Experiment # 5: KIRCHHOFF’S LAW

INTRODUCTION

Objectives:
1. To familiarize and show the application of Kirchhoff’s current and voltage laws to series and
parallel combination.
2. To study the correct sign for each of the quantities involved.
3. To analyze the relation of summation of voltage drops to the summation of voltage rise around
the close path.
4. To analyze the relation of summation of inflowing currents at any junction of an electric circuit to
the current flowing out that junction.

Procedures:
1. Connect the circuit shown in Figure 1.
2. Using a voltmeter, measure and record the individual voltage drops across each resistor and
voltage across the switch S1 on Table 1.
2.a. when the switch S1 is open
2.b. when the switch S1 is closed
2.c. when the switch S1 is closed, while the 4.7 k and 5 k are shorted.
3. Using an ammeter, measure and record the individual current drawn by each resistor and the
current through the switch S1 on Table 2.
3.a. when the switch S1 is open
3.b. when the switch S1 is closed
3.c. when the switch S1 is closed, while the 4.7 k and 5 k are shorted.
4. Compute the individual branch current and voltage drops taken by each resistor and get the
|measured −calculated |
×100
percentage difference where % difference = measured +calculated (Math is Fun,
2
https://www.mathsisfun.com/percentage-difference.html). Record the results on
Table 1 and 2.
 Figure 1

PRESENTATION of DATA and DISCUSSION of RESULTS:

Table 1. Voltage Values in Volts

Resistor When S1 is open When S1 is open When S1 is open, 4.7kΩ and

5kΩ is shorted
Measured Calculated %Difference Measured Calculated %Difference Measured Calculated %Difference

1 kΩ 2.223 2.222 0.045% 2.156 2.155 0.046% 21.391 21.391 0%

4.7 kΩ 10.444 10.4444 0% 10.129 10.129 0% 0 0 0%
2 kΩ -0 0 0% 0.284 0.285 0.351% 3.391 9.392 0.012%
100 Ω 0.22 0.222 0.905% 0.23 0.233 1.296% 2.609 2.609 0%
5 kΩ 11.111 11.111 0% 11.486 11.485 0.015% 0 0 0%

Table 2. Current Values in Ampere

Resistor When S1 is open When S1 is open When S1 is open, 4.7kΩ and

5kΩ is shorted
Measured Calculated %Difference Measured Calculated %Difference Measured Calculated %Difference

1 kΩ 0.002 0.002 0% 0.002 0.002 0% 0.021 0.021 0%

4.7 kΩ 0.002 0.002 0% 0.002 0.002 0% 0.021 0.021 0%
2 kΩ -0 0 0% 0.1 0.1 0% 0.005 0.005 0%
100 Ω 0.002 0.002 0% 0.002 0.002 0% 0.026 0.026 0%
5 kΩ 0.002 0.002 0% 0.002 0.002 0% 0.026 0.026 0%

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES