OB-1, MCQ's Merged

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Site Title: Organizational Behaviour, euro edition Summary of Results

Book Title: Organizational Behaviour
67% Correct of 15
Scored items:
Book Author: Robbins 10 Correct:
67%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 3: Attitudes and 5 Incorrect:
33%
job satisfaction > Pre Test More information about scoring
Date/Time June 21, 2022 at 9:55 PM (UTC/GMT)
Submitted:
1. _____ are evaluative statements, either favourable or unfavourable, concerning objects,

people, or events.
Your Answer: Attitudes
2. The _____ component of an attitude relates to opinions or beliefs.
Your Answer: cognitive
3. The _____ component of an attitude relates to emotions and feelings.
Your Answer: affective
4. _____ refers to any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behaviour and
attitudes.
Your Answer: Cognitive dissonance
5. Research into the relationship between attitudes and behaviour was conducted by _____.
Your Answer: Herzberg

Correct Answer: Festinger
Leon Festinger argued that attitudes follow behaviour. Festinger argued that any form of
inconsistency between attitudes and behaviour is uncomfortable and that individuals will
attempt to reduce the dissonance and the discomfort.
6. _____ is a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.
Your Answer: Job satisfaction

7. _____ is the degree to which a person psychologically identifies with his or her job.
Your Answer: Job commitment

Correct Answer: Job involvement
Job involvement is the degree to which a person psychologically identifies with his or her job.
Job involvement measures the degree to which a person identifies psychologically with his or
her job and considers his or her perceived performance level important to self-worth.
8. _____ is an employee's belief that he significantly affects his work environment, his
competence, the meaningfulness of his job, and the perceived autonomy in his work.
Your Answer: Psychological empowerment
9. _____ is the degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its
goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization.
Your Answer: Job involvement

Correct Answer: Organizational commitment
Organizational commitment is the degree to which an employee identifies with a particular

organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization. There are
three separate dimensions to organizational commitment: affective commitment, continuance
commitment, and normative commitment.
10. _____ is an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he
or she does.
Your Answer: Perceived organizational support

Correct Answer: Employee engagement
Employee engagement is an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm

for the work he or she does. A recent study found that business units with high average levels
of employee engagement had higher levels of customer satisfaction, were more productive,
had higher profits, and had lower levels of turnover and accidents.
11. _____ is a positive feeling about the job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.
Your Answer: Job enlargement

Correct Answer: Job satisfaction
Job satisfaction is a positive feeling about the job resulting from an evaluation of its
characteristics.
12. When a survey asks, "All things considered, how satisfied are you with your job?" it is
employing a _____.
Your Answer: Single rating system
13. Which of the following statements is most TRUE?
Your Answer: Productive workers tend to be satisfied workers
14. When employees are dissatisfied, they may respond with _____, actively and constructively
attempting to improve conditions.
Your Answer: voice
15. High job satisfaction is associated with _____.
Your Answer: a high level of organizational citizenship behaviour
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Your Results for: "Pre Test " Print this page

60% Correct of 15
Scored items:
60%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 4: Personality 6 Incorrect:
40%
and values > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. _____ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
Your Answer: Moods

Correct Answer: Personality
Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
It is most often described in terms of measurable traits that a person exhibits.
2. _____ refers to those factors that were determined at conception.
Your Answer: Heredity
3. Genetics account for approximately _____ of the variation in occupational interests.
Your Answer: 10 percent

Correct Answer: 30 percent
Genetics account for approximately 30 percent of the variation in occupational interests and
50 percent of personality differences.
4. _____ are enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behavior.
Your Answer: Personality traits
5. The _____ is the most popular typology of personality traits.
Your Answer: Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
6. _____is the degree to which individuals like or dislike themselves, whether they see
themselves as capable and effective, and whether they feel they are in control of their
environment.
Your Answer: Core self-evaluation
7. _____ is the tendency to be pragmatic, emotionally distant, and exploitative.
Your Answer: Machiavellianism
8. _____ refers to the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance,

require excessive self-admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
Your Answer: Narcissism
9. An individual who is able to adjust his/her behavior to external factors is a high _____.
Your Answer: self-monitor
10. Those who have a _____ personality are perpetually involved in a struggle to do more and
more activities in less time.
Your Answer: Type A
11. The value attribute that specifies importance is known as ____.
Your Answer: mode of conduct

Correct Answer: intensity
The value attribute that specifies importance is known as intensity. When we rank an
individual's values in terms of their intensity, we obtain that person's value system.
12. The _____ survey measures instrumental and terminal values.
Your Answer: None of the above

Correct Answer: Rokeach
The Rokeach survey measures instrumental and terminal values. This survey is useful in
understanding differences in values between groups.
13. Workers who entered the workforce in the 1950s and 1960s are called _____.
Your Answer: Boomers

Correct Answer: Veterans
The term Veterans refers to those who entered the workforce during the 1950's and 1960's.
They believe in hard work, the status quo, and authority figures.
14. Gender differentiation measures _____
Your Answer: the extent to which a society maximizes gender role differences.
15. John Holland is associated with the _____.
Your Answer: Organizational Culture Profile

Correct Answer: Vocational Preference Inventory
John Holland is associated with the Vocational Preference Inventory. According to Holland,
satisfaction is highest and turnover is lowest when personality and occupation are in
agreement.
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73% Correct of 15
Scored items:
73%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 5: Perception 4 Incorrect:
27%
and individual decision making > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. _____ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions.
Your Answer: Perception
2. According to _____, when observing the behaviour of others, individuals attempt to

determine if the behaviour is internally or externally caused.
Your Answer: attribution theory
3. If a person is seen as having been forced into a situation, the cause of his/her behaviour is
____.
Your Answer: external
4. _____ refers to whether an individual displays different behaviours in different situations.
Your Answer: Distinctiveness
5. When we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he or she
belongs, we are using the decision making technique of _____.
Your Answer: stereotyping
6. The decision maker's interests, values, and similar personal preferences are important when
engaging in the _____ step of the rational decision-making model.
Your Answer: analyzing the alternatives

Correct Answer: identifying the decision criteria
The decision maker's interests, values, and similar personal preferences are important when
engaging in the identifying the decision criteria step of the rational decision-making model.
7. The rational decision making process assumes _____.
Your Answer: all of the above
8. Through _____, decision makers construct simplified models that extract the essential
features from problems without capturing all of their complexity.
Your Answer: bounded rationality
9. _____ is a non-conscious process created from distilled experience.
Your Answer: Intuitive decision making
10. _____ bias is the tendency to fixate on initial information.
Your Answer: Anchoring
11. _____, a dimension of conscientiousness, increases the likelihood of escalation of

commitment.
Your Answer: Self-esteem

Correct Answer: Achievement-striving
Achievement-striving, a dimension of conscientiousness, increases the likelihood of escalation

of commitment, while dutifulness, another dimension of conscientiousness, is negatively
associated with the same the bias.
12. Which of the following statements about gender differences in decision-making is TRUE?
Your Answer: Men tend to analyze decisions more than women.

Correct Answer: Women are more likely to carefully consider problems and choices.
Overall, research demonstrates that women analyze decisions more than men and are more
likely to engage in rumination. While rumination can be negative, women are more likely to
carefully consider problems and choices.
13. Which of the following is NOT an organizational constraint?
Your Answer: culture

14. Which is not an ethical decision-making criterion?
Your Answer: personal benefit
15. Use of _____ decision criteria would protect whistle-blowers, individuals who report unethical
or illegal practices by their employer to outsiders.
Your Answer: utilitarianism

Correct Answer: rights
Use of rights decision criteria would protect whistle-blowers, individuals who report unethical
or illegal practices by their employer to outsiders.
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60% Correct of 15
Scored items:
60%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 6: Motivation 6 Incorrect:
40%
concepts > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. _____ is the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of
effort toward attaining a goal.
Your Answer: Motivation
2. Which is NOT a dimension in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Your Answer: Ego
3. _____ theory is an extension of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Your Answer: Two-factor

Correct Answer: ERG
ERG theory is an extension of Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposed by Clayton Alderfer.
4. Which of the following comments was made by a Theory X manager?
Your Answer: Employees will exercise discretion.

