OXYGENATION MIDTERM: Final coaching

1. The risk for developing high blood pressure can be reduced by the following, EXCEPT?

a. Moderation of salt intake

b. Eat a balanced diet

c. Use of alcohol

d. Take regular physical activity

Ans: C- use of alcoholic beverages or drinking alcoholic beverages is a contributor factor in

order to develop high blood pressure

Moderate of salt intake- kapag masyadong maalat yung kinakain that is high content of
sodium it can trigger to develop high blood pressure

Eat a balanced diet- low salt, fat, and cholesterol

Take regular physical activity- at the same time kumakain ng tama ang tao they need to
take a regular physical activity

2. Which action would the nurse in the hypertension clinic take in order to obtain an accurate
baseline blood pressure for a new patient?

Ans: Seated for 5 minutes // ask the patient to seat in a chair with a fit cuff on the floor

3. Kung ang patient malayo ang linakaran, are you going to take the blood pressure at soon as
possible?

Ans: No, tataas ang vital signs, kapag pagod ang isang tao nag iincrease ang basal metabolic
rate, kapag nag increase yung basal metabolic rate ng isang tao tataas lahat ng vital sign kaya
we need to ask the patient to take a rest for at least 5-10 minutes before you take vital signs

4. As nurses you need to interview and get some information to your patient and you have a
patient having pre- hypertension. So which of the following findings is most important in order to
address the patient?

a. Low dietary fiber intake

b. No regular exercise // no aerobic exercise
c. The patient weight 5 pounds above in ideal weight (not risk factor for hypertension)
d. She drink wine with dinner once a week
Ans: B- In order to prevent hypertension we need to include exercise at least 30 minutes most
days of the week

5. After you teach the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modification it should be
implemented, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been effective?
 a. The patient avoid eating not butter
b. The patient restrict intake of dietary protein
c. The patient has only one cup of coffee in the morning
d. The patient has a glass of low fat milk with each meal

Ans: D, because this is a part of DASH diet (dietary approach in order to stop hypertension)

6. As we all know, what is atherosclerosis?

Ans: there is presence of plaque in the artery, yan ang nagccause ng obstruction or blockage in
the artery that causes some problem in artery. Pwede yan maging coronary heart diseases,
nagkakaroon tayo ng blockage with in some part of major artery in our heart.

7. If your patient having a clotted blood presence of deep vein thrombosis some doctor
recommend to use heparin therapy and warfarin. If your client asks you about this medication in
formulating a response, the nurse incorporates the understanding that warfarin, what is the
action of warfarin?

Ans: Anticoagulant, it inhibits synthesis of specific clotting factor in the liver and it takes 3-4 days
in order for the medication to exert anticoagulant effect.

8. If your patient is on IV heparin therapy while implementing or giving this heparin therapy you
should that the medication is available in the nursing unit kung magkakaroon tayo ng overdoses
for heparin, ano yung pwede nating ibigay?

a. Vitamin K
b. Aminocaproic Acid
c. Potassium Chloride
d. Protamine Sulfate

Ans: D, Protamine sulfate ang pang counteract natin sa mga pasyente na mayroong
overdosage sa heparin while sa warfarin si Vitamin K para macounteract yung overdosage.
● Heparin= protamine sulfate (antidote)
● Warfarin= vitamin K (antidote)

9. If your patient is suffering from coronary heart disease, what is coronary heart disease, what
is the main affection of CAD? What part of your organ is affected in CAD?

Ans: Heart // Artery (specific organ), the one that is being affected is the main artery that supply
bloods in your heart

10. If there is presence of blockage doon sa may main supply ng heart natin which is artery, ano
yung unang symptoms na mararamdaman ng isang pasyente na may blockage sa may main
artery of the heart?

Ans: Chest pain, chest discomfort, radiating to your arms and lower joint
11. Kailan nakakareceive yung coronary artery ng blood flow?// when do coronary artery
primary received blood flow

a. During diastolic
b. During systolic

Ans: A, during diastolic

12. Baroreceptor in your carotid artery wall and aorta responds to which of the following
conditions? What is the function of a baroreceptor?

a. Changes in blood pressure

b. Changes in the arterial oxygen tension
c. Changes in the arterial carbon dioxide tension
d. Changes in heart rate

Ans. A, changes in blood pressure

13. If you are assigned to a patient diagnosed having primary hypertension, as nurses you are
going to assess the blood pressure. In assessing blood pressure you need to ensure accurate
measurement, alin sa mga ito ang dapat i-avoid para makakuha ng accurate measurement?

a. Sitting the client with arm supported and at the level of the heart
b. Measuring the blood pressure after the client has been seated quietly for 5 minutes
c. Using a cuff of a rubber bladder that encircles at least 80% of the limb
d. Taking blood pressure within 15 minutes after nicotine or caffeinated ingestion

Ans. D, nicotine= it causes vasoconstriction (pinaliliit yung daanan ng blood) so maliit ang
daanan hindi accurate ang blood pressure na makukuha.

14. If your patient is categorized as stage 1 hypertension, what is the range of systolic pressure
of the patient?

Ans: 140-159 mmHg

15. If your patient is classified as stage 2 hypertension, what is the diastolic pressure of your
patient?

Ans: higher than or above 100 mmHg

16. Your patient experiencing dizziness, headache, neck pain and based on the signs and
symptoms he consulted in the clinic and upon the assessment he was diagnosed having
hypertension with no known cause, what is the classification of hypertension?

