Reference NRILSICIVIO“T Issue 2 Publication date_| 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date | 6" June 2009 Level 3 Waterproofing Systems for Underline Bridge decks Endorsement and Authorisation Endorsed by: Authorised by: Rac A Dray, Head of Structures Engineering ‘Accepted for issue by: WN M McManus, National Standards Manager ‘This document is the property of Network Rail. It shall not be reproduced in whole or part nor disclosed to a third party without the written permission of the Standard Owner. ‘© Copyright 2008 Network Rail, Uncontrolled copy once printed from its electronic source, Published and issued by Network Rail 40 Melton Street, London NW/1 2EE. Network Rail —Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Issue record Issue Date Comments 3 February 2008 — Substantial revision, but no fundamental change in the engineering requirements. Changes in format and reference number (from RT/CE/S/041); rationalisation and reordering of text; updating references and test requirements to reflect changes in practice. 2 June 2001 Minor revisions 1A April 1998 Minor revisions 1 December 1997 New Specification Compliance This Network Rail standard is mandatory and shall be complied with by Network Rail and its Contractors from 6" June 2009. . Reference documentation The following references were extant at the time of the issue of this standard; more recent equivalent issues/versions of them should be used as they become available, Network Rail standards NR/GNICIV/001: Waterproofing Underline Bridge decks. NR/L3/CIV/140: Model Clauses for Civil Engineering works. NR/SP/TRK/O06: Track ballast and Stoneblower aggregate. RT/CE/S/041: Waterproofing Systems for Underline Bridge decks British Standards, BSI, London BS 903-A26 (1995), ISO 48 (1994). Physical testing of rubber. Method for determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD). BS 2869 (2006). Fuel oils for agricultural, domestic and industrial engines and boilers — Specification, BS EN 197-1 (2000). Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements. BS EN 1766 (2000). Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures, Test methods. Reference concretes for testing. BS EN 1848-1 (2000). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Determination of length, width and straightness, Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing. BS EN 1848-2 (2001). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Determination of length, width and straightness. Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing BS EN 1849-1 (2000). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Determination of thickness and mass per unit area. Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing Page 2 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 BS EN 1849-2 (2001). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Determination of thickness and mass per unit area. Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing. BS EN 12620 (2002). Aggregates for concrete. BS EN 13375 (2004). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles. Specimen preparation. BS EN 13596 (2004). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles. Determination of bond strength. BS EN 14223 (2005). Flexible sheets for waterproofing. Waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles. Determination of water absorption BS EN 28510-2 (1993). ISO 8510-2 (1990). Adhesives. Peel test for a flexible- bonded-to-tigid test specimen assembly. 180° peel. BS EN ISO 1421 (1998). Rubber-or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination of tensile strength and elongation at break. BS EN ISO 4624, BS 3900-E10 (2003). Paints and vamishes. Pull-off test for adhesion. BS EN ISO 8501-1 (2007). Preparation of steel! substrates before application of paints and related products. Visual assessment of surface cleanliness. Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings. BS EN ISO 9001 (2000). Quality management systems, Requirements. BS EN ISO 11339 (2005). Adhesives. T-peel test for flexible-to-flexible bonded assemblies. BS EN ISO 12236 (2006). Geosynthetics. Static puncture test (CBR test). BS ISO 34-1 (2004). Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic. Determination of tear strength. Trouser, angle and crescent test pieces. BS ISO 37 (2005). Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic. Determination of tensile stress-strain properties. BS ISO 1431-1 (2004). Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic. Resistance to ozone cracking. Static and dynamic strain testing BS ISO 1817 (2005). Rubber, vulcanized. Determination of the effect of liquids. Highways Agency publications: Stationary Office Design Manual for Roads and Bridges. Volume 2, Section 3, Part 4: BD 47/99 Waterproofing and surfacing of concrete bridge decks. Manual of Contract Documents for Highways Works MCHW (1998) (as amended). Volume 1 - Specification for Highway Works. Series 1700 Structural Concrete. Page 3 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Other publications Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 (CHIP3) Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) (1998). Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to construction products. Disclaimer In issuing this document for its stated purpose, Network Rail makes no warranties, express or implied, that compliance with all or any documents it issues is sufficient on its own to ensure safe systems of work or operation. Users are reminded of their own duties under health and safety legislation. Supply Copies of documents are available electronically, within Network Rail's organisation. Hard copies of this document will be available to Network Rail employees on request to the Document Controller and to other organisations from IHS (Technical Indexes Ltd) (01344 404409). Comments The applicability and content of this standard will be reviewed on a regular basis. Written comments on the accuracy and utility will be taken into account when assessing the need for a new issue of the standard; such comments should be sent to the Principal Policy and Standards Engineer (Civil Engineering) at 40 Melton Street, London NW1 2EE. Reference Note Guidance Note NR/GN/CIV/001: Waterproofing Underline Bridge decks supplements this document: references to parts of that document are given as «. (for example) whilst references to other parts of this document are given as 1.1 (for example) Page 4 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 Compliance date 3 June 2008 Contents 1 Purpose 7 Scope 7 Roles and responsibilities 7 34 Designer 7 3.2 Installer 8 3.3 SERCO Raildata 8 3.4 Manufacturer 8 35 Principal Contractor 8 36 Principal Independent Test House (PITH) 9 37 Employer's Representative 9 4 Definitions 9 5 Waterproofing Systems "1 54 Background "1 5.2 General requirements 12 5.3 Registration 12 Selection of a Waterproofing System 14 Design and detailing 15 7A Project planning 15 72 Detailing 15 73 Drainage 16 8 Application and workmanship 16 84 General 16 82 Competency of operatives 16 83 Surface preparation 17 84 Application of liquid-applied membranes 18 85 Application of Loose-Laid membranes 18 86 Membrane inspection and test records 18 a7 Membrane protection 19 Appendix A: Certification 20 At Introduction 20 A2 Procedure 20 AB Application for assessment 20 Page 5 of 58AA AS AS AT Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Assessment of factory production control and quality control procedures Test programme Assessment of Application Guidelines Issue of Certificate of Conformity Appendix B: Laboratory test methods and performance BA B2 B3 B4 BS BS B7 BB Ba B.10 Bat B12 B13 B14 BaA5 B.16 General Dimensional and weight tests on sheets, boards and liquid-applied membranes Handling tests Presence of defects in a liquid-applied System when applied to a concrete substrate Effect of temperature on the curing time of a liquid-applied System Water absorption Resistance to water penetration Mechanical properties Tensile adhesion Bond of sheets at joints Resistance of repairs to water penetration Resistance to chisel impact Resistance to indentation by ballast Effect of ozone Heat conditioning Resistance to Fuel and Lubricating Oils Appendix C: Registration of Waterproofing Systems in PADS C1 C2 Roles and responsibilities PADS Form Appendix D: PADS Form for a Waterproofing System Appendix E: Waterproofing Record Form 22 22 29 30 32 32 32 34 36 37 37 38 38 40 43 44 44 45 47 47 50 54 54 54 57 58 Page 6 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 1 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to define; + the test methods, performance criteria, certification and registration requirements for Waterproofing Systems, * the requirements to be considered when selecting a Waterproofing System, * the detailing of a Waterproofing System, * the requirements for applying a Waterproofing System. The requirements of this standard are embodied in the 110-114 Sections of Model Clauses as given in NR/L3/CIV/140: Model Clauses for Civil Engineering works. Further information and guidance on Waterproofing Systems is provided in NRIGNICIV/001: Waterproofing Underline Bridge decks. 2 Scope This standard applies to Waterproofing Systems for use on ballasted Underline Bridge decks. Itis not applicable to; * other parts of Underline Bridges, such as below ground surfaces and abutments, * Underline Bridges constructed by a tunnelling technique where the external faces are inaccessible for the application of waterproofing, = overline bridges, * the repair of existing Waterproofing Systems' 3 Roles and responsil 3.4 Designer The Designer shall: 1 Prior to the design stage, confirm that the proposed Waterproofing System is registered in PADS. 2 Design and draw-up the detailing of the Waterproofing System. 3. Where possible, incorporate proprietary preformed components into the design so that the waterproofing is continuous and sealed. ' ' This requires specialist advice and consultation with Network Rall Page 7 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 3.2 Installer The Installer shall install the Waterproofing System in accordance with the Application Guidelines, and as detailed in the site specific approved drawings and Work Package Plan The operatives shall be trained and competent in the installation of the System The Installer shall pass to the Employer's Representative records of the environmental conditions that prevailed during the application of the Waterproofing System and the results of post-completion quality control tests. 3.3 SERCO Raildata On receipt of a Certificate of Conformity and a PADS Form for a Waterproofing System (or a component of one) SERCO Raildata shall send copies of these to Network Rail’, Following approval by Network Rail, SERCO Raildata shall register the System (or component) in PADS. SERCO Raildata shall provide Network Rail? with relevant information regarding the extension, suspension, withdrawal or updating of the registration of an approved Waterproofing System (or the components of one). 