Correct Answer: Employees dislike work.
Theory X managers believe that employees dislike work, are lazy, and must be controlled or
coerced into producing.
5. Which of the following is a motivational factor, according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?
Your Answer: recognition
6. According to _____ theory, allocating extrinsic rewards for behaviour that had been
previously intrinsically rewarding tends to decrease the overall level of motivation.
Your Answer: cognitive evaluation
7. According to Edwin Locke, _____ goals produce the greatest degree of achievement.
Your Answer: specific and easy

Correct Answer: specific and difficult
According to Edwin Locke's goal-setting theory, specific and difficult goals produce the
greatest degree of achievement.
8. _____ programs emphasize participatively set goals that are tangible, verifiable, and
measurable.
Your Answer: Management by objectives
9. _____ is also known as social cognitive theory or social learning theory.
Your Answer: Self-efficacy
10. The _____ effect is a form of self-fulfilling prophecy where believing something to be true can
make it true.
Your Answer: Pygmalion
11. _____ theory argues that behaviour is a function of its consequences.
Your Answer: Reinforcement
12. _____ theory makes the assumption that people will compare their job inputs and outcomes
with those of others and then respond to eliminate perceived inequities.
Your Answer: Equity
13. When an employee compares their inputs and outcomes with another employee within their
organization, they are making a(n) _____ comparison.
Your Answer: self-inside

Correct Answer: other-inside
When an employee compares their inputs and outcomes with another employee within their
organization, they are making an other-outside comparison.
14. _____ justice is the perceived degree to which an individual is treated with dignity, concern,
and respect.
Your Answer: Distributive

Correct Answer: Interactional
Interactional justice is the perceived degree to which an individual is treated with dignity,
concern, and respect.
15. According to expectancy theory, which of the following factors lead to good performance?
Your Answer: All of the above

Correct Answer: The individual must have the requisite ability to perform.
Expectancy theory refers to an individual's assessment of the abilities needed to achieve, the
subsequent rewards, and the preferences of those rewards.
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67% Correct of 15
Scored items:
67%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 7: Motivation: 5 Incorrect:
33%
from concepts to applications > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. The _____ suggests that any job can be described in terms of five core job dimensions.
Your Answer: job characteristics model
2. _____ is the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of
work.
Your Answer: Task identity
3. _____ is the horizontal expansion of a job.
Your Answer: Job enlargement
4. Jobs may be enriched by _____, grouping tasks so that an employee creates an identifiable
and meaningful output.
Your Answer: forming natural work units
5. Bill and Jane each work 20 hours per week and share the same job. They benefit from their
company's _____ program, which allows two employees to share one full-time job.
Your Answer: job sharing
6. Which of the following is one of the three major forms of employee involvement?
Your Answer: participative management
7. _____ is the distinct characteristic common to all participative management programs.
Your Answer: Group consensus

Correct Answer: Joint decision making
Joint decision making is the distinct characteristic common to all participative management
programs.
8. Which of the following is an example of representative participation?
Your Answer: board representatives
9. A _____ is a work group of eight to ten employees and supervisors that meet regularly to
discuss their quality problems, investigate causes of the problems, recommend solutions, and
take corrective actions.
Your Answer: board representative

Correct Answer: quality circle
A quality circle is a work group of eight to ten employees and supervisors that meet regularly
to discuss their quality problems, investigate causes of the problems, recommend solutions,
and take corrective actions.
10. An advantage of _____ is that they allow employers to differentiate pay based on
performance, so that those people thought to be high performers are given bigger raises.
Your Answer: merit pay plans
11. _____ allow employees to choose benefits that best meet their needs.
Your Answer: Flexible benefits
12. _____ plans allow employees to set aside up to the dollar amount offered in the plan to pay
for particular services.
Your Answer: Profit sharing

