9

Type equation here.

Mathematics Activity Sheet

Quarter 4 – MELC 1
Illustrating the six trigonometric
ratios: sine, cosine, tangent,
secant, cosecant, and cotangent

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

 Quarter 4, Week 1

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 1a

Name of Learner: ___________________________________________________

Grade and Section: ____________________ Date: ______________

MATHEMATICS 9 ACTIVITY SHEET

Illustrating the six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine,

tangent, secant, cosecant, and cotangent

I. Learning Competency with Code

➢ Illustrates the six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant,
and cotangent. M9GE-IVa-1

II. Background Information for Learners

This Learning Activity Sheet focuses on Illustrating the six trigonometric ratios:
sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant, and cotangent. This learning Activity Sheet
helps the learners demonstrate understanding of the basic concepts of trigonometry
and is able to apply the concepts of trigonometric ratios to formulate and solve real-
life problems with precision and accuracy.

There are six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant and
cotangent. These six trigonometric ratios are abbreviated as, sin, cos, tan, csc, sec,
cot respectively.

In a right triangle, we can define actually six trigonometric ratios. Consider the
right triangle ABC below. In this triangle we let θ represents ∠B. Then the leg
denoted by a is the side adjacent to θ, and the leg denoted by b is the side opposite
to θ.

(If triangle
We will use ABC is athat
the convention rightangles
triangle,
areconsider perpendicularity
symbolized of thewhile
by capital letters, 2 sides.)
the
side opposite each angle will carry the same letter symbol, in lowercase.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
sin of θ = sin θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 cosecant of θ = csc θ = 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
cosine of θ = cos θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 secant of θ = sec θ = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
tangent of θ = tan θ = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 cotangent of θ = cot θ = 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

i
 SOH – CAH – TOA is a mnemonic used
for remembering the equations.

Notice that the three new ratios at the

right are reciprocals of the ratios on the left.
Applying algebra shows the connection between
these functions.
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 1 1
csc θ = 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 = 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 1 1
sec θ = = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 cos 𝜃
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 1 1
cot θ = = 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 =
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 tan 𝜃
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

Showing a formula for the Missing Parts of a Right Triangle

Example 1. Determine the equation or formula to find a missing part of the triangle.

a. Solve for s in the figure above. b. Solve for p in the figure above.
Solution: ∠P is an acute angle, t is the Solution: ∠P is an acute angle, t is
hypotenuse, s is the side adjacent to ∠P. the hypotenuse, and p is the
opposite side of ∠P.

Use CAH, that is Use SOH, that is

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
cos θ = sin θ =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑠 𝑝
cos P = 𝑡 sin P = 𝑡
𝑠 𝑝
cos 53° = 𝑡 sin 53° = 12

s = 12 cos 53° p = 12 sin 53°

c. Solve for a in figure 2.
Solution: ∠B is an acute angle, b is the opposite side, and a is the side adjacent
to ∠B.
Use TOA, that is

2
 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑏
tan θ = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑎 FIGURE 2
10.6
tan B = 𝑎
10.6
tan 67° = 𝑎
a tan 67° = 10.6
10.6
a = tan 67°

d. Solve for c in figure 2.

Solution: ∠B is an acute angle, b is the opposite side and c is the hypotenuse of the
given acute angle.
Use SOH, that is

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
sin θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑏
sin B = 𝑐
10.6
sin 67° = 𝑐
c sin 67° = 10.6
10.6
c = sin 67°

A. Solving a right triangle given the measure of the two parts; the length of the
hypotenuse and the length of one leg

Solving a right triangle means finding the measure of the remaining parts.
Example:
Triangle BCA is right-angled at C. If c = 23 and b = 17, find ∠A, ∠B and a. Express
your answers up to two decimal places.

Solution: Sketch a figure:

a. Side b is the adjacent side of ∠A; c is the hypotenuse
of right triangle BCA. Use CAH, that is
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑏
cos 𝐴 =
𝑐
17
cos 𝐴 =
23
cos A = 0.7391
We can use our scientific calculator to find an angle whose cosine value is 0.7391.
Using a scientific calculator, A = 42.340°

b. Since in part (a), it was already found that ∠A = 42.34°,

3
 then ∠B = 90° – 42.34°
∠B = 47.66°.
c. Using the Pythagorean theorem:
a2 + b2 = c2
a2 + (17)2 = (23)2
a2 + 289 = 529
a2 = 529 -289
a2 = 240
a = 240
a = 15.49

B. Solving a Right Triangle Given the Length of the Hypotenuse and the
Measure of One Acute Angle

Example:
Triangle BCA is right-angled at C if c = 27 and ∠A = 58°, find ∠B, b, and a.