3.4 Manufacturer The Manufacturer is responsible for the costs of; * testing and assessment of the Waterproofing System, + registration of the System in PADS, + five-yearly review of the System (see Appendix C.2.3). The Manufacturer shall provide information and prepare and supply samples of the various components of the System in accordance with Appendix A. 3.5 Principal Contractor The Principal Contactor shall confirm that the proposed Waterproofing System is registered in PADS and obtain a copy of the Application Guidelines for the System. The Principal Contractor is responsible for the detailing of the Waterproofing System and for the production of the Work Package Plan. Following the installation of the Waterproofing System, the Principal Contractor shall pass to the Employer's Representative the Waterproofing Record Form (see Appendix E) and any other information required to enable the Employer's Representative to sign-off the installation of the System. ? To the Principal Policy and Standards Engineer (Civil Engineering) Page 8 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 3.6 Principal Independent Test House (PITH) The PITH is responsible for testing of the Waterproofing System in accordance with Appendix B. Before issuing a Certificate of Conformity and PADS Form, the PITH shall confirm that the Waterproofing System is compliant with the requirements of this standard and that the performance criteria specified in Appendix B have been met. Where tests have been undertaken by an Independent Test House (ITH), the PITH shall check that the ITH is competent and/or accredited for undertaking such tests. Following the approval and registration of the Waterproofing System, the PITH shall carry out a five-yearly review of the System when requested by the Manufacturer. The review shall be completed in accordance with Appendix C. 3.7 Employer's Representative Prior to any waterproofing works commencing on site, the Employer's Representative shall review and approve the detailing for the Waterproofing System and the Work Package Plan for installing the System. The Representative shall confirm that, where possible, the design incorporates appropriate proprietary components. Following the installation of a System, the Employer's Representative shall check the detailing against the approved drawings and where compliant sign off the work? as completed. 4 Defi itions Application Guidelines Manufacturer's document(s) that define for a particular Waterproofing System; * the application process, including any limiting environmental conditions, * the requirements for preparing the substrate Backing For the purpose of this standard, this is a layer of synthetic textile that is affixed to the bottom layer of a waterproofing membrane. Certificate of Conformity ‘A document, issued by the PITH, that lists the tests carried out for the assessment of the Waterproofing System, the results of such tests, and instructions and guidance on the installation of the System 3 In conjunction with the Principal Contractor. Page 9 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Fuel and Lubricating Oil Diesel, and hydraulic oils used for lubrication. Independent Test House (ITH) An organisation that has expert knowledge and testing capability for the Waterproofing System, and which is independent of the manufacturing industry and is accredited by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS), or equivalent European body, for the tests it undertakes Integral Protective Layer (IPL) Alayer (formed from sheets or boards) that is an essential part of a Waterproofing System, and which is laid over the top of the membrane to protect it from damage immediately following its installation and from ballast penetration in service. Loose-Laid System ‘A Waterproofing System comprising a preformed impermeable sheet or liquid- applied membrane applied to a synthetic textile which is not bonded or only partially bonded to the substrate; that is, one that does not satisfy the requirements also for minimum tensile adhesion as defined in Appendix B. Manufacturer The term Manufacturer is used as shorthand to cover the manufacturer of the waterproofing membrane, the manufacturer's representative, and the promoter/installer/contractor for a particular system. The Manufacturer is the organisation responsible for submission of the System for registration and for initiating the five-year review. Minimum Thickness The minimum dry film thickness of the membrane of a liquid-applied Waterproofing System declared by the Manufacturer as that required for the System to perform satisfactorily. Nominal Thickness The mean thickness of the membrane of a liquid-applied Waterproofing System. Non-Integral Protective Layer (NIPL) Alayer that is not an essential part of a Waterproofing System but which can be; * placed over the membrane to protect it from damage immediately following its installation and/or from ballast penetration in service (for example, for a System that does not have an IPL), * laid over an IPL (to provide additional protection) when the depth of the ballast is less than the thickness of the layer of ballast used in the resistance to indentation by ballast test (as specified in the Application Guidelines), * placed beneath the membrane of a Loose-Laid System to protect it from puncture and/or damage due to the presence of contaminants or bitumen ‘on the substrate. Page 10 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 PADS Form The document issued by the PITH that lists the essential details of a Waterproofing System (such as limitations on its applicability) Parts And Drawings System (PADS) A database of approved products that is maintained and controlled by SERCO Raildata Principal Independent Test House (PITH) The organisation appointed by the Manufacturer of the Waterproofing System to supervise the test programme and undertake most of the tests on the System. The PITH shall have expert knowledge and testing capability for the Waterproofing System, be independent of the manufacturing industry, and be accredited by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS), or equivalent European body, for the tests it undertakes. Reinforced Sheet An impermeable sheet that has either an internal reinforcing layer (formed from a synthetic textile) or a Backing Tightly Bonded System A Waterproofing System consisting of either (a) a liquid-applied membrane or (b) a preformed sheet membrane that is bonded to the substrate with an adhesive, and which in either case satisfies the requirements for the minimum tensile adhesion as defined in Appendix B Underline Bridge Asstructure of one or more spans of greater than or equal to 1.8 metres whose main purpose is to carry rail traffic over an obstruction or gap. Waterproofing System A material or combination of materials, including a membrane (and where applicable a primer, adhesive, and Integral Protective Layer) that is installed to form an impervious barrier to protect a bridge deck from the damaging effects of water. 5 Waterproofing Systems 5.1 Background The service life of a bridge can be significantly extended by the application of an effective Waterproofing System: nothing will be gained by the application of an ineffective System Waterproofing Systems are defined by type as either Tightly Bonded, or Loose- Laid, and are classified as being ‘resistant’ or ‘not resistant’ to Fuel and Lubricating Oils. Tightly-Bonded Systems adhere to the substrate and, therefore, prevent the spread of water under the membrane from edges, imperfections and small punctures. Loose-Laid Systems are not intimately bonded to the substrate and, therefore, cannot prevent the spread of water Page 11 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 under the membrane from poorly sealed edges, imperfections, small punctures and defective joints. 5.2 General requirements ‘A Waterproofing System shall be applied to all new Underline Bridges and, when necessary and time is available for its application, to existing Underline Bridges undergoing major refurbishment or alteration. Only Waterproofing Systems registered in PADS (and which are, therefore, compliant with this standard) shall be used to waterproof Underline Bridge decks. 5.3 Registration Waterproofing Systems shall be tested, certified and registered in accordance with the procedure shown in Figure 1. Certification requirements are defined in Appendix A; test methods and performance criteria are defined in Appendix B; and information on the registration and review of a registration is given in Appendix C. Network Rail reserves the right to (a) amend or supplement the test programme, and (b) suspend or withdraw the certification of a previously accepted System. The costs of testing, certification, registration and review shall be borne by the Manufacturer. The testing of the components shall be carried out as detailed in Appendix B and the relevant pass/fail criteria applied. The Manufacturer shall be informed at the earliest stage of the failure of a component to meet a performance criterion and be given the option to withdraw from the certification procedure. Some of the tests and requirements specified in Appendix B are identical to those specified in Issue 2 of NR/SP/CIV/041 [which this standard replaced] and also in BD47, which would be used when assessing the components of a Waterproofing System for a Roads and Bridges Agrément Certificate [issued by the British Board of Agrément]. When proof is provided that the formulation and dimensions (such as membrane thickness) of the components tested in accordance with NR/SP/CIV/041 Issue 2 or BD 47 are identical to those submitted for registration in accordance with this standard, the results of these previous tests may be used to demonstrate compliance: there is no need for repeat testing. Page 12 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Manufacturer submis application for assessmertto |_g[ Manufacturer Principal Independent Test House PL cantar Manufacturer submis factory production control ard |g Manufacturer (QC procedtirs information PITH for assessment can wid I Principal independent Test Houre organises tet programme In accordance wth Appaneos And that performance criteria are satisfied |] can withdraw ERC aa mse PR [ Sotnte ‘SERCO Raildata registers the Waterproofing can witha =n q Manufacturer asks PITH to review Syatern before vali ofthe Certieate of Conformity expos ater 5 years I Perfomance and application of Syston are revlewed atte5 years by PITH and a PADS fom submited to SERCO Raila in ‘cordance with Appendix € q ‘SERCO Raildata songs the PADS form lo Retwork Ral fr approval q Newark Rall approves review and tho vali ofthe Conical forthe Walorproatng System Is extended for 5 yoars Figure 1: Procedure for registering a Waterproofing System in PADS Page 13 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 A Waterproofing System proven to satisfy the performance criteria specified in Appendix B shall be issued with a PADS Form and Certificate of Conformity by the Principal Independent Test House (PITH). Following approval by Network Rail, the System shall be registered in PADS by SERCO Raildata. Queries on the acceptance of a deviation from the performance criteria shall be referred by the PITH to Network Rail’ with, where necessary, relevant test data and a case for acceptance. 