Correct Answer: Flexible spending
Flexible spending plans allow employees to set aside up to the dollar amount offered in the
plan to pay for particular services.
13. _____ range from private letters of thanks to publicized formal programs where specific types
of behaviour are encouraged and the procedures for attaining recognition are clearly
identified.
Your Answer: Employee recognition programs

14. Across all countries, _____ job characteristics (pay, working conditions) were consistently and
positively related to satisfaction with one's job.
Your Answer: intuitive

Correct Answer: extrinsic
Across all countries, extrinsic job characteristics (pay, working conditions) were consistently
and positively related to satisfaction with one's job.
15. Richer countries, countries with stronger social security, countries that stressed individualism
rather than collectivism, and countries with a smaller power distance showed a stronger
relationship between the presence of _____ job characteristics (recognition, interesting job)
and job satisfaction.
Your Answer: extrinsic

Correct Answer: intrinsic
Richer countries, countries with stronger social security, countries that stressed individualism
rather than collectivism, and countries with a smaller power distance showed a stronger
relationship between the presence of intrinsic job characteristics (recognition, interesting job)
and job satisfaction.
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87% Correct of 15
Scored items:
87%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 9: Foundations 2 Incorrect:
13%
of group behaviour > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. A _____ is two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come together
to achieve particular objectives.
Your Answer: group
2. A(n) _____ group is determined by the organization chart.
Your Answer: command
3. A _____ group can cross command relationships.
Your Answer: interest

Correct Answer: task
A task group represents those working together to complete a job task and can cross
command relationships.
4. Which is the first stage in the five stage group formation model?
Your Answer: Forming
5. The _____ model describes the sequence of actions taken by temporary groups with
deadlines.
Your Answer: punctuated equilibrium
6. _____ are acceptable standards of behaviour that are shared by a group's members.
Your Answer: Norms

7. _____ norms are associated with explicit clues on how hard to work, how to get the job done,
and the appropriate level of output.
Your Answer: Performance
8. Dress codes and unspoken rules about when to look busy would fall under _____ norms.
Your Answer: appearance
9. Which of the following was NOT a conclusion of the Hawthorne studies?
Your Answer: Output increases and decreases proportionately to changes in illumination.
10. Groups differ in _____, the degree to which members are attracted to each other and are
motivated to stay in the group.
Your Answer: cohesiveness
11. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group decision making?
Your Answer: Group decisions save time.
12. Using the criteria of _____ to measure effectiveness, individual decisions more effective than
group decisions.
Your Answer: speed
13. _____ refers to situations in which group pressures for conformity deter the group from
critically appraising unusual, minority, or unpopular views.
Your Answer: Groupthink
14. When is groupthink LEAST likely to occur?
Your Answer: When the group is very small
15. In a(n) _____ group, members meet face-to-face and rely on both verbal and nonverbal
interaction to communicate with each other.
Your Answer: geographic
Correct Answer: interacting
In a(n) interacting group, members meet face-to-face and rely on both verbal and nonverbal
interaction to communicate with each other.
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43% Correct of 14
Scored items:
43%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 10: 8 Incorrect:
57%
Understanding work teams > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. A _____ occurs when a company hires a team of employees, rather than selected individuals,
from a competitor.
Your Answer: cross-functional team

Correct Answer: lift-out
The opening story describes the benefits of lift-outs.
2. A ____ consists of two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come
together to achieve particular objectives.
Your Answer: team

Correct Answer: group
A group consists of two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come
together to achieve particular objectives.
3. A _____ interacts primarily to share information and to make decisions to help each member
perform within his or her area of responsibility.
Your Answer: work group
4. _____ are teams from the same department who meet for a few hours each week to discuss
ways of improving quality, efficiency, and the work environment.
Your Answer: Problem-solving teams
5. The effectiveness of self-managed work teams is dependent upon the _____.
Your Answer: type of tasks the team undertakes

