Sample exercise_ ball swinging from a mobile trolly 24/10/2022

Dynamics (undergraduate level) Iman Shamim

Solution of “A moving trolly and the swinging ball” question.

With regard to the question which was left un-solved in today’s class, the following
method of solution can be followed.
i) kinematics of the motion (when the ball swings to the right from the rest, trolly moves
to the left side)

Fig. 1: diagram of velocities when the ball reaches its lowest height
ii) work and kinetic energy relation

1 1
0  U12  mT vT2  mB vB2
2 2
and,
U12  mB gL(1  cos(30o ))
vB  vT  vB /T
iii) principle of momentum and impulse in x (horizontal) and y directions

x-direction: 0=-mT vT  mB vB
y-direction: 0+(-w T t +  N (t )dt -w B t )=0
In the above equation, W are the weights and N is the reaction force exerted by the
ground on the trolly. From equations given in (ii) and (iii), it follows that:
Sample exercise_ ball swinging from a mobile trolly 24/10/2022
Dynamics (undergraduate level) Iman Shamim
mB
0=-mT vT  mB vB 
 vT  vB
mT
replacing vT in equation (ii) gives:
1 1
mB gL(1  cos(30o ))  mT vT2  mB vB2 (ii)
2 2
1  m m 
mB gL(1  cos(30o ))  mT vB2 ( B ) 2  ( B ) 
2  mT mT 
1/ 2
 
 2 gL (1  cos(30o ))  m
 vB    , vT  B vB
 m  mT
( B ) 1
 mT 
Also,

T force  WB  mB vB2 / L, WB  mB g
2 L(1  cos(30o ))
 T force  mB g (1  )
mB
(( )  1) L
mT
If trolly and the ball have the same weight and angle at the time of release is :

Initial Angle,  T force = mB g (2  cos( o ))

0 mB g
15 1.03mB g
30 1.13mB g
45 1.29mB g
60 1.5mB g
75 1.74mB g
90 2 mB g