6 _ Selection of a Waterproofing System For a particular bridge deck, the type of Waterproofing System shall 1 Be appropriate for the time available for its application. 2 Be tolerant of the conditions that will be encountered during its application and in service®. A Tightly Bonded System shall be applied to a new Underline Bridge when there is sufficient time to complete the application in accordance with the Application Guidelines. When full application in situ is not practicable, partial application of a Tightly Bonded System shall be completed off-site or trackside provided that impermeable joints can be formed within the time available on site. However a Tightly Bonded System shall not be applied to a surface that cannot provide sufficient adhesion, such as a concrete deck or masonry arch that has a porous or friable substrate. Where the substrate is unsuitable or there is insufficient time to install a Tightly Bonded System, a Loose-Laid System shall be applied but sufficient time shall be made available to complete the installation in accordance with the Application Guidelines. When a Tightly Bonded System is to be applied to a bridge that has a complex surface profile or complex details, a sheet System shall not be used unless, impermeable joints can be formed. A Tightly Bonded sheet System shall not be used when the absence of grooves or chases prevents effective sealing at its edges. When a Loose-Laid System, or the components thereof, is used to form joints at deck ends and/or joints between parts of a bridge overlaid with a Tightly Bonded System, both types of System shall be compliant with this standard The following shall be taken into account when estimating the time required for the application of a Waterproofing System: * Addressed to the Principal Policy and Standards Engineer (Civil Engineering) 5 Thus a System that is resistant to Fuel and Lubricating Oils shall be used where the risk of exposure to a significant quantity of such Oils is high; such as at stations, approaches to depots and other locations where diesel engines are likely to idle. Page 14 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 1 The condition and hence the time required for the preparation of the substrate, 2 The likely prevailing weather conditions on site (for the whole or parts of a deck) 3. The time for applying and curing the various components of the System, Design and detailing 7.4 Project planning Before a Waterproofing System is designed for use on a particular Bridge deck, the Principal Contractor shall confirm that the System is registered in PADS (and is therefore compliant with this standard). The Principal Contractor shall provide the Employer's Representative with drawings showing the detailing for the Waterproofing System (see 7.2) and the Work Package Plan The Employer's Representative shall review and approve the detailing for the System and the Work Package Plan before waterproofing works commence. 7.2 Detailing The waterproofing shall be continuous and cover the entire deck between upstands. Where standard details are not otherwise available, those given in Appendix © (of NR/GN/CIV/001: Waterproofing of Underline Bridges) should be followed Particular attention shall be paid to sealing the membrane at its edges, around drainage holes and other details to prevent the passage of water under the membrane in service. Where necessary, pre-formed details recommended by the Manufacturer shall be used to seal the membrane. Sharp arrises and internal angles shall be avoided in the surface to be waterproofed. Arrises shall be chamfered or rounded, but when it is not possible to remove sharp arrises on an existing structure; * before a Loose-Laid System is applied, such arrises shall be covered with either a NIPL or an additional layer of membrane, * when a Tightly Bonded system is applied, the application rate of the membrane shall be varied so that the required thickness of membrane is provided at such arrises. Fillets shall be formed in internal angles. When necessary, fillets on existing bridges shall be formed using a cementitious or resin-based repair material that is compatible with the Waterproofing System: such repair materials shall be allowed to cure sufficiently prior to the application of the System: Page 15 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 All movement joints at deck ends shall be able to accommodate the design thermal and traffic induced movements, and shall be detailed to prevent the passage of water beneath the membrane in service. Whether the joints are formed from a Loose-Laid membrane or from proprietary products, measures shall be taken to prevent the joints being damaged by ballast. 7.3 Drainage Drainage shall be provided to prevent water accumulating on the waterproofing Water is best removed by the provision of adequate falls to suitable drainage outlets: where practicable, longitudinal gradients should be a minimum of 1 in 100 Drainage systems at joints and through a bridge deck shall be detailed so that water is not allowed to fall freely from the deck. Where required, drains shall be connected to a closed drainage system. To prevent water reaching the substructure, waterproofing shall be continued down the back of the cill unit/ballast wall at the ends of a bridge and be wrapped around a perforated drainage pipe: the top of the pipe shall be not less than 300 mm below the underside of the cill unit. Standard details are provided in Figures 3 and 4 of Appendix © Application and workmanship 8.1 General The preparation of the substrate, the formation of joints and the application of the Waterproofing System shall be in accordance with the Application Guidelines: sufficient competent and certified staff shall be available on site so that this can be achieved. Access to the Waterproofing System by plant and personnel likely to cause damage to the System shall be prevented during the application and curing of the waterproofing materials and prior to the placement of the IPL and/or NIPL. During the installation of the Waterproofing System, the Installer shall record the environmental conditions on site (including temperature, humidity, and wind speed) on a daily worksheet; a copy of these records shall be supplied to the Principal Contractor and the Employer's Representative. The Principal Contractor shall complete the Waterproofing Record Form (as given in Appendix E) and the Employer's Representative shall sign it; see 8.6. 8.2 Competency of operatives Only operatives trained and certified by the Manufacturer as being capable of applying the Waterproofing System in accordance with the Application Guidelines shall install the waterproofing Page 16 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Operatives shall have proof of certification available for inspection on site: the certificate shall include a recent photograph of the operative, 8.3 Surface preparation 83.1 Concrete decks The surface of a new concrete bridge deck to which the Waterproofing System is to be applied shall have a U4 finish in accordance with the 1700 Series Clauses of the Specification for Highway Works. Power float finishing of a concrete surface should not be specified when a Tightly Bonded System is to be applied to a new deck. However, where this arrangement is proposed Network Rail may require additional laboratory tests and a site trial to be undertaken. 8.3.2 Tightly Bonded Systems on a concrete substrate Where necessary, concrete surfaces shall be repaired using cementitious or resin-based materials that are compatible with the Waterproofing System so that the membrane is fully supported and, for a liquid-applied System, a continuous, impermeable membrane is formed. All surface oil, grease, bitumen, laitance and other contaminants shall be removed as far as is reasonably practicable so that the Waterproofing System can be uniformly bonded to the substrate, Surface preparation by grit blasting or, where shown to be appropriate, water jetting, shall be sufficient to remove laitance and any weak material on the surface Waterproofing shall not be applied unless the concrete of the substrate is sufficiently dry (as defined in the Application Guidelines) that it is capable of providing good adhesion 8.3.3 Tightly Bonded Systems on a steel substrate The surface of a steel bridge shall be blast cleaned using a non-metallic grit to Sa2% for new steel or Sa2 for existing steel to BS EN ISO 8501-1, or as specified in the Application Guidelines. Blast cleaned steel surfaces shall be primed within four hours of being cleaned. 8.3.4 Loose-Laid Systems Surface preparation shall be sufficient to prevent the Waterproofing System from being punctured by protrusions in the substrate. Where practicable, voids in the substrate shall be filled with a rapid curing cementitious or resin-based material so that the waterproofing membrane is uniformly supported: the material shall be allowed to cure sufficiently prior to the application of the Waterproofing System. Where Page 17 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 necessary, sharp protrusions shall be made smooth, using the same or similar repair materials. When sand is used to fill voids in the substrate, a NIPL shall be placed below the waterproofing membrane (see Appendix °) Any loose fill over an arch shall be compacted before treating any voids : and protrusions. Where necessary, a compatible NIPL shall be placed below the waterproofing membrane: for example, to prevent contact between bitumen present on the existing substrate and a membrane that is not resistant to bitumen (see Appendix ."). The overlaps of a sheet NIPL shall be not less than 100 mm or the value specified in the Application Guidelines 8.4 Application of liquid-applied membranes Unless otherwise specified in the Application Guidelines, the application shall not normally proceed until the surface temperature is greater than 4 °C and rising, the surface temperature is 3 °C above the dew point, and the relative humidity is less than 90 %. Outside these limits, water may condense on the surface and affect the bond that can be developed with the substrate, When a liquid-applied membrane is applied on site, measures shall be taken to prevent contamination of the environment, watercourses, property or members of the public by wind blow materials. During the application of a liquid-applied membrane, whether in the factory or on site, the film thickness shall be checked at regular intervals by means of a comb gauge, or other method recommended by the Manufacturer, to check that