Correct Answer: all of the above
The effectiveness of self-managed work teams is dependent upon the strength and make-up
of the team norms, types of tasks the team undertakes, and the reward structure.
6. Team effectiveness is dependent upon context, composition, work design, and process. _____
includes autonomy, skill variety, task identity, and task significance.
Your Answer: Context

Correct Answer: Work design
Team effectiveness is dependent upon context, composition, work design, and process. Work
design includes autonomy, skill variety, task identity, and task significance.
7. Team effectiveness is dependent upon context, composition, work design, and process. _____
includes common purpose, specific goals, team efficacy, conflict levels, and social loafing.
Your Answer: Composition

Correct Answer: Process
Team effectiveness is dependent upon context, composition, work design, and process.
Process includes common purpose, specific goals, team efficacy, conflict levels, and social
loafing.
8. Which of the following is NOT a contextual factor affecting team effectiveness?
Your Answer: climate of trust

Correct Answer: abilities of members
Group effectiveness is dependent on contextual factors such as presence of adequate

resources, effective leadership and structure, a climate of trust, and a performance evaluation
and reward system that reflects team contributions.
9. A team member functioning as a(n) _____ fights external battles.
Your Answer: promoter

Correct Answer: maintainer
A team member functioning as a maintainer fights external battles.
10. Generally speaking, the most effective teams have _____ members.
Your Answer: less than ten
11. Teams fit well in countries that have ____ cultures.
Your Answer: collectivist

12. _____ added an annual bonus based on achievement of team goals.
Your Answer: Hallmark Cards
13. When determining if a team fits the situation, managers must address all of the following
questions EXCEPT:
Your Answer: Does the work create a common purpose or set of goals for the people in
the group that is more than the aggregate of individual goals?
Correct Answer: Will teamwork require changes in the workplace?
Companies can evaluate whether an environment is conducive to teams using the following
criteria:
Can the work be done better by one person?
Does the work create a common
purpose or set of goals for the people in the group that is more than the aggregate of
individual goals?
Are the members of the group interdependent?
14. A major survey put the number of workers across

the European Union who do part or all their
work in teams at _____.
Your Answer: 60 percent
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64% Correct of 14
Scored items:
64%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 14: Power and 5 Incorrect:
36%
politics > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. _____ is the capacity to influence behaviour.
Your Answer: Power
2. The ability to influence another is a function of _____.
Your Answer: dependency
3. The ability to coerce or reward stems from _____ power.
Your Answer: information

Correct Answer: formal
The ability to coerce or reward stems from formal power.
4. Power based on identification with a person who has desirable resources or personal traits is
known as _____ power.
Your Answer: referent
5. If something is plentiful, possession of it will not increase your power. A resource need to be
perceived as _____ to create dependency.
Your Answer: scarce
6. The power tactic of _____ involves developing emotional commitment by appealing to a

target's values, needs, hopes, and aspirations.
Your Answer: legitimacy

Correct Answer: inspirational appeal
The power tactic of inspirational appeal involves developing emotional commitment by
appealing to a target's values, needs, hopes, and aspirations.
7. _____ involves relying on one's authority position or stressing that a request is in accordance
with organizational policies or rules.
Your Answer: Rational persuasion

Correct Answer: Legitimacy
Legitimacy involves relying on one's authority position or stressing that a request is in

accordance with organizational policies or rules.
8. The power tactic of _____ involves using warnings, repeated demands, and threats.
Your Answer: pressure
9. _____ is any unwanted activity of a sexual nature that affects an individual's employment
and creates a hostile work environment.
Your Answer: Sexual harassment
10. _____ consists of activities that are not required as part of one's formal role in the
organization.
Your Answer: Political behaviour
11. _____ political activities include complaining to one's supervisor, bypassing the chain of
command, forming coalitions, obstructing organizational politics, excessively adhering to
rules, developing contacts outside the organization.
Your Answer: Illegitimate

Correct Answer: Legitimate
Legitimate political activities include complaining to one's supervisor, bypassing the chain of
command, forming coalitions, obstructing organizational politics, excessively adhering to
rules, developing contacts outside the organization.
12. Which of the following is NOT an individual characteristic associated with political behaviour?
Your Answer: Machiavellianism

Correct Answer: low self-monitor
High self-monitors are more likely to engage in political behaviour.

