ;jd

;jd mshqñ¿ fkd flfia
isis .e;shka l=ßre j;a
ßú .e;sfhd fjoao fudf<dla
200' niska wd kï fyda - iu nõ yeÕsKs kï fyda
foj;=ka w;=re olaj;a - je;sfrl kï fy fufia
201' uqyqÿ fifu f;d Èßh - uy w;au .eUqre .=fKka

w;=re j;a krmjr - msú;=re ; fu ;=kq isßka
202' kqnqka ysuq .eUqreyq

h< f;do uy uqyqÿ ÿ
fy wok j;=re iqrla
ms<s f;d liqka meye isrere
203' o,ksÿ f;d uyi;a - f;o hq;= mj;= uq¿l,a

f;d mk kiafka fï - iria fy f;da uyl=¿Kq
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204' orkq ÿ jQ forK - .sß ihqre Èõks isfhda

nqcÕsiqre neúkqzß÷ - krks÷ ;g hg;a fõ
205' ;yjqre je isákd - rejkdrÿ Èßh ir

ñ,sfk uqyqÿ .=K uqyqÿ - iu nõ fkdt<efò ;d
206' fufia tlska folska

fif,iaks ÿ fyhskzflúka
jokska wd iqÿiq nõ
ms<s fï yefÕkq jeks nõ
207' ;S jqjka lu¨ ÿ - fu folayS w;=re lsh;a

lu,a fof,ys okkqfha - ;sh weis/h ;S jqjka
208' fkd m;a neu f,a yõ

u|rd ke;a ñhq,a fk;a
;=kqjÕ" ;S fu hq. kqjka
ishf,z.=fKka fjdrcfka
209' rejk¨fhka ish,a - ßú /iaks ÿ fkdkiakd

kqjke¢ß .kajkq jQ - fhdjqka ;u fhdafka ÿkq
210' ;S jqjka mshquqÿ - mqnqÿ iqj| ÿ l,an|

nquq nur hq. mshqï - jqjka ;sh ii, kqjka
211' i| wUr mialeka - isßyia o, m,|fka

iy;r ;reje, .=jka - mqnqÿ l=uqÿ is,s,a ú,a
212' yqÿ f;dr;=ßksz;sß - fhka ish oEks ÿ h<

jokska wd iu iuÕ - iunõks wkaks ÿ fõ
213' y< Èh m;< fya
wh, fya neyejqfuka fyd
h< wfyaks fyda jkqjd
únyjqk fh;a fy fufia
214' fkdî u;a ;sir - f.fK fkdyug úu,Ur

fkdfu meyehq ishqï f;da - ukyr ù Èh ish,a
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215' fkdfu we¢h o iqks,a - kqjk; fkdkeÕ=j o ;S

neuf,a iqk; ,jk; - ms<s fkd/¢h o r;a ù
216' ; fï jqjka ksi. - iqj| he mshú reisre

n| kslreK remq ÿ i| - úh;a fu m, únyjqka
217' j;la hï lshá je - tfu j;a jeks wka j;la

mji;a iflõ rEfkka - iudih fh;a fy fufia
218' fndñka ó ßis fia - nur iqmq,a mshqï yS

msh .| fkdm;a l,ayÿs - n, t<efò kj uqyq¨
219' j,|uk we;shd - ir;r l=ußh flf¾
yefÕa n| woyia kq.s - ñka mqj<zÕk w;=f¾
220' kqnqka fjfiia fkla - nqka kqnqka fjfiia fkla

kqjQ úß fjfiiqzke;e - ms<s fï ;=kg ksoiqka
221' uqf,reK uyre rela - uq¿ l,a ish,a mqiakd

m, /iaks .k fia fï - ms<s ,Èuzo úÈ fnf,ka
222' m, u,aks iq,l< - j;< oo fm< ìÕ= uq¿

.k fia i;mak ish,a - ;yjqre ;=re zis/ fnfcï
223' kej;s nqcÕ ii. - ksi. ñhqre ri iuÕ

lf,laks i,úfhda yd - úh,sK fï uy uqyqÿ
224' hy ysñ ,n ú÷ï
fkdnqka fjfiiafkka nqka
fkdnqka meiq¿ yefÕ fyhska
lS urKznq fjfiiakS
225' lshk mjiska hï - fjfiilayq f,da jegqfuka
blauefj ,lr w;sih - lshqï kï fya fï .ska
226' wf,jqKq i÷kzf,õ

u,s.sh u,a nr jr,a
wìirefjd fi ÿyq,a yka
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isis riays fkdfmfkkqfjda

227' ielska ksrKska fï - ,lr fõ wka fihskqÿ
jok jrd iq/crd - ms<snka ,ene lsh;a hq;a
228' msfhdjqre nr ÿjka
nr uefoys ;S l,a n|
;=kq we;e fyda ke;e fyd ù
iel fkd je<efla fu ;ud
229' we;e ù h;a iqn|
;=kq ueo ;S reisre n|
bÈfkzke;e lsu o fufia
;kk ;k isgqug j;a
230' wfyda wilsh ;d - hi /ia uk;a hï fia
fufka fï ;=ka f,da l=ia - ñysm,a úi,aks ;ud
231' ifiaks j;a fyda
meje;=ï wkayq wka fia
úlm;a fyd;zka fihskqÿ
wh,is; h;a fy fufia
232' ueÿï m;a ßú ;eõ - ,S m;a u;e;a ú,a jka
ßú .e;sfhkqzmqrkakg - ßiskehs lu,a yÕsfkï
233' u fï Èla je,l+
lk;yq wnrK úKehs
ijks÷j/zia le,afuka
;sh welafu;shs ielsfhï
234' ielsfhï msßlaiï - yÕsï is;ï úiskï ú

fï wE iÈkzh,is;a - ú,s;a fõ tõ iÈkqÿ
235' ,smd tõ wÕ ;u - kqfnkz|k /ia jis tõ

ù ny,z|r m<g - l< fï jokskazh,is;a
236' flfkla fu Wjï ù - muÈ;a tõ iÈka ke;a

lsßh fmfoka Wjï úhQ - jokszlau lS úh;=ka
237' fyjok nrK ms<s - fya lre okajkq o fõ

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meje;=ï keje;=ï wE - fka ksh/;a fu fï .ska
238' kj f,dÿ, i|fkys - ,o f,< o¨ m¨ myia

Wmojd fidïkia yõ - okkg fu olK mjka
239' i÷ka jkkz<,d

u,.,a .Õ=f,ys myia
,ene wo ,e.=Kq fu iq<Õ
úfhda okkg keiaug
240' iy u,a m¨ lu,a

ú,a jk mq,a iqmqka i|
jkka kqjka ji ish,a
flf< lï rl=ia fkdiria
241' ukg fhd. flfrñhs - ú l,ays ;kays ;=nQ

l, jñhla n,d nqka - neu fk;a i, ,jka
242' ßú y;a m;a isisÿ - Èiafk isfhd;a ksfjia fh;a

úh;a fuhska ijia l,a - okaj;a fu fõ fmdai;a
243' fkdkE i÷kf,õks - isys,i ish,Õ yqKska

yefÕ i| /ia myiaksÿ - úfhdj. iuÕ ;S is;a
244' ksmokd l,a z,o
kjf,dÿ,Z hkafkka ÿgq
ziyu,a m¨Z zukg fhd.Z
hkq úlr meñfKk lï
345' fmr ke;s nõ fuod
m< ke;s nfjdzjqfkdjqkqÿ
flfr ke;s nõ ijdfrka
ms<s ke;s nõ ÿ fya fõ
246' fkdfiúfhkqÿ úÿka - ms<s fkdii.ska ickka
b÷rka fkdfu úiska yd - jika fofka ñksiakg
247' .sfh úfhdj.yq l,a
ms<s fuf< kjfhdk ú,ia
fudy jekeis ÈKq ;K
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wo flf<fuzks uuk f;fj

248' fjfk fï fkd f.a ms<s
fudyq .Õyq fkdjrÕfkda
uqj uq¿ fu fkdish ì,s÷
uk k|fka tks ;ud
249' wÍ okkg ke;a - meje;=ï fkdfu msßlaid
ta nõks Tõkg iõ - ishy isßir jvfka
250' Whka iyhqre mÕ=re
fkdñKsuq;= fkd fj u;aìÕ=
uÕS jk wUqjka leka
is,s,e¢,s fu flf< jy,a
251' fmr ke;s njE i;r - fí j;g fya nfjl=ÿ
njg fya nfjla h< - wnjg fyhsÿ fï .ska
252' ÿre m, tflla m, - wk;=re ksmok wfkla

m, iyo kï tla h< - ms<s hq;a kï fkdhq;a kï
253' ;efklays tla ysKs - hy oikka kqjka yS
ilsi¢fkzhska fu ;ud - uk fu myfrla ,laù
254' meiq¿ keÕs furc - úys± jeceô iqmqka i|
W;=f<a rd uy uqyqÿ - fmr fu ñhq,eiaika ish,a
255' my< fõ úh kj - fhdkka ;kk f;fkka hq;a
ishy ish,a ok fufka - iuÕ krÕ úhre yd
256' forKsiqrzk;a;, - ;Uß¿ uqy¨

q flf< hq.
irK ksh i|ria ;d - ñKsuq;= fld| l=uqÿ iqÿ
257' ñys m¨kz;a mshqï
b¿ ;d fï irK meye
;=reKq ßú ria uy ro
uqyq,zro flfr ljr fi@
258' yefÕkafkka bÕsfhka - ishqï .=fKka ishqï kï
,j kï f,iska yeÕejQ - injh fufol fï .ska
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259' lslf,lays fõ fydhs

lsh; lÿq hy myia
fkdfmdfydi;a o;a wÕkla
ijks÷jr l< uqy¿q
260' ijiaks jkqfhka
uqyq¿ l< ijks÷jr
mshqñ¿ uqyq¨ ta fldu,
t i| uk úin| l<
261' jqyqgq kqjka wE - ;d w;=frz;=< rd is¨gq
,sh .S .f|õks ìÔ - ljr uqj mq,a ;Uf¾
262' ,sh .Sfkzl,a u|la - ta l,a l,yg ;ud
biakd nia l, ryia - lshQ msfhdoïks kqjka
263' yÕ=;a fyd;a fo f,fyks
w;a iuia fu ishqï kï
fu folays fu úh;a w;a
lrkq úhquq¨ fkd;ud
264' wef;drkz;=f¾ l<
is;= hq;= f,duq fofyka ud
oks;s fyda wka yd ù
isys,a k, fha fu Whka
265' ,o hy oiqkqz;=<
i;=gq l÷<ez;s fu úfhda
wfyda l=iqï frfoka fk;a
le,eôKs mjkskqzÿyQ
266' ryfizla f,filaks - jekqï flfkla ,j úh;a

ms<sfj<sks fu ú,s;a jQ - .ry úh;zkayq fufia
267' ils fu ;udyg - lsfula fozl=re/iayq úiska

kshqKqjg wßhq fï - hqyq msfhdfjlezoao hfula
268' fl<s o< ;e;a jrd - rK fjiays n| o hfula

;shg yels lsh in| fy - oyr ksß÷ iqß÷ n|
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269' fm/ lSjka muK

ms<sfj<sks h< lSjka
fhÿfudjqfkdjqka yd j;a
fj fya ms<sfj< fï .ska
270' isks÷ iskd jqjka - kqjka meye ú,a fl<sfha

ir;ia f;kS l,an| - l=uqÿ lu,s÷jr ;S
271' msh kï l,a joka - rij;a kï frfika hq;a

ysú kï ÿkq wyslr - ,lr isß ;=ka fu kshr
272' hfula wo f.dú÷ - if;dia f.a wd l,ays
;u yg Wmka fya fjkq - ms<s ;d fu wd .ukska
273' isis ysre ure forK - w. f;d .=jka yqkka hq;a

;fu ú,ilaue f;fk;a - lr ;eiaiuq ljr fuda
274' ksÈgq fmr ñhqre - mK ri fuys úiU frdia

úre l=¿Kq wisß jyia - ìhod keyereug fõ
275' ñh; weh iuÕ - ñheo hyoiqksziakd

;uyg t;rfu isfhda - isß ir fõ ljr fia
276' /f.k flfym; wE - huezÈ o ud fmrg ,d

múgq t ÿiaika ÿg - fudfydf;lays lsï fokqfha
277' fkd ±k iy ihqre - forK fkdle/ uyyqkka

fkdmj;ajd uy;a oka - ñysm,a jï uï flfia
278' ta fldu,Õg u,a - hykqÿ fyd; ro fofk;a

fyda ±ka fydú ljr fia - ishd fof,ys úfhda ù
279' m< rÕ mg lsi,a - reisrnrK l=iqï /ia

.k id jr ksfjia fï - úis;=re t k|k ;=reka
280' kqnqka uke;sh fï - msfhdjqre nr fjdrckd

kj ,o meá lr;a m;a - ksh ro W;=re i¿fhka
281' fu iqr rc úÿrú

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or wf;di< yq;eia hq;a

iure;a È;Õfkd hula
±ye ikak fy;a o f;f,
282' ìî ;d i;=rka - yqßre fodfyd;ska Wlyd
kis;a msiiayq lj| - iqjyia yd ;=K znrK
283' fkd fõjd ìh ;d

fufkys ms<sjla ó ù
je<efy;a kfudjqkz;=f¾
ms<s fkdmj;s ;ud l.
284' leue;s w; fkd lshd - ms<s ta fu isÿ jkakg

ms<smokd joka hï - msßhd lshqï fy fufia
285' lvd u,a fldjq,a - kj f,dÿ, wU háfha

j<lï ufu Whkays - fofok fhfyka ojia ,j
286' iuys; kï hu;a - ksmofï n| ;e;a yg

mqk ta fu idykqjg - úÈka ms<s,n fy fufia
287' iy jkaksziska weh

lrk irK; uqÿfka
;u yg zjyr je fhfyka
.k .ecquqzmka t flfKa
288' iem;g is;g fyda - wkq;=re hï uy;a nõ

lsh;a úh;a uy;afuda - Wod;a; fh;a fy fufia
289' rejka ì;a mjqgq - ms<sìUq iyiaks isfhda

ykqu;a ;e;ska o;a ,la - mqfrys oi.sõyq fifí
290' fkdj;a ú¨ ta rï - .=reyq jokszlafukakg

hfula o jQfha iyia - oi.sõyq ysia is÷ug
291' ms<sfiõ fj j<ld - tllayq wkayq oiqka

fy fufia fkd mia ys l=iqï - ir tjqyq iqjyia ù
292' i÷ka isi ria ure - ol=Kq ù ug yq;eia ria

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isys,ia ¨q wka yg h;a - úid ms<sfiõ kï fõ

293' wud furc iqmqka - isis h;a ke;a ;ud fya
jiod riez;a fu úh;a - iqrE ms<sfiõ kï fõ
294' fkdfhla wre;ska hq;a - tla rejoka fif,ia kï

fya fõ kqnqka mo nqka mo - w;auehS fokshr
295' Èh uqÿkg tla - ,lr flire isß isfhda
,o m< f;Èks mqnqÿ - ms<s ±ka fu rc lu¨ÿ
296' isg oi ro oñka - ta rckd fjdrckd

wkqn| oka isßka n| - ish imq f,d¨ka woyia
297' Wjï je;sfrl rE
wflõ fu wE l< úid
fmr ±lajQ fif,iskzka
±fhlez;a t;r j;afkï
298' fkdnqka lï ikshï - wúreÿlï fuhska wka
úreo;au fkdúreÿ rE - kshï wflõ isfhda kï
299' isks÷ msfhd ñhqre - m<g l< rd jñhka
kqjk;ayq isls l;ayq ÿ - msfhdo;a fu wÈ;s mshka
300' ihqreys fuhe úmla - i, iejqys fu .=K is÷ï
.ckz;=f¾ fu uo úlr - krks÷ rl=;a ; forK
301' ú,s;a l< rd o, - zj, wÕ u.S ;ejqfula
mqjia keiS iyia ria - uqjr fofo fu jcUfka
302' ñhqre ukl,a rd - jvk fldu, flú,a,ka
wefi;a f;mq,ayq ish,a - meyefi;a ks¨mq,eisfhda
303' fkdfjka je ish,a - Èh rlays f;d wkka jeo
fkdkdys biqre jqj o - ms<s ; nqcÕ iiÕ ke;a
304' Wod t<eô m;< - f;ÿÿ, oÈ÷ f,dam,a
úu,;au W;=ï wk;a - isß ,l< f;d l,dj;a
305' rl=;a ;d fu forK - n<k;ays jla ieõys fu o
fufyhq isls l;=k;=f¾ - jñhka neu hq. o jla
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306' oE lsßh .=K j;a

fya hï jeh,a oiakla
fjfiia ksme;a ù kï
fjfiiehs úh;a fy fufia
307' fkd fõ fojÕkl=ÿ
fkd o .oU l=f,ys ksmka
b;sÿ ful;a fmdfydi;a
;j ì¢k jia nUyqÿ
308' fkdnqka neu vyfgdzg
fkd h< fkd r;a fk;a ù
krks÷ ú; ish,af,ka
úmla l=, ìï yems,s
309' wú úfhdj.yq fkd o
;shqKq ms<s fkd o lel=¿
b;sÿ fyd;a ±fkdzyq úiska
ish,a Èh fu okk ,o
310' fkd wiayqÿ fkd o ßh

fkd .c rcyq fkd finf<da
jyiaks fu fofk;a fu kq
ñhq,eiayq fu Èh ish,a
311' ßh tla ila jiï

wiayq fkd ieß .uka ir
m< f;o ys/lafu ish,a
Èh h;a fy fjfiia kï
312' lshá jQ .=Kfhka - uy w;auka iqÿiq fldge

hfulayq olaj;a fyd;a - iufhda,lr fï .ska
313' hu l=fjr jreKs÷ - ysñyq ÿ uy;a je Èfha

fkd wka in| f,da m,a - úhk joka isß fofr;a
314' ;=kqjÕkzÕ ii.

f.fk n| úÿ,sh ú,ia
flfKle fo fkd isáfk úh;a
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.ry iufhda kue fh;a

315' ;efklays tla hï - úreÿ mo w;a iiÕla
oiqka j;a úreÿ j;a - úreÿ ku fh;a fy fufia
316' jã jecUe fufoka - ukl,a j rc yia y`v

msßfy /õÿ isls le,ka - ish,a fidïkia jk jQ
317' ,U ÿjka hq;a ;=kq

;=kq ueo rf;dg ks,a fk;a
.eUqre ken Wvqjg f;fk
;=kq ld fkdkeiaug j;a@
518' msh .| u| isys,a
fkf,kd kd l=iqï frdka
kqjk; fkd <Õ fjïksÿ
flfkl=ka l÷¿ .kajd
519' fkdm;a jekqï kï - mr weisre fof< fkd n,

uk we;shka mjiakd - jokska ì÷ï fy fufia
320' fkd furuka weisrE
uqfjda fjfkys fhfyka fo;a
ks;e;sks ,o iof,ka
isys,a fof,ka ishka yd
321' Wmoakd is;afkks
i;ayq fi;a m;ayq Èfha
is;sú,s i,ays frfoka
ysfodjqka fkd fu ;kkafka
322' lshkakkays whqKq - yqÿ .=Kh fu nK;a fyd;a
fodila jeks .=K iq,n - l< jo jekqï b;s fõ
323' ÈkS o rï hula - ;jqia j rc j o ;d

ÿkq ±fka forK fu - ms<s ; uo fkdlr;a m;a
324' l,;=re ; fu fmdf<da - ishy nqcÕ iiÕ ,o
±ka wyslr ljr fia - my< ú fyd; uq¿ Èfha
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online books
325' fmr olajd j;la - tj;a iqÿiq m,la bÈ

olaj;a thska wka fyda - ksoiqka fõ fya fï .ska
326' kefÕ;a fu ysre isß - m;=rejd ;Ur fjfka

fmdfydi;a fy yÕjkakg - m< jQ iq<dkq.=rd
327' wiqr nf<d iy frdia - kis;a kiq;a fu reÿrd

Èfhys biqre úreÿkg - jkia jkq okajkqfjda
328' iy nõ lshukska
iyd lshuka kï fõ
fmr¿fuka fmr¿ï kï
.=K lï fu fol fï .ska
329' È.= ù uehs fu ? - iuÕ ;ud ksiia yd

jikd m,|kd m`vq - meye .;a iuÕskÕ yd
330' ish,a hi .;ayS - fifrka remq forKsiqrka

/ia l< i| /ia úu,a - ; w;aks l. myr §
331' leue;sh j;ays jQ - me;sú,s fj wdiS kï

fy fufia z;d rlSjd - f;fk;a úish;a fkdúidZ
332' ,lrla tla <l< - WjuE fkdfhla ,lßks

iqÿiq rejka oï uqiq - úh;a úis;=re fy fufia
333' kefÕ;a mshqï ßú - isßu;a j;a if|õ ;d

m< f;ÿkqzod meñfK;a - in|yq Èfha me,fU;a
334' lsúka joka mn| - úid l< hï ,lrla

t yeÕ=ï kï fj thg - ksoiqka yeu mn| fõ
335' fkdf;dr jqjo yeÕ=ï - ,lr ish,a ,lfrys

W;= kshr úh;eZÿfrda - yÕj;a kïks fjka le/
336' j;a lshukqÿ yõ - isßir ,lr fokshr

yõ isßißkqÿ mjd - fif,ia ,lr W;=u fh;a
337' fkd;kays jekqfuzj;a
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online books
fkd fjfiia lshuka lúka

fkdin| mn| ÿ ijka
msh joka fkdlr;a m;a
338' ú;r w;aks ,l< - ,lßks miq;=rd ;sia

ms<s uq¿ lõ iqr kqjr - uÕ fu ueÿï i. .sfha
;=ka jk i¾.h
339' le/ ÿre kqÿre yeu

moka wE ue± wjike
iu jKsks ms<sj;a j;a
hud ku fh;a fy fufia
340' irK ;d i;air - irK ;Uqre fu isßu;a

irK le/ i;aj. - irK ù iõ i;g f;fu
341' ish,a wirK Èh - ;d fu irK mshqï isß

ijdfrka irK le/ - ù irK uq¿ Èhg yd
342' ÿ.S ìh TirK - uq¿ i;aj. wms<sirK

ìÔ ;sf,d ms<sirK - msú;=re ; fu hq. irK
343' ji; ji; l¨ka - Whk;ys ; <o jr,a

f.fk n| úÿ,sh me/È - m,nr isks÷ uou;a
344' i,d i÷ka i<, - ,nïks ;d remq mshka

urKg ù myia fï - iq<Õ <Õ .Õ=, u,
345' kqÿre hud fufia - ish,ays ueo jikays ÿ

h< ish,E ueoysÿ - n| io ,lr ;=ï fõ
346' jkzka jkka ;jka - f;fjka msh,a ;jkafka

úreæ u,djk kj - ,l< jk uk l< jka
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online books
347' úid l< wE ueo - jika ish,a ÿre hud

kqÿre hud uqiafika - fï .ska wkafikqÿ fõ
348' mj;afk fufia ne÷ï

j;a fyd;a ne÷ïks hud
lsú uÕ jqfjd;a fm/ lS
kshñks hq;a n÷;a fyd;a
349' mshqï ishqre fmfoka

tla mo muKzv muK
fkdfnfÊ hu wv fnfÊ
tneõks lõ fof,ia fõ
350' ;efkle hu ne|e tla

tfllzka ;kays fkd fu ne|
fkd tla ;eke mshïks ÿ
n÷;= hud ish muK
351' kg;a kg;ays rka - .sß uqÿfk isÿ jñhka

uyrc jeo ; remq fndf<d - kqjka m, ,oy ;ud
352' ñys ñysr is;a kr - mjr mjr isßzis,S
f,õ ;d ish¨ ishqre - o,ksÿ fujq,a Wiq,;
353' úhka úhka le/ ù - ;d m< f;o mj;aj;a

iyia iyia mK orK - keiau k;zlaikqÿ le/
354' l,;=re l,;=reys - kiq;a kiq;a meieis ;u
ls÷rka rka.sß rfÕys - wreKeziqre ;d remq rc
355' mjqgq tod ú,a - ie,e,s ks,a j,d .ma
mnj;a mnj;a j;a - i| j;a i| j;a fid|
356' ;=fklaks folaks fufia

hq;a tlaks yqÿ fmfokqÿ
j;a fyd;a isõ mia jkska
uyd hud muK fõ
357' ishqre mo mshqï - le/ tys hï fomola
lr;a hud tla jKska - fya jg uy hud fõ
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online books
358' ñKs , l< i,a fodr - ñKs , l< i,a fodr ù

remq rcqke; mq/ ;=rÕ - iqjyia .|e;a niakd
359' fkd tla jka jKia ù - ; úuka úis;a;ïys
fkd tla jka jkia ù - ;fu ish,a ñys u`vq¨
360' .ejeisK ish,af,ka - m< k, jrK isfhka
m< k, jrK isfhka - ; fu kqjr o remqka mqr
361' tod ú,a mjqgq - if,<S ks,a j,d .ma
i|j;a mnj;a j;a - i| j;a mnj;a jQ
362' mshqï ishqre fmfoka - ueoEjikays o fufia

n| iquq.= fkd nf|ysÿ - mo w;ays fkdn÷;a m;a
363' mshqïys kka moka
mozjikzlr iuj;a
kka jeo yqka fkdfjkia
uy hu he fh;a fy fufia
364' fkd ;ud ;ud uk - fkd ;ud ;ud uk jQ
fkd ;ud ;ud uk ù - fkd ;ud ;ud uk fia
365' fu l,a jkkg l,a
fu l,a jkkg l,a ù
fu l,a jkkg l,a fia
fu l,a jkkg l,a fõ
366' jfKlaks hï mo
wjika le/ t fu jKska
<Õ fmfoysÿ l< mgka
i|g hu fh;a fy fufia
367' Èáï ;d jkjqka - kjqka iqrka Èh.=jka
.=jka úu,a uyre jka - rejka úuka oyï .;a
368' yUd tla fojKska - wv n÷;=ÿ lõys h<

jfKlaksÿ tla flj, - m<g w;a l< fy fufia
369' ;kkd ;kka ;=kq - ;=kq ks;af;ka f;kd ;S
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reisre isß iqre ird - isis ria fia ird isß
370' fkdkq kEhd fkdkE - jkqfha jejqjd jqkq

kka fkdkE kE fõ - úh jQjd jefõjd
371' kj jq kka fjfkka

fkd fjka je fka kS jka
jk kska jeõ jdfkka
ksúks fjfkka jefjkqjd
372' kd kS kq fka kS - kS kd kq kd kS fkd
fkda kqkd fka kd - kS kS kqkka kkakS
373' fmr fofmfoka fmreï - mo tlaks tl olajd
l<zka kshßka wvhu - hud kshr mehsï fufia
374' ms<sf,dï y;a nÿre
ñysÕ= nykqÿ f.dauq;a
ke; o nef|k mshqïfkka
mshqï ila ,la mEfhï
375' kg ìh uÕ uÕk - mr jeve ;uka jev l<
;uka ksjqKq is;a hq;a - lsúkg fune÷ï fhfoa
376' fmkqKq neúka fufia - lú .=K iuÕ fï uÕ
ish,a jiï ne÷ïys ÿ - lsúka msh,a jkq fhfoa
377' fkd in| is÷ï yqka - úreo;a tl;a nqkai|

fkd iqio fkd ms<sfj< yd - iels foiE úreÿ ÿ
378' lsúka fï kj fodia

lsú lue mshkakg hq;a
fkdin| fuys Wu;= u;a
n,akg uq;zkqzkg fodia
379' fuuqyqÿ fnd fu ;jqia
uu oeka fofrka ÈrefKï
fï fï .ecqï jeceô
foú÷g ù trjK l,a
380' fmr miqys fkdiqÿiq - úreo;a zf;d i;=rka yre
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iõ i;akg l=¿Kq;u - ;g remq ljrZ hk fia