the Minimum Thickness is being achieved, When this Minimum has not been achieved and/or a large number of pinholes is evident, a further coat shall be applied and the application rate shall be increased for the remainder of the area to be coated 8.5 Application of Loose-Laid membranes Loose-Laid membranes shall have their edges sealed to prevent water passing beneath them. Membranes shall be seam jointed, either by hot air welding, solvent welding or using a contact adhesive. Hot air welding shall be used when moisture is present at the time of jointing, or when the temperature is below 5 °C. 8.6 Membrane inspection and test records The Waterproofing System shall be inspected for damage and defects after its application using an appropriate non destructive technique (NDT). Details of the NDT testing shall be included in the Principal Contractor's inspection test, Page 18 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 plan and agreed with the Employer's Representative. When adhesion tests are required on Tightly Bonded systems, they shall be carried out as specified in Appendix B. When time permits, liquid-applied membranes shall be inspected for pin and blow holes by high voltage holiday detection. All defects and damage shall be repaired in accordance with the Application Guidelines. In addition to recording the environmental conditions on a daily sheet, the Installer shall record the results of tests undertaken during and following the application of a liquid-applied membrane. These should include, where applicable, wet and dry membrane thicknesses, and the results of NDT tests. A copy of these results shall be passed to the Employee's Representative. ‘On completion of the work, the Principal Contractor shall complete the Waterproofing Record Form (as given in Appendix E). The Employer's Representative shall sign the Form and send a copy of it to the Principal Policy and Standards Engineer (Civil Engineering). 8.7 Membrane protection Immediately following the application, inspection and, where necessary, repair of the waterproofing membrane it shall be overlaid to prevent it from being damaged by ballast indentation, plant and personnel with either; + the IPL specified as part of the System (see Appendix .’), or a NIPL - where an IPL is not specified as part of the System (because it has passed the resistance to indentation by ballast test without one). When the ballast depth is less than the thickness of the layer of ballast used in the resistance to indentation by ballast test (as specified in the Application Guidelines), and an IPL is specified as part of the Waterproofing System, a NIPL shall be placed over the IPL (see Appendix .’) The overlaps of a sheet IPL or NIPL shall be not less than 100 mm or the value specified in the Application Guidelines. A sheet NIPL shall have 4000 N static puncture resistance as determined in accordance with BS EN ISO 12236. When used as a NIPL, a fibre reinforced cement board shall be at least 6 mm thick, and a bitumen board shall be at least 12 mm thick. Where butt joints are formed with board-type protection layers, the joints shall be sealed to prevent ballast penetration. Protection layers shall be secured so that they are not disturbed by wind, plant or personnel prior to the placement of the ballast. Where the membrane or protection layer is not resistant to ultra-violet light it shall be protected from sunlight where it is exposed, within the time limit specified in the Application Guidelines, by suitable rigid protection boards Page 19 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Appendix A: Certification A1_ Introduction This Appendix defines the procedure for certifying a Waterproofing System, and the programme of tests and the performance criteria for assessing such Systems. Certification shall only be given by the PITH where the Waterproofing System passes the performance criteria and, where necessary, any site trial As slated in 5.3, results of tests obtained when products/components have been tested in accordance with NR/SP/CIV/041 Issue 2 and/or BD 47 may be used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Appendix B. Waterproofing Systems are required to have been tested by a UKAS laboratory or an equivalent European body that is accredited for the relevant tests. UKAS is the United Kingdom member of the European Co-operation on Accreditation (EA), the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC), and the International Accreditation Forum (IAF). These agreements recognise the equivalence of accreditations granted in the countries concemed and are referred to as Multilateral Agreements or Arrangements. The European and International signatories for testing can be found through the UKAS webpage. A.2 Procedure The procedure has the following stages; * application for assessment, * assessment of factory production control and quality control procedures, * test programme, * assessment of the Application Guidelines (where required), * issue of the Certificate of Conformity. These are dealt with in order in A.3 to A.7. The PITH shall inform the Manufacturer at the earliest possible time of the failure of the System to satisfy a performance criterion. The Manufacturer may withdraw from the assessment programme at any time, A3 Application for assessment A Manufacturer shall submit the following details of the System to the PITH. A.3.1 Materials data name of the Waterproofing System material/component datasheet(s) type of System - that is, either Loose-Laid or Tightly Bonded Page 20 of 58A3.2 A3.3 Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 detailed description of all the components of the System; such as the primer, adhesive, membrane, Integral Protective Layer detailed description of any particular construction details dimensions of sheets and boards identification and labelling of all the components - and how these items are identified by unique reference numbers the Nominal Thickness of the waterproofing membrane alist of recommended sealing agents and adhesives that are compatible with the System delivery, site handling, storage and disposal information - this shall include, as necessary, health and safety data sheets, risk assessments, and hazard and flashpoint classifications for each material/component Additional information for liquid-applied materials sequence of components mixing time of components pot life of mixed liquid materials nominal application/coverage/dosage rates. curing time overcoating time Minimum Thickness (dry film), and the corresponding thickness of the wet film Application Guidelines details of suitable substrates, including their required surface finish details of Integral Protective Layers to be used with each type of ‘substrate the thickness of the layer of ballast used in the resistance to indentation by ballast test (see 8.7) range of ambient and substrate temperatures over which the Waterproofing System can be applied maximum moisture content of the surface of a concrete substrate for applying the System - either a visual indication or as determined by a specified moisture meter the maximum wind speed for application jointing methods and associated quality control test procedures, including overcoating times for liquid-applied materials and details at connections when deck components are waterproofed at the factory or in situ nominal curing times - with due consideration given to the effect of moisture content, temperature and type of substrate limitations on use - due to environmental factors such as the presence of Fuel and Lubricating Oils and bitumen, and the effects of ultra-violet light maximum allowable exposure to ultra-violet light where the material(s) may be degraded by such light Page 21 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 on-site quality control tests (NDT) and the method of recording the results of such tests * information on detailing at edges, pipes, ete, and the movement capacity at construction and movement joints + details of how the System, including any Protective Layer(s), is to be applied to uneven, sloping or vertical surfaces, at edges and pipe penetrations etc., including a list of the components required recommended techniques for inspection recommended techniques for repairing defects and accidental damage expected in-service life * authorisation and training requirements for Installers The PITH shall review the data provided and advise the Manufacturer accordingly before progressing to the assessment stage A.4 Assessment of factory production control and quality control procedures The Manufacturer shall supply details of the following items/procedures of the manufacturing process to the PITH: 1 Incoming goods and raw materials, and their unique codes or references. The method of manufacture and processing. Details of traceability, batch codes, labelling and packaging. In-process and final quality control test procedures and acceptance criteria. anon Detailed product formulations; these shall be controlled documents and be kept on file by the PITH to determine whether or not any proposed variation of the formulation is acceptable. 6 _ Details of the quality system of the manufacturing location; this shall include treatment of non-conformities, customer complaint procedures, record keeping, etc. and generally be in accordance with BS EN ISO 9001 The PITH shall visit the factory (or factories) to confirm the validity of the supplied documentation and check that the information contained in it represents current practice. Particular attention shall be paid to the method of tracing products through the manufacturing process, batch codes and labelling. Where traceability cannot be demonstrated the assessment shall not progress to the testing stage. AS Test programme Samples for testing shall be supplied clearly labelled, accompanied by quality control test results and a Manufacturer's declaration that the samples are representative of standard production. The preparation of free-films of a liquid-applied membrane, the fabrication of joints and the application of the Waterproofing System to substrates shall be observed by a representative from the PITH and shall be in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The tolerance for test temperatures of -10 °C, 23 °C and 40 °C is +2 °C. Page 22 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 The relative humidity (RH) at tests undertaken at 23 °C shall be 50 +5 %, and the actual RH at other temperatures shall be recorded. A5.1 Preparation of test specimens Preparation of concrete blocks Four sizes of concrete block are commonly defined for testing bonded membranes: A: 300 mm square and not less than 55 mm thick. B: 400 by 220 mm, not less than 55 mm thick and provided with a crack inducer® C: 600 mm square and not less than 50 mm thick. D: 170 mm square by not less than 55 mm thick. The usually accepted tolerance on the above dimensions is +3 mm. The Manufacturer may specify the use of larger sized blocks for one or more tests. All concrete blocks shall be manufactured to BS EN 13375. The concrete mix design shall be type MC (0.45) to BS EN 1766 and have; * acharacteristic strength grade 40 N, * a minimum cement content of 395 kg/m’, + amaximum water/cement ratio of 0.45. Portland cement shall conform to BS EN 197-1 grade 42.5 N and the aggregate shall be natural gravel conforming to BS EN 12620. The aggregate shall be 10 mm sized gravel for size B blocks and 20 mm for all other block sizes. The unformed surfaces of the specimen substrates to which the waterproofing is to be applied shall have a U4 finish in accordance with the 1700 Series Clauses of the Specification for Highway Works. The surface to which the waterproofing is applied shall have a surface texture of between 0.5 mm and 4.0 mm when measured in accordance to BS EN 1766, Clause 7.2 All concrete blocks shall be cured and thoroughly dried before use. The curing regime shall be as follows; Demoulding of the blocks after 24 hours. 