e-health is an emerging field in the intersection of medical informatics,

public health and business, referring to health services and information

delivered or enhanced through the Internet and related technologies. So E-
health gumagamit siya ng wide range ng digital technologies. yung Internet, for
example,inaallow niya yung e-health users to communicate with health care professionals by e-
mail, para ma access yung medical records, to research health information, and to engage in
person-to-person exchange of text, audio, video, and other data.So yung multiple interventions
katulad ng telehealth, telemedicine, mobile health (mHealth), electronic medical or health
records (eMR/eHR), and even yung artificial intelligence present sa hospitals uhm lahat yun
In a broader sense, yung term na ehealth characterizes not
under sa ehealth.
only yung technical aspect, but also yung state-of-mind, a way of thinking,
an attitude, and a commitment nung user to improve health care locally,
regionally, and worldwide by using information and communication
technology.

This definition hopefully is broad enough siya para maacknowledge that

e-health is more than just "Internet and Medicine".

So yung letter "e" sa e-health does not only stand for "electronic," but
nagiimply siya ng number of other "e's," in which kapag pinagsamsama
best characterize what e-health is all about (or what it should be).

The 10 e's in "e-health"

1. Efficiency – isa sa naging promises ng e-health is to increase
efficiency sa health care, thereby decreasing costs. So isang way of
decreasing costs would be yung pag avoid ng duplicative or
unnecessary diagnostic or therapeutic interventions is through
yung enhanced communication possibilities between health care
establishments, and through patient involvement. So example nito
ay yung pag gamit ng electronic health record. So kung yung team
na involved sa patient care magkakaroon ng access sa electronic
health record meron effective communication and discussion
between health care providers. Maiiwasan na yung tendency na
maulit pa yung mga nagawang procedures or yung unnecessary
interventions dahil meron naka document na siya sa health record
and meron ng easy access yung team.
2. Enhancing quality of care - increasing efficiency involves hindi
lang yung pag reduce ng costs, but at the same time improving
quality of care. So pwede nitong ienhance yung quality of health
care for example yung pag allow ng comparisons between different
providers gamit yung EHr, and then yung pag involve ng
consumers as additional power for quality assurance especially
dahil mostly ICT based ito. So kailangan din talaga experts sa area
ng ICT to be able to deliver efficient and quality care.
3. Evidence based – yung e-health interventions dapat evidence-
based in a sense that yung effectiveness and efficiency should not
be assumed but proven by rigorous scientific evaluation. So dahil
continuously nagdedevelop at lumalawak yung sakop ng e-health,
much work still has to be done in this area.
4. Empowerment of consumers and patients - by making the
knowledge bases of medicinepati na rin yung personal electronic
records accessible sa consumers over the Internet, yung e-health
nag oopen siya ng new avenues for patient-centered medicine, and
enables evidence-based patient choice.
5. Encouragement in terms of a new relationship between the
patient and health professional, kung saan decisions are made in a
shared manner.
6. Education in terms of yung Education ng physicians through
online sources (continuing medical education) and consumers
(health education, tailored preventive information for consumers).
So with the use of internet nagiging mas accessible na yung mga
information sa physicians or other healthcare professionals at pati
na rin sa consumers.
7. Enabling information exchange and communication in a
standardized way between health care establishments. So katulad
nga ng sinabi ko kanina mas nagiging efficient
8. In the senses that na nageeExtend  Yung scope of health care
beyond its conventional boundaries. This is meant in both a
geographical sense as well as in a conceptual sense. e-health
enables consumers to easily obtain health services online from
global providers. These services can range from simple advice to
more complex interventions or products such a pharmaceuticals.
 9. Ethics - e-health involves new forms of patient-physician
interaction and poses new challenges and threats to ethical issues
such as online professional practice, informed consent, privacy and
equity issues. For example, Physicians and hospitals are implementing
EHRs because they offer several advantages over paper records.
They increase access to health care, improve the quality of care and
decrease costs. However, ethical issues related to EHRs confront
health personnel. When patient's health data are shared or linked
without the patients' knowledge, patient privacy is jeopardized.
The patient may conceal information due to lack of confidence in
the security of the system having their data. As a consequence,
their treatment may be compromised. There is the risk of
revelation of thousands of patients' health data through mistakes
or theft. Leaders, health personnel and policy makers should
discuss the ethical implications of EHRs and formulate policies in
this regard. The electronic medical record (EMR) is the tool that
promises to provide the platform from which new functionality and
new services can be provided for patients.
10. Equity - to make health care more equitable, ay isa rin sa
promises ng e-health, but at the same time meron pa ring
considerable threat na iniimpose ang e-health. So itmay deepen the
gap between the "haves" and "have-nots".so yung People, who do
not have the means or money, skills, and capacity na magkaroon ng
access to computers and networks, cannot use computers
effectively. As a result, these patient populations (kung saan sin
asana yung magbebenefit the most sa health inforamtion) ang
tendency sila na ngayon yung least likely to benefit from advances
in information technology, unless the government ensure yung
equitable access for all. So looking at it , marami talagang
advantages yung e-health pero meron at meron pa rin itong flaws
and drawbacks. Nagkakaroon pa rin ng digital divide between rural
vs. urban populations, rich vs. poor, young vs. old, male vs. female
people, and between neglected/rare vs. common diseases.