381' io;aks fm/ hq tla
h< lshf;a tl;a kï
fy fufia zfu .k úÿu;a
Wlg,s l, l=is flf¾
382' lshqïys ÿ ms<s fodia - ke;e l=¿KE w;sifhka
zu,ú l,a n| jkid - msh f;mq,a l,a jkidZ
383' ksrKg hQ joka
l=yq,g jefg;a iels kï
zkshj;a fofk fifrka m;a
.=Kyqkakkg ji foaZ
384' fm/ hq j; h< lshq
fkd fhfo; fkdms<sfj< kï
zuejqï meje;=ï yel=¿ï
yr nU f.dú÷yq flfr;aZ
385' fkd uÕd ,la ,l=Kq - mshiq joka fkd iqio
zo,ks÷ fujq,a fu forK - krks÷ yg nqfcys rlsZ
386' ishnie lshq mshqï
,l=Kq lS mo fkd ì÷;=
yqka mo is÷ï fodia fõ
nqka i| wvq jeä fjfKka
387' foia l,a l,djg f,da fya úÿ uy .;g
jk jro lsú muÈka ms<s ksjro o lshfkï
388' fu ol=Kq ure iqj|
lmqre ;=reka myia ,o
l,sÕ= fjfk .c /ia msß
w.s,ska ieÈ fid<S .Õ
389' msfma mshqñ¿ ? - l=uqÈ¿ oyj,a msfma

ji;a mq,a Èh ñfo,a - isß lv isisr l,a l,a
390' úre úiU fofrfia - isákd flda úiau nõ
fjfKys oj.ï kj;d - iri .uqzkq úis uqiqka
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391' i,d .c flire - i,d ;=rÕ ;shqKq yÕ

.=re ir .|U w;a ;=r - fu lsysß ;=re ir úfhda
392' uqksúre iõ ilr
fkd kiS ù ind ù
tfi fu fkd fyda ishqre fk;a
mj;S wo o f<ys ud
393' fkd l< ilr lï - oo ms;a fjo yodrd
mshú jr msßiqÿ ms<s - ñKshg ilr lï l=ï
394' t rcyq mska f;Èka - isßir ù Tyq Whka
úis;=re j;=re m¨ m;a - wisß iqr;=re isfhka
395' fldf<dU jk frdka bys - lmjk i;am;a l=iqï
yÕjk jkia ksß÷ka - yeisßKs lel=¿ fu mjk
396' oj; fio fyda ú,s - keÕs ìhm;a jñhka
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397' úhjq,a l,a úfhda - uk ji i|g jeä l,a

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398' wmuK muK je o - fmfkñkqÿ fkdfmfkkq jQ

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399' mia m`ä iq;ka tla - l,;=re jQ fodfrdn kï

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400' fmfkk;a w;a fnf,ka

tk wre;=ÿ io;= fol
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yefÕkq fmfkk; kï fõ
401' fjk fjk ÿgq iÈka

n|fkõ mykska fmfkk
±fkk wkqfufkkzre;g
w;a fnf,fkkre;a úh;a
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402' z;=uq,a isre/;s fï

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i| ñÿ¨ ÿ uy;afuda
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406' lsú .=K ueK uf|dia - ksfodia ue;s isß ksfjia
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407' isßu;a fika úh;a - ñKs riaks lsre¿ fu .;a
meyehq jia fiai;a lsia - ksß÷ lf<a i,fujka
408' úis;=re oi mKska

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iriúh yi iõ iqÿ - lsú is;a mq,a ufodjq ú,a
69
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iodjd7 uqj ;Ur fjfkka wo5 isõ uqjd4

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fomsßila uq,a fldg f.k fï .%ka:h ,shd ;sfí'

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6' fmr uyre uyrc

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fmr uyre uyrc1

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leg f;f,ys isgqfk3 fmfk5
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7' .jÕk fõ miia - k od nia le/ ilia
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iqkaor isrer tla ,mhlska wiqkaor jkakd fia lúh o
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9' .=K fodia flfia .;a

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11' Tjqka úiska fmksKs - lõ isrere;a ,lre;a

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1' YÍrh 2' w,xldr
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12' ta yqÿ fmfoka fõ

ish,a joka mn¢kqÿ
ta folaks hq;a msfhdúkqÿ
ms<s tys ;=ka fï ksh/
ta yqÿ fmfoka1 fõ2$6
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pïmq fkdjk ldjHhkays o .oH" moH ñY% j fh§ we;s
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wjia:d ±l .; yels fõ' fuh mq¿,a j wOhhkh l<

hq;a;ls'
flfia fj;;a ishnia,lr rpkd jk úg isxy,fhka

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14' fldiq" uq;a" iÕd; ÿ

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l;=jrhd fuu lreKq iúia;r j fkdolajkafka tajd

oKaãka o úia;r fkdl< neúks' ;jo fujeks jQ moH
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m%ldrh i¾. nkaO ldjHfhys fyj;a i. ne÷ï we;s

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16' mshqï .S fo i;rzg

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i;r mo" wg mo" ^2&fodf<dia mo" fidf<dia ^fyj;a
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^6&kej; Wmye,s" neye,s kï jQ o ^7&^úß;a ,laIK&
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isõmohla fh§fuka ,shye,s úß; ilia

fõ' ^mdo 13&
10' neye,s - fodf<dia mo lvjla fyj;a is;s,s .S 4la

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17' wUye,s kï ±fhla - ms<s msysfhdUq kï we;a

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^mdo 8ls'&
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s a hkafkl=ÿ we;a
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foõmdKS kuqÿ we;a - mo ne÷fuys kshr fï
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foõmdKS kï o we;a3 - mo ne÷fuys kshr fï4
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j i|yka flf¾' ta w;r .S" isõmo" fomd" ieye,s wdÈ
úß;a fõ'
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19' .eUqre lú ihqre - jeofï n| is;e;akg

ta kej fõ msh jyka - úis;a ,lr ñKs rejka
.eUqre lú ihqre jeofï n| is;e;akg1

ta2 kej fõ4 msh jyka3 úis;a ,lr ñKs rejka5
^1&.eUqre jQ lú kï ihqrg msúiSfuys ne÷Kq is;a we;s

;eke;a;dg ^2&ta ^fmr lshQ Pkaoia Ydia;%h& ^3&m%sh
jdykh jQ ^4&kej fõ' ^5&úis;=re w,xldr ^ta ihqf¾&
udKslH r;ak h'
20' fmfoka nqÿ isß;e - niska j;a isß;a wE

mohq;= niska k¿ wE - wk;=re ,l=Kq olajï
fmfoka2 nqÿ isß;a wE1 - niska4 j;a isß;a wE3

mohq;= niska6 k¿ wE5 - wk;=re ,l=Kq olajï7
^1&nqoaO pß; wdÈh ^2&moHfhka o ^3&j;a meje;=ï ^fyj;a

j%; pdß;%& wdÈh ^4&^.oH& niska o ^5&kdgl wdÈh ^6&meÈ
iys; niska ^fyj;a .oH" moH ñY% j& o ^úh hq;= h'&
^7&fuhska blaì;s ûyd ldjH& ,laIK olajñ'
uyd ldjH ,laIK
21' i. isfhda uy lõ - lsfuzys ,l=Kq úh;a j;a

j;a ksfoi" wdiS fyda - kulr fyda fmrg fõ
i. isfhda uy lõ1
lsu3 tys ,l=Kq2 úh;a j;a4
j;a ksfoi" wdiS fyda5
kulr fyda fmrg fõ6
^1&i¾. ne÷ï tla j we;af;a uyd ldjH hs' ^2&tys

,laIK ^3&flfia ^4&m%lg flf¾ o h;a ^5&jia;=
ks¾foaYh" wdYs¾jdoh fyda ^6&kuialdrh fyda fmrg
fhfoa'
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22' fy fufia ù hk - mqjf;zhskzka mqj;a fyda

isõ j. m, in| je - W,dr kd isfhda fõ
fya fufia ù hk mqj;a1 thska wka mqj;a3 fyda2$4

isõ j. m, in| je W,dr kd isfhda fõ5
^1&ta fufia ùh hk ^fyj;a b;sydi& mqj;la ^2&fyda

^3&thska fjkia mqj;la ^4&fyda ^úIhh fõ'& ^5&p;=¾
j¾. M,hka yd iïnkaO j Wodr kdhlhl= f.a tlaùu
o fõ'
p;=¾j¾. M, - w¾:" O¾u" ldu" fudalaI
23' kqjr ihqre .sß hq

isis ysre Wod jekafuka
Whka o, lsvqks uy;a
wjka ukfod< fl<sfhka
kqjr ihqre .sß hq1

isis ysre Wod jekafuka2
Whka o, lsvqks4 uy;a3
wjka ukfod< fl<sfhka5
^1&k.r" id.r" m¾j;" R;=" ^2&pkaø yd iQ¾h Wodj

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l%Svdfjka o ^5&wdmK l%Svd ^fyj;a uOqmdk&" r;s l%Svd
^fyj;a ldu l%Svd& hk fïjdfhka o û;= inef|a&
24' fm<eUqï újd .ekqï - l=urekqzme;a jevqfuka

u;=reÿ ¥ .uka hqo - W<dr kd Wfoks ÿ
fm<eUqï újd .ekqï l=ureka Wme;a jevqfuka1

u;=re o ¥ .uka" hqo W<dr kd Wfoks o2
^1&úry ^fyj;a úm%,ïN&" újdy .ekSï" l=ureka f.a
Wm;" jeãu ^hk wx.j,ska o&" ^2&uka;%K o ¥; .uka"
hqoaOh" Wodr kdhlhd f.a wNsjDoaêh hk fïjdfhka o
û;= inef|a&
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25' ,l=¿ lõ ri neú - k;=re kquq;a fkd ú;r

i.ska hq;a ijka .;a - iqi| ms<s fkdo u| jQ
,l=¿1 lõ7 ri neúka w;=re kquq;a fkd ú;r2

i.ska hq;a6 ijka .;a5 iqi|4 ms<s fkdo u| jQ3
^1&w,xldrj;a jQ" ^2&ri Ndjhkaf.ka f;dr fkdjQ"
^wkjYH f,i& §¾> fkdjQ" ^3&kej;" ixlaIsma; o
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26' f,da uk r|fk - lsúlre ok m,|fka
;yjqre je isgqfk fofk - úis;=re ,lr ,.fka
f,da uk r|fk lsúlre ok m,|fka1
;yjqre je isgqfk fofk5 úis;=re3 ,lr2 ,.fka4
^1&f,dalhd f.a is; i;=gq lrjkafka h" lúlre ckhdg
^fyj;a lùkag& m,|kdjla jkqfha h" ^2&w,xldrj,ska
^3&úis;=re j ^4&is;a .kafka h" ^5&iaÓr j mj;skafka h"
ch .kafka h'
27' Wkqÿ fyd;a wfÕlsks - fuys lj iõ isß fnfÊ
lshQ ;kays ri fjfiia - ikyd kï t okakka
Wkq7 o9 fyd;a8 wfÕlsks6

fuys5 lj iõ isß fnfÊ10
lshQ ;kays2 ri fjfiia1
ikyd kï4 ta okakka3
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^rih& okakjqka ^fyj;a ri ú£fï yelshdj we;s wh&
^4&ikijkafka kï ^5&fuys ^fmr lshQ& ^6&hï wx.hlska
^7&wvq ^8&jqj ^9&o ^10&ldjHh il, Y%Sh Nckh lrhs'
^th ldjHfha iqkaor;ajhg ydkshla fkd fõ'&
28' lú neúkka l<zÕ - ksfodia mske;shdKg
leue;sh w;a isÿys - Wj kï fkdu fj o ljr
lú neúka wka1 l<3 wÕ2 ksfodia mske;shdKg4
leue;sh w;a isÿys5 Wj kï fkdu fj o7 ljr6
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^1&lú;ajh fya;=fjka wka ^2&wx. ^fmr lshQ

,laIKj,ska fjkia jQ wx.& ^3&tla l< o ^4&fodila
ke;' mskaj;a ;eke;a;dg ^5&leue;s w¾:h isÿùfuys ,d
^6&ljr kï lreKla ^7&Wmdh kï fkdjkafka o@
29' .=K fyhsks olajd - fmr kdjd Tyq úiska

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.=K fyhsks olajd2 fmr kdjd1 Tyq úiska3

remq u`vq¨ ue`vqu lsh;a4 msfhù fid÷re uÕ6 fï5
^1&m<uqj kdhlhd ^2&.=K hqla; j ksrEmKh fldg

^3&Tyq úiska ^4&i;=re u`vq,a, ^fyj;a msßi& u`äkq ,eîu
lsh;a fyd;a ^5&fï ^6&m%lD;sfhka u fid÷re jQ uÕ hs'
30' jia" jer" iqre .;e - jkd i;=re rckqÿ
Èksfuka Tjqka biqr o - lsh;a kq uk .kS ;ud@
jia" jer" iqre .;a wE2
jkd3 i;=re rcqka o1
Èksfuka5 Tjqka4 biqr o6
lsh;a7 kq10 uk .kS9 ;ud8
^1&i;=re rcqka f.a o ^2&jxYh" ù¾hh" Y+r;ajh" .%ka:
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fldg ^4&Tjqka ^5&ch .ekSfuka ^6&^kdhlhd f.a&
biqreu;a nj o ^7&lsh;a fyd;a ^8&;ud ^9&is;a .kafka
fkdfõ o@
m%dK fyj;a .=K
31' ug is¨gq he myka - iu nõ ñhqre iql=ur

Wre;a m<" W,dr" To - okl,a" iudÈ" fufia
ug is¨gq he" myka" iu nõ" ñhqre iql=ur1

Wre;a m<" W,dr" To" okl,a" iudÈ fufia2
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^1&Yaf,aI h" m%ido h" iu;d h" udOq¾h h" fi!l=ud¾h

h" ^2&w¾:jHla;s h" Wodr h" ćia h" ckldka; ^fyj;a
ldka;s& h" iudê h fufia û;= inef|a'&
32' oi muKs lsúlue - mK ,lr fõ mka;sia

fuhska rejka Èõys - okkg hq;a lsh;a m;a
oi muKs2 lsúlue mK1 ,lr3 fõ5 mka;sia4

fuhska rejka Èõys okkg6 hq;a7 lsh;a9 m;a8
^1&lúlfuys m%dK ^2&oihla muK fõ' ^3&w,xldr

^4&;sia myla ^5&fõ' ^6&fïjdfhka r;ak§mfha ^fyj;a Y%S
,xldfõ& ckhdg ^7$8&hqla; m%dma; jQjla ^fyj;a
.e<fmkakla& ^9&lshkq ,efí'
w,xldr hkq ldjH fYdaNdj we;s lrjk O¾u;d h'

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ldjHdx.hls' .=K lúfha wd;auhg fyj;a
we;=<dka;hg iïnkaO fõ' ukqIHhka i;= f;acia" ùr"
mrdl%u wdÈ .=Kdx. fuks' ldjH YÍrfha jeo.;a
wx.hla jk w,xldr ia;%Ska úiska m,¢kq ,nk ud,"
j<¨" lrdnq wdÈh yd iudk fufyhla bgq lrkakls'
tneúka w,xldr hkq wksjd¾h wx.hla fkd fõ' lúhd
f.a leue;a; mßÈ tajd fh§ug fyda fkdfh§ug
ms<sjk' tfy;a .=K hkq wksjd¾h wx.hls' .=Kj,
úm¾hh fyj;a m%;súreoaO md¾Yajh fodaI kï fõ'
oKaãka fuka u ishnia,lrlrejd o .=K ye¢kaùug
m%dK hk jpkh Ndú; lrhs' oKaãka we;=¿
idïm%odhsl ixialD; wd,xldßlhka .=K oyhla we;s
nj lSjo fuys § zzoi muKsZZ hkqfjka lshd we;af;a
isxy, NdIdfõ .=K oyh u fkdfhfok neõ l;=jrhd
woyia l< ksid úh yels h'
m%ido
33' myka kï m<j;a - iq±ksh nia he" fy fufia

isisyq iif,a mq,a ks,a - uyfk,a le¨ï <.fka
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myka kï m< w;a iq±ksh nia he" fya fï fia1

isisyq iif,a mq,a ks,a uyfk,a le¨ï <.fka2
^1&myka ^fyj;a m%ido& kï m%lg jQ w¾: we;s" ukdj

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^2&zi÷ f.a id ,l=K ^fyj;a ii f,aLdj& msmqKq ks,a
uyfk,ays le¨ï iudk j is;a weo .kS'Z
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kq iqÿ mq¨mq, iqrla
m< wla fia /ia Èfia
m<g o2 fï w;a fï fia1

fkdbiafkda3 bia;s5 fï fia4
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m< wla fia /ia Èfia8
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o" fojkqj f.!ãh Í;shg idfmalaI j o m%ido .=Kh
ú.%y fldg ;sfí' ishnia,lrlrejd fuys § Í;s
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ixl,amh mfil ,d zta leu;s jkafkdaZ" zleu;s

fkdjkafkdaZ hk l%ufhka woyi muKla isxy,hg
kÕd we;' ixialD;fha tk Í;s fNao isxy,fha §
tf,ig u idOdrK fkdjk nj l;=jrhd wjfndaO
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ishnia,lrlrejd bÈßfha § ú.%y lrk .=Kj, § o

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ñhqre kï13 ta12 frfika10

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36' b;d kqÿre iu

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,l=¿ ri fufu;s fh;a
joka ri okafkd fufia
b;d kqÿre iu1

jK tlaks folaks o2 fyd;a4
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,l=¿3 ri fufu;s fh;a6

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fï ro2 forK biqre ,o o4 hï l,a3 úma l,a1

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m`vqjka leu;s jk nj fmr lSfha kqÿre wl=re ksid

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39' ;yjqre yeu ,lr - wref;ys ri uudjd
b;s ÿ w.ï isfhda nõ - jyd t yeu fndfyda fia
;yjqre yeu ,lr wref;ys ri uudjd1

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je.sf¾'
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ri yqka njg fu jefÜ
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iSudjka fya;=fjka fyda tjeks lreKq m%lg neúka fyda
Bg kso¾Yk ±laùu whq;= heZhs lshd we;'
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43' tjka fmr msfhdjla - ÿg o fkdye/fn;a j;a

Èj jofkõ h;a h;a - fmrf<a o@ fkd ish joka
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tajd ta ld,fha .%duH fyda wiNH jYfhka i,ld
fkd;sîu hs' tfia jqj;a fmr lùka fhdod .;a;d heZhs
lshd wo tajd fhdod fkd.; hq;= h' wo jk úg tajd
wmjyr jYfhka ms<sf.k we;s neúks' ixialD;h
iïNdjH NdIdjls' th Ôj NdIdjla jk isxy,h fuka
blaukska fjkia fkd fõ' tfy;a Ôj NdIdjl
,laIKh fjkia ùu hs' wdrïNl wjêfha isxy,fha
wmjyr hkqfjka lsisjla fkd;sfnkakg we;' wmjyr
jYfhka wo ie,flk ,sx.sl wjhj" ,sx.sl yd
nysi%dùh l%shd mejfik jpk merKsu isxy,fha
idudkH jHjydr jkakg we;' tfy;a ixialD; jpk
meñKSu;a iuÕ tajdg m¾hdh w¾: we;s ixialD; jpk
iq,dmfhda jQy' isxy, jpk l=Kqyrem fyj;a wmjyr
njg m;a úh' tkuqÿ w;S;fha Ndú; jQjd heZhs lshd wo
tajd YsIag f,dalh ;=< Ndú; l< fkdyels h' wmjyr
jYfhka ms<sf.k we;s neúks' l;=jrhd by; .Sfhka
lshd we;af;a tu lreK hs'
w¾:jHla;s
44' wre;a m< kï fkdfk
njzre;a fya fu.ska fjka
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l=r iqka kd yqßre r;a

o,ksÿks Wmqf< fmdf<da
wre;a m< kï4 fkdfk2

nj3 wre;a1 fya fu.ska fjka5
l=r iqka kd yqßre r;a6
o,ksÿks7 Wmqf<9 fmdf<da8
^1&wref;ys ^2&msg;ska fkd t<jd lshk ^wfkah fyj;a

fkd wvq& ^3&nj ^4&wre;a m< ^fyj;a w¾: jHla;s& kï
fõ' ^5&ta fï wdldrfhks" úIaKq ^6&l=rfhka iqka lrk
,o khska f.a reysfrka r;= jQ ^7&ihqfrka ^8&fmdf<dj
^9&biau;= úh'
fuys w¾:h jHla; h' tfia jkafka th wvqjlska

f;drj jgyd .; yels jk ksid h' tjeks wvqjla ù
kï msgia;r w¾: wOHydr lr .ksñka ielhg m;a
ùug isÿ fõ' n%dyauK wd.fï i|yka jk mßÈ f,dj u
Èfhka msÍ ;snqKq iufha W!re fjia .;a úIaKq iuqÿfrys
úiQ kd.hka ;u l=rj,ska lvd ±ófuka wk;=re j
Tjqka f.a reysfrka r;= jka jQ uqyqfoka fmdf<dj
biau;= j ;sfí' tu mqj; fuys úh;a f,i m%ldY ù
;sfí' tfy;a my; .Sfhka mejfik w¾:h wiïmQ¾K
h" tys ysÕ;djla fmfka' tfyhska tys w¾: jHla;shla
ke;'
45' ó Wmqf< t uy - yqre r;a ihqrefkka ù
fuf;la u;a ÿg fyd;a - Wß÷ yqßrg fka nõ
ó Wmqf<2 ta uy yqre r;a ihqrefkka1 ù3
fï f;la u;a ÿg fyd;a Wß÷ yqßrg fka nõ4
^1&zta uy W!rd r;= uqyqfoka ^2&fmdf<dj biau;= lf<a

hZ ^3&lshd ^4&fï muKlska woyi o¾Ykh l<fyd;a kd
reysrg wvqj ^fyj;a fkah;ajh& fõ'
fuys w¾:h wúh;a h' zta uy W!rdZ heZhs lshQ úg tla

jr u úIaKq isysm;a fkd fõ' zr;= uqyqfoka fmdf<dj
biau;= lf<a hZ lSfuka o kd.hka f.a reysfrka
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fmdf<dj cks; ùu ms<sn| woyi iïmQ¾K jkafka

ke;' tfyhska fuys w¾:fha fkah;ajhla fyj;a wvqjla
we;' w¾: jHla;sh olakg fkd ,efí'
46' ne÷ïys fï kshr - nqyquka ke;a uy okd

fkd yÕjk ;u wre;a - jokshr we;a o@ ljr
ne÷ïys2 fï kshr1 nqyquka ke;a4 uy okd3

fkd yÕjk6 ;u wre;a5 jokshr we;a o8 ljr7
^1&fï wdldr ^fyj;a fuu ms<sfjf<a& ^2&ne÷ï ^fyj;a

lú& flfrys ^3&uy ckhd f.a ^4&nyqudk ^fyj;a
f.!rj& ke;' ^5&;u wre;a ^6&fkdyÕjk ^7&ljr kï
^8&jd.a Í;shla we;a o@
Wodr
47' jecô .=K fka /ia

yefÕa o hï ±hla j;a
W<dr kfuhsks ish,a
lsú uÕ fjdrcfk fufia
jecô2 .=K4 fka3 /ia5

yefÕa o6 hï ±hla j;a1
W<dr kï thsks ish,a7
lsú uÕ fjdrcfka fï fia8
^1&hï fohla mjik úg u ^2&tys meje;s ^3&fkdfhla

^4&.=K ^5&/i ^6&yefÕa o@ ^7&ta Wodr kï fõ' thska
ish¨ ^8&lúuÕ nn<hs' ^fyj;a fjd/f|hs'& ta fï
f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
48' hÈ ljKeia flfKle

ysKs kï fu ;dj;ays
tjKska wksziqre uqyqKq
ms<s fkdn,d uy l=¿Kq
hÈ ljK weia flfKle2
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ysKs kï4 fï ;d j;ays3

q q5
ta jKska wka biqre uqyK
ms<s fkdn,d uy l=¿Kq1
5
^1&uyd ldreKslh" ^2&hÈhd f.a ^fyj;a hdplhd f.a&

È,s÷ weia ^fyj;a È,s÷ ne,au& fudfyd;la ^fyj;a
laIKhla& ^3&fï Tn f.a uqfjys ^j;ays fyj;a
jla;%fhys& ^4&jeáKs kï ^5&ta whqßka wka okj;=ka f.a
uqyqKq ^6&h<s fkd n,hs'
lsis hï kdhlhl= f.a wêl ;Hd.YS,S Ndjh lshQ ieá

hs' Tyq f.a fk; .egqKq lsisÿ hÈfhl=g kej; ÿ.S
ne,afuka ;j;a Okj;l= foi ne,Sug isÿ fkdjkafka
fuu kdhlhd tu hÈhd f.a ÿ.S nj ke;s jk ;rug
jia;=j ,nd fok neúks'
49' fuod .=Kh fuka - kka .=K /iays fjfiia

yefÕ;a fyd;a yÕ=ka hq;a - W<dr isß isfhda nõ
fï od .=Kh fuka1
kka .=K /iays fjfiia2
yefÕ;a fyd;a3 yÕ=;a hq;a5
W<dr isß isfhda nõ4
^1&fï odk .=Kh fuka ^2&fkdfhla .=K /fiys

úfYaIh ^3&yefÕa kï ^4&W,dr ^fyj;a Wodr& isßfhka
hq;= jk nj ^5&i,l;a fyd;a iqÿiq h'
50' uyÕ= fjfiiqka hq;a - w;a flfkl=z<dr úh;a

fufia fya ñKs ysKoï - rejka j,d" Èuq;a yr
uyÕ= fjfiiqka hq;a w;a flfkla W<dr úh;a1

fï fia3 fya2 ñKs ysKoï" rejka j,d" Èuq;a yr4
^1&uy;a w.kd úfYaIK iys; w¾:h" flfkla Wodr

^.=Kh& heZhs mji;s' ^2&th ^3&fï f,isks" ^4&zñKs
fujq,aou ^fyj;a uKsfïL,dj&" ñKs j<,a, ^fyj;a
r;ak j,h&" Èÿ,k ^fyj;a nn<k& ud,hZ
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ćia
51' iuiaks ,l< jo

mnf|ys To mK kï
miis;a flfkla t kshr
mo ne÷fuysÿ fy fufia
iuiaks ,l< jo1

mnf|ys To mK kï2
miis;a6 flfkla3 ta kshr5
mo ne÷fuys o4 fya fï fia7
^1&iudifhka w,xldr jqjfyd;a ^th& .eÈ ^fyj;a .oH&

^2&mne÷fuys ^fyj;a m%nkaOfhys& To mK ^fyj;a ćia
m%dKh& kï fõ' ^3&we;eï flfkla ^4&meÈ mne÷fuys
^fyj;a moH m%nkaOfhys& o ^5&tu wdldrh ^6&m%Yxid
lr;s' ^7&ta ^ćia .=Kh& fï f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
52' iqmqka ird isis - ria l<fUzõ fifur rc

oyiez¢,s uqÿfk jeceô - m,Uf;ys ; nc;a l.
iqmqka ird isis5

ria l<U tõ fifur rc6
oyia8 we¢,s7 uqÿfk jeceô9
m,U wf;ys2 ;d1 nc;a4 l.3
^1&;d f.a ^2&t,afnkakd jQ wf;ys ^3&lvqj ^4&nn<k l,

^5&iqmqka ird i÷ f.a ^6&/ia ñá ^fyj;a rYañ l,dm&
fuka pdur iys; rcqka f.a ^7&we¢,s ^fyj;a fodfyd;a
uqÿka& ^8&oyila ^9&^ysia& uqÿfkys nen¿Ks'
fuys ziqmqkairdisisrial<fUõZ wdÈ jYfhka iudi

nyq, jYfhka fhdod f.k ;sîu moH.; ćia .=Khg
fya;= ù we;'
m<U; - m<U w;" m%,ïn yia;h" t,af,k

fyj;a ,U fok w;" Toj;a j täu;a j
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fufyhg fhduq jQ ol=Kq w; fuhska

.efkk nj úoaj;ayq mji;s'
ldka;s
53' okl,a kñzlaue fkd

mej;=ï f,dù jegqfuka
fy je;a;E jofkys fõ
ms<s jekafuysÿ fy fufia
okl,a kï5 blaue3 fkd2

mej;=ï4 f,dù jegqfuka1
fya je;a;E jofkys6 fõ8
ms<s jekafuys o7 fya fï fia9
^1&f,dj meje;afuka ^2&fkd ^3&blau ^4&meje;au

^5&okl,a ^ckldka; fyj;a ldka;s& ^.=Kh& kï fõ'
^6&th jd¾;d l:kfhys ô& ^7&kej; j¾Kkdfjys o
^8&fõ' ^9&ta fï f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
54' f. kï fy ue ;jir - hula ; nf|da ;uka

msú;=re jQ irK hq. - rc /iaks r|jhs kï
f.a kï7 fya ue6 ;jir1 hula4 ;d nf|da ;uka2

msú;=re jQ irK hq. rc /iaks3 r|jhs kï5
^1&;jqidfKks" ^2&Tn jekafkda ;ud f.a ^3&msú;=re jQ

mdo foflys ÿyqú,s /iska ^fyj;a rdYsfhka& ^4&hula
^fyj;a hï n÷ f.hla& ^5&nn<j;a kï ^6&th u ^fyj;a
ta f.h u& ^7&f.h kï fjhs'
Nla;s jka;hl= f.a m%ldYhla jk fuu .Sh jd¾;d

iajrEm ldka;s .=Kfhka hq;= jQjls'
55' jecfUk fu msfhdjqre - nrg w;a ,sh w;=re

muK fkdue fõ jevug - l,yi ,i .uka ;S
jecfUk fï msfhdjqre3 nrg2 w;a ,sh w;=re5
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muK fkdue fõ6 jevug4 l,yi ,i .uka ;S1

^1&l,yiqka f.a w,i .uka we;s ;sf.a ^2&nrg
^3&jecfUkakd jQ fï msfhdjqrej, ^4&jeãug ^5&w;a kï
je,a ^fyj;a ,;d& w;r ^6&^bv& muK fkd fõ'
fï j¾Kkd iajrEm ldka;s .=Kh i|yd olajd we;s

kso¾Ykh hs'
l,yi - l,H jQ yxihka" ld, yxihka" rdc
yxihka
56' bis;a fufi kqjk;

ofkda f,õys jegqï
flfkla ;=is;a ¨ fufia
lsh;a úh;=ka fu flf¾
bis;a5 fï fia4 wkqjk;2

ofkda3 f,õys jegqï1
flfkla7 ;=is;a ¨10 fï fia8
lsh;a9 úh;=ka ue flf¾6
^1&f,dfjys meje;au ^fyj;a jHjydrh& ^2&wkqj mj;akd

^fyj;a wkqj¾;kh lrk& ^3&ckfhda ^4&fï lshQ f,iska
^fyj;a fm/ lS wdldrfhka& ^5&leue;s fj;s' ^6&úh;=ka
w;frys jQ ^7&lsis hï flfkla ^8&fï f,iska ^fyj;a
u;= olajk ms<sfj<ska& ^9&lshf;d;a ^10&;=gq fj;a ¨'
54" 55 .S ffjo¾NSh Í;shg idfmalaI kso¾Yk h' u;=

olajk 57" 58 .S f.!ãh Í;shg idfmalaI kso¾Yk h' 59
jk .Sh ldka;s .=Kh ms<sn| l;=jrhd f.a ksÍlaIK
±laùug fhdod f.k ;sfí'
57' iqr f. kshñka wo - ysñka whoug j;a

ksfjia ;ud irK ;d - irK rc foda mõ /ia
iqr f.a kshñka5 wo ysñka4 whoug j;a6

ksfjia3 ;ud2 irK ;d irK rc foda mõ /ia1
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^1&irK ^fyj;a msysg& i,iajkakd jQ Tn f.a md

ÿyqú,sfhka ^fyj;a mdo rciska& fojqKq mõ /ia ^fyj;a
mdm iuQy& we;s ^2&ud f.a ^3&ksfji ^4&wo mgka
^5&fofjd,la mßoafoka ^6&whe§ug iqÿiq h'
54 jk .Sh jeks wjHdc m%ldYhla fkdjk fuh yqÿ

lhsjdrejla nj meyeÈ,s h'
58' kyud fkd le/ u| - ueù nU kqn ish,a

fu n÷ j ;S jk nõ - msfhdjqre m;r me;=reï
kyud8 fkd7 le/13 u|12

ueù14 nU9 kqn11 ish,a10
fï n÷ j5 ;S1 jk nõ6
msfhdjqre3 m;r2 me;=reï4
^1&Tn f.a ^2&me;sreKq ^fyj;a uy;a& ^3&msfhdjqrej,

^4&me;sÍu ^5&fï f,iska ^6&jk nj ^7&fkd ^8&úuid
^9&uynUq ^10&ish¨ ^11&wyi ^12&l=vd ^13&lr ^14&ueù h'
fuh o jHdfcdala;shls' 55 jk .Shg wkqj m%ia;=; ia;%sh

f.a msfhdjqre jeãug mmqj bv uÈ nj mejfi;;a fuys
lshefjkqfha msfhdjqre jeãug wyi bv uÈ njls'
f.!ãh ud¾.hg wkqj fujeks Wla;Ska ldka;s .=Khg
ndOdjla fkdfj;;a ffjo¾NSh ud¾.hg fïjd mgyeks
fõ'
59' fkd fõ mK okl,a - kï w;sih ,lr ù

lsh;a hq;a if,¨ l,a - fuhg fmr lS uÕ ir
fkd fõ3 mK2 okl,a kï1 w;sih ,lr ù4

lsh;a hq;a if,¨ l,a fuhg fmr lS uÕ ir5
^1&^fï& okl,a ^fyj;a ldka;s& kï ^2&mK ^fyj;a

.=Kh& ^3&fkd fõ' ^4&w;sih ,lr ^fyj;a
w;sYfhdala;H,xldrh& heZhs ^5&lsh hq;= h' if,¿kag
m%sh jQ ^fyj;a i,a,d,hkag l,H jQ& fuhg ^fyj;a fï
ms<sfj<g& jvd fm/ lS uÕ ^fyj;a ud¾.h& ire h'
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iudê
60' wka oyula wfkla

;efklays f,da jegq fuka
fudkjg msysgqj;a fyd;a
iudÈh fh;a fy fufia
wka oyula wfkla2

;efklays3 f,da jegq fuka1
fudkjg msysgqj;a fyd;a4
iudÈh fh;a fya fï fia5
^1&f,dfjys mej;=u mßÈ ^2&fjk;a oyula wfkla

^3&;efkl ^4&ukdj msysgqj;a fyd;a ^5&iudÈ ^fyj;a
iudê .=Kh& heZhs lsh;a' ta fï f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
f,dal iSudjg ^fyj;a f,da oyug& úreoaO fkdjk f,i

tla jia;=jla i;= O¾u;djla ;j;a jia;=jla flfrys
msysgqùu iudê .=Kh kï fõ' fuh èjks jd§ka
fmkajd ÿka w;Hka; ;srialD; jdpH èjks kï èjks
fNaohg;a" ldjH úpdrlhka rEmld¾: kñka olajk
NdId ,laIKhg;a iudk;d olajkakls' w;Hka;
;srialD; jdpH èjksfhys § isÿ jkqfha w¾:h uqjy
lsÍfuka mdGlhdg Bg imqrd u fjkia jQ w¾:hla
yeÕùug bv ie,eiaùu hs' ziqiqï je§fuka w| jQ
levm;Z hkak Bg kso¾Ykhls' w| jkqfha weia jqj;a
fuys § tu w¾:h uqjy fldg th levm; fj;
wdfrdamKh fldg ;sfí' rEmld¾: hkafkka woyia
jkqfha o fjka fjka jQ mßirhkays Ndú; jk jpk
ldjHd;aul f,i tla ;eklg f.k tau hs' zu,a
iskdiqKsZ" z.Õ ks¢ .;af;a hZ wdÈh kso¾Yk fõ' tys §
iskdiSu" ks¢ .ekSu jeks ñksiqka i;= .;s,laIK
fidnd oyfï wx. jk u,a" .x.d wdÈh fj;g o
wdfrdamKh fldg ;sfnkq ±l .; yels h' iudê .=Kh
o tlS ldjH O¾u;d yd iudk jk wdldrh
ishnia,lrlrejd Bg olajk kso¾Ykhkaf.ka meyeÈ,s
fõ'
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61' l=uqÿ ks|d mshqï - fjfk mqnqÿ fj úhqfuka

fu fk;a lsßh ±Ífuka - lshk joka iq,n fõ
l=uqÿ ks|d mshqï fjfk mqnqÿ fõ úhQ fuka1

fï fk;a lsßh ±Ífuka lshk joka iq,n fõ2
^1&l=uqÿ ks|hs" mshqï jkh mqnqÿ fjhs' ^m%nqoaO fjhs

fyj;a weyefrhs'& lSjdla fuka ^2&fï ^ks|d .ekSu
weyeÍu wdÈ jYfhka& fk;ays meje;au ±Ífuka ^fyj;a
wdfrdamKfhka& lshkakd jQ joka iq,n fõ'
fuys § fk;ays ,laIK jQ ks|d .ekSu" weyeÍu wdÈh

u,a fj; wdfrdamKh lsÍu fya;=fjka u,a o wkqrEm
jHjydrh ,nhs' tneúka u,ays O¾u;d jk mrùu yd
msmSu yeÕùug fuu jHjydr fhdod f.k we;s nj
wjfndaO fldg .ekSu iyDohdg ÿIalr fkd fõ' iudê
.=Kh fya;=fjka uqLHd¾:h W;al¾Ij;a Ndjhg m;a
jkafka fï wdldrfhks'
62' iu nõ ug is¨gq - iql=ur fu;=ka úh;=ka

Èj jokska ue fhfoa - mji;a fyd;a m<g fldge
iu nõ ug is¨gq1
iql=ur fï ;=ka2 úh;=ka5
Èj jokska ue3 fhfoa7
mji;a fyd;a6 m<g fldge4
^1&iu;d" Yaf,aI" ^2&fi!l=ud¾h hk fï ;=ka .=K

^3&il= ^fyj;a ixialD;& niska u ^4&m%lg fldg
^5&úh;=ka ^6&mji;a fyd;a ^7&uekeú'
ixialD; NdIdjg wkqj ldjH .=K oyhla y÷kajd §

;snqK o ishnia,lrlrejd isxy, NdIdjg wod< fldg
f.k we;af;a bka i;la muKs' tajd mQ¾jfha ú.%y
flßK' isxy, NdIdfõ ,laIK ms<sn| fufkys fldg
Tyq .=K ;=kla neyer lrhs' tajd fufia h"
1' iu;d" 2' Yaf,aI" 3' fi!l=ud¾h
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iu;d .=Kh kï wlaIr fh§fï iudk ms<sfj< hs'

nkaOkh uDÿ" iaMqg" uOHu hk wlaIr j¾. w;=ßka
ljr j¾.hlska fyda wrUd tu j¾.fha wlaIr u
wjidkh olajd u fh§u Bg fya;= fõ' tfy;a isxy,h
uDÿ j¾K nyq, NdIdjla jk fyhska iu;dj tys iyc
,laIKhla úkd úfYaI .=Khla fkd fõ hehs i,ld
ishnia,lrlrejd ta neyer lrkakg we;' Yaf,aI
.=Kh hkq w,amm%dKdlaIr wêl fldg fh§u hs' merKs
moH isxy,fha uym%dKdlaIr Ndú;h fnfyúka u w,am
jQ ksid th o neyer lrkakg we;' fi!l=ud¾h .=Kh
kï fldau,dlaIr nyq, j fh§fuka we;s jk YsÓ,;ajh
fyj;a iqfLdaÉpdrKh hs' by; lreKq oelaùug wkqj
tu .=Kh neyer lsÍfï fya;=j o meyeÈ,s fõ'
ldjHdo¾Yfha we;s .=K oyh isxy,fha § i;lg iSud
lsÍu l;=jrhd f.a iajdëk;ajh m%lg flfrk
wjia:djls' tfy;a miq lf,l isxy,fha isÿ jQ
mßKduhka ie,lSfï § ishnia,lrlrejd neyer l<
.=K tla lr .; hq;= jk njla o yefÕa'
63' il=re lsß ó W.= - fjka fjka ri fjfiia fõ

lshf;a wilsh .ska - ÿlsh ms<s lsúhr uÕ
il=re lsß ó W.=1 fjka fjka3 ri fjfiia2 fõ4

lsh;a6 ta5 wilsh .ska7 ÿlsh9 ms<s lsúhr uÕ8
^1&yl=re" lsß" ó meKs" Wla ^hk fïjdfha& ^2&ri

úfYaIh ^3&úúO ^4&fõ' ^5&ta ^úfYaIh fyj;a fjki&
^6&lsh;a fyd;a ^7&fkdyels jkakdla fuka ^8&kej;
lùka f.a lshqï ms<sfj< ^fyj;a ud¾.h& ^9&lSu o wiSre
h'
.=K <Õg ú.%y l< hq;= jkafka ud¾. fyj;a Í;s kï

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f.!ãh Í;shg jvd Wiia heZhs mejiSu uq<djls'
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64' ksi. isÿ ms<snka

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65' ke; o fya l< ;e;a - .;ska wheÈh joka

isß wkq.=rla ue flf¾ - ksl=;a ljr okla yg
101
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67' f;mq, ue w;sih fi - ,l=Kq mK ;=nq fia

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102
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103
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104
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hkqfjka lsjfyd;a wfkHdafkHdamud hs' Wmud-
Wmfïhhka idudkH mßÈ olajd kej;
úm¾hdfidamudfjys fuka udre lsÍfuka o mjiñka
Wmudk-Wmfïkhka f.a W;alDIag Ndjh yeÕùu fuys
§ isÿ fõ'
kshfudamud
86' ;S jqjka lu,la - yd fu iqÿiq fkdfjzka yd
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úh;zkqzjï je<elafuka - kshu Wjï úh;a fï
;S jqjka lu,la1
yd fu iqÿiq2 fkdfõ4 wka yd3
úh;a wka Wjï je<elafuka5
kshu Wjï úh;a7 fï6
^1&zz;sf.a uqj mshqula ^2&iuÕ ue .e<fma' ^fyj;a iu

fõ'& ^3&wkslla yd îu& ^4&fkd fõ'ZZ ^5&lsh;a fyd;a
wka Wjï je<elaùu fya;=fjka ^6&fï ^7&kshu Wjï
^fyj;a kshfudamud& hehs lsh;a'
fjk;a Wmud j<lajñka Wmfïh i|yd Wmudjla kshu

lrkqfha kshfudamud hs'
wkshfudamud
87' ;S jqjka mshqfula - jeks ms<s wfkzm,Õ j;a

t Wjï fõjd fï - úh;zkshï Wjï fh;a
;S jqjka mshqï tla jeks ms<s wka ta m,Õ j;a1

ta Wjï fõjd2 fï4 úh;a3 wkshï Wjï fh;a5
^1&z;sf.a uqj mshqula yd tl iu heZhs o kej;" wfklla

ta yd iu j;a fyd;a ^2&th o Wmud fõjdZhs o ^3&lsh;a
fyd;a ^4&fï ^5&wkshï Wjï ^fyj;a wkshfudamud& heZhs
lsh;a'
kshfudamudfjys fuka Wmud-Wmfïhhka kshu fldg

±laùu fjkqjg Wmfïh hï jia;=jlg Wmud lsÍfuka
blaì;s th ;j;a jia;=jlg o iudk ùug bv
ie,eiaùu fuys § isÿ fõ' uqyqK mshqug iu fldg
kej; wfklla yd iu j;a fyd;a th o Wmud fõjdZhs
lshQ l, i| jeks fjk;a jia;+ka o rislhdg isysm;a
úh yels h'
iuqÉpfhdamud
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88' meyefhka u;= jqjka - isß ;S i| fkd wkq fõ

iekeysfukqÿ wkq fõ - úh;a iuiqjï kï
meyefhka u;=4 jqjka2

isß3 ;S1 i|5 fkd7 wkq6 fõ8
iekeysfuka o wkq fõ9
úh;a iuiqjï kï10
^1&z;sf.a ^2$3&uqfjys isßhdj ^fyj;a isßhdjka; uqyqK&

^4&meyefhka muKla ^5&i| ^6&iu îudk fyj;a
wkqrEm& ^7&fkd ^8&fjhs' ^9&iekiùfï .=Kfhka o iu
fjhs'Z ^10&lsh;a fyd;a iuiqjï ^fyj;a iudfidamud&
kï fõ'
idOdrK O¾u iuqÉphla oelaùu fuu Wmud fNaofha

,laIKh hs' fuys m%ia;=; ;eke;a;sh f.a uqyqK i| yd
iudk jk O¾u;d folls' zmeyehZ yd ziekiùfï
.=KhZ hkqfjka tajd m%ldYs; h'
w;sYfhdamud
89' ;S flfr fõ jqjka - isß ;S kqfn iqmqka i|

Èáï fuf;la fu w;=re - úh;;sih Wjï fh;a
;S1 flfr fõ4 jqjka2

isß ;S3 kqfn6 iqmqka i|5
Èáï8 fï f;la ue w;=re7
úh;a w;sih Wjï fh;a9
^1&z;sf.a ^2&jqjka ^3&isßh ;S ^4&flfrys fõ' ^5&iqmqka i|

^6&wyfiys ^fõ'& ^7&fï muKla u fjki ^fyj;a
wka;rh& ^8&ÿáñ'Z ^9&lsh;a fyd;a w;sih Wjï ^fyj;a
w;sYfhdamud& hs lsh;a'
Wmudj yd Wmfïh iudk fldg tajd tlsfklg

fjkia jk tla lreKla úkd fjk;a fjkila ke;eZhs
oelaùu fuys ,laIKh hs' m%ia;=; ia;%sh f.a iqkaor;ajh
weh flfrys ^fmdf<dfõ& mej;Su;a" pkaøhd wyfia
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isàu;a yereKq l, tu jia;= fol w;r fjk;a

fjkila fkdue;s nj by; kso¾Ykhg wkqj mejfia'
W;afm%alaIsf;damud
90' ud fu flfr wE j;a - isß ù ±fm;a i|yg

fkdm;a fya mshqu o we;a - úh;zh,is;=jï fõ
ud2 fu4 flfr3 wE j;a isß1 ù ±fm;a i|yg5

fkdm;a fya mshqu o we;a úh;a wh,is;a Wjï fõ6
^1&zzwef.a uqfjys isßh ^2&ud ^3&flfrys ^4&u ^5&ù heZhs

WvÕ= ô¾ms; fyj;a wyxldr& j;a fyd;a ^th& i÷yg
^6&kqiqÿiq h' ta îsßh& mshqfuys o we;eZZhs lsh;a fyd;a
wh,is;a Wjï ^fyj;a W;afm%alaIsf;damud& kï fõ'
W;afm%alaId fyj;a wh,is;a kï w,xldrfha § isÿ

jkqfha idudkH f,dalfhys isÿ jk fohla lúhd f.a
úfYaI ±laula wkqj bÈßm;a lsÍu hs' th weiqre fldg
.;a Wmud fNaoh W;afm%alaIsf;damud kï fõ' by;
.Sfhys" i| wyfiys mej;Su m%ia;=; ia;%sh f.a uqyqfKys
iqkaor;ajh ;ud flfrys mej;Su ms<sn| WvÕ= ùula
jYfhka W;afm%alaId .kajñka th wef.a uqyqKg Wmud
fldg ;sfnkq ±l .; yels h'
woaN=f;damud
91' keÕs neu ii, fk;a - hï lu,la j;a fyd;a
fya j;a isß fof¾ ;S - úh;a wisß Wjï kï
keÕs neu ii, fk;a hï lu,la j;a fyd;a1
fya2 j;a isß fof¾4 ;S3 úh;a wisß Wjï kï5
^1&zzkeÕ=Kq weys neu yd iief,k fk;a ^we;s& hï
mshqula j;a fyd;a ^2&th ^3&Tfí ^4&uqfjys isßh orhs'ZZ
^5&lsh;a fyd;a wisß Wjï fyj;a ^wdYap¾fhdamud fyj;a
woaN=f;damud& kï fõ'
115
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Wmfïhh woaN=; jia;=jlg Wmud lsÍu fuu Wmud

fNaofha § isÿ fõ' fuys zzkeÕ=Kq neu yd iief,k
fk;a we;s mshqulaZZ hkak woaN=; lghq;= Wmudjls'
fudafydamud
92' iqmqka isis u`v,ehs
fï ;S jqjk; Wfmhsï
ms<smÈñ hs Tyq o j;a
úh;a t fudfyd Wjï fh;a
iqmqka isis u`v,ehs1
fï ;S jqjk; Wfmhsï2
ms<smÈñ hs4 Tyq o j;a3
úh;a ta fudfyd Wjï fh;a5
^1&zziqmqka i| u`v, heZhs is;d ^2&fï Tfí uqyqK
Wfmhsñ' ^W;afm%alaId lrñ fyj;a wka f,ilska
i,lñ'& ^3&ta i| o uqyK q ^fldg& ms<smÈñ' ^m%;m
s dokh
lrñ fyj;a is;ñ'&ZZ ^4&lsh;a fyd;a ta fudfyd Wjï
^fyj;a fudafydamud& heZhs lsh;a'
Wmud-Wmfïhhka ms<sn| uq<d jQ nj oelaùu fuu Wmud
fNaofha ,laIKh hs' i|u`v, heZhs uqyqKg o uqyqK
heZhs i| u`v,g o /jgqKq njla by; .Sfhka mejfihs'
ixYfhdamud
93' w;=re nquq nur
lu,la fyd ii, kqjka
jqjk; fyd ;S u fufka
f,f, h;a iel Wjï fh;a
w;=re nquq nur1
lu,la fyd ii, kqjka2
jqjk; fyd4 ;S3 u fufka5
f,f, h;a iel Wjï fh;a6
^1&we;=<; nureka nuk ^2&mshqula foda fyda hs iief,k

kqjka we;s ^3&Tfí ^4&uqyqK foda fyda hs ^5&ud is;
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^6&iief,hs ^fyj;a ;s.eiafihs& lsh;a fyd;a iel Wjï

^fyj;a ixYfhdamud& heZhs lsh;a'
fudafydamudfjys fuka Wmud-Wmfïhhka iïnkaO j

uq<d ùula olajkq fjkqjg tajdfha iudk;ajh ms<sn|
ielhla muKla m< lsÍu fuu Wmud fNaofha
,laIKh hs' by; .Sfhka mejfikqfha m%ia;=; uqyqK
±l nureka nuk mshqula ±Zhs ielhg m;a jQ njls'
ks¾Kfhdamud
94' i| ks.;a lu,yq - le,afuda i| fkd fj< m;a
jqjk; fu ;S fu thska - úh; ksrK Wjï kï
i| ks.;a lu,yq1
le,afuda i| fkd fj< m;a2
jqjk; ue6 ;S5 fï4 thska3
úh; ksrK Wjï kï7
^1&i| úiska ks.d lrk ,o mshqfuys ^2&le¨ïyq ^fyj;a

ldka;Syq& i| fkdú<s.kaj;a' ^úvïnkh fyj;a wj{dj
fkdlr;a'& ^3&tfyhska ^4&fï ^5&;sf.a ^6&jqjk u heZhs
^7&lsh;a fyd;a ksrK Wjï fyj;a ^ks¾Kfhdamud& kï
fõ'
i| úiska ks.d lrkq ,nk mshqu ta keÕ tk úg
uql=,s; fõ' tfia ue,jqKq mshqfuys ldka;sh y|
,eÊcdjg m;a lrùug iu;a fkd fõ' tfy;a Tfí uqj
i| keÕ tk úg ;j;a §ma;su;a jkjd úkd uql=,s;
jkafka ke;' tneúka bka i| o ,eÊcdjg m;a flf¾'
fï wdldrhg zzfï mshqu fkdj Tfí uqyqK heZZhs
ks¾Kh lr .ekSu ks¾Kfhdamudfjys ,laIKh hs'
fuh ixYfhdamudfjys úreoaO ,laIKh jYfhka
ie,lsh yels h'
tal Yaf,afIdamud
95' fu ;S jqjka iila - ms<sjla iqj| isßu;a
iqmq,a luf,õ < .kS - úhf;la fï fif,iqjï
117
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fï ;S jqjka3 ii wla1
ms<sjla iqj| isßu;a2
iqmq,a lu,a tõ < .kS4
úh;a5 tla7 fï6 fif,ia Wjï8
^1&zzii ,l=K we;a;dg fyj;a i|g ^2&i;=re ^fyj;a
m%;smlaI& jQ iqj|j;a jQ" isßfhka hq;= jQ ^3&fï Tn f.a
uqyqK ^4&msmqKq mshqula fuka is;a .kS'ZZ ^5&lsh;a fyd;a
^6&fï ^7&tla ^8&fif,ia Wjï ^fyj;a tal Yaf,afIdamud&
hs'
fomd¾Yajhg u idOdrK jQ úfYaIK mo fh§ ;sîu
fuu Wmud fNaofhys ,laIKh hs' fuys zi|g i;=re jQ"
iqj|j;a jQ" isßfhka hq;= jQZ hk úfYaIK m%ia;=;h jk
uqyqKg;a wm%ia;=;h jk mshqug;a idOdrK jQ w¾:
f.k fok fia fh§ ;sfí'
ika;dk Yaf,afIdamud
96' l< fydam¨ uqyq¨ - jr,ska hq;a remq kqjr

;d wef;drka yd úh;a - mn| fif,iqjï kï
l< fydam¨ uqyq¨ jr,ska hq;a remq kqjr1
;d wef;drka yd úh;a mn| fif,iqjï kï2
^1&l< ^fyj;a lr&" fydam¨ ^fyj;a wfYdal&" uqyq¨
^fyj;a jl=,&" jr,a ^fyj;a je/,a,& iys; i;=re kqjr
^2&Tfí wef;drka ^fyj;a wka;#mqr ia;%Ska& yd iu heZhs
lsh;a fyd;a mn| fif,iqjï ^m%nkaO Yaf,afIdamud
fyj;a ika;dk Yaf,afIdamud& kï fõ'
Wmud-Wmfïh fomd¾Yajhg u idOdrK jQ
iuia;d¾:hlska hqla; jk Wmud fNaoh fukñka
ye¢ka fõ' fmr lshQ Wmud fNaohg wkqj fomd¾Yajhg
u idOdrK jQ úfYaIK fhÈh hq;= jqj;a fuys olakg
,efnkafka idOdrK jQ iuia;d¾:hls' by; .Sfhys
zzl< fydam¨ uqyq¨ jr,ska hq;a remq kqjrZZ hkak i;=re
k.rh iïnkaOfhka zzlr" wfYdal" jl=," je/,a, hk
.iaj,ska hq;aZZ hk w¾:h f.ke foa' wka;#mqr
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online books
md¾Yajfha § zzlr" wfYdal" jl=, hk u,a iys; jr,ska

hq;=ZZ hk w¾:h f.ke foa'
kskafodamud
97' mshqï rc /ia uqiq

iila lsi w;a fu fnfÊ
fu fol fifuzÈ;sß ;sj;a
úh;a .ry Wjï fh;a
mshqï rc /ia uqiq1

iila lsi w;a ue fnfÊ2
fï fol fifu o3 b;sß5 ;sj;a4
úh;a .ry Wjï fh;a6
^1&zzmshqu frdka iqKq ^fyj;a ÿyq,s& /iska .ejeisK'

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^fyj;a laIh jk wd;auhla u& weiqre lrhs' ^3&fï fol
yd iudk jqj o ^4&;sf.a uqyqK ^5&^tajdg jvd& wêl
^.=K hq;=& h'ZZ ^6&lsh;a fyd;a .ry Wjï ^.¾fydamud
fyj;a kskafodamud& heZhs lsh;a'
Wmudj kskaodjg m;a lrk Wmud fNaoh .¾fydamud

kï fõ' fuys rcia iys; nj mjiñka mshqu o" f.fjk
iq¨ nj mjiñka i| o kskaodjg m;a fldg m%ia;=;
uqyqfKys Wiia nj yÕjd ;sfí'
m%Yxfidamud
98' isõj;=zm;a lu,
i| biqre isfrks ±rE
fu fol fifu ;S j;a yd
úh;a miia Wjï kï
isõj;a Wm;a lu,1
i|3 biqre isfrks ±rE2
fï fol4 fifu6 ;S j;a yd5
úh;a miia Wjï kï7
119
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^1&zzuynUqg Wm; jQ mshqu" ^2&biqre foúhd isriska ±rE

^3&i| hk ^4&fï fol ^5&;sf.a uqj yd ^6&iu hZZ ^7&lsh;a
fyd;a miia Wjï ^fyj;a m%Yxfidamud& kï fõ'
Wmudj m%Yxidjg m;a lrñka tys fY%aIaG;ajh olajd
Wmfïhh Bg iudk lsÍu fuys § isÿ fõ'
isõ j;a - uqj i;rla we;a;d" p;=¾uqLhd" uynUq
biqre - BYajrhd" ufyaYajrhd" fufyiqrd" uy

foúhd
wdÑLHdfidamud
99' i| fifu ;S j;a ù - lshkq mjis ud is;a

fy fõjd .=KzhqKq fyda - úh;a lshk mjiqjï
i| fifu2 ;S j;a1 ù3
lshkq mjis5 ud is;a4
fya6 fõjd11 .=K7 whqKq9 fyda8$10
úh;a lshk mjia Wjï12
^1&z;sf.a uqyqK ^2&i|g iudk ^3&ù heZhs ^4&ud is;

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^10&fyda ^11&fõjdZhs ^12&lsh;a fyd;a zlshk mjia WjïZ
^l:k m%jd[afPdamud fyj;a wdÑLHdfidamud& hs'
m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; jia;= iduH;ajhg m;a l< o tys
.=K-w.=K fkdokafka heZhs mejiSu fuu Wmud
fNaofha ,laIKh hs' by; .Sfhys i|yka jk f,i
m%ia;=; ;eke;a;sh f.a uqyqK i|g iudk heZhs lSfuka
ta ms<sn| m%idohla fyda wm%idohla fyda we;s úh yels h'
ta flfia fj;;a tf,i lSug leu;s njls mjid
we;af;a'
úreoafOdamud
100' mqnqÿ mshqï ird
isis ìUq fidñ jqjka ;S
fu ;=ka úrefodZjqfkdjqkg
120
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úh;a úreÿ Wjï fh;a

mqnqÿ mshqï ird1
isis ìUq2 fidñ jqjka4 ;S3
fï ;=ka5 úreÿ7 Tjqka Tjqkg6
úh;a úreÿ Wjï fh;a8
^1&zzmsmqKq mshqu h" ird ^2&i| u`v, h" ^3&;sf.a ^4&fidñ
jqjk ^fyj;a fi!uH uqyqK& h ^hk& ^5&fï ^jia;=& ;=k
^6&Tjqfkdjqkag ^7&úreoaO h'ZZ ^8&lsh;a fyd;a úreÿ Wjï
^fyj;a úreoafOdamud& hs lsh;a'
jia;+kays iudk;ajh tlsfklg úreoaO jQ lreKla uq,a
fldg .ksñka lshd mEu fuys § isÿ fõ' tllg tlla
fojeks fkdjk iqkaor;ajh fya;=fjka msmqKq mshqu"
irdi|" fidñ jqjk hk jia;+ka ;=k tlsfklg úreoaO
h' fufia tlsfklg úreoaO ùu hk ,laIKh uq,a
fldg .ksñka wêl iqkaor;ajh kï iudk;ajh yeÕjQ
neúka fï úreoafOdamud hs'
m%;sfIafOdamud
101' fmdfydi;a nfjla ke;a - ieyefi;a ;S jqjka yd
iy levqu m;a isisyg - úh;a ms<sfijqjï kï
fmdfydi;a nfjla ke;a4 ieyefi;a3 ;S jqjka yd2
iy levqu m;a isisyg1 úh;a ms<sfiú Wjï kï5
^1&zzid le,,g f.dÿre jQ i÷yg ^2&;sf.a uqyKq yd
^3&ieyeis ^fyj;a m%;sjd§& ùug ^4&fmdfydi;a njla
ke;eZZhs ^5&lsh;a fyd;a ms<sfiú Wjï ^fyj;a
m%;sfIafOdamud& kï fõ'
Wmudj m%;slafIam fldg oelaùu fuu Wmud fNaofha §
isÿ fõ'
fiajHjpfkdamud
102' ñhq,eiaks hq;a ;S - jqjk; i| uqj isfhda

b;sÿ fyd; fkdfjfiia - úh;a fiõjokqzjï
121
online books
ñhq,a weiaks hq;a2 ;S jqjk;1 i| uqj isfhda3

b;sÿ fyd; fkdfjfiia úh;a fiõ joka Wjï4
^1&zz;sf.a uqyqK ^2&uqj weiska ^fyj;a uD.dlaIsfhka& hq;=

h' ^3&i| uqjl=f.ka ^fyj;a uD.hl=f.ka& u hq;= h'
^4&tfia jqj;a fjfiila ^fyj;a wuq;a;la& ke;eZZhs
lsh;a fyd;a fiõ joka Wjï ^fiajHjpfkdamud fyj;a
pgQmud& hs'
ia;%S-mqreI m%shd,dmdÈhg wkqrEm j Wmud-Wmfïh w;r

fjkila ke;ehs oelaùu fuu Wmud fNaofha § isÿ fõ'
ñhq,eish i;= j we;af;a uD.hka f.a weia muKs' tfy;a
if|ys iïmQ¾K idfjla fyj;a uD.fhla isà' tu
fjki fkd;ld fuys § jia;k + a iudk fldg olajd
;sfí'
;;a;ajdLHdfkdamud
103' jqjka fu fkd mshqï

ms<s fkd nur hq. kqjka
úhf;zla jeks ú,iafkka
;;= lshquqzjï kï fõ
jqjka ue3 fkd2 mshqï1

ms<s4 fkd6 nur hq.5 kqjka7
úh;a tla jeks ú,iafkka8
;;= lshqï Wjï kï fõ9
^1&mshqula ^2&fkd fõ ^3&uqyqK u h' ^4&kej; ^5&nur

hqj<la ^6&fkd fõ ^7&fk;a h' ^8&lsh;a fyd;a tla jeks
ú,ia ^fyj;a jia;= foflys taldldr ú,dih& lshd mEu
fya;=fjka ^9&;;= lshqï Wjï ^fyj;a
;;a;ajdLHdfkdamud& kï fõ'
—fï fk¿ula fkdj Tn uqj h' fï ìÕ=ka fkdj tys

fk;a h'˜ wdÈ l%ufhka Wmudj weiqre fldg f.k
Wmfïhfhys ;;a;ajdldrh u lshd mEu fuu Wmud
fNaofha ,laIKh hs'
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widOdrfKdamud
104' i| luf,zla jeks - ú,iszlaue ;S fu jqjka

w;a fu fifu úh;a - fkd wka iqÿiq Wjï kï
i| lu,a2 tla jeks1

ú,ia blaue3 ;S5 fï4 jqjka6
w;a ue fifu úh;a7
fkd wka iqÿiq Wjï kï8
^1&zztl jeks jQ ^2&i|" mshqu ^hk foflys& ^3&ú,i

^ú,dih fyj;a fYdaNdj& blaujd f.dia ^4&fï ^5&Tfí
^6&uqyqK ^7&;udg u ^fyj;a thg u& iu heZZhs lsh;a
fyd;a ^8&fkd wka iqÿiq Wjï ^wkH wioDfYdamud
fyj;a widOdrfKdamud& kï fõ'
Wmudj yd iudk lsÍu Wmfïhg widOdrKhla nj

olajñka th Wmfïhhg u iudk lsÍu fuu Wmud
fNaofha ,laIKh hs'
wN+f;damud
105' ;efklays jQ yeu - mshqï meyeir /ia fuka

fjdrcfk ;S j;a h;a - fkdjQjï kï úh;a fï
;efklays3 jQ5 yeu1

mshqï meyeir2 /ia4 fuka6
fjdrcfk8 ;S j;a7 h;a9
fkdjQ Wjï kï úh;a11 fï10
^1&ish¨ ^2&mshqïj, meyeir ^fyj;a m%Nd idrh& ^3&tla

;efklg ^4&/ia ^5&jQjdla ^6&fuka ^7&;sf.a uqyqK
^8&fjd/f|a' ^nn<kafka h fyj;a fYdaNudk h'&ZZ
^9&lsh;a fyd;a ^10&fï ^11&fkdjQ Wjï ^fyj;a
wN+f;damud& kuehs lsh;a'
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online books
fkdúh yelalla weiqre fldg .;a Wmud fNaoh

wN+f;damud kï fõ' ish¨ fk¿ï u,aj, meyeir tla
;eklg /iaùu hkq wN+; isoaêhls' fuys m%ia;=;
;eke;a;sh f.a uqyqfKys fYdaNdj lshd mEug th
Wmudjla fldg f.k we;'
wiïNdúf;damud
106' ji fi i¢ka i÷ka - fof,ka yq;eia fuka ;S

fï j;aks lel=¿ joka - ù h;a ÿyÿjï kï
ji fia2 i¢ka1 i÷ka fof,ka yq;eia fuka ;S3

fï j;aks lel=¿ joka ù h;a ÿyÿ Wjï kï4
^1&i¢ka ^2&úi fia o" ^3&i÷ka Èfhka ^fyj;a c,fhka&

.sks fuka o ;sf.a ^4&fï uqyqKska lgql ^fyj;a l¾lY&
joka ùheZZhs lsh;a fyd;a ÿyÿ Wjï
^ÿYaY%oafOdamud$ÿYaY%dfOHdamud fyj;a wiïNdúf;damud&
kï fõ'
—i| u`v,ska úI o i÷kska .sks o msgjk fia Tn uqúka

r¿ nia fnfKhs'˜ wdÈ jYfhka isÿ úh fkdyels fohla
mejiSu fuu Wmud fNaofha ,laIKh hs'
nyQmud
107' i÷ka o, i|/ia

isisl; ure lmqre yr
ye,s fy,aue,s isys,a ;S
myi úh;a nyq Wjï kï
i÷ka o, i|/ia3
isisl; ure lmqre yr4
ye,s fy,aue,s isys,a5 ;S1
myi2 úh;a nyq Wjï kï6
^1&;sf.a ^2&myi ^3&i÷ka Èh" i|/ia" ^4&i|l;a ^fyj;a

pkaøldka; udKslH&" û|& iq<Õ" lmqre" uq;=yr" ^5&Èh
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online books
we,s" fy,aue,s ^wdÈh fuka& isys,a h ^6&lsh;a fyd;a nyq

Wjï ^fyj;a nyQmud& kï fõ'
Wmud /ila uÕska Wmfïh meyeÈ,s lsÍu nyQmud kï

Wmud fNaofha ,laIKh hs'
úl%sfhdamud
108' l< jka isis ìUqks - f.kqzmq< jka ;S jqjka

;Uqre .eìka ;=kqjÕ - úh;a úlr Wjï fh;a
l< jka7 isis ìUqks3 f.ka6 Wmq< jka5 ;S jqjka2

;Uqre .eìka4 ;=kqjÕ1 úh;a úlr Wjï fh;a8
^1&z<÷ks" ^2&Tfí uqyqK ^3&i| u`v,ska yd ^4&mshqï

.efnka ^5&Wÿrk ,o meyeh ^6&f.k ^7&l<dla jeks
heZhs ^8&lsh;a fyd;a úlr Wjï ^fyj;a úl%sfhdamud&
heZhs lsh;a'
kd kd foiska .;a mßir jia;= wdÈh fjkia njg

muqKqjd Wmudjla fldg .ekSu fuu Wmud fNaofha
,laIKh hs' i| /iays yd mshqï .efnys meyeh tla úg
olakg fkd,efnkakls' tajd tla ;eka jqjfyd;a ilia
jkqfha o uq,a jia;=j,ska imqrd u fjkia jQ meyehls'
fuys m%ia;=; ;eke;a;sh f.a uqyqfKys meyeh mejiSu
i|yd tn÷ jQ Wmudjla ilia fldg f.k ;sfí'
;=kqj. - ;kajx. fyj;a ;=kS jQ YÍr we;s

;eke;a;sh
mshqï .en - moau .¾Nh" fk¿ï uf,a we;=<;
udf,damud
109' .=jk ojfiõ oji - ysfrõ ysr o /ia tõ
ish úlau ; flf¾ Èks - isß h;a u,a Wjï kï
.=jk oji tõ oji ysre tõ ysr o /ia tõ1

ish úlau ;d flf¾2 Èks4 isß3 h;a u,a Wjï kï5
125
online books
^1&zwyi oji ^flfrys& fuka o" oji ysre ^flfrys&

fuka o" ^2&ysre o /ia ^flfrys& fuka o ^3&;u úl=ï
^fyj;a Tn f.a úl%uh& Tn flfrys ^4&isßh ^5&we;s
lrù h ^fyj;a cks; lrù h&Z ^5&lsh;a fyd;a u,a Wjï
^fyj;a udf,damud& kï fõ'
nyQmud kï Wmud fNaohg wkqj fjka fjka jQ Wmud

/ila uÕska Wmfïh meyeÈ,s flfr;;a fuys § Wmud
/i tlsfklg ne÷Kq ud,djla fuka olajkq ,efí'
jdlHd¾f:damud
110' jo mn|la yd hï - jo mn|re;a iu j;

fy tla fkd tla tõ io - jo mn÷jï kï jQ
jo mn|la yd hï1
jo mn| wre;a iu j;2
fya4 tla8 fkd7 tla5 tõ io6$9
jo mn| Wjï kï jQ3
^1&jo mn|la ^fyj;a jdlHhla& iuÕ ^2&hï jo mn|

wre;la ^fyj;a ;j;a jdlH w¾:hla& iu j;a fyd;a
^3&jo mn| Wjï ^fyj;a jdlHd¾f:damud& kï jQ ^4&th
^fyj;a tu w,xldrh& ^5&tla ^6&tõ iÈka ^fyj;a Wmud
jdpl Yíofhka& o" ^7$8&fkdfhla ^fyj;a fndfyda&
^9&tõ iÈka ^fyj;a Wmud jdpl Yíofhka& o ^fõ'&
tla jdlHhla ;j;a jdlHd¾:hlg Wmud lr olajkqfha

jdlHd¾f:damud hs' fuys tla jdpl mohla we;s
jdlHd¾f:damud" jdpl lsysmhla we;s jdlHd¾f:damud
f,i fNao folls'
111' i, fk;a fjdrckd - oika furc jqjka ;S

nuk nureÿ, flire - mqnqÿ mshqfuzõ fydnfka
i, fk;a fjdrckd1
oika furc2 jqjka4 ;S3
nuk nur Wÿ, flire5
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mqnqÿ mshqï tõ fydnfka6
^1&ii, fk;a nn<k" ^2&o;a le¨ï ^fyj;a uÍÑ& ^we;s&

^3&Tfí ^4&uqyqK ^5&nukakd jQ nureka yd Wÿ, flire
^fyj;a frfyKq& we;s ^6&msmqKq mshqula fuka fydnfka
h' ^fyj;a úrdcudk h'&
fï taflaj Yío jdlHd¾f:damudj hs' fuys Wmfïh

zii, fk;a nn<k" o;a le¨ï hq;a Tfí uqyqKZ hkak
hs' Wmudj znukakd jQ nureka yd Wÿ, flire we;s
msmqKq mshqulaZ hkak hs' fuu jdlHhka fol iïnkaO
fldg we;af;a tla tõ Yíohla weiqre fldg .ksñks'
112' ir jka t ;=kqjÕ - lu,a iu t jqjkayS

nufrõ ìî fl<fkï - uqj ó ó iqÿiq jQ
ir jka ta ;=kqjÕ lu,a iu ta jqjkayS1

nur tõ5 ìî4 fl<fkï6 uqj ó3 ó iqÿiq jQ2
^1&ú,la jeks jQ ta wÕk f.a fk¿ula yd iu jQ ta

uqyqfKys ^2&meKs jeks jQ" ^3&uqj ó ^4&ìî ^5&nurl=
fuka ^6&fl<fkñ'
fï wfkaflaj Yío jdlHd¾f:damudj hs' fuys jka" iu"

iqÿiq jQ wdÈ jYfhka Wmud jdpl mo lsysmhla u fh§
;sfnkq ±l .; yels h'
m%;sjia;+mud
113' lshd tla j;a tla - oyulayq olaj;a fyd;a

iu nõ ms<sj;akq ù - ms<sj;a Wjï fy fufia
lshd2 tla j;a1 tla oyulayq olaj;a fyd;a3

iu nõ ms<sj;akq ù ms<sj;a Wjï fya fï fia4
^1&tla jia;=jla ^2&mjid ^3&^Bg iudk& tla oyula

^fyj;a wkH O¾uhla& olaj;a fyd;a ^4&iu njg
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online books
ms<sj;la ^fyj;a m%;sjia;=jla& jQ fyhska ms<sj;a Wjï

^fyj;a m%;sjia;+mud& hs' ta fï f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
tla jia;=jla olajd Bg iudk O¾u we;s m%;sjia;=jla

olajkakd jQ Wmud fNaoh m%;sjia;+mud kï fõ'
114' ; fia ke;Zka rfola

Wmok rÿkz;=f¾
fojkq jQ ke;a uehs ;=frla
mri;= kï ;=rejrg
;d fia2 ke;4 wka rfola3

Wmok rÿka w;=f¾1
fojkq jQ6 ke;a uehs8 ;=frla7
mri;= kï ;=rejrg5
^1&WmÈkakd jQ rcqka w;frys ^2&Tn jeks ^3&wka rfcla

^4&ke;' ^tfia u& ^5&mri;= kï ;=rejrhg ^fyj;a W;=ï
.ig& ^6&iu jQ fojeks ^7&.ila ^8&ke;af;a u h'
fuys m<uqj olajd we;s z;d fia wka rfola ke;Z hkak
m%ia;=;h hs' fojkqj olajd we;s zmri;= kï ;=rejrhg
fojkq jQ ;=frla ke;a uehsZ hkq m%;sjia;=j hs' tu
m%;sjia;=j uÕska m%ia;=; w¾:h uekeúka meyeÈ,s
flfrkq ±l .; yels h'
;=,Hfhdaf.damud
115' b;sß hulayq yd - furud tla lfuys

iufhda le/ mj;aj;a - iufhda Wjï fy fufia
b;sß hulayq yd furud tla lfuys1

iufhda le/ mj;aj;a iufhda Wjï fya fï fia2
^1&Wiia hful= ^fyj;a wêl;rhl=& yd wfkfll= tl

lghq;af;ys ^2&iu fia tla fldg ^fyj;a iufhda.
fldg& mj;aj;a fyd;a iufhda Wjï ^fyj;a
;=,Hfhdaf.damud& hs' ta fï f,isks" û;= inef|a'&
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lsis hï idOdrK O¾uhla i,ld wêl .=K we;a;l=

ySk .=K we;a;l= yd iudk fldg olajk Wmud fNaoh
;=,Hfhdaf.damud kï fõ'
116' foú÷ rlS iqr f,da - ysñ÷ rlS uq¿ fmdf<da

jkid fy wiqr iyia - ysñ jkid remq iyia
foõ b÷1 rlS3 iqr f,da2

ysñ b÷4 rlS6 uq¿ fmdf<da5
jkid8 fya wiqr iyia7
ysñ9 jkid11 remq iyia10
^1&foõ rc ^fyj;a ila foúhd& ^2&iqr f,dj ^3&rlS'

^4&ysñ rc ^fyj;a iajdókaø f;fï& ^5&uq¿ fmdf<dj
^6&rlS' ^7&Tyq ^fyj;a ila rcq& wiqrhka oyia .Kkska
^8&jkihs' ^9&ysñ o ^10&i;=rka oyia .Kkska ^11&jkihs'
fuys § m%ia;=; rcq ila foúhdg iu l< o idfmalaI

jYfhka .;a l, Tyq ySkfhla o ila rc wêlfhla o
fjhs' fuys idOdrK O¾uh kï ila foúhd foõ f,dj
rlsñka wiqrhka jkid ouk fia m%ia;=; rcq o ;u
f,dj rlsñka i;=rka keiSsu hs'
fya;+mud
117' fhfika ksihqre jka

f;Èka ysre f;da uyrc
.eUqfrka ihqre jekafkys
h;a fï fya Wjï kï
fhfika ksihqre3 jka4$6

f;Èka ysre5 f;da2 uyrc1
.eUqfrka ihqre jekafkys7
h;a fï fya Wjï kï8
^1&zzuyrc" ^2&Tn ^3&hiiska ^fyj;a lS¾;sfhka& i÷

^4&jeks h" ^5&f;Èka ^fyj;a f;aciska& ysre ^6&jeks h"
129
online books
^7&.eUqßka ^fyj;a .eUqre jQ .=Kfhka& ihqr jeks h'ZZ

^8&lsh;a fyd;a fï fya Wjï ^fyj;a fya;+mud& kï fõ'
Wmfïh Wmudjka yd iudk ùug fya;= olajkqfha

fya;+mud hs'
iudfidamud
118' lu, ;, b÷ ieõ - neuf,a ,;= o, ,jka

lkd l;=re ñgq lkamg - lk leg ñgq iqjg lg
lu, ;, b÷ ieõ neuf,a ,;= o, ,jka1

lkd l;=re ñgq lkamg lk leg ñgq iqjg lg2
^1&fk¿ï w;a," foaÿkq neu frdo" ,;= m;a f;d,a

^fyj;a w,la; wdf,amfhka j¾Kj;a jQ m;% jeks
f;d,a&" ^2&rka l;=re ñá lka fm;s ^fyj;a rka l;=re
ñgla jeks lka fm;s&" rka levm;a ñá jgl=re f.,
^fyj;a rka lKaKdä ñgla jeks b;d jgl=re jQ
fn,a,$lKaGh& û;= inef|a'&
119' lsi,; i| jqjka - b÷jr fk;zl=iq .yka

jÿre ueo ;=kq ;sir - msfhdjqre fld| je,a oika
lsi,a w; i| jqjka b÷jr fk;a wl=iq .yka1

jÿre ueo ;=kq ;sir msfhdjqre fld| je,a oika2
^1&o¨ w;" i| uqyqK" uyfk,a fk;a" wl=iq keyeh

^wl=iaila fyj;a fyKavqjla jeks jQ >%dKh&" ^2&Èhuka;s
ueo isrer ^fyj;a bÕ&" yxi msfhdjqre" fld| je,a o;a
û;= inef|a'&
120' lv ;Ur md ;, - rU hq. jfgdr ìÕ= rc
jid ird isis furc - iskd isß l;a fhdafkda
lv ;Ur md ;, rU hq. jfgdr ìÕ= rc1
jid ird isis furc iskd isß l;a fhdafkda2
130
online books
^1&wv mshqï md ;, ^fyj;a m;=,&" rU fojfgdr ^fyj;a

fli,a l|ka jeks l<jd fol&" ìÕ= ro ^fyj;a óueis
rdchd kï& ^2&jid frdo ^fyj;a f,dï je,&" ird i|
le¨ï iskd" isßl;a hqj;sfhda ^fyj;a isßl; jeks
;reKsfhda& û;= inef|a'&
jid frdo - ken wi,ska úysfok frdaudj,sh
furc - uÍÑ" le¨ï
121' iila jqjka ñKs - ks,a fk;a ,sh fldu,ÕE

lshQ wref;zõ io y< - ms<s fï iuiqjï kï
ii wla jqjka ñKs ks,a fk;a ,sh fldu, wÕ wE1

lshQ wre;a tõ io y<2 ms<s4 fï3 iuia Wjï kï5
^1&i| uqyqK" ñKs ks,a fk;a ^fyj;a ks,a ueKsla jeks

weia&" je,a fldu,sfhda ^fyj;a je,a jeks fldau, wx.
we;s ;eke;a;sfhda$ ldka;dfjda& wdÈ f,iska ^2&lshQ
wre;ays § ztõZ Yíoh w;yeßhd jQ ^3&fï ^4&jkdys
^5&iuia Wjï ^fyj;a iudfidamud& kï fõ'
Wmud jdplhka f,dma fldg Wmudj yd Wmfïh iudi

iajrEmfhka ±laùu iudfidamudfjys ,laaIKh hs' 118
isg 121 olajd .S Bg kso¾Yk ±laùu i|yd fhdod f.k
we;' fuu Wmud fNaofha we;s úfYaI;dj;a" ÿyqkkag
th rEml jeks ,laIKhkaf.ka fjka fldg jgyd
.ekSfï wiSre;dj;a i,ld l;=jrhd fumuK ksoiqka
.Kkla olajkakg we;'
122' wka mo wre;a ir - W;=re more;a ir yd

fmr mo wre;a ir yd - fomo wre;a ir o we;a
wka mo wre;a ir W;=re mo wre;a ir yd1

fmr mo wre;a ir yd fomo wre;a ir o we;a2
^1&wka mo wre;a ire ^fyj;a wkH mod¾: m%Odk&" miq

mo wre;a ire ^fyj;a W;a;r mod¾: m%Odk&" ^2&fmr mo
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wre;a ire ^fyj;a mQ¾j mod¾: m%Odk& yd ^3&fomo

wre;a ire ^fyj;a WNh mod¾: m%Odk& ^hk fNao& o
^fuys fyj;a iudfidamudfjys& we;'
iudfidamudfjys fNao y;rla fuys olajd we;'

1' wka mo wre;a ire ^wkH mod¾: m%Odk&
2' miq mo wre;a ire ^W;a;r mod¾: m%Odk&
3' fmr mo wre;a ire ^mQ¾j mod¾: m%Odk&
4' fomo wre;a ire ^WNh mod¾: m%Odk&
fuu ,laIK meyeÈ,s lr .; hq;= jkqfha iudi ms<sn|
jHdlrKfha ±lafjk isoaOdka; weiqfrks' zi|j;shZ
lsjfyd;a wkH mod¾: m%Odk fjhs' zi| jeks j;la
we;sZ hk uq,a w¾:j,ska fjkia jQ w¾:hla f,i zia;%shZ
hk wre; bka ,efnk neúks' zuyfk,a fk;aZ
lsjfyd;a W;a;r mod¾: m%Odk fjhs' fiiq fNao o
fukhska u fõ'
Wmud ms<sn| wu;r f;dr;=re
123' fkdfhla ,sÕ= jokqÿ - l=ÿ uyj;=ÿ Wjug

ksfodia fmr lsújrka - msfhda weiqre lr;a fyd;a
fkdfhla ,sÕ= joka o l=ÿ uy j;a o Wjug2

ksfodia3 fmr lsújrka msfhda weiqre lr;a fyd;a1
^1&fmr lùka f.a fhÿï ^fyj;a m%fhda.& weiqre lr;a

fyd;a ^2&fkdfhla ,sx. yd jpk ^fyj;a Nskak ,sx. yd
Nskak jpk& o" l=vd ^fyj;a laIqø& yd uy;a jia;= o
Wmudjg ^3&ksfodia h'
Wmudj yd Wmfïh ,sx. follska ^Nskak ,sx. j& yd

jpk follska ^Nskak jpk j& fh§u fuka u
Wmfïhhg jvd wêl jia;= ^wêfldamud& yd ySk jia;=
^ySfkdamud& weiqre fldg .ekSu o fodaI jYfhka
ms<s.efka' tfy;a l;=jrhd fuys § mjid we;af;a fmr
lùka f.a fhÿï wkqj hñka úfYaI m%fhda.hla f,i
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tn÷ ,laIK wkq.ukh fldg we;akï tys jrola

fkdjk nj hs'
124' .eyeks tõ fy fif¾ - msßñyq fuka fnfKa fyda

mKka fi mshù in| - jqyq úÿyq okflõ /ia
.eyeks tõ2 fya1 fif¾3

msßñyq fuka fnfKa5 fyda4
mKka fi mshù7 in|6
jqyq9 úÿyq okla tõ /ia8
^1&Tyq ^2&.eyekshl fuka ^3&weúÈhs' ^4&weh ^5&msßñka

fuka fodvhs' ^6&ñ;=rd ^7&mKka ^fyj;a m%dKhka& fia
m%sh ù h' ^8&úÿyq ^fyj;a úoHdfjda& Okhla fuka /ia
^9&jQy'
125' ; fuka ysñ ñysm,a

fjdrcfka ilafoõ ro
m< f;Èks f;d iyia ria
fifu h;a ksoiqfkz;=kg
;d fuka3 ysñ ñysm,a1

fjdrcfka4 ilafoõ ro2
m< f;Èks f;da iyia ria5
fifu h;a6 ksoiqka8 ta ;=kg7
^1&zysñ rcqks" ^2&ila foõ ro ^3&Tn fuka ^4&nn<hs

^fyj;a úrdcudk fõ'& ^5&m< jQ f;Èka ^fyj;a
f;aciska& Tn ysre ^fyj;a iyia /ia& ^6&iu h'Z lsh;a
fyd;a ^7&ta ;=kg ^fyj;a ,sx. fNao" jpk fNao yd
ySkdêl;aj hk ;=kg& ksoiqka h'
124" 125 hk .S foflka olajd we;af;a" 123 jk .Sfhys

mejiQ mßÈ ,sx. fNao" jpk fNao" ySkdêl;aj fNao hk
,laIK fodaI iy.; fkdjk wdldrfhka wkq.ukh
lsÍu ms<sn| kso¾Yk h'
zTyq .eyekshl fuka weú§Z hkafkys Wmud-
Wmfïhhka ,sx. follg;a"
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zweh msßñ fuka fodvhsZ hkafkys Wmud-Wmfïhhka

,sx. follg yd jpk follg;a"
zñ;=rd m%dKhka fia m%sh ùhZ hkafkys Wmud-
Wmfïhhka ,sx. yd jpk follg;a"
zúoHdfjda okhla fuka /ia jQyZ hkafkys Wmud-
Wmfïhhka jpk follg;a wh;a fõ'
fï wdldrhg u zila rc Tn fuka nn<hsZ hkafkys
wêfldamud ,laIKh o"
zTn f;Èka iyia /ia iu hZ hkafkys ySfkdamud
,laIKh o fh§ ;sfí' tfy;a mQ¾j m%fhda. ie,lSfï §
fïjd fodaI yeáhg .; hq;= fkdjk nj l;=jrhd f.a
WmfoaYh hs' ñka wk;=re j ú.%y fldg we;af;a fodaI
jYfhka ie,lsh hq;= tn÷ wjia:d h'
126' isis yia lf;õ iqÿ

kqn ù úu,a ú,a fia
ysñ ne;s fnf< iqjkq jka
ßú fuka lfoda Èiafka
isis yia l;a tõ iqÿ1

kqn2 ù5 úu,a4 ú,a fia3
ysñ ne;s fnf< iqjkq jka6
ßú fuka8 lfoda7 Èiafka9
^1&i| yi wÕkl ^fyj;a yxi fèkqjl& fuka iqÿ h'

^2&wyi ^3&ú,a fia ^4&msßiqÿ ^5&ù h' ^6&ysñ ne;sfhka
^fyj;a iajdñ Nla;sfhka& fin<d ^fyj;a Nghd&
n,a,l= ^fyj;a Yajdkhl=& jeks h' ^7&lkd ueÈßhd
^8&ysre fuka ^9&Èia fjhs'
zi| yiÕkl fuka iqÿ h'Z hkak Nskak ,sx.

fodaIhg;a" zwyi ú,a fia msßis÷ úhZ hkak Nskak jpk
fodaIhg;a" zfin<d ysñ ne;sfhka iqkLhl= jeks hZ
hkak ySfkdamud fodaIhg;a" zlkd ueÈßhd ysre fuka
Èia fjhsZ hkak wêfldamud fodaIhg;a kso¾Yk fõ'
134
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127' we; o fya kshj;ayq - fkd fu miis;a fï Wjï

±is hqre iqÿiq rÕ tõ - tla n÷ kqrE ms<srE
we; o2 fya1 kshj;ayq3

fkd fu miis;a5 fï Wjï4
±is hqre iqÿiq rÕ tõ6
tla n÷ wkqrE ms<srE7
^1$2&fya;= we;;a ^fyj;a Wmud lsÍug fya;= fj;;a&

^3&keKj;ayq ^4&fï Wmud ^5&fkdu miis;a' ^fyj;a
m%Yxid fkdlr;a'& ^6&±is" hqre" iqÿiq" rÕ" tõ" ^7&tla n÷"
wkqrE" ms<srE û;= inef|a'&
fuys m<uq fofm<ska lshefjkqfha fm/ lS Wmud

fodaIj,g iïnkaO woyils' fuys ;=ka jeks fmf<ys
isg 131 jk .Sh olajd jkqfha Wmud jdpl Yío ms<sn|
úy%yhls'
128' whqre jeks j,d - m,Õ yrK .ska fuka

oy¿ iq,d y¿ jka - úmla ms<sjla n÷ fia
129' fkd msá .ks .eyefÜ - iefÜ kid jkid

fkd wvqfj jvd jvjd - úhjd iqre mrojd
130' ieyefia frfia fia - meyefia jefia wjqfia

fofka f;fka wkqfõ - fljq,d fldjd fj<md
127 jk .Sfha ;=ka jk fmf<ys isg ú.%y fldg we;af;a

Wmud jdpl Yío h' fuu .S wuq;=fjka ú.%y l< hq;=
fkdfõ' mo ms<sfj< fh§ we;s ieáfhka u w¾:h
wjfndaO fldg .; yels h'
131' fï wE kka Wjï - lshk joka ñKs rejka

lsúka yso w;ays lr;a - fmdfydi;a j;a ljr nr
fï wE kka Wjï lshk joka ñKs rejka1

lsúka yso w;ays lr;a fmdfydi;a j;a ljr nr2
135
online books
^1&fï wdÈ jQ fkdfhla Wjï lshk joka ^fyj;a Wmud

jdpl mo& kï ñKs rejka ^fyj;a udKslH r;akhka&
^2&lùka f.a yo we;=<f;ys ^fyj;a yDo wNHka;rfhys&
lrkaakg ^fyj;a isf;ys ;nd .kakg& fmdfydi;a j;a
fyd;a ^lúlfuys& ljr kï nrla o@
rEml
132' Wjï fu keiqKq fí - rEml kï fy fu fia

nyq,sh w;a;, mshqï - kqjks÷jr jqjka i|
Wjï ue2 keiqKq fí1 rEml kï fya fï fia3

nyq,sh w;a;, mshqï kqjka b÷jr jqjka i|4
^1&keiqKq ^fyj;a ieÕjqKq& fNao we;s ^2&Wmud ue

^3&rEml kï fõ' ta fï f,isks" ^4&zndyq kï je,"
w;a;, kï mshqï" fk;a kï uyfk,a" uqyqK kï i|'Z
ieÕjqKq fNao we;s Wmudj u rEml kï fjhs' fNaoh

kï fjki hs' Wmudfjys fNaoh fyj;a fjki meyeÈ,s
h' zi| jeks uqyqK heZhs lshQ úg Wmud" Wmfïh fol
fjka fjka jQ jia;= folla nj;a tajd w;r hï
iudk;ajhla muKla we;s nj;a meyeÈ,s fõ' tfy;a
rEmlfhys § fNaoh fyj;a fjki meyeÈ,s ke;' zjqjka
i|Z lshQ úg tys woyi zi| kï uqyqKZ hkak hs' Wmud"
Wmfïh ^fyj;a m%ia;=;" wm%ia;=;& jia;= fol u tlla
u nj;a tajd w;r fNaohla fyj;a fjkila ke;s nj;a
ñka yeÕfõ'
133' iqr;eÕs,s ù m¨ - ksh ria ù l=iqï /ia
w;ayq ÿ jQ ,sh ji;a - isß f;d wmg mila ir
iqr;a weÕs,s1 ù3 m¨2
ksh ria4 ù6 l=iqï /ia5
w;ayq o7 jQ9 ,sh8 ji;a11
isß12 f;da wmg mila ir10
^1&iqr;a ^fyj;a fyd¢ka r;= jQ& weÕs,s ^2&o¨ ^3&úh'
^4&ksh ria ^kshfmd;=j, Èiakh fyj;a kL rYañh&
136
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^5&u,a /i ^fyj;a rdYsh& ^6&úh' ^7&w;ayq ^fyj;a

yia;fhda& o ^8&je,a ^9&jQy' ^tfyhska& ^10&Tn wmg mila
^fyj;a m%;HlaI& f,i u ießirkakd jQ ^11&ji;a
^fyj;a jika;& ^12&isßh hs'
fï jHia; rEmlh i|yd kso¾Ykhls' ziqr;eÕs,s m¨

kshria l=iqï /iaZ jeks mo fuys olajd we;af;a iudi
lsÍfuka f;drj hs' tneúka fï jHia; rEml hs'
134' fidñ jqjka iqmqka - isis u`v, ;S l,an|

isß m;a iskd fu furc - uuk l=uqÿ mqnqÿ ù
fidñ jqjka iqmqka isis u`v,3 ;S2 l,an|1
isß m;a5 iskd ue furc4 uuk l=uqÿ mqnqÿ ù6
^1&l;=ks" ^fyj;a l,H n|la we;s ;eke;a;shks"& ^2&Tfí
^3&fidñ jqjk ^fyj;a fi!uH uqyqK& kï iqmqka isis
u`vf,ys ^4&iskyj u le¨ï ^5&isßhg m;a úh' ^6&uf.a
is; kï l=uqÿ mqnqÿ ù h'
fuys zfidñ jqjka iqmqka isis u`v,Z hkak iuia;

rEmlhls' ziskd fu furc isßZ hkak jHia; rEmlhls'
tfyhska fï iuia;-jHia; rEml hs'
135' ish,af,kZka fihska
fyhskq ÿ ;;= je<elafuka
Wjï je;sfrl fif,ia
fjfiia jiï wflõ ±z;a
ish,af,ka wka fihska1
fyhska2 o4 ;;= je<elafuka3
Wjï je;sfrl fif,ia5
fjfiia jiï wflõ o we;a6
^1&ish¨ wx. flfrka fhÿKq rEml îl,dx. rEml& o"
thska wka ieáfhka fhÿKq rEml ^wjhj rEml" wjhù
rEml wdÈh& o" ^2&fya;=fjka ^yd& ^3&;;= je<l=fuka
^fyj;a ;;a;ajdmyakjfhka& fhÿKq rEml ^4&o"
^5&Wmud" jH;sf¾l" Yaf,aI" ^6&úfYaIK" úIu" wdlafIam
^hk rEml fNao& o we;'
137
online books
fï rEml fNao ms<sn| fmdÿ ye¢kaùuls'
il, rEml
136' iqr;eÕs,s m;a fm< - ksh/ia flire ; irK

lu,a ñysm,a uqÿfka - krks÷" wro r|fka
iqr;a weÕs,s m;a fm< ksh/ia flire ;d irK2

lu,a ñysm,a uqÿfka3 krka b÷1 wro r|fka4
^1&rcqks" ^2&;o r;= weÕs,s kï fm;s fm< o" ksh /ia

^fyj;a rYañh& kï frfyKq o we;s Tfí mh kï
^3&mshqu rcqka uqÿfka ^4&ksr;=re j nn<kafka h'
fuys m%ia;=; rcq f.a mdohg iïnkaO ish¨ wx. rEml

uÕska ±lajQfhka fï il, rEml hs'
wjhj rEml
137' r;a kqjka uyfk,a
ii, ,jka lsi,a ;S
jqjk; ljr lrefKks
úisk;= ke;e ;ud fodia
r;a kqjka uyfk,a3

ii, ,jka lsi,a4 ;S1
jqjk;2 ljr lrefKks5
úisk;=6 ke;e8 ;ud fodia7
^1&;sf.a ^2&uqyqfKys ^3&r;= weia kï uyfk,a o
^4&iief,k f;d,a kï o¨ o ^5&ljr lrefKka ^ù ±Zhs&
^6&msßlai;a fyd;a ^7&ud f.a fodila ^8&ke;'
fuys m%ia;=; uqyqK ^}wjhù jia;=j& rEml fldg ke;'
tys wjhj muKla rEml fldg we;' tfyhska fï
wjhj rEml hs'
wjhù rEml
138
online books
138' iq;ka neu f,a uq;a - iru o,ì÷ r;afkka

m<g flf¾ uo iud - isßu;a j;a mshqï ;S
iq;ka neu f,a uq;a iru o,ì÷ r;a fkka1

m<g flf¾5 uo iud4 isßu;a j;a mshqï3 ;S2
^1&uekúka keuqKq neu we;s" .s,syqKq oyÈh ì÷ we;s"

r;= fk;a we;s" ^2&Tfí ^3&isßu;a ^fyj;a fYdaNd
iïmkak& jQ uqyqK kï mshqu ^4&u;a jQ wjia:djla ^5&m<
flf¾'
m%Odk jia;=fõ wjhj ^fyj;a fldgia& fkd;ld m%Odk

jia;=j ^wjhù& muKla rEml lrkqfha wjhù rEml
kï fõ'
taldx. rEml
139' uo r;a fldmq,a m;a - kqjka uyfk,a fk;a l,a

jqjk;sks ;S fu ish,a - ok/ia rd uqjd ù
uo r;a fldmq,a m;a kqjka uyfk,a fk;a l,a1

jqjk;sks3 ;S2 fï ish,a ok/ia rd uqjd ù4
^1&uofhka r;a jQ lïuq,ska o" r;a jQ weia kï

uyfk,ska o ^hq;= jQ& weig mshlre jQ ^2&Tfí
^3&uqyqKska ^4&fï ish¨ ck msßi rd. iys; ^fyj;a
rd.uh& jQy'
fuys zr;a jQ weia kï uyfk,skaZ hkqfjka m%ia;=;

uqyqK yd iïnkaO tla wx.hla muKla rEml fldg
we;s neúka fï taldx. rEml hs'
140' tlÕ rEml fï - fufia fo wÕ ;=kzÕ fõ

isÿ jQ rEmlska h< - m< jQ rEml fufia
tlÕ rEml2 fï1 fï fia fo wÕ ;=ka wÕ fõ3

isÿ jQ rEmlska h< m< jQ rEml fï fia4
139
online books
^1&fï ^2&taldx. rEml hs' ^3&fï f,i oajHx." ;%Hx.