2 Storage of the blocks under wet hessian and polythene sheet at normal ambient room conditions for 6 days. 3. Storage of the uncovered blocks at normal ambient room conditions for at least 21 days. * The dimensions of a size B block are shown in Figure 1A of BD 47, Page 23 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Preparation of steel test substrates ‘Two sizes of steel plate are commonly defined for testing bonded membranes: E: 300 mm (square) and 10 mm thick. F: 170 mm (square) and 10 mm thick. The usually accepted tolerances on the above dimensions are +2 mm on the length of the sides and +1 mm on thickness. The Manufacturer may specify the use of larger sized plates for one or more tests. The surface of all steel test plates to which the Waterproofing System is to be applied shall be grit blasted to SA2% or as specified in the Application Guidelines. A5.2 Details of the test programme The programme of tests is defined in Tables A1 and A2. Page 24 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date 8" June 2008 Table A1: Test requirements Performance criteria | Tightly] Loose-| Test | Standards ‘Specimens Bonded| Laid | method Dimensional and weight B2 tests Length, width, and | « . B.21 |BSEN 1848 _ | Three rolls or boards straightness of parts 1 and 2 sheets and boards Thickness and . . B.22 |BSEN 1849 Same specimens as weight per unit parts 1 and 2 |used for B.2.1 area of sheets and boards Thickness and . B23 Three specimens of weight per unit {ree film 300 x 300 mm area of liquid- applied membranes [Handling tests B3 Unrolling of a . . B31 ‘Same specimens as sheet membrane used for B.2.1 Unrolling of a . . B32 Three longitudinal and sheet membrane three transverse 450 x from a mandrel 50 mm specimens Tear strength of . . B33 |BS1SO 34-1 _| Three sets of; five sheet membrane Method A or C | specimens of non- orientated sheets, or {ten specimens of orientated sheets Tear strength of . . B.3.4 |BS ISO 34-1. | Three sets of; five Integral Protective Methods A or |specimens of non- Layer c orientated sheets, or {ten specimens of orientated sheets Presence of defects ina | « B4 Four size A blocks iquid-applied System when applied to a Jconcrete substrate [Effect of temperature on | « BS the curing time of a liquid-applied System B51 Two size A blocks B52 Six size E steel plates Water absorption . . B.6 |BSEN 14223 |Same specimens as, used for B.2 Page 25 of 58Reference NRILSICWVIOaT issue 3 Pubiiction date 2a" Rugust 2008 ‘Compliance date 6" June 2008 Performance criteria | Tightly Test | Standards ‘Specimens Bonded method Resistance to water . By Three 250 x 250 mm lpenetration specimens of each of; plain sheet membrane; sheet membrane with repair and/or {fabrication joint; free Him; free fiim with day joint (at least 6 specimens required per membrane] [Mechanical properties BS Tensile strength s B.8.1 |BSISO37 _| Three sets of five and elongation at specimens cut (a) in break of sheet the machine direction membranes and (where applicable) formed from (b) in the cross- nreinforced machine direction materials Tensile strength es B81 |BSENISO | Three sets of five and elongation at 1421 specimens cut (a) in break of sheet the machine direction membranes and (where applicable) formed from (b) in the cross- reinforced machine direction materials Tensile strength |» oil B81 |BSISO37 _ | Three sets of five and elongation at specimens break of free film of liquid-applied membranes Tensile strength os B82 |As Three sets of five and elongation at appropriate, | specimens cut (a) in break of sheet BS ISO 37 or _|the machine direction Integral Protective BSENISO —_ and (where applicable) Layers 1421 (b) in the cross- machine direction Hardness of . B83 |BS903-A26 _| Three specimens of membranes {ree film or sheets Tensile adhesion Bo Effect of test . B91 |BSENISO | Two or three size D temperature 4624, BS EN | blocks and/or two or 13596 three size F plates Page 26 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date 8" June 2008 Performance criteria | Tightly Test | Standards ‘Specimens Bonded method Effect of moisture | « B92 |BSENISO |Liquid-appled content of a 4624, BS EN | Systems: specimens concrete substrate 13596 used in B.4, Sheet membranes two or three size D blocks Effect of . B93 |BSENISO — | Liquid applied temperature of the 4624, BS EN | Systems: specimens substrate 13596 as used in B.4. Sheet membranes: conorete - two or three size D blocks; steel - two or {three size F plates [Bond of sheets at joints B10 Bond strength of + | 8.101 |BSENISO — |Twelve specimens of sheet to sheet 11339 each type of joint joints Bond strength of + | 8.10.2 |BS EN 28510- | Twelve specimens of sheet to substrate 2 each type of joint joints Resistance of repairs to [© ° Bat Three 250 x 250 mm water penetration specimens of sheet membrane or free films Resistance to chisel . . Baz Nine 300 x 300 mm impact specimens of sheets or free films. Resistance to . . Bas Size C block indentation by ballast [Effect of ozone (only for B.14_|BS ISO 1431-1 | Three specimens |products containing junsaturated rubbers) [Heat conditioning B15 Tensile strength + | 8.15.1 |BS1SO37 — |Aset of five dumb bell and elongation at specimens cut (a) in break the machine direction and (where applicable) (b) in the cross- machine direction Resistance to ~ | 8152 Three 250 x 250 mm water penetration specimens of each of; plain sheet membrane; sheet membrane with repair and/or fabrication joint; free Page 27 of 58Reference NRILSICWVIOaT issue 3 Publication date 2B" August 2008 ‘Compliance date 8" June 2008 Performance criteria | Tightly Test | Standards ‘Specimens Bonded method film; free film with day joint [at least 6 specimens required] Resistance to . B.15.3 Nine size B blocks chloride ion penetration after crack cycling Hardness . + | 8.15.4 |BS 903-A26 | Three specimens of free film or sheets Tensile adhesion . B.15.5 |BSENISO | Two or three size A 4624, BS EN | blocks or two or three 13596 size F plates Tensile strength . « | 815.6 |BS ISO 37 or |Aset of five dumb bell and elongation at break of Integral Protective Layers BSENISO specimens cut (a) in 1421 the machine direction and (b) perpendicular to machine direction + = mandatory © = may be required *s = Tightly Bonded sheet system only + oil = liquid-applied system tested for its resistance to Fuel and Lubricating Oil Table A2: Optional test requirements Performance criteria | Tightly Test | Standards ‘Specimens Bonded| Laid | method Resistance to Fuel and B16 Lubricating Oils Resistance to ° e | B.16.1 |BS ISO 1817 |Six specimens: as for water penetration B7 Tensile strength B.16.2 |BS ISO 37 or |Two sets of and elongation at BSENISO specimens: as for break of 1421 B81 membranes Hardness of © © | B.163 [BS 903-A26 [Six specimens as for membranes B83 Tensile strength B.16.4 |BS ISO 37 or |Two sets of and elongation at break of Integral Protective Layer BSENISO —_|specimens: as for 1421 B82 Page 28 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 A6 Assessment of Application Guidelines Following the completion of the laboratory test programme, the Manufacturer (or their representative) may be required to undertake a site trial. The decision rests with Network Rail: the decision will be based on, for example, the in-service performance of the System, and the type of System, substrate and materials, The trial does not have to be carried out on a bridge; it can be performed on a mock- up. The bridge or mock-up shall be at least 150 m? in area and include typical details and drainage outlets. The Manufacturer (or their representative) shall supply the following information to the PITH 1 Location of the trial and, where applicable, bridge owner. 2 — Type of substrate. 3 Surface finish: ideally, the finish of the surface shall be U4 for a concrete deck or SA2% for a steel deck, or as otherwise stated in the Application Guidelines. If the Manufacturer or their representative opts to apply the Waterproofing System to a surface with a lesser finish, the System shall be expected to perform to the same level as if the finish was U4 or SA2%. Application Guidelines for the System. Whether the bridge or mock-up is a new construction or one undergoing maintenance/repair. 6 Proposed date for the trial - the actual date can be confirmed as the plan progresses. When a site trial is being considered, the PITH and Network Rail shall consider the relevance of the trial and the methodology to be followed before giving agreement in principle to the trial. Where the PITH confirms that the arrangements for the site trial are acceptable the Manufacturer (or their representative) shall confirm the arrangements with the bridge ‘owner, where applicable, and the Contractor and advise them that the site trial will be formally assessed by the PITH. Network Rail reserves the right to attend the trial Before any part of the Waterproofing System is applied, the PITH shall check traceability information, batch codes and manufacturing quality control test results to verify that the System is identical to that submitted for the laboratory tests. Differences that arise with respect to the site conditions or the System (such as differing amounts of accelerator) shall be agreed with the PITH before the site trial proceeds. The site trial shall be completed by trained and competent operatives working under competent supervision and shall afford the same level of quality of workmanship as required in practice, Throughout the trial, the workmanship, supervision and general Page 29 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 site procedure shall be observed by the PITH: where the standard of work is unacceptably low the trial shall be recorded as a failure, The surface of the trial area shall be clean, dry and free from ice, frost and laitance. During the trial, the surface temperature of the trial area, the air temperature humidity and wind strength shall be measured and recorded at regular intervals. For a concrete substrate, the surface moisture content at the time of application