So ano na nga ba yung ehealth situation sa philippnies?

So yung DOH meron silang program called National Ehealth program. This was made
bceause of the two main challenges of today’s health system which are first is yung access
to health care services, and then second is yung access sa real time information for
decision making. So At present, 70% ng population living sa rural areas are still struggling
with no or limited access to quality inpatient and outpatient care services. Yung Recent
health demographics studies naman showed that yung segmented distribution ng health
facilities and healthcare providers ay malaking contributors sa alarming situation na ito.
According sa DOH only 13% of healthcare providers and 40% of tertiary hospitals are
situated in non-urban areas; let alone that on the average, yung the time it takes to travel to
a local health facility usually takes around 30-40minutes.
 
Moreover, yung delayed access sa timely, reliable, accurate, and complete health
information nagcocontributes siya sa challenges faced by decision makers. And evident din
yung poor recording, processing atsaka yung transfer of data from the health center/rural
health unit to the provincial or city health office, the regional health office, and to the DOH
Central Office and this takes more than a year with data validation at various levels.
 
With this, the health sector through the leadership ng Department of Health (DOH) has
recognized yung necessity or importance ng pag gamit sa information and communication
technologies (ICT) for health or eHealth as one of the enabling strategic instruments hindi
lang para i-address yung current disparities sa service care delivery or health care service
delivery , and timely access sa information for better decision making and intervention, but
also, para suportahan and ma-facilitate yung achievement of the Universal Health Care
(UHC) goals of better health outcomes, sustained health financing, and responsive health
system. So in general , yung eHealth is concerned with improving yung flow of information,
through electronic means, to support and facilitate yung delivery of quality and responsive
health services, and better management of health systems and service delivery networks. It
is envisioned that, “By 2020, eHealth will enable widespread access to health care services,
health information, and securely share and exchange client’s information in support to a
safer, quality health care, more equitable and responsive health system for all the Filipino
people by transforming the way information is used to plan, manage, deliver and monitor
health services.”

So 2 years has passed, and yes nag emerge nga yung advantages ng
ehealth especially during the pandemic. Naging mas useful yung
Telemedicine such as yung Bayanihan E-konsulta ng OVP last term and
even sa atin CVMC and St. Paul Hospital gumamit din sila ng telemedicine
but the pandemic also revealed yung lacking and drawbacks hindi
lamang sa aspect of ehealth but sa buong healthcare system ng bansa.

SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media nagpprovide siya ng outlet to increase and promote health

communication strategies and effective data dissemination, in ways that
pwedeng iallow yung users to not only utilize but also create and share
pertinent health information online

Moreover, yung pag gamit ng social media for advocacy and

communications sa health promotion offers new prospects for broader
reach, greater efficiency, and lowered costs of communication and
advocacy campaigns.

Evolving Role of social media

*Read first bullet= so most people in varying ages gumagamit ng social

media. And sometimes especially yung older adults ginagamit nila ang
social media as a source of information. Therefore, we must be vigilant in
monitoring and evaluating public health advocacy and communication
that occurs on various popular social media websites.

*read second bullet= So as someone na magPprovide ng information

regarding health online, we need to be aware of designing social media
interventions or campaigns na most suited sa target population to be
able to encourage and inform others.