Ans: Primary

17. Based on the diagnosis that I’ve said, these are contributory factors, except? // based on the
presenting signs and symptoms and diagnose having primary hypertension, what are the
contributory factors of these?

a. Smoking cigarette
 b. High sodium intake
c. Over-the-counter medication
d. Too much alcohol consumption

Ans: C

18. If your patient is diagnosed having hypertension, what kind of activities that can you advise
in order to help prevent hypertension? // Which of the following are accepted physical activity,
except?

a. Jogging for 45 minutes once a month

b. Bicycling for 1 hour for most days of the week
c. Swimming for 30 minutes daily
d. Walking for 30 minutes at least 5 times a week

Ans: A, the best is walking

19. Your patient is diagnosed having hypertension, so the doctor gave captopril (capoten), sa
pagbibigay ng captopril (capoten) ano yung mga important teachings na kailangang i-
emphasize sa patient kung tumatanggap ng captopril (capoten)? Ano yung side effects and
nursing responsibilities sa pagbibigay ng ACE Inhibitor

Ans. Captopril ay isang ACE Inhibitor. ACE inhibitor nagcacause sya orthostatic hypotension
(bigla biglang magddrop yung bp biglang nahihilo kaya pasyenteng binibigyan ng ACE inhibitor
hindi muna agad-agad pinapatayo kapag nagchange ng position we advise them to change
position slowly in order to prevent dizziness and fall)

20. As a nurse, you are going to examine the nose of your client and your client is diagnosed
having upper respiratory tract infection. What characteristics of nasal mucosa should you expect
to find out during assessment of a client with upper respiratory tract infection? (Rhinitis)

Ans: nasal congestion

Signs of nasal congestion: redness in color, swollen, purulent discharge because of too
much production of histamine level in the body.

21. What do you expect now to Ms. Faye for patient having upper respiratory tract infection, ano
ngayon yung ineexpect natin sa pasyente during recovery stage.

Ans: Less nasal obstruction and discharge

22. Your patient is experiencing allergic rhinitis, all but one are the nursing intervention that you
need to give to your client.

37:03
all but one= all are correct except

49:15 - 1:14:50
If you are assigned to a patient having pharyngitis, the following are independent nursing
interventions except:
A. Advice patient to rest her voice
B. Advice to do salt water gargling
C. Use analgesics and antipyretics
D. Use warm compress for lymph nodes

Bakit ang streptococcal pharyngitis are less common sa mga infants?

Ans: Upon birth, may protection pa yung infant which is immunoglobulin G from the mother.

If your patient has asthma and is taking inhaled salmeterol and fluticasone, what is the
classification of the two treatments?

Ans: Long-acting Beta Agonist (long-term management sa patient na may asthma)

If a patient will take inhaled salmeterol and fluticasone, how would you instruct the client?
- Take salmeterol first because it is part of bronchodilator drug (Unang Ibibigay)
- Wait for about 5 minutes before giving fluticasone

If the asthmatic patient is lying on the bed and experiencing frequent coughing and chest
tightness. Upon auscultation, you heard expiratory wheezes and O2 sat is 78% less than the —
reading. What medication to give that has the fastest relief from the signs of symptoms
experienced by the patient?

Ans: C. Albuterol (Binibigay if may difficulty of breathing, shortness of breath, coughing and
experiencing chest tightness)

Patient was given Cromolyn nebulization, the patient experienced burning sensation in nose
and ibang panlasa when he took the Cromolyn nebulization. How are you going to teach the
client?

Ans: D. Inform the patient that she/he is experiencing the side effects of the treatment.

The doctor’s order to your client is to have a radial arterial blood gas analysis. Before
withdrawing blood samples, what test do we do to the patient to know that there is a good
circulation in that side?

Ans: Modified Allen Test (Freeze for 30 secs - Press yung ulnar and radial artery ng ilang
minutes - After secs, release yung isa and kailangan magreturn siya sa dati niyang color to
know kung may good circulation)

Upon assessment of the patient having asthma, you noted that the patient has wheezing
sounds and dyspnea. Bakit nagkakaroon ng gantong s/s ang patient?

Ans: Narrowing of the airway

If you have a client that has a chronic airflow limitation and you note that the client has a barrel
chest. What kind of lower respiratory drug infection has a barrel chest?
Ans: B. Emphysema (lungs are filled with air and unable to breath out carbon dioxide - alveoli
and lung tissue are already destroyed so alveoli cannot support the bronchial tubes then having
collapse sa tubes or obstruction or blockage at nagkakaroon ng sobrang air na na trap sa chest)

If the patient has COPD, has steady weight loss and is tired from just breathing upon eating.
What is the appropriate nursing diagnosis?
Ans: C. Altered nutrition: Less than body requirement related to ventilation (di nakakaintake ng
high-nutritious food)

Why do we instruct pursed lip breathing?

Ans: To eliminate carbon dioxide in alveolar sacs

Aminophylline was given to a patient with acute bronchitis, what is the action of Aminophylline?
Ans: It relaxes the smooth muscles in the airway

Teach the client proper coughing techniques, specifically in COPD clients. How to instruct
coughing techniques in the patients?
Ans: Take a three deep abdominal breath, lean forward and cough while saying the word
“woah” on exhalation.

What are the pictures/experiences of the patients with emphysema aside from the barrel chest?
Symptoms of emphysema.
Ans: Shortness of breath, pink puffers (naghy hyperventilate ung patient kasi nagkakaroon ng
trapped air sa lungs), hyperinflation of lungs (because of too much air trapped in lungs),
hypercapnia (increase CO2 in lungs because of improper ventilation of excessive CO2 sa lungs)