^hk fNao& o fõ' ^4&isÿ jQ rEmlfhka kej; m< jQ
rEmlh fï mßoafoks'
m%ia;=;fha wx. folla rEml l<fyd;a oajHx. rEml o"

wx. ;=kla rEml l< fyd;a ;%Hx. rEml o wdÈ
jYfhka isoaO jk rEml wkqj m%lg jk rEml
fNaofhda o fj;s'
hqla; rEml
141' iskd iqÿ l=iqï - ÿ, ii, fk;a ìÕ= ;S

jqjk; úh; l=iqï - ìÕ= isfhdúka hq;a lsh;a
iskd iqÿ l=iqï ÿ,1 ii,3 fk;a ìÕ=2 ;S4

jqjk; úh;a l=iqï ìÕ= isfhdúka hq;a lsh;a5
^1&ziskd kï iqÿ u,ska nn<k ^2&fk;a kï ìÕ=ka

^3&iief,k ^4&Tfí ^5&uqyqK ^heZhs& lsh;a fyd;a l=iqï
yd ìÕ= tla ùu ksid hqla; ^rEml& hehs lsh;a'
f,dal m%lg jQ wfkHdkH iïnkaOhla uq,a fldg .;a

rEml hqla; rEml kï fõ' by; .Sfha u,a yd ìÕ=ka
w;r we;af;a f,dal m%lg jQ iïnkaOhls'
whqla; rEml
142' fldu, iskd isis - ria isks÷ fk;=zmq¨zjka

úh;=zmq,a isis ria yd - fkdhq;ska fï whq;= kï
fldu, iskd isis ria isks÷ fk;a Wmq,a Wjka1

úh;a Wmq,a isis ria yd fkdhq;ska fï whq;= kï2
^1&zfldu, iskd kï i| /ia yd isks÷ fk;a kï
uyfk,a ^we;s& uqyqK ^heZhs& ^2&lsh;a fyd;a uyfk,a"
i|/ia yd whq;= ^fyj;a hqla; fkdjk& neúka fï
whqla; ^rEml& kï fõ'
140
online books
fmr lshQ hqla; rEmlfha fuka f,dal m%lg jQ

iïnkaOhla fkdmj;akd rEml iïnkaO fldg .;a
rEml fNaoh whqla; rEml kï fõ' fuys uyfk,a yd
i|/ia w;r we;af;a fmr lshQ u,a yd ìÕ=ka w;r jeks
f,dal m%lg jQ iïnkaOhla fkd fõ' tfyhska whqla;
rEml hs'
úIu rEml
143' nquQ neu,sh ieõ - uo r;a fldmq,a u,a yS

jqjka isis u`vf,ka ;S - Èk; msh,a Èh ish,a
nquQ neu,sh ieõ uo r;a fldmq,a1 u,ayS4

jqjka isis u`vf,ka3 ;S2 Èk; msh,a7 Èh6 ish,a5
^1&nud .sh ^fyj;a lrleù .sh& weys neu kï ÿkak o"

uofhka r;a jQ lïuq,a o ^we;s& ^2&Tfí ^3&uqyqK kï i|
u`vf,ka ^4&wkx.hd ^5&ish¨ ^6&f,dj ^7&ch .kq;a
^Èkkakg& m%n, hs'
m%Odk jia;=j rEml lr fyda fkdlr" tys we;eï
wjhj rEml lrñka o we;eï wjhj rEml fkdlrñka
o úIudldr j fhdokakd jQ rEml fNaoh úIu rEml
kï fõ' by; .Sfha m%Odk jia;=j ^fyj;a wjhù& jk
uqyqK i|g rEml fldg we;' uqyqfKys tla wx.hla
jk weys neu ÿkakg rEml lr we;;a lïuq,a lsisjlg
rEml fldg ke;' tfyhska úIu rEml hs'
iúfYaIK rEml
144' uqÿka ,. kqn .Õe - o, je/,S mshqï ken
irK; È; ìfhka uq;a - iqr fidïkia oo fofka
uqÿka ,. kqn .Õe o, je/,S1 mshqï ken3
irK;4 È; ìfhka uq;a iqr fidïkia oo2 fofka5
^1&uqÿfkys ^fyj;a isrfiys& /÷Kd jQ wyia .fÕys Èh
kï frÈ we;s" ^2&wiqr ^fyj;a ffo;H& ìfhka ñÿKq
foúhka f.a i;=gq fldäh jQ ^3&úIaKq f.a ^fyj;a moau
kdNSka f.a& ^4&mdo ^5&ch .kS'
141
online books
úfYaIKj;a wm%ia;=;hlg m%ia;=;h rEml lsÍu

iúfYaIK rEml kï rEml fNaofha ,laIKh hs' fuys
úIaKq f.a mdoh" zfoúhka f.a i;=gq fldähZ jYfhka
rEml fldg we;' tlS i;=gq fldäh zÈ; ìfhka uq;a
iqr fidïkia ooZ wdÈ jYfhka úfYaIK uÕska meyeÈ,s
fldg we;s neúka fï iúfYaIK rEml hs'
úreoaO rEml
145' fkd uqyq¨ flfr mshqï

b¿ fkd o fnfu kqfn jqjka
isis ;S jefÜ fu ;ud
urkg h;a úreÿ kï
fkd uqyq¨ flfr6 mshqï4

b¿5 fkd o fnfu8 kqfn7 jqjka2
isis3 ;S1 jefÜ11 fu ;ud9
urkg10 h;a úreÿ kï12
^1&zTfí ^2&uqyqK kï ^3&i| ^4&mshqï ^5&jkh

^6&fkdyl=¿jhs" ^7&wyfiys ^8&fkdyeisf¾' ^fyj;a
N%uKh fkd lrhs'& ^9&fï udf.a ^10&urKh i|yd u
^11&mj;S'Z ^12&lsh;a fyd;a úreoaO ^rEml& kï fõ'
wm%ia;=;hka ;udg wkqrEm fkdjk l%shd ud¾.j,
fhfok nj ±laùu fuu rEml fNaofha ,laIKh hs'
mshqï jkh yels<ùu" wyfiys ießieÍu wdÈ jYfhka
i| isÿ lrk iqmqreÿ lghq;=j,g fjkia j hñka fuys
m%ia;=; ;eke;a;sh f.a uqyqK kï i| wkqka f.a
keiSug fya;= ù we;s njla lshefõ' tfyhska úreoaO
rEml hs'
fya;= rEml
146' .eUqßks f;d o,ksÿ - ißka fur f;Èka ysre
leue;shz;od neúkqÿ - ms<s lma;=re uq¿ Èfha
.eUqßks2 f;da1 o,ksÿ ißka fur f;Èka ysre3
leue;s w; od neúka o6 ms<s4 lma;=re7 uq¿ Èfha5
142
online books
^1&Tn ^2&.eUqßka ^3&ihqr h" ire ^fkdfyd;a yrj;a&

núka uyfur h" f;Èka ysre h" ^4&kej;" ^5&uq¿
f,dfjys ^6&leu;s foh ^fyj;a w¾:h& ,nd §ug odhl
jk núka o ^7&lma;=r u h'
wm%ia;=; - m%ia;=;hka rEml lsÍug fya;= olajkakd jQ

rEml fNaoh fya;= rEml kï fõ'
Ya,sIag rEml
147' ;S jqjk; ;Uqre - fï rcyia nc;a j;a

isßkqzÿ, ,l< uqyq¿ - ishy Èfhys fjdrcfka
;S jqjk; ;Uqre5 fï4 rcyia nc;a j;a1

isßka Wÿ,3 ,l< uqy¿
q 2 ishy Èfhys fjdrcfka6
^1&rdc yxihka ^fkdfyd;a rc W;=uka& úiska weiqre

lsÍug iqÿiq jQ ^2&w,xldr u,a lel=<la ^fkdfyd;a
uqyq<i& ^3&whqßka nn<k ^4&fï ^5&Tn f.a uqyqK kï
mshqu ^6&ksn| Èfhys ^fkdfyd;a f,dfjys& fjd/f|hs'
m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; fomd¾Yajhg u fmdÿ w¾: we;s mo

fhfokakd jQ rEml fNaoh Ya,sIag rEml kï fõ' by;
.Sfha rcyia" uqy¨ q " Èfhys hk mo fh§ we;af;a
Yaf,aId¾: f.k fok mßoafoks'
uqyq< - ul+gh" Wia fldg ne¢ fldKavh
Wmud rEml
148' fufoka r;a meyem;a - fu;S jqjka iqmqka i|

i| leüka ueo ,o - Wohf.ys i| n÷ ù
fufoka r;a meyem;a1 fï3 ;S2 jqjka iqmqka i|4

i| leüka ueo ,o Wohf.ys i| n÷ ù5
143
online books
^1&uofhka ^fyj;a kqrdfjka& r;a meye jQ ^2&Tfí ^3&fï

^4&uqyqK kï iqmqka i|" ^5&ie|E leüka ueo ,o
^fyj;a fmfkk& Wod mõj uqÿfkys jk i| jeks ù h'
rEml l< jia;=j kej; Wmud ud¾.fhka o olajkqfha

Wmud rEml kï fõ' fuys zjqjka iqmqka i|Z hkqfjka
m<uq j rEml ud¾.fhka lshQ m%ia;=;h wk;=re j zi|
n÷ ùZ hkqfjka Wmud ud¾.fhka o meyeÈ,s fldg
;sfí'
jH;sf¾l rEml
149' W<s÷ iqrkg ù - ;uyg ;S jqjka i|

fya fkdmsrefKa u| fõ - ishy iqmqka ú,ia fï
W<s÷ iqrkg ù1 ;uyg3 ;S jqjka i|2

fya fkdmsrefKa u| fõ4 ishy iqmqka ú,ia6 fï5
^1&i| foúhkag ù h' ^2&Tfí uqyqK kï i| ^3&udyg h'

^4&th ^fyj;a i|& fkdmsrefKaa h" wvq jkafka h'
^5&fuh ^fyj;a uqyqK& ^6&ksn| j imsreKq ú,iska hq;=
fõ'
jH;sf¾lh kï fjki hs' wm%ia;=;h m%ia;=;fhka

fjkia jk lreKla o ±laùu fuu rEml fNaofha
,laIKh hs' fuys i|yka jk wdldrhg i| fkdmsÍ
;sîu yd wvqùu fya;=fjka th m%ia;=; ;eke;a;sh f.a
uqyqKska fjkia fõ'
W<s÷ - W¿ b÷" ;rej, m%Odkshd" i|
wdlafIam rEml
150' fmfkñkzkqka fufia - ;jk l, oyñka hq;a

jqjk; i|g ;S ±ka - mshn| ;e;a W<s÷ nõ
fmfkñka wkqka3 fï fia2 ;jk l, oyñka hq;a4

jqjk; i|g6 ;S5 ±ka7 mshn|1 ;e;a9 W<s÷ nõ8
144
online books
^1&ms%h isrerla we;a;sh" ^2&fï f,iska ^3&fmfkñka

wkqka ^4&;eùug m;a lrk lgql .=Kfhka hq;= ^5&Tfí
^6&uqyqK kï i|g ^7&±ka ^8&W<s÷ nj ^fyj;a pkaø;ajh&
^9&ke;'
wdlafIam hkq m%;slafIam lsÍu hs' m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=;

jia;+kays mj;akd lsis hï ,laIKhla" úh fkdyels nj
fyda ms<s.; fkdyels nj mjiñka m%;slafIam fldg
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154' Wjï rEml fol - lrz;;a ke; uq¿ úlma

fiiqyq ÿ fu uÕsks úh;a - lsúkzkqu;a lr;a hq;a
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lsúka wkqu;a lr;a hq;a5
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148
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§ml ^fyj;a wdÈ §ml& h' fï f,iska u ish¨
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k, lr3 fõ4$7$10 i|/ia yuq5
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^1&úrySkag ^2&u| jQ;a" iqj| jQ;a" isys,a jQ;a ^3&iq<Õ

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okd3 ish,a2 ysñ1

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177' ljr fya flfrys - ijks÷jr ijka yS

fulïys l=ï fkdmuK - ù yÕsys ;S È.=fk;a
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ljr fya1 flfrys3 ijka b÷jr ijka yS2

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wkd.;dlafIamh
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180' ;S ish,Õ j;< - fï fldu, neõ fkdieneõ
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tu isreßka ;ud f.a yoj; ßojk kuqÿ fldau,
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wdlafIam fldg ±laùu O¾udlafIamh hs'
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160
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m%nkaOh& ^10&muKla ^11&fmfka' ^12&leükag ^fyj;a
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191' Èh m;f<a fjfiia - msyá s fif,i;a iúreÿ

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n,6 y;a .sß fh;a5 ljr9
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^ks¾u, jQ& is;a we;af;da ^8&f,da jeiaika ^9&iki;a
fkdfj;a o@
168
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fuys wudod" úu,;afuda hk mo fh§ we;af;a m%ia;=;

wm%ia;=; fomd¾Yajhg u idOdrK jQ w¾: f.k fok
mßoafoks' tfyhska Yaf,aId¾: w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
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wkqka f.a ÈhqKqj& lrkafkda fkd fj;a o@
c,hg ji hkqfjka kula fhfo;;a th rij;a j

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u lr;s' fufia c,fha iajNdjg yd W;=uka f.a .;s
,laIKhg úreoaO jQ wre;a weiqre fldg .;a fyhska
fï iúfrdaO w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
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fkd lkal¨ ish,af,ka - úfhdjqka mj ;=nQ fia
ó îfuka ñhqre f.f,ka t<eUe o nur /jq1

fkd lkal¨2 ish,af,ka4 úfhdjqka mj3 ;=nQ fia5
169
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^1&ó îu ksid ñysß jQ W.=ßka ksl=;a jqj o nur ko

^2&fkdlkal¨ h' ^weiSug m%sh fkd fõ' fyj;a wñysß
h'& ^3&úfhda jQjka f.a mj ^4&yeu w;ska u ^5&;=nQ fia h'
fuu úrysksh nur ko iïnkaO fldg .ksñka

whq;ald¾:hla m%lg lrk neúka fï whqla;ldÍ
w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
hqla;ldÍ
197' ojdkq weÕ fï

;ud lu,a o, hyka
fhfoa fkd oyfkla rE
oyk fu msfhú jkafka
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fhfoa fkd8 oyk tla rE6
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^1&fï ^2&fk¿ï fm;s hyk ^3&uf.a ^4&weÕ ^5&ojkjd

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msfhúka ^m%lD;sfhka fyj;a .;s ,laIKfhka& hq;=
jkafka ^8&fkd fõ o@
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hq;= ùu hqla;s iy.; nj m%ia;=; úrysksh mejiQfhka
fï hqla;ldÍ w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
hq;al-whqla;
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fm<d ñ,sk;aukalï - fkdhq;= iqj| úiq÷kg
fm<djd3 ßis fia2 i|1 ji;a b÷ ud flfia4

fm<d ñ,sk w;aukalï5 fkdhq;=7 iqj| úiq÷kg6
170
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^1&i| ^2&ßis fia ^3&ûd& fm<djd' ^4&ji;a rcq ud flfia

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l%shd ^6&iqj|j;a jQ;a" msßis÷ jQ;a whg ^7&whq;= h'
fuys i| ^le,e,a iys; jk neúka& ;ud fm<Su hqla;
jqj;a ji;a rcq ;ud j fm<Su whqla; nj ±lajQfhka fï
hqla;dhqla; w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
whqla;-hqla;
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;jd mshqñ¿ fkd flfia
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l=uqÿ b¿ mjd ;jd1
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wh ^8&fudf<dla fj;a o@
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hqla; w¾:dka;rkHdih hs'
jH;sf¾l
200' niska wd kï fyda - iu nõ yeÕsKs kï fyda
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niska wd kï fyda2 iu nõ1 yeÕsKs kï fyda3

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^1&iu nj ^2&jokska u wdfõ kï fyda ^3&yeÕ=fKa kï

fyda ^4&foj;=kays ^fyj;a jia;= foflys& fjki ^fyj;a
wka;rh& olaj;a fyd;a je;sfrl ^fyj;a jH;sf¾l& kï
fõ' ta fï f,isks' û;= inef|a'&
171
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jH;sf¾lh hkq fjki hs' m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; jia;=

foflys iudk;ajh jpkfhka u fyda yÕjd fyda lshk
w;r tajd w;r hï fjkila o jk nj ±laùu
jH;sf¾ld,xldrfha ,laIKh hs' ishnia,lr fuys fNao
oyhla fmkajd § ;sfí'
tal jH;sf¾l
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w;=re j;a krmjr - msú;=re ; fu ;=kq isßka
uqyqÿ fifu4 f;da3 Èßh uy w;au .eUqre .=fKka2

w;=re j;a5 krmjr1 msú;=re7 ;d fï6 ;=kq isßka8
^1&ñksia W;=u" ^fyj;a kr fY%aIaGh"& ^2&Èßfhka ^fyj;a

ffO¾hfhka& o" uy;a jQ wd;aufhka o" .eUqre .=Kfhka
o ^3&Tn ^4&uqyqo iu h' ^5&fjkila ^fyj;a wka;rhla&
j;a fyd;a ^6&Tn f.a fï ^7&msú;=re jQ ^8&isrefrys
isßfhks'
m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; jia;= w;r iudk;ajh olajd tla

md¾Yajhl muKla fjkila lshd mEu tal jH;sf¾lfha
,laIKh hs' fuys zfjkila fõ kï ta isrefrys muKsZ
hkqfjka m%ia;=;fha ^fyj;a Wmfïhfha& muKla fjki
mjid ;sfnkq ±l .; yels h'
WNh jH;sf¾l
202' kqnqka ysuq .eUqreyq

h< f;do uy uqyqÿ ÿ
fy wok j;=re iqrla
ms<s f;d liqka meye isrere
kqnqka ysuq3 .eUqreyq5

h<4 f;da o2 uy uqyqo o1
fya wok j;=re iqrla6
ms<s8 f;da7 liqka meye isrere9
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^1&uy uqyqo o ^2&Tn o ^3&fkdì¢k ,o iSud we;af;yq'

^4&kej; ^5&.eUqre jkafkyq' ^6&ta ûqyoq & w÷ka nÿ Èh
iu h' ^7&Tn ^8&kej; ^9&rka meye isrerlska hq;=
jkafka h'
fuys m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; fomd¾Yajfha u fjki fjka
fjka j olajd we;s neúka fï WNh jH;sf¾lh hs' uqyqo
o m%ia;=; mqoa.,hd o iudk f,i j¾Kkd fldg
wjidkfha uqyqo w÷ka jka Èfhka hq;= ùu;a" m%ia;=;
mqoa.,hd rka meye isrerlska hq;= ùu;a fjkialï
jYfhka olajd ;sfí'
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f;d mk kiafka fï - iria fy f;da uyl=¿Kq
o,ksÿ f;da uyi;a1

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^1&uqyqo o Tn o ûyd i;a;ajhka we;s fyhska fkdfyd;a
uyd i;a;aj .=K we;s fyhska& uyi;a jkafkyq' ^2&^ñKs
/ia we;s fyhska fkdfyd;a f;aci we;s fyhska& f;Èka
hq;= h' ^3&Tn ^4&yeu l,ays ^5&mj;skafkys h' ^6&^;j o&
fï ^7&Tn uyd ldreKslfhls' ^8&ta ^th fyj;a tu
uqyqo& ^9&kefikiq¨ h' ^10&kej; ^11&ji /ilska hq;= h'
uqyqo yd m%ia;=; ;eke;a;d iudk wdldrfhka j¾Kkd
fldg wjidkfha fjki o ±lajQfhka fï
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hq;=Z hk joka Yaf,aId¾:j;a h' tkï m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=;
fomd¾Yajhg u idOdrK jQ w¾: f.ke fohs' tu jpk
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iïnkaOfhka uy;a jQ i;a;aj .=K we;s" f;aciska hq;=
hk w¾: o ,nd fohs' tfyhska fï Yaf,aI
jH;sf¾lhls'
173
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fya;= jH;sf¾l
204' orkq ÿ jQ forK - .sß ihqre Èõks isfhda

nqcÕsiqre neúkqzß÷ - krks÷ ;g hg;a fõ
orkq4 o6 jQ5 forK3

.sß ihqre Èõks isfhda2
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^1&rð|" ^2&l÷" uqyqÿ" ¥m;a hk wx.j,ska hq;= jQ

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m%ia;=; rcq fmdf<dj ord isákakdla ^rlskakdla& fuka

wkka; kï kd.hd o fmKh u; ;nd f.k f,dfjys
nr Wiq,hs' fufia iudk jqj;a Tjqka w;r fjkila o
we;' ta rcq f,dfjys ish¨ u fokd f.a md,lhd jqj;a
kd ro khska f.a muKla rcq ùu hs' fï wdldrfhka
m%ia;=;-wm%ia;=; jia;= w;r fjkig fya;= olajd we;s
neúka fï fya;= jH;sf¾lh hs'
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205' ;yjqre je isákd - rejkdrÿ Èßh ir

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;yjqre je isákd2
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ffO¾hfhka& ire jQ ^4&uqyqo ^5&ls,sá h' ^6&Tn yd ^7&iu
njg fkd meñfKa'
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.=Kh ie,l+ l, m%ia;=; mqoa.,hd uqyoq yd iudk fjhs'

tfy;a ls,sá nj fya;=fjka uqyqo Tyq yd iu njg
fkdmeñfKa heZhs iudk;ajh je,elajqKq ^m%;l s afIam
flreKq& fyhska fï wdlafIam jH;sf¾lh hs'
206' fufia tlska folska

fif,iaks ÿ fyhskzflúka
jokska wd iqÿiq nõ
ms<s fï yefÕkq jeks nõ
fï fia3 tlska folska1

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fyj;a ±kfjk& iu nj hs'
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;S jqjka lu, o fï folayS w;=re lsh;a1

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^1&Tfí uqyqK ô& mshqu o ^hk& fï foflys fjki
^fyj;a wka;rh& lsh;a fyd;a ^2&mshqu c,fhys yg.kS'
^fyj;a cks; fõ'& ^3&Tfí uqyqK ^4&Tn ^fyj;a ;S&
weiqre fldg f.k we;'
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m%ia;=; uqyqK yd wm%ia;=; mshqu w;r iudk;ajh yÕjd

W;am;a;s ia:dkfhka muKla ta fol fjkia jk njg
yqÿ f;dr;=re ud;%hla muKla ±lajqKq neúka fï fNao
ud;% jH;sf¾lh hs'
wêl jH;sf¾lh
208' fkd m;a neu f,a yõ

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^8&.=Kfhka nn<hs'
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^1&ish¨ ^2&ñKs le,afuka ^fyj;a udKslH

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w÷re .kajkakd jQ" fhdjqka wh f.a ^5&fhdjqka nfjka
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tajdfha fjki jYfhka ±lafjkafka w÷r ñKs
le,afuka yd ßú /iska my j hk kuqÿ fhdjqka nj
kï w÷r tfia my j fkdhdu hs' fuf,i iudk
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idoDYH jH;sf¾lh hs'
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^fyj;a ia;=;sh iÕjd bÈßm;a l< neúka& fï ia;;= s ,j
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209
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268' fl<s o< ;e;a jrd - rK fjiays n| o hfula

;shg yels lsh in| fy - oyr ksß÷ iqß÷ n|
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210
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1' fm%ahia - m%sh;r jQ lshqï
2' rij;a - rifhka hq;= ùu
3' W!¾ciaù - wyxldrh m%lg lsÍu
211
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fm%ahia
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hfula6 wo3 f.dú÷1

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273' isis ysre ure forK - w. f;d .=jka yqkka hq;a

;fu ú,ilaue f;fk;a - lr ;eiaiuq ljr fuda
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rdc j¾uka kï rcq BYajrhd ±l m< l< Wodkhla

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ms<sn| j mj;akd jQ wêl m%sh Ndjhla m%lg jk neúka
fï fm%ahia w,xldrh hs'
212
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;sfk;d - fk;a ;=kla we;a;d" fufyiqrd fyj;a

BYajrhd
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274' ksÈgq fmr ñhqre - mK ri fuys úiU frdia

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^5&ùr" lreK" woaN=;" ydiH" Nhdkl" îN;ai heZhs fNao
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ñh; weh iuÕ1

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213
online books
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277' fkd ±k iy ihqre - forK fkdle/ uyyqkka

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215
online books
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mgi¿ h" ^4&u,a /i ^5&reisre wnrK h" ^6&.k w;=
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281' fu iqr rc úÿrú
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±ye ikak fy;a o f;f,
216
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fï iqr rc úÿre wú8

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iure;a È;a wÕfkda2 hula1
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283' fkd fõjd ìh ;d

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ms<s fkdmj;s ;ud l.
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218
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fuys wNsu; w¾:h kï m%ia;=; ia;%S mqreI fofokdg

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287' iy jkaksziska weh

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219
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lsh;a úh;a uy;afuda - Wod;a; fh;a fy fufia
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290' fkdj;a ú¨ ta rï - .=reyq jokszlafukakg

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^fyj;a mshrcq f.a& wK blaujkafka ke;s j Tyq mejiQ

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292' i÷ka isi ria ure - ol=Kq ù ug yq;eia ria
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222
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224
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wdldrhg u fomlaIhg w¾: .; yels neúka wNskak
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225
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297' Wjï je;sfrl rE

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226
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233
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234
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;=,Hfhda.s;d,xldr kï fõ' fuys ia;=;s ;=,Hfhda."
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314' ;=kqjÕkzÕ ii.
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.ry iufhda kue fh;a
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ñka fNao folla ^l%shd úfrdaO" øjH úfrdaO& i|yd
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238
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321' Wmoakd is;afkks
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239
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jHjys; ^ÿre& fyda wjHjys; ^kqÿre& jYfhka" moHfha
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1' jHjys; - wjHjys; jYfhka fNao folls'
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251
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mdo.; hulh hkqfjka fNao i;rls'
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fï m%:u-oaú;Sh-;D;Sh-p;=¾: mdodÈ jHfma; hulh hs'
341' ish,a wirK Èh - ;d fu irK mshqï isß
ijdfrka irK le/ - ù irK uq¿ Èhg yd
ish,a2 wirK1 Èh ;d fï3 irK mshqï5 isß4

iõ wdfrka irK le/6 ù9 irK8 uq¿ Èhg yd7
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^1&wirK jQ ^2&ish¨ ^3&f,dalhd Tn f.a fï ^4&isß ^5&md

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^8&irK ^9&ù h'
fuys irK hkak mdo i;frys u uOH ia:dkhkays

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f.a fï fomd ^5&weiqre lf<a h'
fuys irK hkak mdo i;frys u wka; ia:dkhkays

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;D;Sh-p;=¾: mdodka; jHfma; hulh hs'
343' ji; ji; l¨ka - Whk;ys ; <o jr,a

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fuys zji; ji;Z hkak m%:u mdoh wdrïNfha

wjHfma; j fh§ we;s neúka fï m%:u mdo.; wdÈ
wjHfma; hulh hs'
253
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344' i,d i÷ka i<, - ,nïks ;d remq mshka

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ìßhka& f.a ^10&urKh Wfoid ù h'
fuys isõ jk mdoh wdrïNfha z<Õ <ÕZ hkak