BENEFITS

1. Raise awareness

-Social media isa siyang way to raise public awareness about new, emerging, and
annual health concerns. So yung pag Raise ng awareness pwede siya maging as
simple as reminding yung followers mo or yung other people about common health
practices. Or addressing yung common healthy living concerns. But when things are
changing fast, social media pwede rin siyang maging way to ensure that the public is
aware sa latest issues, guidelines, and advisories especially today nakikita na natin
online yung active covid cases, ano na yung alert level mga ganun. So it is also
important na yung pagkukuhanan ng information is from a credible.
2. Combat misinformation

Social media by their very nature help spread information quickly to diverse groups of
people. So magandang aspect yun kung information is fact-based, helpful, and clear.

Unfortunately, maraming health misinformation na nakakakalat online. So tayo dapat

natin ito idebunked. Pwede tayong magcite ng published research or yung mga latest
information from a credible health source like the CDC or WHO.

But sometimes, yung mga creators and disseminators of misinformation or fake news,
gumagamit na sila ng names ng reputable institution to give their statements
credibility. So In this case, it’s important for the institution na ginamit as a reference
to clarify that they are not the source.

3. Crisis communication
More people now get their news from social media than from newspapers. For those
aged 29 and younger, social media ang most common source of news. That makes
social a general place to share breaking information.

So Throughout ng COVID-19 pandemic, people turned to government health officials

for information. Yung government natin and medical health officers, gumamit sila ng
social media and healthcare communication effectively during this time of crisis.

For example, the DOH nagcoconduct sila press conferences to update yung public on
the latest news and policies related to the pandemic. The press conferences are
streamed sa Facebook Live videos, as well as on more traditional news outlets. Live
video on social platforms nagpprovide siya ng way for those na walang access sa local
TV programming to access announcements in real time. So pwede lang nila panoorin
anytime yung news. Nakakakita rin tayo ng updates through tweets and status sa
Facebook.

4. Expand the reach of existing resources

So yung Medical professionals often learn about new information and best practices
through yung medical journals and conferences. Social media can help yung pag
expand ng reach of these existing information-sharing platforms. Useful din siya sa
ating students especially ngayon more on pdf and ebooks na yung gamit natin. So pag
may nahahanap tayong books mas madali nalang natin siyang ma download and ma
share sa iba through messenger or google drive.

5. Public Health Monitoring

Aware naman tayo na meron talagang mga tao na pino post about everything online,
including their health. So siguro may na encounter na tayong lahat na hindi naman
natin masyadong kilala pero malalaman mo nalang nag positive siya sa covid kasi
Nakita natin sa facebook or nag tweet sila about it. Yung iba naman gumagamit ng
Hashtags for example like #flu ganyan so alam naman natin nap ag maraming
nagpopost or nagttweet about it nagtretrending siya. And With the right social media
monitoring tools, yung public health organizations can even get a sense of the severity
of symptoms.

5. Citizen engagement
May mga Healthcare issues that can be tricky to talk about, even with doctors
especially if yung topic is about mental health, kung saan merong social stigma na
nagpprevent people from seeking the professional support they need.
So example ng citizen engagement is During the pandemic, yung JanSport (which is a
brand ng bag) nag create sila ng series of resources using the hashtag
#LightenTheLoad. So yung goal ng backpack company na ito was to support its
young customers.
Through the campaign, nag provide sila ng access to mental health resources for
young people, including a series of Instagram Live chats with professional therapists.
They also provided information on how people could reach crisis support if needed.

This is a good example of how healthcare professionals can partner with brands
outside the healthcare sphere on social media.

6. Patient support
According sa isang research Nearly 40% of young people (ages 14 to 22) ay
gumagamit ng online tools to connect with others na may similar health challenges.
That includes social media groups. So katulad nalang na discuss ko kanina regarding
mental health, some people nagjjoin sila ng support groups kasi they feel like they
find comfort sa mga taong may similar conditions sa kanila.
Of course, meronpa ring privacy concerns when discussing health online. This could
be a good use of yung Facebook secret groups, so dito Users have to be invited to
join.

7. Research recruitment

Social networks offer an opportunity to connect with potential study and survey
participants. Like yung mga brands, researchers and healthcare organizations need
to understand yung social media demographics. So Combined with social ad targeting
options, this allows us to connect with the right audience for studies and surveys. So
nung gathering of data natin nung research, gumamit din tayo ng social media para
icontact yung mga respondents natin since may covid restrictions.

CORE VALUES

Nursing practitioners, much like other professionals, merong unique binding values,
attitudes and behaviors. Yung professional values nagfform siya ng basis for acceptable
behavior and attitude sa nursing profession. And yung development ng values na ito ay
critical for every nurse in making important decisions in healthcare. 