Solution:
a. To find B, since B and ∠A are complementary angles, then

∠B + ∠A = 90°
∠B = 90° – 58°
∠B = 32°

b. To find b, since b is the adjacent side of ∠A and c is the hypotenuse of right

ΔBCA, then use CAH.
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
cos θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑏
cos A = 𝑐
𝑏
cos 58° = 27

b = 27 cos 58°
b = 27 (0.5299)
b = 14.31
c. To find a, since a is the opposite side of ∠A and c is the hypotenuse of right
ΔBCA, then use SOH.

4
 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
sin θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑎
sin A = 𝑐
𝑎
sin 58° = 27

a = 27 sin 58°
a = 27 (0.8480)
a = 22.9

C. Solving a Right Triangle Given the Length of One Leg and the Measure of
One Acute Angle
Example:
Triangle ACB is right-angled at C. If ∠A = 63° and a = 11 cm, find ∠B, b, and c.

Solution:
a. To find ∠B, take note that ∠B and ∠A are complementary angles. Then,

∠B + ∠A = 90°
∠B = 90° – 63°
∠ = 27°

b. To find b, since b is the adjacent side c. To find c, since c is the

and a is the opposite side of ∠A, then hypotenuse and a is the opposite
use TOA. side of ∠A, then use SOH.

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
tan θ = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 sin θ = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑎 𝑎
tan A = 𝑏 sin A = 𝑐
11 11
tan 63° = sin 63° =
𝑏 𝑐

b tan 63° = 11 c sin 63° = 11

b (1.9626) = 11 c (0.8910) = 11
11 11
b = 1.9626 c = 0.8910

b = 5.60 cm c = 12.35 cm

5
D. Solving a Right Triangle Given the Length of the Two Legs
Example:
Triangle ACB is right-angled at C. If a = 18.5 cm and b = 14.2 cm, find c, ∠A, and
`∠B.
Solution:
a. To find c, use Pythagorean theorem:

c2 = a2 + b2
c2 = (18.5)2 + (14.2)2
c2 = 342.25 + 201.64
c2 = 543.89
c = 543.89
c = 23.32

b. To find ∠A, since a and b are c. Based on the fact that ∠A and ∠B are
opposite and adjacent side of ∠A complementary, the measure of angle
respectively, then use TOA. ∠B is 90° – 52° = 38°

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
tan θ = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑎
tan A = 𝑏
18.5
tan A = 14.2

tan A = 1.3028
A = 52°

We can use our scientific calculator to find an angle whose tangent is 1.3028.
A = 52°

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Mathematics 9 Learner’s Materials, First Edition, 2014, Merden L. Bryant,

Leonides E. Bulalayao, Melvin M. Callanta, Jerry D. Cruz, Richard F. De Vera,
Gilda T. Garcia, Sonia E. Javier, Roselle A. Lazaro, Bernadeth J. Mesterio,
and Rommel Hero A. Saladino

IV. Activity Proper

1. Directions / Instructions:

For further information about this lesson, please refer to Mathematics

Learner’s Material pages 430 - 435.
2. Exercises / Activities

6
Exercise 1: COMPLETE ME!
Determining the six trigonometric ratios of the given right ````triangle below by
completing the table.
B a
C

c
b

(The trigonometric ratios hold true only for right-angled triangles)

SIDES
ANGLE sin𝜃 cos𝜃 tan𝜃 csc𝜃 sec𝜃 cot𝜃
Opposite Adjacent Hypotenuse
∠𝐴 c 𝑎
𝑐
∠𝐶 b 𝑎
𝑐

Exercise 2: Exercise 3:

Using the figure below, write
expression that gives the
required unknown value.
Sketch a figure and solve the
missing part of a right triangle
ABC with right angle at C, given
that:
1. b = 17 cm and c = 23 cm
2. A = 15° and c = 37cm
3. B = 64° and c = 19.2cm
4. A = 76° and a = 13cm
5. a = 7cm, b = 12cm

1. If A = 15° and c = 37, find a.

2. If A = 76° and a = 13, find b.
3. If A = 49° and a = 10, find c.
4. If a = 21.2 and A = 71°, find b.
5. If a = 13 and B = 16°, find c.