shall be assessed visually or measured using a moisture meter specified by the Manufacturer; the measurements shall be recorded. The method of application, coverage rates and curing times of the components of the Waterproofing System shall be in accordance with the Application Guidelines. Particular attention shall be given to the detailing of the System at edges and details and, where possible, at construction joints, movement joints etc. The thickness of a liquid-applied membrane shall be measured using a wet film thickness gauge or other appropriate method at least every 5 m”: the dry film thickness at peaks, arrises and irregularities shall be greater than the Minimum Thickness. The waterproofing shall be virtually free from visible defects, such as pin or blow holes, blisters, ripples and rucks, Lap and butt joints in sheet Systems shall be formed in accordance with the Application Guidelines and samples taken and submitted for laboratory tests. For Tightly Bonded Systems, the Manufacturer (or their representative) shall determine the strength of the bond between the waterproofing and the substrate: the strength of the substrate shall be greater than the minimum tensile adhesion specified at a test temperature of -10 °C (see B.9) The Manufacturer, or their representative, shall demonstrate the integrity of the waterproofing membrane using an appropriate NDT method previously agreed with the PITH. They shall also demonstrate an acceptable repair methodology in accordance with their Application Guidelines, and samples shall be taken and submitted for laboratory tests. fat any time itis considered that the trial is unlikely to proceed to a successful conclusion, the Manufacturer shall be given the opportunity to abort the trial and propose modifications to the System and/or Application Guidelines for a further trial The Manufacturer shall provide a written report to the PITH with proposed changes that should overcome identified deficiencies in the original submission. If the proposed modifications are acceptable to the PITH, the Manufacturer may make arrangements for a further site trial AT Issue of Certificate of Conformity When the System has passed the complete test programme and, if requested, a site trial, a Certificate of Conformity shall be issued by the PITH: the Certificate shall include the following information: Page 30 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Product/System name Manufacturer's details Including the full name and address of the Manufacturer. Type of Waterproofing System Loose-Laid or Tightly Bonded. Detailed product description To include all components of the System. Delivery and site handling To include weights and packaging of all components; flashpoints and hazard classifications under the Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 (CHIP3); shelf life. Test results The individual and mean values of tests shall be reported as required Suitable substrates Details of the substrates and their required finish, which the System is approved for. Jointing methods A detailed description of the jointing methods that are approved for use. Repair methods A detailed description of the repair methods that are approved for use including the product(s) and process(es). Application details Details of Installers of the System and their accreditation/training Required preparation of the substrate(s). Application Guidelines for the product - this shall include coverage rates and Minimum and Nominal Thicknesses for liquid-applied systems. On-site quality control tests and the methods of taking measurements, Any limitations on the application process such as minimum temperature and maximum dew point/humidity. Limitations It shall be stated whether or not the components of the System have been tested for resistance to Fuel and Lubricating Oils and, if so, whether they met the criteria. Any limitations to the application, for example, temperature constraints shall be clearly stated. The length of time the components of the System can be exposed to sunlight and corroborative test data. Names and address of the PITH, and of any ITH. Page 31 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Appendix B: Laboratory test methods and performance criteria B.1 General For liquid-applied membranes, the mean thickness of membrane as measured through the test specified in B.4, or a higher thickness deciared by the Manufacturer, shall be the Nominal Thickness used for the remainder of the tests and for site application. Similarly, the minimum thickness of the membrane which passes the test as specified in B.4, or a higher thickness declared by the Manufacturer, shall be the Minimum Thickness used for the remainder of the tests and for site application If the mean and nominal thicknesses of the membrane of the specimen used for the resistance to indentation by ballast test specified in B.13 are found to exceed those specified for the test, those thicknesses shall be the Nominal and Minimum Thicknesses, respectively, for site application A Waterproofing System that does not satisfy the tensile adhesion performance criteria (see B.9 and B.15.5) shall be described as Loose-Laid. B.2 Dimensional and weight tests on sheets, boards and liquid-applied membranes Tests shall be undertaken to determine (a) the dimensions, and (b) the weight per unit area of sheets, boards, and of the free films of liquid-applied membranes. The materials shall be conditioned at 23 °C for a minimum of 12 hours prior to the tests and shall be tested at that temperature. B.2.1 Length, width and straightness of sheets and boards Tests Three rolls of a sheet membrane or three boards shall be conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours; one each at -10 °C, 23 °C and 40 °C. Where the Manufacturer has declared different minimum and maximum temperatures for application, rolls or boards shall be stored at these temperatures instead of -10 °C and 40 °C. The rolls or boards shall be removed from the conditioning area. Rolls shall be immediately unrolled onto a flat surface. a) The straightness of bituminous sheets or boards shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1848-1 b) The straightness of non-bituminous sheets or boards shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1848-2. c) _ Measurements and observations shall be made on sheets in order to assess the performance against the criteria specified in B.3.1 After a), b) and c) have been completed, the rolls or boards stored at -10 °C and 40 °C shall be conditioned at 23 °C for a minimum of 24 hours. Page 32 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 d) The length and width of bituminous sheets or boards shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1848-1. e) The length and width of non-bituminous sheets or boards shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1848-2. Performance criteria The deviation from straightness shall not exceed 10 mm in any 2 metre length. The length of each specimen shall not be less than the nominal length specified by the Manufacturer. The measurements of width shall be within +10 mm of the Manufacturer's declared nominal width. A specimen shall be deemed to have failed the test where its performance is unsatisfactory between 4 °C and 30°C. A specimen that does not comply over the full range of temperature (that is, from -10 °C to 40 °C) but which satisfies the performance criteria over a reduced range shall have that reduced range quoted on the Certificate of Conformity B.2.2 Thickness and weight per unit area of sheets and boards Tests The thickness of bituminous sheets shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1849-1. The thickness of non-bituminous sheets shall be determined in accordance with BS EN 1849-2. The thickness of boards shall be determined to an accuracy of 0.01 mm using a micrometer or dial gauge with an 8 mm diameter pad loaded to exert a pressure of 0.2 MPa, Measurements shall be made at three positions across the width, at the ends and middle at least 100 mm from the edges. A minimum of three specimens measuring 300 (#2) mm square shall be prepared from the sheet membranes and boards and weighed to an accuracy of 0.01 grams. Performance criterion The thickness at any location on any of the specimens shall be within £10 % of the declared Nominal Thickness. Additional reporting requirement The mean weight per unit area of each specimen shall be reported B.2.3 Thickness and weight per unit area of liquid-applied membranes Tests The thickness of a cured liquid-applied membrane shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.01 mm using a micrometer or dial gauge with a 4 mm diameter pad. A minimum of twenty measurements shall be made on each of three 300 Page 33 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 (£2) mm square specimens (thus at least sixty measurements shall be taken) of free film prepared from a 1 metre x 1 metre area of free film. The locations of the measurements shall be evenly spaced over the full area, except that they shall not be taken within 50 mm of the edges of the specimens. The three specimens shall be weighed to an accuracy of 0.01 g Performance criterion The mean thickness of each of the three specimens shall be within +10 % of the Nominal Thickness. Additional reporting requirement The mean weight per unit area of each specimen shall be reported. B.3 Handling tests These tests are undertaken to confirm that preformed membranes and Integral Protective Layers are sufficiently flexible to be handled readily on site over the range of temperatures likely to be encountered there, and/or over the range of temperatures declared by the Manufacturer for the application of the Waterproofing System. B.3.1 Unrolling of a sheet membrane Tests The tests shall be carried on three rolls of sheet membrane as specified in B21 Performance criteria The following requirements shall be met; * no edge damage to the sheet + a sheet should be able to be unrolled by one person «the sheet shall lay flat without damage or rucking * no cracking of the sheet * recoil <2.5 m over 10 m (Tightly Bonded Systems only) * edge curl <50 mm in 150 mm (Tightly Bonded Systems only) The membrane shall be deemed to have failed the test where its performance is unsatisfactory between 4 °C and 30 °C. A membrane that does not comply over the full range of temperature (that is, from -10 °C to 40 °C) but which satisfies the performance criteria over a reduced range shall have that reduced range quoted on the Certificate of Conformity. B.3.2. Unrolling of a sheet membrane from a mandrel Tests Three longitudinal and three transverse specimens (450 by 50 mm) shall be cut from a roll of sheet membrane and be wrapped around a 25 mm diameter mandrel and secured with tape. One of each of these shall be stored at -10 °C, Page 34 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 23 °C and 40 °C for a minimum of 24 hours. Where the Manufacturer has declared different minimum and maximum