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^1&kqÿre ^fyj;a wjHfma;& hul fï f,iska ish¨ ueo

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Yío w,xldrh W;=ï fõ'
ÿre fyj;a jHfma; hulh uq," ueo" wjikays fhfok

wdldrh 340 - 342 .Sj,ska meyeÈ,s flßK' kqÿre
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wdldrh ms<sfj<ska 343" 344 .Sj,ska meyeÈ,s flßK'
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346' jkzka jkka ;jka - f;fjka msh,a ;jkafka

úreæ u,djk kj - ,l< jk uk l< jka
254
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jka wka jkka6 ;jka5

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,l< jk3 uk l< jka9
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jekafka h'
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hul" uqiqj ^fyj;a jHfma;-wjHfma; ,laIK ñY% j&
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o fõ'
348' mj;afk fufia ne÷ï

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lsú uÕ jqfjd;a fm/ lS
kshñks hq;a n÷;a fyd;a
mj;afka6 fï fia5 ne÷ï1

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kshñka8 hq;a10 n÷;a fyd;a9
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^7&lú uÕ ^ldjH ud¾.h& jqj fyd;a fm/ lS
^8&kshufhka ^9&n¢kafka kï ^10&iqÿiq h'
255
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hul ,laIKhg wkq.; j lú n¢kqfha fï lshQ

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349' mshqï ishqre fmfoka

tla mo muKzv muK
fkdfnfÊ hu wv fnfÊ
tneõks lõ fof,ia fõ
mshqï ishqre fmfoka1

tla mo muK wv muK2
fkdfnfÊ4 hu3 wv5 fnfÊ6
ta neõks lõ fof,ia fõ7
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^5&wvla ^6&weiqre lrhs' ^7&tneúka lúh fohdldr fõ'
fuys woyi meyeÈ,s ke;' fuys zlõ fof,ia fõZ

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lúfha w. fldgfiys jk hulh& hk fNao fol njg
u;hls' ;j o tu mdGfha zfof,ia fõZ hkak
zfodf<dia fõZ hkqfjka olajd we;s we;eï
ixialdrljreka fuu .Sfhka hul fNao fod<yla
lshefjk nj fmkajd fo;s' tajd kï"
1' tla mdohla hul fkdjk meÈ i;r
2' mdo folla hul fkdjk meÈ i;r
3' mdo ;=kla hul fkdjk meÈ i;r hk fod<y hs'
256
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tfy;a fï tla ú.%yhla j;a ksYaph lr .; fkdyels

;rug .Sh jHdl+, jk nj fmfka'
350' ;efkle hu ne|e tla

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n÷;= hud ish muK
;efkle hu ne|e3 tla1

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;efkl fh§fuka o ;j;a ;efkl fkdfh§fuka o
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351' kg;a kg;ays rka - .sß uqÿfk isÿ jñhka

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kg;a7 kg;ays rka3

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^7&kgk l, ^8&;ud ^9&fk;a m, ^fyj;a fk;a ,eîfï
M,h& ,oy'
257
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m%ia;=; rcq flfrys nh m;a jQ i;=rka ;u ksh;

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mdo.; wdÈ wjHfma; hulhg fya;= jk mßoafoks'
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ñys5 ñysr is;a1 kr3 mjr2 mjr isß bis,9S

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m%:u yd oaú;Sh mdo.; wdÈ wjHfma; hulhg fya;=
jk mßoafoks'
353' úhka úhka le/ ù - ;d m< f;o mj;aj;a

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úhka2 úhka le/6 ù11

;d m< f;o mj;aj;a1
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úIaKqg o jvd f;acia iïmkak jQfjl= ^hï rc

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fldg f.k jika jkafka îeÕfjkafka& tneúks'
fuys zúhka úhkaZ yd ziyia iyiaZ hk mo fh§ we;af;a
m%:u yd ;D;Sh mdo.; wdÈ wjHfma; hulhg fya;=
jk mßoafoks'
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l,;=re l< ;=reys5

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mer§u& .ek meiiqï lf<da h'
fuys § i;=rka msßi ;ud hqofhka jekiSug m;a ùu

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kegqulg iyNd.S ùug ,enqKq neúks'
fuys zl,;=re l,;=reZ" zkiq;a kiq;aZ" z;=re ;=reZ hk

mo fh§ we;af;a m%:u" oaú;Sh yd ;D;Sh mdo.; wdÈ
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^9$10&msúis l, ^11&hym;a jQ ^12&i| ^13&j; ^yd iudk&
jQjd h'
259
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fuu moHh fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy iy fyakamsgf.or

[dK;s,l hk ysñjreka f.a ishnia,lr ixialrKfha
muKla yuq jkakls' fuys w¾:fha o jHdl+,;d we;s
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mnj;aZ hkak yd isõ jk mdofha zi| j;a i| j;aZ
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zmnj;a mnj;a j;a - i| j;a i| j;a fid|Z hkafkys
zj;aZ hkak o jHfma; hulhg fya;= jk mßoafoka fh§
;sfí' ta wkqj fuys jkqfha ;D;Sh yd p;=¾: mdo.;
wjHfma;" jHfma; ñY% hul ,laIKhls'
356' ;=fklaks folaks fufia

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j;a fyd;a isõ mia jkska
uyd hud muK fõ
;=fklaks4 folaks3 fï fia1

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uyd hud muK fõ9
^1&fï wdldrfhka ^2&^fma<s& tllska" ^3&follska"

^4&;=klska ^fia u& ^5&uq¿ meÈfhka u o ^6&hq;= j ^7&i;r
fyda mia wl=ßka ^fkdfyd;a wl=re i;rlska fyda
mylska& ^8&jkafka kï ^9&uyd hulhg m%udKj;a fõ'
moHhl mdo tlla fyda lsysmhla fyda ish,a, u fyda

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ke;' we;eï ixialrKhkays fuys zuyd hudZ hkak
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ksrdl+, fkd fõ'
mßjD;a;s uyd hulh
357' ishqre mo mshqï - le/ tys hï fomola

lr;a hud tla jKska - fya jg uy hud fõ
260
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ishqre mo mshqï le/ tys hï fomola1

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^1&isõmo ne÷ï fldg ^fyj;a meÈh mdo y;rlska hq;= j
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uyd hul kï fõ'
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mßjD;a;s uyd hulh hs'
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^hk .ia& ù h'
fuys m<uq yd fojk mdo tl yd iudk j fh§ we;s
neúka fï m%:u yd oaú;Sh mdo.; mßjD;a;s uyd hulh
hs'
359' fkd tla jka jKia ù - ; úuka úis;a;ïys
fkd tla jka jkia ù - ;fu ish,a ñys u`vq¨
fkd tla jka jKia ù2 ;d úuka úis;a;ïys1
fkd5 tla jka4 jkia ù6 ;d fï ish,a ñys u`vq¨3
^1&Tn f.a úufkys ^fyj;a ueÿf¾& fjfiia is;a;ïys
^2&fkdfhla meyeu;a nj úh' ^3&Tn f.a fï ish¨
ñysu`v, ^4&iod ^fyj;a ksn| j& ^5$6&fkd jkia úh'
^fyj;a úkdY fkdù mej;sK'&
fuys jkqfha oaú;Sh ;D;Sh mdo.; mßjD;a;s uyd hulh
hs'
261
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jKia - jK ¬ wia" fuys wia hkak iajd¾:jdÖ

;oaê; m%;Hhla jYfhka o .; yels h'
ke;fyd;a wxY fyj;a fldgia hk
wre;ska o .; yels h' j¾KdxY hk
w¾:hg jvd j¾Kj;a nj fyj;a
meyeu;a nj hk wre; .e<fmk nj
fmfka'
360' .ejeisK ish,af,ka - m< k, jrK isfhka

m< k, jrK isfhka - ; fu kqjr o remqka mqr
.ejeisK6$11 ish,af,ka5$10
m<3 k,2 jrK isfhka4
m< k, jrK isfhka9
;d fï kqjr1 o8 remqka mqr7
^1&Tn f.a fï kqjr ^2&iq<Õ ^fuka& ^3&m<g jQ ^fyj;a

m%lg jQ& ^4&we;a msßfika ^5&yd;amiska ^6&.ejisK'
^7&i;=re k.rh ^8&o ^9&m< ^fyj;a lE,&" WK" ¨kqjrK
hk .ia /iska ^10&yd;amiska ^11&.ejisK'
fuys jkqfha oaú;Sh yd ;D;Sh mdo.; mßjD;a;s uyd

hulh hs'
361' tod ú,a mjqgq - if,<S ks,a j,d .ma

i|j;a mnj;a j;a - i| j;a mnj;a jQ
ta od ú,a mjqgq if,<S1 ks,a j,d .ma5

i|j;a2 mnj;a4 j;a3 i| j;a7 mn j;a6 jQ8
^1&ta Èkfha ú,g msúis §ma;su;a ^fyj;a f,<§ï iys;

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m%Ndj& jeÿKq ^7&i|j;la ^8&jQjd h'
fuys jkqfha ;D;Sh yd p;=¾: mdo.; mßjD;a;s uyd

hulh hs'
262
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iuqoa. hulh
362' mshqï ishqre fmfoka - ueoEjikays o fufia

n| iquq.= fkd nf|ysÿ - mo w;ays fkdn÷;a m;a
mshqï ishqre fmfoka ueoe wE wjikays o fï fia1

n| iquq.=" fkd n|" tys o mo w;ays fkdn÷;a m;a2
^1&meÈfhys i;r mdofhka ueo o" uq, ^fyj;a wdÈfhys&

yd wjikays o fï f,iska ^fyj;a mßjD;a;s hulfhys
lS mßoafoka& ^2&n|fyd;a iuqoa. hulh hs' ^fuys th&
fkdne¢K' ^fyj;a Bg ksoiqka olajd ke;' tys § o
^fyj;a iuqoa. hulfha o& mdo wjifkys ^hul&
fkdn÷;a fyd;a iqÿiq hs'
moHfha mdo i;r wfkHdakH jYfhka fol ne.ska

iudk jk fia ne£u iuqoa. hulfha ,laIKh hs' fuys
iuqoa. hulh fhfok tla wdldrhla jYfhka meyeÈ,s
fldg we;af;a moHfhys ueo fomdoh;a" uq, yd w. jk
fomdoh;a iudk f,i ne£u hs' fuys § o mdo wjidkh
hul fkdlsÍu iqÿiq nj lshd we;'
iuqoa. hulh i|yd w¾O hul" w¾OdNHdi hul hk
kï o jHjydr flf¾' tys fNao ;=kla olakg ,efí'
1' m%:u ;D;Sh yd oaú;Sh p;=¾: mdo.; iuqoa. hulh
2' m%:u oaú;Sh yd ;D;Sh p;=¾: mdo.; iuqoa. hulh
3' m%:u p;=¾: yd oaú;Sh ;D;Sh mdo.; iuqoa. hulh
mßjD;a;s hulfha § mdo folla muKla tlsfklg
iudk j fhfoa' tfy;a iuqoa. hulfha § mdo fol
ne.ska tlsfklg iudk jk fia moHh rpkd flf¾'
fï foflys we;s fjki th hs' iuqoa. hulh w¾O
hul kñka y÷kajkafka moHfha w¾Ohlska iuia;
moHh u iïmQ¾K jk neúks' mdo fol ne.ska iudk
jk ksid w¾:fhka fjkia jqj o rEmSh jYfhka olakg
,efnkafka fjkia f,i fhfok mdo folla muKs'
263
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my; ±lafjk lõis¿ñKs moHh m%:u ;D;Sh yd oaú;Sh

p;=¾: mdo.; iuqoa. hulhg kso¾Ykhls' th zmoHfha
wjidkh hul fkdfldg ;eìh hq;= hZ hk Í;shg
wkq.;j fkdue;s nj ie,lsh hq;= hs'
—uy¨ ñKs oeÿre ù - l÷¿ lel=¿ ù jkka

uy¨ ñKs oeÿre ù - l÷¿ lel=¿ ù jkka˜
uyd hul
363' mshqïys kka moka

mozjikzlr iuj;a
kka jeo yqka fkdfjkia
uy hu he fh;a fy fufia
mshqïys1 kka moka3

mo wjik wlr4 iu j;a7
kka je o5 yqka2 fkdfjkia6
uy hu he fh;a fya fï fia8
^1&meÈfhys ^2&msysá ^fyj;a we;s& ^3&fkdfhla mdohkays

^4&mdo wjidkfha we;s wl=r ^5&fjkia j ^fyj;a kd kd
úO j& o ^6&^wka mdo& fkdfjkia f,i ^7&iudk j o
j;a fyd;a ^8&uyd hul heZhs lsh;s' ta fï f,isks' û;=
inef|a'&
moHfha mdodjidkfha jk wlaIrh muKla fjkia

fldg fiiq fldgi mdo i;frys u iudk f,i fh§u
uyd hulfha ,laIKh hs' mdohka tlsfklska fjka
lsÍfï i,l=Kla jYfhka fyda uq¿ moHh u hul
jqjfyd;a w¾:h wjfndaO lr .ekSfï ÿIalr;d
ie,lSfuka fyda mdodjidkh fjkia l< hq;= heZhs
iïu;hla we;s lrkakg we;' uyd hulhg kso¾Yk
fufia h"
364' fkd ;ud ;ud uk - fkd ;ud ;ud uk jQ

fkd ;ud ;ud uk ù - fkd ;ud ;ud uk fia
264
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fkd3 ;d ud2 ;d ud uk1

fkd6 ;ud5 ;ud uk4 jQ7
fkd14 ;d ud ;d ud11 uk13 ù12
fkd ;ud9 ;ud uk8 fia10
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;eke;a;dg& udkhla ^9&ke;' ud ^10&fia jQ ^11&Tn f.a o
ud f.a o Tn h uu h ^12&lshd ^13&udkhla ^fkdfyd;a
is;Sula& ke;'
365' fu l,a jkkg l,a
fu l,a jkkg l,a ù
fu l,a jkkg l,a fia
fu l,a jkkg l,a fõ
fï l,a jkkg l,a1

fï l,a4 jk3 kg2 l,a ù5
fï l,a jkkg l,a fia6
fï l,a jkkg l,a fõ7
^1&jeis l, jkhg hym;a h' ^fyj;a l,H h'& ^2$3&my
jQ ^fyj;a keiqKq& úry we;s whg ^fyj;a tla j isák
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ld,h úrySkag kï urejd ^fyj;a ld,hd& jeks h'
^7&jeis ld,h ^fyj;a fufia jQ ld,h& jekSug ^fyj;a
j¾Kkd lsÍug& iqÿiq fjhs'
ikaoIag hulh
366' jfKlaks hï mo
wjika le/ t fu jKska
<Õ fmfoysÿ l< mgka
i|g hu fh;a fy fufia
jfKlaks2 hï1 mo3
wjika le/ tue jKska4
<Õ fmfoys o5 l<7 mgka6
i|g hu fh;a fya fï fia8
265
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^1&hï ^2&wl=rlska ^3&mo ^4&wjika lr tu wl=ßka u

^5&<Õ we;s ^fyj;a wdikak& mdofhys o ^6&werUqu
^7&l< fyd;a ^8&i|g hu ^fyj;a ikaoIag hul heZhs
lsh;a'& th fï whqßks' û;= inef|a'&
ta tla tla mdoh wjika lrk j¾Kfhka ^wl=rej,ska

fyj;a jpkfhka& B<Õ mdoh o wdrïN lsÍu ikaoIag
hulfha ,laIKh hs' kso¾Yk fufia h"
367' Èáï ;d jkjqka - kjqka iqrka Èh.=jka

.=jka úu,a uyre jka - rejka úuka oyï .;a
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^3&oyï ms<s.;a ^4&Tn jeks jQ ^5&iqr ^6&khqjka ^fyj;a
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fuys m<uq mdoh wjika jk kjqka hka j¾Kj,ska

fojk mdoh o" fojk mdoh wjika jk .=jka hkafkka
;=ka jk mdoh o" ;=ka jk mdoh wjika jk rejka
hkafkka isõ jk mdoh o wrUd ;sfnkq ±l .; yels
h' fufia miq mdohkays wdrïNhka úiska fmr mdohkays
wjidkhka veye .kq ,eîu ikaoIag hulfha ,laIKh
hs'
Ñ;% nkaOk
368' yUd tla fojKska - wv n÷;=ÿ lõys h<
jfKlaksÿ tla flj, - m<g w;a l< fy fufia
yUd2 tla fo jKska1

wv n÷;a o4 lõys3 h<5
jfKlska o8 tla7 flaj,6
m<g9 w;a11 l<10 fya fï fia12
266
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^1&yqÿ fo wl=rlska ^fyj;a tl u wl=re follska&

^2&wrUd ^3&lúfhys ^4&wvla n÷;a fyd;a ^fyj;a
n|skafka kï& o" ^5&kej; ^6&yqÿ ^;ks fyj;a flaj,&
^7&tla ^8&wl=rlska ^n|skafka kï& o ^9&m<g ^fyj;a
m%lg& ^10&l<d jQ ^11&wre;a we;s ^12&tu ^nkaOkh& fï
fï lshd we;af;a Ñ;% nkaOk .ek hs' lúfha w¾Ohla

j;a lsis hï tla wl=rla fyda wl=re lsysmhla fyda
muKla weiqre fldg f.k rpkd fldg we;akï th
Ñ;% nkaOk hg;g .efka' taldlaIr nkaOk" oajHlaIr
nkaOk wdÈh ksoiqka fõ' tfy;a wl=re y;rlg jvd
weiqre fldg f.k we;s meÈ fï Ñ;% nkaOk jYfhka
fkdie,fla'
Ñ;%" hul" Yaf,aI wdÈfha § tajd nkaOkfha ÿIalr;dj
i,ld wlaIr úkHdi wdÈ jHdlrKdx. ms<sn| j ;rula
,sys,a m%;m
s ;a;shla wkq.ukh lsÍug lùka mqreÿ j isá
nj o fmfka'
p;=rdlaIr Ñ;% nkaOkh
369' ;kkd ;kka ;=kq - ;=kq ks;af;ka f;kd ;S

reisre isß iqre ird - isis ria fia ird isß
;kkd ;kka3 ;=kq ;=kq1 ks;af;ka f;kd8 ;S2

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isßfhka ^wdYap¾h iajrEmfhka fyj;a mqÿu Wmojk
fidndfjka& hq;= jQ" ^6&rEu;a jQ ^7&mshqfuys isßh
^8&ksr;=re j fidrd .kS'
fuu .Sfha m<uq fofm< ;" k hk wl=re fol muKla
weiqre fldg .ksñka o" miq fofm< i" r wl=re fol
muKla weiqre fldg .ksñka o rpkd lr we;s neúka
fï p;=rdlaIr Ñ;% nkaOkh hs'
267
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;%HlaIr hul
370' fkdkq kEhd fkdkE - jkqfha jejqjd jqkq

kka fkdkE kE fõ - úh jQjd jefõjd
fkd ^w&kq kEhd fkdkE jkqfha jejqjd jQ ^w&kq1

kka fkdkE kE fõ úh jQjd jefõjd2
^1&zwkql+, fkdjQ kEhd fkdkEfhla jkafka h' ÈhqKqj

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fuu .Sh ,sheù we;af;a k" j" h hk wl=re ;=k

muKla weiqre fldg .ksñks' tfyhska ;%HlaIr hul
hs'
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371' kj jq kka fjfkka

fkd fjka je fka kS jka
jk kska jeõ jdfkka
ksúks fjfkka jefjkqjd
kj jq kka fjfkka1
fkd fjka je2 fka kS4 jka3
jk5 kska7 jeõ jdfkka6
ksúks8 fjfkka jefjkqjd9
^1&w¨;a jQ fkdfhla jkfhka ^2&fkdfjkia j ^3&msúis

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^7&kslañK' ^8&f.dúhks" ^9&ta Èfhka ^10&jefv;ajd'
taldlaIr Ñ;% nkaOkh
372' kd kS kq fka kS - kS kd kq kd kS fkd

fkda kqkd fka kd - kS kS kqkka kkakS
268
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kd4 kS ^w&kq fka kS1

kS kd3 ^w&kq2 kd5 kS6 fkd7
fkda12 kqkd8 fka kd9
kS kS ^w&kq ^w&ka kka10 kS11
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^5&khska o ^6&f.k hkafka h' ^7$8&fkd wvq ^fyj;a
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jQ wka fkdfhl=;a wh o ^11&f.k hkafka ^12&fkd fõ
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fuu .Sh kZ wlaIrh muKla weiqre fldg .ksñka

rpkd fldg we;s neúka fï taldlaIr Ñ;% nkaOkhls'
373' fmr fofmfoka fmreï - mo tlaks tl olajd

l<zka kshßka wvhu - hud kshr mehsï fufia
fmr fofmfoka fmreï1

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l<6 wka kshßka5 wvhu7
hud kshr3 mehsï9 fï fia8
^1&fmr mdo foflka yd miq ^fyj;a wmr& ^2&mdo

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^7&w¾O hul o ^8&fï f,iska ^9&lshd mEfjñ'
l;=jrhd" mQ¾jfha ;ud ú.%y l< hul fNaohkays fmdÿ

,laIK ms<sn| iudf,dapkh lrk w;r u ó<Õ
.Sfhka mjik hul l%u .ek o ñka mjid we;'
374' ms<sf,dï y;a nÿre

ñysÕ= nykqÿ f.dauq;a
ke; o nef|k mshqïfkka
mshqï ila ,la mEfhï
269
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ms<sf,dï y;a nÿre1

ñysÕ= nyka o3 f.dauq;a2
ke; o5 nef|k7 mshqïfkka6
mshqï ila4 ,la mEfhï8
^1&m%;sf,dau" i¾jf;daNø" ^2&f.dauq;%sld" ^3&uqrc nkaOk
^hk hul& o ^4&moau nkaOk o" pl% nkaOk o ^5&fuys
mjid ke;s kuqÿ ^6&meÈfhka ^7&nef|kakd jQ
^8&^hulhkays& ,laIK ±lajQfhñ'
l;=jrhd ú.%y l< hul ,laIKj,ska mßndysr jQ ;j;a
ÿIalr nkaOk l%u lsym s hla ms<sn| j fuys kdñl j
olajd we;' ^fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy yd fyakamsgf.or
[dK;s,l hk ysñjreka f.a ishnia,lr úia;r
j¾Kkdfjys fulS hul fNao i|yd ksoiqka yd Ñ;%
igyka bÈßm;a fldg ;sfí'&
375' kg ìh uÕ uÕk - mr jeve ;uka jev l<

;uka ksjqKq is;a hq;a - lsúkg fune÷ï fhfoa
kg ìh1 uÕ uÕk3 mr jeve2 ;uka jev l<4
;uka ksjqKq is;a hq;a lsúkg fï ne÷ï fhfoa5
^1&my jQ ìh we;s" ^2&wkqka f.a ÈhqKqjg ^fyj;a

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iekiqKq is;a we;s lùkag u fï ^hul& ne÷ï .e<fma'
m%úfõlS ukilska hq;= jQ" Wodr woyia we;s Wiia lùka

úIhfhys hul nkaOk id¾:l úh yels jqj;a ienE
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wdOqkslhkag thska id¾:l m%;sM, ,o fkdyels nj
lúhd fuhska woyia l< nj fmfka' ÿIalr jQ hul
nkaOk hkq fjku u m%.=K l< hq;= YslaIKhls' thska
f;dr jQjka yqfola hul l%uh ±k.;a muKska u
id¾:l hul nkaOkhla ìys jkafka ke;'
376' fmkqKq neúka fufia - lú .=K iuÕ fï uÕ
ish,a jiï ne÷ïys ÿ - lsúka msh,a jkq fhfoa
270
online books
fmkqKq neúka3 fï fia2 lú .=K iuÕ fï uÕ1

ish,a jiï ne÷ïys o lsúka msh,a jkq fhfoa4
^1&ldjH .=K iuÕ fï uÕ o ^2&fï f,iska ^3&±lajqKq

neúka ^4&ish¨ úIu nkaOkj, § lùka m%n, ùu
uekú'
ldjH .=Khkag ydkshla fkdjk fia úIu nkaOk"

tkï hul" Ñ;%" m%fya,sld wdÈh fhÈh hq;= h' tys §
lùka f.a m%n,;ajh b;d jeo.;a h' ukao h;a ;uka
f.a Ys,amSh olaI;djla lshd mEu i|yd wdhdifhka tn÷
,laIK fh§ug jvd ldjHfha w¾:h yd rih flf¾
bjy,a jk fia tu ,laIK fh§ug lúhd j. n,d .;
hq;= jk neúks'
ldjH fodaI
377' fkd in| is÷ï yqka - úreo;a tl;a nqkai|

fkd iqio fkd ms<sfj< yd - iels foiE úreÿ ÿ
fkd in| is÷ï yqka1

úreo;a tla w;a nqkai|2
fkd iqio fkd ms<sfj<3 yd5
iels4 foia wE úreo o6
^1&wiïnkaO ^fyj;a wmd¾:&" h;sN%Iag" ^2&úreoaOd¾:"
tald¾:" Nskak jD;a; ^fyj;a Nskak Pkaoia&" ^3&YíoySk
^fyj;a wmYío&" wml%u" ^4&iYxih ^fyj;a Yxld&
^5&iy ^6&foaY wdÈ úfrdaOh o û;= inef|a'&
378' lsúka fï kj fodia
lsú lue mshkakg hq;a
fkdin| fuys Wu;= u;a
n,akg uq;zkqzkg fodia
lsúka2 fï kj fodia1
lsú lue mshkakg hq;a3
fkdin|5 fuys4 Wu;= u;a6
n,akg uq;a wka Wkag fodia7
271
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^1&fï kjhla jQ fodia ^2&lùka ^3&lúlfuys § ^fyj;a

lú ,sùfï §& ÿre l< hq;= h' ^4&fuys ^5&wiïnkaO
fodaIh ^6&Wu;=" u;a yd ^7&nd, whg ñi wka whg fodia
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fodaI hkq ldjHfha w¾:h yd rih kik lreKq h"
tkï .=K kï ldjHdx.hg m%;súreoaO ,laIKh hs'
ldjHdo¾Yfha fodaI oyhla olajd ;snqK;a tys jQ
úikaêl fodaIh l;=jrhd neyer fldg we;'
ixialD;fha ikaê l< hq;= mo úikaêfhka ;eîu
fodaIhla jqj;a isxy, ldjHhkays § ikaê úl,am
jHdlrKdx.hls' ikaê lsÍu wksjd¾h ke;' ;udg
leu;s kï muKla isÿ l< yels h' fï fya;=fjka
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281
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fyj;a f,dalfha meje;au iuÕska o ne£ we;' tu wd.u
ms<s.;a;;a ke;;a wd.ñl kHdhhka fjkia l<
fkdyels h' wd.u weoySu ;=< we;af;a th ms<smÈk
whg muKla idOdrK jQ lreKq h' fukhska .;a l,
fuys jkqfha wd.ï úfrdaOh fkdj kHdh úfrdaOh hs'
ó<Õg tk .Sh wd.u úfrdaOh i|yd kso¾Ykhls' bka
mejfikqfha yqfola nuqKq wd.fuys tk úYajdihlg
mgyeks j .sh woyils' tneúka we;euqka th kHdh
úfrdaOh jYfhka fmkajd §u idjoH fõ'
wd.u úfrdaOh
393' fkd l< ilr lï - oo ms;a fjo yodrd
mshú jr msßiqÿ ms<s - ñKshg ilr lï l=ï
282
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fkd l<2 ilr lï1 oo ms;a fjo yodrd3

mshú jr msßiqÿ ms<s ñKshg ilr lï l=ï4
^1&ilr lï îeliqï lï fyj;a ixialdr l¾u& ^2&fkd

l< ^3&nuqKq mq;= fõoh yodrhs' ^4&fidndfjka u
^fyj;a m%lD;sfhka u& W;=ï jQ msßiqÿ jQ m<sÕ= ueKslg
^fyj;a iaMál udKslHhg& ilia lsÍfï lghq;= l=ug
o@
mQk kQ, me,|ùu fyj;a Wmkhk l¾uh isÿ fkdl<
orejl=g fõoh W.ekaùu nuqKq oyug úreoaO h'
tfyhska fuys jkqfha wd.u úfrdaOh hs'
foaY úfrdaO wNdjh
394' t rcyq mska f;Èka - isßir ù Tyq Whka