13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organizations with significant political
activity?
Your Answer: Win-win approach to reward allocations
14. _____ includes avoiding action, avoiding blame, and avoiding change.
Your Answer: Defensive behaviour
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47% Correct of 15
Scored items:
47%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 15: Conflict and 8 Incorrect:
53%
negotiation > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. ______ occurs when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is
about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about.
Your Answer: Conflict
2. The ____ view states that all conflict should be avoided.
Your Answer: peace

Correct Answer: traditional
The traditional view states that all conflict should be avoided.
3. The _____ view suggests that conflict is a natural occurrence in all groups.
Your Answer: interactionist

Correct Answer: human relations
The human relations view suggests that conflict is a natural occurrence in all groups.
4. _____ forms of conflict support the goals of the group and improve its performance.
Your Answer: Relationship

Correct Answer: Functional
Functional forms of conflict support the goals of the group and improve its performance.
5. _____ conflict relates to the content and goals of the work.
Your Answer: Task
6. _____ variables include semantic difficulties, misunderstandings, and noise in communication

channels.
Your Answer: Communication
7. When one or more parties are aware of the existence of the antecedent conditions, conflict
may be _____, but it is not personalized.
Your Answer: assumed

Correct Answer: perceived
When one or more parties are aware of the existence of the antecedent conditions, conflict
may be perceived, but it is not personalized.
8. _____ refers to the degree to which one party attempts to satisfy the other party's concerns.
Your Answer: Agreeableness

Correct Answer: Cooperativeness
Cooperativeness refers to the degree to which one party attempts to satisfy the other party's
concerns.
9. In _____, the intention of the parties is to solve the problem by clarifying differences rather
than accommodating various points of view.
Your Answer: accommodating

Correct Answer: collaborating
In collaborating, the intention of the parties is to solve the problem by clarifying differences
rather than accommodating various points of view.
10. The conflict-handling intention of _____ is midrange on both assertiveness and

cooperativeness.
Your Answer: collaborating

Correct Answer: compromising
The conflict-handling intention of compromising is midrange on both assertiveness and

cooperativeness.
11. _____ bargaining presumes zero-sum conditions.
Your Answer: Collective

Correct Answer: Distributive
Distributive bargaining presumes zero-sum conditions.

12. In negotiating, the _____ is the point that both parties would like to achieve.
Your Answer: target point
13. _____ bargaining assumes there are one or more settlements that can create a win-win
situation.
Your Answer: Integrative
14. Which of the following is NOT a step in the negotiation process?
Your Answer: Evaluation and feedback
15. Which of the following is TRUE of women in negotiating?
Your Answer: Women demonstrate less confidence in anticipation of negotiating.
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73% Correct of 15
Scored items:
73%
Location on Site: Student Resources > Chapter 16: Foundations 4 Incorrect:
27%
of organization structure > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. Work specialization is also known as _____.
Your Answer: division of labour
2. _____ is the basis by which jobs are grouped together.
Your Answer: Departmentalization
3. The _____ is an unbroken line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to
the lowest level and clarifies who reports to whom.
Your Answer: chain of command
4. _____ refers to the number of employees that can be directed by one manager.
Your Answer: Authority

Correct Answer: Span of control
Span of control refers to the number of employees that can be directed by one manager.
5. _____ is the degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point in the
organization.
Your Answer: Centralization
6. Most small businesses are organized as _____.
Your Answer: simple structures
7
7. The key concept that underlies all bureaucracies is _____.
Your Answer: flexibility