temperatures, specimens shall be stored at these temperatures instead of -10 °C and 40° C. The strips shall be unwound slowly at the stored temperature. One end shall be bent through 90° and the other tapped gently to a 90° corner. The ease of cutting with a razor-edged knife shall be checked. Performance criteria The following requirements shall be met; no damage, cracking, permanent set or dimensional instability + sheet shall be easy to cut without contamination of the cutting knife The membrane shall be deemed to have failed the test where its performance is unsatisfactory between 4 °C and 30 °C. A membrane that does not comply over the full range of temperature (that is, from -10 °C to 40 °C) but which satisfies the performance criteria over a reduced range shall have that reduced range quoted on the Certificate of Conformity. B.3.3 Tear strength of sheet membranes Tests Unreinforced materials shall be tested in accordance with BS ISO 34-1: Method C. At each test temperature, five specimens shall be tested unless the material is orientated in which case five specimens shall be tested from the machine direction and five from the cross-machine direction (that is, a total of ten tests). Reinforced materials shall be tested in accordance with BS ISO 34-1: Method A. At each test temperature, five specimens shall be tested unless the material is orientated in which case five specimens shall be tested from the machine direction and five from the cross-machine direction (that is, a total of ten tests) Sets of specimens shall be tested at -10 °C, 23 °C, and 40 °C Performance criteria The minimum individual measurement of tear strength for the sheet membrane of a Loose-Laid System shall be 250 Nimm: The minimum individual measurement of tear strength for the sheet membrane of a Tightly Bonded System shall be 220 Nimm at -10 °C, 220 Nimm at 23 °C; and 215 Nimm at 40 °C. B.3.4 Tear strength of Integral Protective Layer Tests In line with B.3.3, Integral Protective Layers shall be tested in accordance with BS ISO 34-1: Method A or C. Sets of specimens shall be tested at -10 °C, 23 °C, and 40 °C. Page 35 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Performance criterion The minimum individual measurement of tearing force shall be 250 N. B.4. Presence of defects in a liquid-applied System when applied to a concrete substrate This test is prescribed to check for the presence and likely effect of defects on the watertightness of a liquid-applied membrane applied to a concrete substrate. Tests The liquid-applied system shall be applied to four size A concrete blocks. Two blocks shall be immersed in water at 23 °C for a minimum of 24 hours after which time they shall be recovered and dried in controlled conditions at 23 °C until the moisture content of the surface of the substrate is the maximum specified in the Application Guidelines. (The assessment of moisture content shall be made visually or using a moisture meter of type specified by the Manufacturer.) The other two blocks shall be kept dry. When the pre-immersed blocks have reached the required moisture content, the liquid-applied System shall be applied to the top surface of all four blocks and allowed to cure in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The curing time(s) of the components of the Waterproofing Systems (primer and membrane) shall be recorded When the Waterproofing System has cured, the surface of the concrete blocks shall be examined for pinholes, blowholes or blisters and the diameters of the five largest (or all such defects where fewer than five exist) shall be measured with a travelling microscope. Performance criteria The curing time(s) of the components of the Waterproofing Systems (primer and membrane) shall be within £10 % of the time(s) declared by the Manufacturer. For any specimen, there shall be no blisters and no more than four pinholes or blowholes continuous or non-continuous within the central 250 by 250 mm area. The size of any pinhole or blowhole shall be recorded and shall not exceed 1 mm in diameter. When a membrane of a given thickness does not meet the above performance criteria, the Manufacturer shall be given the opportunity to apply the membrane as a thicker layer or as two coats, and the test shall be repeated. Where applicable, the number and thickness of each coat shall be recorded for reference (see B.1). Page 36 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 B.5_ Effect of temperature on the curing time of a liquid-applied System B.5.1 Concrete substrates Tests Two number size A concrete blocks shall be conditioned at the minimum temperature (of not less than 4 °C) declared by the Manufacturer for the application of the Waterproofing System for a minimum of 24 hours in an environmental cabinet. Following this, the blocks shall be removed from the cabinet and, without delay, the primer and the membrane and any adhesive shall be applied in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The blocks shall be returned to the cabinet to allow the primer and the membrane and any adhesive to cure in accordance with the Guidelines Performance criterion The curing time of the System on both specimens shall be within #10 % of the time declared by the Manufacturer B.5.2 Steel substrates Tests Three size E steel plates shall be conditioned at 23 °C for a minimum of 24 hours. Following this, the primer and the membrane and any adhesive shall be applied to the plates without delay, in accordance with the Application Guidelines, and allowed to cure at 23 °C in accordance with the Guidelines. ‘further three size E plates shall be conditioned at the minimum temperature (of not less than 4 °C) declared by the Manufacturer for application of the Waterproofing System for a minimum of 24 hours in an environmental cabinet. Following this, the stee! plates shall be removed from the cabinet and, without delay, the primer and the membrane and any adhesive shall be applied in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The plates shall be retumed to the cabinet to allow the primer, the membrane and any adhesive to cure in accordance with the Guidelines. Performance criterion The curing time of the System on all the specimens shall be within +10 % of the time declared by the Manufacturer. B.6 Water absorption This test is undertaken to check whether a membrane may be susceptible to freeze- thaw damage. Tests The three specimens of free film of liquid-applied membrane or sheet membrane which had been tested previously for weight per unit area (see B.2) shall be tested as specified in BS EN 14223. Page 37 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Performance criterion The water absorption shall not exceed 3 % by mass. B.7_ Resistance to water penetration This test checks that a waterproofing membrane is resistant to water penetration, including at lap joints and, where applicable, butt joints, and day joints. Tests The tests shall be carried at 23 °C. Specimens of membrane having a minimum diameter or side of 250 mm shall be subjected on one side to a water pressure of 0.6 +0.1 bar over an area of 150 mm diameter. Three of each of the following types of specimen shall be tested; * plain sheet membrane * sheet membrane with a repair or fabrication joint (lap joint of nominal width and, where applicable, a butt joint) across a diameter * free film of liquid-applied membrane * free film of liquid-applied membrane with a day joint across a diameter The mean thickness of the specimens of liquid-applied membrane (excepting joint specimens) shall not be greater than the Nominal Thickness declared by the Manufacturer. Joints shall be prepared in accordance with the Application Guidelines: all the methods for forming joints as described in the Guidelines shall be tested. The apparatus shall comprise a circular metal flanged box with a 150 mm aperture which can be filled with water and pressurised using, for example, an open-ended pipe. A specimen holder shall be clamped to the water box such that one side of the membrane is in contact with the water in the box. The specimen holder assembly shall consist of; © rubber sealing gasket ‘* test piece mounted so that the surface normally exposed to the weather/water is in contact with the water when under test * metal gauze of adequate strength to withstand the water pressure * upper sealing gasket + clamping ring and nuts Performance criterion There shall be no leakage through any of the specimens during a test of 7 days duration, B.8 Mechanical properties Tests are undertaken to determine (a) the tensile strength and the elongation at break of membranes and sheet IPLs, and (b) the hardness of membranes. Tests are carried out on specimens before and, as specified elsewhere in this Appendix, following preconditioning. The results of the tests on the preconditioned specimens Page 38 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 are used to assess the sensitivity of the mechanical properties of the materials to (simulated) in-service conditions, and avoid the need for more specific but costly tests such as the crack bridging test and resistance to indentation by ballast test. The mean thickness of each specimen of free film of a liquid-applied membrane shall be within £10 % of the Nominal Thickness. B.8.1_ Tensile strength and elongation at break of membranes Tests Unreinforced materials shall be tested in accordance with BS ISO 37: tests shall be undertaken on five Type 1 dumb bell specimens cut in the machine direction and, where the material is orientated, five cut in the cross-machine direction. Reinforced materials shall be tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 1421 Method 1: tests shall be undertaken on five specimens cut in the machine direction and, where the material is orientated, five cut in the cross-machine direction. Where the material has mesh reinforcement, the number of threads along the test length shall be the same for all the test specimens. Sets of specimens shall be tested at -10 °C, 23 °C, and 40 °C. Performance criteria The minimum individual values of tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB) shall be as specified in Table B1 Table B1: Minimum values for tensile strength and elongation at break At-10 °C At23 °C At40°C Type of material and Waterproofing System | TS EB Ts EB Ts EB MPa | % | MPa | % | MPa | % Tightly Bonded System 3 50 3 100 2 100 Unreinforced sheet to a Loose-Laid System 10 150 10 250 10 250 Reinforced Sheet to a Loose-Laid System 15 50 18 50 15 50 B.8.2 Tensile strength and elongation at break of an IPL Tests As with B.8.1, Integral Protective Layers shall be tested in accordance with either BS ISO 37 or BS EN ISO 1421, and sets of specimens shall be tested at -10 °C, 23 °C, and 40 °C Page 39 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Performance criteria The minimum individual measured values of tensile strength and of elongation at break shall be 24 MPa and 250 % respectively. B.8.3 Hardness of membranes The resistance to