Altruism

Altruism is the ability ng nurse to be selfless and instead have a dedication to the
welfare of others. Sa nx profession, yung nurse nagpprovide sila love and shows
kindness hindi lang sa patient niya but also for herself. Kasi nga diba you cannot give
what you do not have. So kailanagn ma maintain nung nurse yung calmness within
herself kapag kasama niya yung patient in order to fully support and provide security for
their patient. Altruism is essential siya in unlocking a nurse’s compassion and empathy
therefore nagccreate siya ng more positive and healing environment for the patient.

Caring
So kung naalala niyo pa sa tfn natin Accdg to leinenger Caring is the essence and central
unifying, a dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health disciplines. Therefore Care is
an essential human need. So A culture of caring, is a fundamental part ng nursing
profession, which characterizes our concern and consideration for the whole person,
yung natin commitment to the common good, and yung outreach to those who are
vulnerable.

Autonomy
Autonomy sa nurse-patient relationship binibigyan natin yung patient a right to
informed consent. Nagbibigay tayo facts about sa condition nila and nagaadvise tayo sa
kanila about sa the available healing options plus any underlying repercussions. So yung
patient has the right to choose to go through the procedure or not.

Professional nurse autonomy is reliant on the premise of the centrality of the client
when making responsibledecisions. Dapat magreflect dito yung best interests of the
patient whether made independently or on advice of the nurse.

Yung Autonomy is also a form of advocacy for the patient to ensure na they make well-
informed decisions. The most critical attributes for a nurse who regards autonomy is
caring. Proactive advocacy and friendly relationships with patients also enhance patient
discretion in decision-making.

Human Dignity
The nursing profession also demands dignity for all patients. Dapat lagi nating tandan
that All people are equal and they warrant the same treatment regardless of any
external factors. The principle of human dignity accords the nurse sa responsibility na
itreat lahat ng patients as they would treat their own loved ones if they were to care for
them. Therefore, as the nurse iregard natin lahat ng human beings na worthy and
deserves respect, regardless ng age nila , sex, health status, social or ethnic factors,
political perspective, religious affiliation, or kahit may criminal history man siya.

Integrity
As Nurses kailangan nating magconform to the principle of acting honestly, fairly, and
ethically while caring for our patients. Dapat lagi nating naiisip to act in highest
standards of professionalism and ethical conduct. Kailangan maging honest sa
colleagues and to those na nag rerely sa atin. We must also exhibit accountability in
providing safe, quality care towards their professional bodies, colleagues and patients.

Social Justice
Nurses are required to uphold freedom of choice in their patients’ care, while not
compromising their dignity. So we are to promote yung clients’ best interests and strive
to achieve yung best outcomes. Dito na pumapasok yung Beneficence which entails
nurses to promote yung good for the patient. Nurses are also required to act in a non-
maleficence manner para ma avoid yung harm sa patient. Through acting competently
and adhering sa high levels of practicing, pwedeng ma avoid yung situations that may
cause injury to those in our care.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
So nung first sem meron tayong subject about entrepreneurship and nung first day diba nag
present tayo ng maraming possible businesses na pwedeng ma establish ng mga nurses. So
yung mga Nurse entrepreneurs nafifill nila yung gaps in the current health care delivery
system by supporting yung development of targeted products and services, yung mga
enhanced technology, software, and safety systems. A nurse entrepreneur has been defined
as “a proprietor of a business that offers nursing services of a direct care, educational,
research, administrative, or consultative nature”.1Nurse entrepreneurs may build their
businesses to develop and distribute medical products or devices, offer direct patient care or
patient advocacy, educate or train other professionals or community members, or provide
health care-related consultation, among other functions. As more nurses move beyond the
bedside to explore entrepreneurship, it is important to identify best practices and the skill
sets that are transferable from direct caregiving to business leadership so kailangan pa rin
ng criticical thinking, leadership and how to manage problems. Despite the challenges that
nurse entrepreneurs face, entrepreneurship can provide opportunities for nurses to have a
more significant impact, achieve greater career and life satisfaction, and experience an
enhanced sense of empowerment.2

Business plan

So hindi ko na itoo ididiscuss in detailed kasi na discuss naman na natin to nung first sem and na
experience na rin naman na nating gumawa ng business plan. So to discuss nalang yung important parts
of business plan may we have bea alejo