Correct Answer: standardization
The key concept that underlies all bureaucracies is standardization.
8. The _____ combines two forms of departmentalization: functional and product.
Your Answer: matrix structure
9. Which of the following is an advantage of a matrix organization?
Your Answer: Coordination of complex and interdependent activities.
10. A _____ relies primarily on outsourcing.
Your Answer: virtual organization
11. The _____ model has extensive departmentalization, high formalization, a limited information
network, and little participation by low-level members in decision making.
Your Answer: mechanistic
12. A(n) _____ organization uses flat, cross-hierarchal and cross-functional teams, has low
formalization, possesses a comprehensive information network, and involves high
participation in decision making.
Your Answer: organic
13. Organizations that pursue a cost-minimization strategy are more likely to choose a(n) _____
structure.
Your Answer: mechanistic
14. _____ refers to how a firm converts its inputs to outputs.
Your Answer: Routine

Correct Answer: Technology
Technology refers to how a firm converts its inputs to outputs.
15. _____ is the degree to which an environment can support growth.
Your Answer: Instability

Correct Answer: Capacity
Capacity is the degree to which an environment can support growth.
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57% Correct of 14
Scored items:
57%
43%
Organizational culture > Pre Test More information about scoring
Submitted:
1. When an organization becomes _____, it takes on a life of its own, apart from its founders or
any of its members.
Your Answer: institutionalized
2. _____ is a shared system of meaning among employees.
Your Answer: Organizational culture
3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an organization's culture?
Your Answer: Assertiveness
4. The term "organizational culture" is considered _____, while "job satisfaction" is _____.
Your Answer: descriptive, evaluative
5. Which of the following is NOT a function of culture?
Your Answer: Generation of commitment

Correct Answer: Acceptance of diversity
Culture performs many functions. It acts as a boundary-defining role; it conveys a sense of

identity for organizational members; it facilitate the generation of commitment to something
larger than one's individual self-interest; it enhances the stability of the social system; it
provides appropriate standards for how employees should behave; and it serves as a sense-
making and control mechanism that shapes employees attitudes.
6. Individual-organizational fit refers to _____.
Your Answer: whether the applicant or employee's attitudes and behaviour are compatible
with the culture.
7. _____ is known for its democratic culture.
Your Answer: BFI

Correct Answer: W. R. Gore
W. R. Gore is known for its democratic culture.
8. The process of "onboarding" is a type of ____ at Limited Brands.
Your Answer: training

Correct Answer: socialization
The process of "onboarding" is a type of socialization at the Limited.
9. The _____ stage explicitly recognizes that each individual arrives with a set of values,
attitudes, and expectations.
Your Answer: selection

Correct Answer: prearrival
The prearrival stage explicitly recognizes that each individual arrives with a set of values,
attitudes, and expectations.
10. Which of the following is NOT associated with organizations with high ethical standards?
Your Answer: high in innovation

Correct Answer: high aggressiveness
An organizational culture most likely to shape high ethical standards is one that is high in risk
tolerance, low to moderate in aggressiveness, and focuses on means as well as outcomes.
11. Employees will view the behaviour of _____ as a benchmark for defining appropriate
behaviour.
Your Answer: new employees