úis;=re j;=re m¨ m;a - wisß iqr;=re isfhka
ta rcyq mska f;Èka1 isßir ù5 Tyq Whka2
úis;=re j;=re m¨ m;a3 wisß6 iqr;=re isfhka4
^1&ta rcq f.a mska f;Èka ^2&Tyq f.a Whk ^3&úis;=re
i¿ms<s kï o¨ m;a iys; ^4&iqr ;=re ^fyj;a foõ f,dj
we;s .ia& ishfhka ^fyj;a rdYsfhka& ^5&isßir ù h'
^6&wisßu;a h'
foõ f,dj we;s isßh ukq f,dj isák rcl= f.a
Whfkys j¾Kkd lsÍu foaY úfrdaOhg fya;= jqj;a
fuys zta rcq f.a mska f;ÈkaZ tfia jQ nj ±laùu
fya;=fjka foaY úfrdaO fodaIh my j f.dia we;'
ld, úfrdaO wNdjh
395' fldf<dU jk frdka bys - lmjk i;am;a l=iqï
yÕjk jkia ksß÷ka - yeisßKs lel=¿ fu mjk
fldf<dU jk frdka bys1
lmjk3 i;am;a l=iqï2
yÕjk6 jkia5 ksß÷ka4
yeisßKs8 lel=¿ fï mjk7
283
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^1&fldf<dï ^fyj;a loïn& jkfha frdka ^fyj;a

frfyKq& iuÕ ^2&rela w;a;k ^fyj;a ima;m¾Ks&
^3&fjjq,jkakd jQ ^fyj;a lïmd lrjkakd jQ& ^4&rcqka
f.a ^5&jekiSu ^6&yÕjkakd jQ ^7&lgql jQ fï iq<Õ
^8&yeisrefKa h' ^fyj;a ießierefõ h'&
fldf<dï .iaj, u,a msfmkqfha jeis ld,fha h'

relal;a;k u,a msfmkqfha ir;a ld,fha h' ld, foll
msfmk u,a tlu úg msmS we;s nj lSu ld, úfrdaOhg
fya;= jqj;a fuys ksß÷ka jkia ^úkdYh& yÕjk iq<Õg
tajd yiq jQ nj lSu ksid tu fodaIh uÕ yef¾' ljr
lf,l msfmk u,a jqj;a tlS lgql jQ iq<Õg yiq jQ
nj;a rcq f.a úkdih ksh; fÄojdplhla nj;a ta
fya;=fjka yefÕa' fukhska .;a l, fuh ld,
úfrdaOhg yiq fkdjqKq úfYaI w¾:hla f,i
idOdrKSlrKh l< yels fõ'
l,d úfrdaO wNdjh
396' oj; fio fyda ú,s - keÕs ìhm;a jñhka

ñfhka jiï ,sh .S - ri okakka jeã rd
oj;3 fio2 fyda ú,s1 keÕs6 ìhm;a jñhka4

ñfhka5 jiï ,sh .S ri okakka7 jeã9 rd8
^1&Wkais,a,dj ^2&jyd ^3&ÿjk l,ays ^4&ìhm;a ,shka f.a

^5&uqúka ^6&keÕ=Kq ^7&úiu ,sh .S ^fyj;a ,hdkaú; .S;&
ri okakka ^rij;=ka fyj;a ri{hka& f.a ^8&kqrdj
^9&jeã h'
úiu f,i tkï ;d,h" Y%e;sh" w,xldr wdÈh jrojñka

.hkakd jQ ,sh .S kqrd rih Wmojk nj lSu l,djg
úreoaO jqj;a fuys § ´ú,af,ys isáñka ìhm;a wÕkqka
.hk tjeks .S; rij;=ka ^fyj;a ldó ckhd& ;=<
wkqrd.h j¾Okh l< nj mejiSu fya;=fjka úfrdaOh
uÕ yef¾' .dhkh úiu jqj;a fuys § m%ia;=; mqreIhka
f.a is;a we§ f.dia we;af;a tu ia;%Ska f.a ukrï
lgy`vg nj meyeÈ,s h'
284
online books
f,dal úfrdaO wNdjh
397' úhjq,a l,a úfhda - uk ji i|g jeä l,a

i| rig o jvd w. - isy, s ehs fo;d i,ld
úhjq,a2 l,a úfhda1 uk ji i|g jeä l,a3

i| rig o jvd5 w.4 isy, s ehs fo;d i,ld6
^1&l; flfrka fjka ùfuka ^2&úhjq,a jQ ^3&is;a we;s

;eke;a;d ji ^fyj;a úI& i|g jvd hym;a heZhs o"
^4&.skak ^fyj;a w.aksh& ^5&i| /ig o jvd ^6&isys,ia
heZhs o ksh; f,i u ^taldka;fhka u fyj;a
w;H¾:fhka u& i,lhs'
ji i|g jvd hym;a nj iy .skak thg jvd isis,ia

nj lSu f,dal úfrdaOhlg fya;= fj;;a fuys § úryS
mqreIfhl= iïnkaOfhka tu w¾:hka bÈßm;a flreKq
fyhska f,dal úfrdaOh uÕ yef¾'
kHdh úfrdaO wNdjh
398' wmuK muK je o - fmfkñkqÿ fkdfmfkkq jQ

tl;au je o fkd tla jQ - kulr ish,a fjia ;g
wmuK2 muK je o1
fmfkñka o fkdfmfkkq4 jQ3$5
tla w;au je o fkd tla jQ6
kulr8 ish,a fjia ;g7
^1&muK jqj o" ^2&^.=Kfhka& wmuK ^3&jQ" ^4&fmkqK o

^;;a;ajfhka& fkdfmfkkakd ^5&jQ" ^6&îajNdjfhka&
tla w;a núka ^fyj;a wd;au Ndjfhka& hq;= jqj o
^wjia:d fNaohg wkqj& fkdfhla jQ" ^7&ish¨ fjia we;s
;eke;a;dfKks" ^fyj;a il, uQ¾;s iys; jQ
n%yauhdfKks"& Tng ^8&kuialdr fõjd'
m<uq j muK jk nj lshd miq j wmuK nj lSu o"
fmfkk nj uq,ska lshd kej; fkdfmfkk nj lSu o"
tla w;a núka hq;= nj lshd h<s fkdfhla jQ w;a núka
285
online books
hq;= nj mejiSu o fya;= úoHdjg fyj;a kHdhg úreoaO

nj fmfk;;a n%yau foúhka i;= úfYaI;d uq,a fldg
.ksñka tfia mjid we;s neúka fodaIh uÕ yef¾'
wd.u úfrdaO wNdjh
399' mia m`ä iq;ka tla - l,;=re jQ fodfrdn kï
me;skshkg w. jQ - fu f,is foúhka ksmeÿï
mia m`ä iq;ka tla l,;=re jQ fodfrdn kï1

me;skshkg w. jQ2 fï f,is4 foúhka ksmeÿï3
^1&m[ap mdKavj ^fyj;a mia m`ä& mq;=ka f.a tl u

ìßh ^fyj;a l,;%hd& jQ fø!m§ kï ^ìij&
^2&m;skshkag w. ^fyj;a w.%& jQjd h' ^3&foúhka f.a
ksme§u ^fyj;a ksIam;a;h
s & ^4&fï f,isks'
uyd Ndr;hg wkqj fø!mÈh hkq m[ap mdKavjhka f.a

fyj;a m`ä rcq f.a mq;=ka mia fokd f.a iudk Nd¾hdj
hs' ^fyj;a yjq,a ìßh hs'& weh m;sjD;a;djl ^fyj;a
m;sj; /ls <|l& jYfhka m%lg h' fuys § mia
fofkl=g yjq,a ìßhl jQ ;eke;a;sh m;sj;shka w;r
w. ;eka m;a nj lSu O¾u úfrdaOhg fya;= fj;;a
zfoúhka f.a ksmeÿï fï f,i heZhs ±laùu fya;f = jka
fodaIh uÕ yef¾'
w¾: fNaoh
400' fmfkk;a w;a fnf,ka

tk wre;=ÿ io;= fol
hï io ijkf;ys fy;
yefÕkq fmfkk; kï fõ
fmfkk w;a w;a fnf,ka1

tk wre;a o io w;a fol2
hï io ijkf;ys fy;3
yefÕkq fmfkk w; kï fõ4
286
online books
^1&fmfkk wre; o wref;ys n,fhka ^2&tk wre; o

^hk& Yíod¾: ^fyj;a jpkj, we;s w¾:& folska ^3&hï
Yíohla ^fyj;a jpkhla& ijkf;ys jefg;a u
^4&yefÕkqfha fmfkk wre; kï fõ'
l;=jrhd fuys § jpkj, w¾: fNaoh ms<sn| j

idlÉPd lrhs' ldjHdo¾Yfha i|yka f;dr;=re bÈßm;a
lsÍfuka fkdkj;sk Tyq ishnia,lr rpkd lrk úg
,sheù ;snqKq fjk;a ixialD; .%ka:hkays wka;¾.; jQ
lreKq ms<sn| j o wjOdkh fhduq l< nj fuhska
meyeÈ,s fõ' ishnia,lr ,shefjk wjêh jk úg èjks
jdoh o Ndr;fha fndfyda m%lg j ;snqKq nj fmfka'
l;=jrhd bÈßm;a lrk fuu f;dr;=re Rcq f,i u
iïnkaO jkqfha èjks jdoh iuÕsks' fuu .Sfhys
±lafjk wdldrhg Yíohkays fyj;a jpkj, w¾:
m%fNao folls'
1' fmfkk w¾:h ôDYHd¾:h&
2' w¾: n,fhka tk w¾:h ^èjks;d¾:h&
fmfkk w¾:h hkq Yíohla lk jel=Kq ú.iska
^jpkhla weiqKq muKska& wjfndaO jk wre; hs' fkd
tfia kï jpkfha u;=msg w¾:h hs' fojeks j lS w¾:
n,fhka tk w¾:h ó<Õ .Sfhka meyeÈ,s flfrhs'
401' fjk fjk ÿgq iÈka

n|fkõ mykska fmfkk
±fkk wkqfufkkzre;g
w;a fnf,fkkre;a úh;a
fjk2 fjk5 ÿgq iÈka4

n|k tõ3 mykska fmfkk1
±fkk7 wkqfufkka6 wre;g8
w;a fnf,ka tk wre;a úh;a9
^1&mykska ^fyj;a myfka t<sh fya;=fjka& fmfkk

^2&fjk;a ^3&n÷kla fuka ^4&fmkqKq Yíofhka ^fyj;a
jpkfhka& ^5&fjkia jQ ^6&wkqudkfhka ^7&±fkk
^8&wre;g ^9&w¾: n,fhka tk wre; heZhs lsh;a'
287
online books
myfka t<sh fya;=fjka olskakg ,efnk ;j;a

jia;=jla fuka jpkfha u;=msg w¾:h uq,a fldg
.ksñka ;j;a w¾:hla fj; /f.k hdu w¾: n,fhka
tk w¾:fha § fyj;a èjks;d¾:fha § ^jHx.Hd¾:fha §&
isÿ fõ' èjks;d¾:h o jdpHd¾:h weiqre fldg .ksñka
okjk wre;la nj fuys § l;=jrhd th meyeÈ,s
lsÍug fhdod .;a zmyfka wdf,dalfhka olsk fjk;a
jia;=jlaZ hk Wmudfjka meyeÈ,s fõ' myfka
wdf,dalh kï jpkd¾:h hs' th uq,a fldg .ksñka
olskakd jQ fjk;a jia;=jla hkqfjka fuys y÷kajd
we;af;a jHx.Hd¾:h hs' ta wkqj jdpHd¾:fhka f;dr j
jHx.Hd¾:h ,eìh fkdyels h' jHx.Hd¾:h fj; .uka
lsÍfï jdylh jdpHd¾:h hs' tfy;a wod< jia;=j ±l
.ekSfuka blaì;s mykska jk ld¾hh wjika jk fia
jHx.Hd¾:h wjfndaO lr .ekSu;a iuÕ u jdpHd¾:fha
ld¾hh wjika fõ' jdpHd¾:h yd jHx.Hd¾:h i|yd
kso¾Yk fufia h"
402' z;=uq,a isre/;s fï
oyj,a n; fkd nqÈZ h;
oyj,a fkdlkq fmfkk;
? ì;a fnf,fkk wre;a
z;=uq,a isrer we;s fï1
oyj,a n; fkd nqÈZ h;2
oyj,a fkdlkq fmfkk w;3
? ì;a fnf,ka tk wre;a4
^1&zuy;a isrer we;s fï ;eke;a;d ^2&oyj,a n; fkd
lhs'Z ^Èjd wdydrh fkd .kS'& lsh;a fyd;a ^3&oyj,a n;
fkd lEu fmfkk wre; hs' ^4&? lEu ^fyj;a rd;%sfha
wkqNj lrk nj& w¾: n,fhka tk wre; hs'
zfudyq oyj,a fkd lhs'Z hkqfjka lshQ úg thska w¾:
folla .; yels fõ' fmfkk wre; û;=msg
w¾:h$oDYHd¾:h$jdpHd¾:h$m%ldYudk w¾:h& kï
zojd,g fkdlk njZ hs' w¾: n,fhka tk wre;
^jHx.Hd¾:h$ èjks;d¾:h$ yeÕfjk wre;$ ±kfjk
wre;$ .uHudk w¾:h$ .uHd¾:h$ m%;S;d¾:h& kï
288
online books
z/fhys lk njZ hs' NdIdfõ we;s m%Odk w¾: fNaohla

f,i i,ld l;=jrhd fuf,i fmfkk wre; yd wre;a
n,fhka tk wre; hk fol bÈßm;a fldg ;sfí'
403' jiï m,Õ foila - ,. uy lõ we¢kafuys
meK iiÕ ,o ok yg - Wj jQ jiï i. fï
jiï m,Õ foila2 ,.4 uy lõ1 we¢kafuys3
meK iiÕ ,o ok yg Wj jQ5 jiï i.7 fï6
^1&uy lõys ^2&úiu ne÷ïj, tla foila ^fldgila
fyj;a talfoaYhla& ^3&w÷kd .ekSfuys ^4&we¨Kd jQ
^5&kqjK yd tlaùu ,oaod jQ ^fyj;a m%{dj yd ixi¾.h
,oaod jQ& okkayg Woõ jQ ^6&fuh ^7&jiï i. ^úIu
i¾.h& hs'
l¾;D f.a m%d¾:kh
404' ,l=Kq mK w; i| - ,lr o Ti< tla foia

fnd<| ;ud fu jokqÿ - yqÿ mrjefvys fõjd
,l=Kq mK w; i| ,lr o1 Ti<3 tla foia2

fnd<|5 ;ud fï4 joka o yqÿ mrjefvys fõjd6
^1&ldjH ,laIK ^fyj;a lõ ,l=Kq&" m%dK" w¾:

^w,xldr& yd Yío w,xldr o ^2&tla foilska ^tal
foaYhlska fyj;a fldgilska& ^3&/ia flreKq ^4&uf.a
fï ^5&fnd<| ^6&joka o yqÿ mrjefvys u ^fyj;a
;kslr u wkqka f.a ÈhqKqj Wfoid u& fõjd'
405' j<| je i;a f,djg

i| ñÿ¨ ÿ uy;afuda
myka fufkka mj;akg
flfr;a kq uk msksoyka
j<| je5 i;a f,djg4
i| ñÿ¨ o2 uy;afuda1
myka fufkka3 mj;akg6
flfr;a kq8 uk msksoyka7
289
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^1&W;=fuda ^2&^;u& i| ñÿ¨ o ^3&myka ^fyj;a meyeÿKq&

is;ska ^4&i;a;aj f,dalhg ^5&j<¢kq ,nkakla j
^6&mj;skakg ^7&isf;ys ord .ekSu ûkfiys ukdj
ksoka lsÍu fyj;a ufkdam%KsOdkh& ^8&lrkafkda
fkdfj;a o@
W;=fuda W;=ï me;=ï Wfoid ;u i| ñÿ¨ mjd isf;ys

i;=áka oka fo;s' ta wkqj ;uka f.a fï fnd<| joka
^fyj;a ishnia,lr kï .%ka:h& fyda wkqka f.a hym;
Wfoid fya;= fõjdZhs l;=jrhd m%d¾:kd lrhs'
i| ñÿ¨ - YÍrfha ikaê ia:dk we;=<; ;sfnk

lsKsysß ,dgq jeks fnf,iq,a øjHh
l¾;D ikao¾Ykh
406' lsú .=K ueK uf|dia - ksfodia ue;s isß ksfjia

l< ;e;sfkl;au ;ud - wur.sß liqnq ;=ud
lsú .=K ueK uf|dia ksfodia ue;s isß ksfjia1
l< ;e;ska5 tl w;au3 ;ud2 wur.sß liqnq ;=ud4
^1&ldjH .=K kue;s ueKslaj,g lr`vq ^fyj;a uxcqid&
jQ ksfodia weu;s isßhg ksfji jQ ^2&ud yd ^3&tl mK
jeks jQ ^fyj;a tald;au jQ& ^4&wur.sß liqnq kï W;=ud
^5&l<d jQ W;aidyfhka û;= inef|a'&
407' isßu;a fika úh;a - ñKs riaks lsre¿ fu .;a
meyehq jia fiai;a lsia - ksß÷ lf<a i,fujka
isßu;a1 fika3 úh;a2

ñKs riaks5 lsre¿4 fï .;a10
meyehq jia7 fiai;a lsia6
ksß÷9 lf<a11 i,fujka8
^1&isßu;a jQ ^2&keKj;a ^3&fikÕ we;s ^4&Tgqkq ^5&ñKs
/iska fiai;a l=i ^6&meyeojQ ^7&l=,h ^fyj;a jxYh&
we;s ^8&i,fujka ^fyj;a Ys,dfï>j¾K& ^9&rc;=ud
^10&fï .; ^fyj;a .%ka:h& ^11&lf<a h'
290
online books
we;eï ixialrKj, zi,fujkaZ hkak i|yka

flfrkqfha zi,fufikaZ hkqfjks' ta wkqj
Ys,dfï>fiak hkqfjka Bg wre;a Èh yels fõ'
fiai;a l=i - Yafõ; P;%h hkq iqÿ l=vh hs' l=laIsh

hkq tys wNHka;rh hs' tu ixialD;
jpk fol fï f,i isxy,hg ì|f.k
;sfí'
.%ka: m%udKh
408' úis;=re oi mKska
,lr ñKe;a uy huE
,lfrys isõ ishzg lõ
úis;=re2 oi mKska1
,lr ñKs3 we;a5 uy hu wE4
kj fodia hQ fï ishnia6
,lfrys isõ ish wg lõ7
^1&oi mKska ^fyj;a oY m%dKfhka& ^2&úis;=re jQ

^3&w,xldr kï ueKsla" ^4&uyd hul wdÈh ^5&we;a;d jQ
^6&kj fodia mjikq ,enQ fï ishnia ^7&,lfrys ydr
iSh wgla lú fõ'
291

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ishnia,lr w¾: §mkS

le,Ksh úYajúoHd,fha isxy,dxYfha lÓldpd¾h"

l¾;D f.a fjk;a lD;s

Ydia;%Sh yd úpdrd;aul lD;s

ishnia,lr w¾: §mkS

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bl=;a Èk lsysmfhys fuka u wo o ;=ka yeúßÈ ;;air mq;=

fï jif¾ ud¾;= udifha § fï l¾;jHh ud wdrïN lf<a

ishnia,lr §mkS" ù' ã' tia' .=Kj¾Ok" iuhj¾Ok" fld<U" 2003

ishnia,lr újrKh" f,a,aj, isßksjdi ysñ" fnka;r Oïufiak

ishnia,lr újrej" ieìfy<" w,õbis" .=Kfiak" fld<U" 1963

ishnia,lr úia;r j¾Kkdj" fyakamsgf.or [dKiSy ysñ"

hk .%ka: o ta w;r fõ' tu tla tla .%ka: iïnkaOfhka

rpkd l< úoaj;=ka ixialD;h weiqre fldg .;a ÿIalr NdIdjlska

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ta ta .S iïnkaOfhka jeäÿrg;a mejish hq;= hï w¾:hla

yeu .Shl § u mdGdka;r ±laùug ^fyj;a ta ta

neúks' tfia o jqj;a fjkia mdG uÕska úfYaI jeo.;alulska hq;=

wm úiska ñka fmr ,shk ,o ie<,sysKsh w¾: §mkS"

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uf.a lghq;= fjkqfjka ksn| WmldÍ jk m%sh ìß|;a"

wdpd¾h ìfyaIa bkaÈl iïm;a

ishnia,lr ±kg yuq jk merKs;u isxy,

isxy, NdIdfõ w,xldr fyj;a w,xldr ú.%y

Nduy f.a ldjHd,xldrfhka blaì;s j wg jk

fldg we;af;a iqfndaOd,xldrfhys fojk .d:dfjys

ie,lSfï § óg ldjHdo¾Yh fnfyúka u n,md we;s

ldjHdo¾Yfha fou< mßj¾;kh jk zoKaã

ishnia,lr oKaãka f.a ldjHdo¾Yh weiqre

nj;a" th ldjHdo¾Yh we;=¿ ixialD; idys;H lD;s

ishnia,lr l;=jrhd jk m<uq jk fiak rcq

1' ixialD;h fkdo;a wh f.a iy fláfhka mej;s

ishnia,lr rpkd lsÍug l;=jrhd fufyhjQ

ixialD; NdIdj ±k isákakg we;af;a iSud iys;

by; .Sfhys fláfhka jQ fmr .%ka: heZhs lSfha

wdÈ jYfhka l;=jrhd mjid we;af;a ;udg

ishnia,lr rpkd ùug mQ¾jfha foaYh S

zPkafodaúÑ;Hdx il,ia;;am%m[afpda kso¾Ys;#

fï ir, isoaOdka; iuQyh jqj mrjev i|yd fyj;a

iïnkaOhla uq,a fldg .ksñka wur.sß hk kduh

fuys w,xldrj,g lr`vqjla heZhs fkdlshd

isxy,fha we;s wkkH;dj ldjHdo¾Yh yd ;=,kd;aul

ziuld,Sk wfkla .%ka:hka yd ;=,kh lrñka

;SrKh flfrkafka kï tys fndfyda ÿrg olakg

m<uq jk fiak rcq m`ä rcq yd hqoaOfhka

fkdyelalls' rclï l< ld,h ;=< rg wNHka;rfha

u,aM, ±Íula jYfhka ishnia,lr rpkd flreKq

ishnia,lfrys .%ka: m%udKh i¾. ;=kls' tu

fuu mdGh ms<s.; fyd;a ishnia,lfrys

1' m%:u i¾.h ldjH ,laIK" ldjH m%fNao"

3' ;D;Sh i¾.h hul kï Yíod,xldrh" ldjH

yd l¾;D ikao¾Ykh hk lreKq

isxy, Pkaoia yd w,xldr Ydia;%hka ixialD;h

1' ldjHdo¾Yfha ks¾ÈIag we;eï lreKq ta whqßka u