penetration of a waterproofing membrane is assessed through a resistance to indentation by ballast test (see B.13). A performance criterion is not given for the original hardness, but one is given for the change in hardness after preconditioning Tests Three specimens shall be tested at 23 °C in accordance with BS 903-A26: 1995, ISO 48: 1994 method N or H. Reporting requirement The mean value of the hardness of each specimen shall be recorded. B.9 Tensile adhesion Tests are prescribed to determine the effect of the following on the adhesion developed between the membrane of a Tightly Bonded System and a substrate; the test temperature * the moisture content of a concrete substrate at application * the temperature of a concrete substrate at application * the temperature of a steel substrate at application Waterproofing Systems for concrete substrates shall be applied to the surface of size D blocks (or larger) Waterproofing Systems for steel substrates shall be applied to the surface of size F plates (or larger) For the adhesion tests, a set of specimens shall comprise either; a) three 100 mm square by 10 mm thick metal plates bonded to three separate specimens, or b) six 50 mm diameter metal dollies, or six 50 mm square by 10 mm thick metal plates, bonded to two specimens (three per specimen). The areas of the Waterproofing System under the metal plates or dollies shall be isolated by cutting down to and just into the substrate without disturbing the Waterproofing System. The metal plates and dollies shall be bonded to the membrane with an adhesive that does not affect the properties of the membrane. The metal dollies, cutter and machine made for pulling dollies from the test surface shall be in accordance with BS EN ISO 4624 Page 40 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 A force perpendicular to the test surface shall be applied to pull the metal plates and dollies from the surface. The maximum force shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.1 KN. For tests with 100 mm square plates, the stressing rate shall be 0.04 0.01 MPa Tests with dollies shall be in accordance with BS EN ISO 4624, or in accordance with BS EN 13596 with a stressing rate of 0.04 40.01 MPa. Tests with 50 mm. square plates shall be in accordance with BS EN 13596 with a stressing rate of 0.04 +£0.01 MPa. B.9.1 Effect of test temperature Tests Specimens of Waterproofing Systems for concrete substrates shall be applied in accordance with the Application Guidelines at 23 °C and conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours at that temperature. Specimens of Waterproofing Systems for steel substrates shall be applied in accordance with the Application Guidelines at 23 °C and conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours at that temperature. Sets of specimens shall be tested at -10 °C, 23 °C, and 40 °C. Prior to the tests, the specimens shall be conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours at the test temperature. Performance criteria for concrete substrates The minimum individual measurement of adhesion of the membrane to a concrete substrate shall be; © 0.7 MPa at-10 °C © 0.7 MP at 23°C * 0.5 MPa at 40 °C The mean value of adhesion between a membrane and a concrete substrate shall not be less than 1.0 MPa at -10 °C, 1.0 MPa at 23 °C, and 0.7 MPa at 40°C. ‘A Waterproofing System that does not satisfy these performance criteria shall be described as Loose-Laid Performance criteria for stee! substrates The minimum individual measurement of adhesion of the membrane to a steel substrate shall be; * 1.5 MPa at-10°C * 1.5 MPa at 23°C * 0.7 MPa at 40°C The mean value of adhesion between a membrane and a steel substrate shall not be less than 2.0 MPa at -10 °C, 2.0 MPa at 23 °C, and 1.0 MPa at 40 °C. Page 41 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 ‘A Waterproofing System that does not satisfy these performance criteria shall be described as Loose-Laid. Additional reporting requirement for concrete and stee! substrates The modes of failure shall be recorded, and the area of failure (in round percentage) for each mode shall be noted. B.9.2 Effect of moisture content of a concrete substrate Tests Concrete blocks shall be immersed in water at 23 °C for a minimum of 24 hours. Following this, the blocks shall be dried in controlled conditions at 23 °C until the moisture content of the surface of the substrate is the maximum specified in the Application Guidelines. (The assessment of moisture content shall be made visually or using a moisture meter of a type specified by the Manufacturer.) When the blocks have reached the required moisture content, the primer, adhesive (if any) and membrane shall be applied to the top surface of them and ! allowed to cure in accordance with the Application Guidelines. Sets of specimens shall be tested at 23 °C. Performance criteria The minimum measured value of adhesion shall be 20.7 MPa, and the mean value shall be 250 % of the mean value of adhesion measured for a dry substrate at 23 °C (see B.9.1). B.9.3 Effect of temperature of the substrate Tests for concrete substrates Concrete blocks shall be conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours in an environmental cabinet at the minimum temperature (of not less than 4 °C) declared by the Manufacturer for the application of the Waterproofing System. Following this, the blocks shall be removed from the cabinet and, without delay, the primer, membrane and any adhesive shall be applied to them in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The blocks shall be returned to the cabinet to allow the primer, membrane and any adhesive to cure in accordance with the Application Guidelines. Sets of specimens shall be tested at 23 °C. Performance criteria for concrete substrates The minimum measured value of adhesion shall be 20.7 MPa, and the mean value shall be 250 % of the mean value of adhesion measured for a dry substrate and at 23 °C (see B,9.1). Page 42 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 Tests for steel substrates Steel plates shall be conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours in an environmental cabinet at the minimum temperature (of not less than 4 °C) declared by the Manufacturer for the application of the Waterproofing System. Following this, the plates shall be removed from the cabinet and, without delay, the primer, membrane and any adhesive shall be applied in accordance with the Application Guidelines. The plates shall be returned to the cabinet to allow the primer, membrane and any adhesive to cure in accordance with the Application Guidelines. Sets of specimens shall be tested at 23 °C. Performance criteria for steel substrates The minimum measured value of adhesion shall be 21.5 MPa, and the mean value shall be 250 % of the mean value of adhesion measured for a dry substrate and at 23 °C (see B.9.1). B.10 Bond of sheets at joints Tests are prescribed to determine the bond of a Loose-Laid sheet membrane to itself or another membrane, and the bond of a Loose-Laid sheet membrane to a substrate at an edge or where it is used as a joint material B.10.1 Bond strength of sheet to sheet joints Tests Joints between sheets shall be prepared in accordance with the Application Guidelines: all the types of joint described in the Guidelines shall be tested Twelve joints of each type are required to be tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 11339 (at a preferred loading rate of 100 mm/min). Sets of three specimens of each type of joint shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours, one set each at -10 °C, 23 °C and 40°C, and then tested at that temperature. In addition, a set of three specimens of each type of joint shall be conditioned for 28 days in a ventilated oven at 70 °C #3 °C before they are conditioned for 24 hours at 23 °C and then tested at that temperature. Performance criteria The minimum individual measurement of the bond strength shall be 22 N/mm at -10 C, 22 Nimm at 23 °C, and 21 Nimm at 40 °C. After conditioning at 70 °C +3 °C, the mean bond strength shall be 280 % of the mean bond strength measured at 23 °C without preconditioning B.10.2. Bond strength of sheet to substrate joints Tests Joints of the sheet to the substrate shall be prepared in accordance with the Application Guidelines: all the types of joint described in the Guidelines shall be Page 43 of 58Reference NRILSICIVIOAT Issue 3 Publication date 26" August 2008 ‘Compliance date @” June 2008 tested. Twelve joints of each type are required to be tested in accordance with BS EN 28510-2 (at a preferred loading rate of 100 mm/min). Sets of three specimens of each type of joint shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours, one set each at -10 °C, 23 °C and 40°C, and then tested at that temperature. In addition, a set of three specimens of each type of joint shall be conditioned for 28 days in a ventilated oven at 70 °C #3 °C before they are conditioned for 24 hours at 23 °C and then tested at that temperature Performance criteria The minimum individual measurement of bond strength shall be 23 N/mm at 23 °C, 23 Nimm at -10 °C and 21 N/mm at 40 °C. After conditioning at 70 °C 3 °C, the mean bond strength shall be 280 % of the mean bond strength measured at 23 °C without preconditioning B.11 Resistance of repairs to water penetration These tests are prescribed to determine whether a repaired waterproofing membrane is resistant to water penetration. Such tests shall be undertaken on repair techniques and repair materials that were not tested under B.7. Tests Three specimens of a plain sheet membrane or free film of a liquid-applied membrane having a minimum linear dimension of 250 mm shall be prepared, and a 25 mm square section shall be cut out from their centre. The mean thickness of the specimens of liquid-applied membrane shall not be greater than the Nominal Thickness declared by the Manufacturer. A repair shall be made in less than 24 hours and in accordance with the Application Guidelines. If the maximum overlap of the repair is required to be greater than 50 mm, the size of the specimens and the leakage test equipment described in B.7 shall be increased accordingly so that the area of the specimens subjected to water pressure exceeds the extent of the repair by at least 25 mm. Performance criteria There shall be no leakage through the repaired membrane of a Loose-Laid System after a resistance to water penetration test of 7 day duration (see B.7) There shall be no leakage through the repaired membrane of a Tightly Bonded System after a resistance to water penetration test of 24 hours duration (see B.7). B.12__ Resistance to chisel impact This test is to undertaken to determine the resistance of a waterproofing membrane to accidental impact during and after its application but before the ballast is placed. The test applies to sheet membranes, and to free-film liquid-applied membranes except those that are overlaid with an IPL before they have cured Page 44 of 58