Correct Answer: top management
Employees will view the behaviour of top management as a benchmark for defining
appropriate behaviour.
12. A _____ is defined as a culture that emphasizes building on employee strengths, rewards
more than it punishes, and emphasizes individual vitality and growth.
Your Answer: positive organizational culture
13. _____ recognizes that people have an inner life that nourishes and is nourished by
meaningful work that takes place in the context of community.
Your Answer: Workplace spirituality
14. Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?
Your Answer: Spirituality based techniques improve productivity and significantly reduce
turnover.
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87% Correct of 15
Scored items:
87%
13%
Organizational change and stress management More information about scoring
> Pre Test
Submitted:
1. _____ are responsible for initiating and managing change within an organization.
Your Answer: Change agents
2. Seven tactics have been suggested for use by change agents in dealing with resistance to
change. _____ involves communicating with employees to help them see the logic of a
change.
Your Answer: Education and communication
change. _____ involves bringing those involved into the decision process.
Your Answer: Participation
change. _____ involves distorting the facts to make them appear more attractive, withholding
undesirable information, and creating false rumours to get employees to accept a change.
Your Answer: Manipulation and cooptation
change. _____ is the application of direct threats or force on the resisters.
Your Answer: Coercion
6. _____'s three-step model of change consists of three steps: unfreezing the status quo,
movement to a new state, and refreezing the new change to make it permanent.
Your Answer: Kurt Lewin

7. ____ forces direct behaviour away from the status quo.
Your Answer: Driving
8. How can management reduce resistance to change?
9. What is the objective of refreezing?
Your Answer: None of the above

Correct Answer: To stabilize the new situation by balancing the driving and restraining
forces
The objective of refreezing is to stabilize the new situation by balancing the driving and
restraining forces.
10. _____ encompasses a collection of planned-change interventions built on humanistic-

democratic values that seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.
Your Answer: Organizational development
11. _____ is a form of change where a new idea is applied to initiating or improving a product,
process, or service.
Your Answer: Innovation
12. Which of the following is NOT a source of innovation?
Your Answer: Culture that rewards successes and failures

Correct Answer: Limited management tenure
While organic structures tend to encourage innovation, long tenure in management seems to
stimulate innovation as it provides legitimacy and knowledge of how to accomplish tasks and
obtain desired outcomes.
13. A _____ has developed the capacity to adapt and change.
Your Answer: learning organization

14. _____ is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity,
constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is
perceived to be both uncertain and important.
Your Answer: Stress
15. Which of the following is an individual level strategy for dealing with stress?
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Site Title: Organizational Behaviour, euro edition Summary of Results

1. _____ are evaluative statements, either favourable or unfavourable, concerning objects,

Your Answer: Attitudes

2. The _____ component of an attitude relates to opinions or beliefs.

Your Answer: cognitive

3. The _____ component of an attitude relates to emotions and feelings.

Your Answer: affective

Your Answer: Cognitive dissonance

Your Answer: Herzberg

Your Answer: Job satisfaction

Your Answer: Job commitment

Your Answer: Psychological empowerment

Your Answer: Job involvement

Organizational commitment is the degree to which an employee identifies with a particular

Your Answer: Perceived organizational support

Employee engagement is an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm

Your Answer: Job enlargement

Your Answer: Single rating system

13. Which of the following statements is most TRUE?

Your Answer: Productive workers tend to be satisfied workers

Your Answer: voice

15. High job satisfaction is associated with _____.

Your Answer: a high level of organizational citizenship behaviour

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Site Title: Organizational Behaviour, euro edition Summary of Results

Your Answer: Moods

2. _____ refers to those factors that were determined at conception.

Your Answer: Heredity

3. Genetics account for approximately _____ of the variation in occupational interests.

Your Answer: 10 percent

4. _____ are enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behavior.

Your Answer: Personality traits

5. The _____ is the most popular typology of personality traits.

Your Answer: Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

7. _____ is the tendency to be pragmatic, emotionally distant, and exploitative.

Your Answer: Machiavellianism

8. _____ refers to the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance,

Your Answer: Narcissism

Your Answer: self-monitor

Your Answer: Type A

11. The value attribute that specifies importance is known as ____.

Your Answer: mode of conduct

12. The _____ survey measures instrumental and terminal values.

Your Answer: None of the above

Your Answer: Boomers

14. Gender differentiation measures _____

15. John Holland is associated with the _____.

Your Answer: Organizational Culture Profile

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Site Title: Organizational Behaviour, euro edition Summary of Results

Your Answer: Perception

2. According to _____, when observing the behaviour of others, individuals attempt to