7
 3. Guide Questions
1. What are the six trigonometric ratios?
2. Using a right triangle, what is the trigonometric ratio of Sinθ?, cosθ?,
tanθ?, cscθ?, secθ?, cotθ?
3. How to solve the missing parts of a right triangle using trigonometric
ratio?

V. Reflection
Complete the statement.
I have learned that_______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
I have realized that _____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
I will apply
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.

VI. Answer Key

𝒄 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
𝒂 𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑐 b a c ∠𝐶
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝒄 𝑏 𝑏
𝑐 𝑏 𝑏 𝒂 𝑐 𝑎 b c a ∠𝐴
Opposite Adjacent Hypotenuse
sin𝜃 cos𝜃 tan𝜃 csc𝜃 sec𝜃 cot𝜃 ANGLE
SIDES
Exercise 1:

𝑐𝑜𝑠16°
5. c = c = 13.89cm ∠𝐵 = 59.74°; ∠𝐴 = 30.26°; 5.
13
𝑡𝑎𝑛71°
4. b = c = 13.40cm b = 3.24cm; ∠𝐵 = 14°; 4.
21.2
𝑠𝑖𝑛49° b = 17.26cm a = 8.42cm; ∠𝐴 = 26°; 3.
3.
10
a = 9.58cm b = 35.74cm; ∠𝐵 = 53°; 2.
2. b = 𝑡𝑎𝑛76°
13 ∠𝐵 = 47.66° ∠𝐴 = 42.34°; a = 15.49cm; 1.
1. a = 37sin15°
Exercise 2: Try this out! EXERCISE 3:

8
9
Mathematics Activity Sheet
Quarter 4 – MELC 2
Finding the Trigonometric Ratios of
Special Angles

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

9
 Quarter 4, Week 2

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS) No. 2

Name of Learner: _______________________________________________

Grade and Section: ______________________Date: ___________________

MATHEMATICS 9 ACTIVITY SHEET

Finding the Trigonometric Ratios of Special Angles

I. Learning Competency with Code

• Finds the trigonometric ratios of special angles. M9GEIVb-1

II. Background Information for Learners

In this lesson, the students will learn the process of determining the values of
trigonometric ratios of special angles .
There are two special right triangles: the 30o – 60o – 90o triangle and the isosceles
45 – 45o – 90o triangle. The angles 30o, 60o and 45o are the most frequently used angle
o

measures in many problems and are referred to as special angles.

45° – 45° – 90° Right Triangle

In a 45° – 45° – 90° triangle,

✔ the legs are congruent;

✔ the length of the hypotenuse is √2 times the length of a leg

(hypotenuse = √2 leg)

30° – 60° – 90° Right Triangle

10
In a 30° – 60° – 90° triangle,
✔ the length of the hypotenuse is twice the length of the shorter leg
(hypotenuse = 2 shorter leg)

✔ the length of the longer leg is √3 times the length of the shorter leg

(longer leg = √3 shorter leg)

1

Examples:

1. Find r.

Solution: r = hypotenuse
In a 45° – 45° – 90° triangle, the hypotenuse

is √2 times the length of a leg. Therefore,

r = √2 ( 3√3)

= 3√6

2. Find the length of the indicated side.

Solution:

t = shorter leg
s = hypotenuse

𝐥𝐨𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐫 𝐥𝐞𝐠
In a 30° – 60° – 90° triangle, 𝒔𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐥𝐞𝐠 = and hypotenuse = 2 shorter leg.
√𝟑

Therefore, solving for the shorter leg:

9 9 √3 9√3
𝑡= = • = = 𝟑√𝟑
√3 √3 √3 3

And solving for the hypotenuse:

2
𝑠 = 2𝑡 = 2(3√3) = 𝟔√𝟑

11
 Trigonometric Ratios of Special Angles

Referring to the figures of special triangles below, the following trigonometric ratios
are determined or derived.

𝑎 1 √2 √2 𝑎
sin 45°= = • = tan 45°= =1
𝑎√2 √2 √2 2 𝑎

𝑎 1 √2 √2 cot 45°= 1
cos 45°= = • =
𝑎√2 √2 √2 2

2 2 √2 2√2
csc 45°= = • = = √2
√2 √2 √2 2

𝑎√2
sec 45°= = √2
𝑎

𝑎 1 𝑎√3 √3
sin 30° = = sin 60° = =
2𝑎 2 2𝑎 2

𝑎√3 √3 𝑎 1
cos 30° = = cos 60° = =
2𝑎 2 2𝑎 2

𝑎 1 √3 √3 𝑎√3
tan 30° = = • = tan 60° = = √3
𝑎√3 √3 √3 3 𝑎

2 2 2 √3 2√3
csc 30° = = 2 csc 60° = = • =
1 √3 √3 √3 3

2 2 √3 2√3 2
sec 30° = = • = sec 60° = = 2
√3 √3 √3 3 1

3 3 √3 3√3 𝑎 1
cot 30° = = • = = √3 √3 √3
√3 √3 √3 3 tan 30° = = • =
𝑎√3 √3 √3 3

12
 Below is the table that summarizes the values of the six trigonometric ratios for
special angles 45°, 30°, and 60°.

Finding the Exact Values of a Trigonometric Expression

Using the above table of trigonometric ratios for special angles, learn how to find the
exact values of a numerical or a trigonometric expression.

Examples:
1. Determine the exact value of the expression sec 30°+cot 60°.

2√3 √𝟑 𝟑√𝟑
sec 30° + cot 60° = + = = √𝟑
Solution: 3 𝟑 𝟑

2. Find the exact value of sin2 30° + cos2 45°.

Solution: sin2 30° + cos2 45° = (sin 30°)2 + (cos 45°)2

3 2
1 2 √2
=( ) +( )
2 2
1 2
= +
4 4
3
=
4

3. Determine the value of angle x when sec x = 2.

Solution: Referring to the table, sec 60° = 2. Therefore, x = 60°

13
4. If x = 45°, show that sec2 x + tan x = 3.

Solution: Substituting x with 45°, we have

sec2 45° + tan 45°=(sec 45°)2 + tan 45°

= (√2)2 + 1
=2+1
=3

I. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Mathematics 9 Learner’s Materials, First Edition, 2014, Merden L. Bryant,

Leonides E. Bulalayao, Melvin M. Callanta, Jerry D. Cruz, Richard F. De
Vera, Gilda T. Garcia, Sonia E. Javier, Roselle A. Lazaro, Bernadeth J.
Mesterio, and Rommel Hero A. Saladino.

II. Activity Proper

1. Directions / Instructions
For further information about this lesson, please refer to Mathematics
Learner’s Material for Grade 9 pp. 447 – 454.

2. Exercises/ Activities
A. Exercise 1

Directions: Find the value of each variable used in the figures.

4 14
 B. Exercise 2

Directions: Use the choices in the box to complete the equations below.
Calculator is not allowed.

C. Exercise 3

Directions: Find the exact values of the following numerical expressions:

1. (sec 30°) (cos 30°) – (tan 60°) (cot 60°)

𝟐
𝟓𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝟎°+𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐 𝟒𝟓° +𝟒𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐𝟔𝟎°
2.
𝟐𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟑𝟎°𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟒𝟓°+𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟒𝟓°

3. Guide Questions

How did you answer the exercises?

What mathematical concepts did you apply to find the answer?

15
III. Reflection
Complete the following statements.

I have learned that _______________________________________.

I have realized that _______________________________________.
I will apply ______________________________________________.

IV. Answer Key 5

A. Exercise 1

B. Exercise 2

C. Exercise 3

4
2.
110−55√2

1. 0
16
 9
Mathematics Learning Activity
Sheet
Quarter 4 – MELC 3
Illustrating Angles of
Elevation and Depression

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

17
 Quarter 4, Week 3 - 4

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 3

Name of Learner:
__________________________________________________________________
Grade Level/Section: _____________________________________Date:

MATHEMATICS 9 Activity Sheet No. 3

Illustrating Angles of Elevation and Depression

______________________

I. Learning Competency with code

Illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression (M9GE-IVd-1).

II. Background Information for Learners

This learning activity sheet is about illustrating angles of elevation and

depression.

Solving real-life problems involving right triangles requires knowledge of some

significant
terms such as line of sight, angle of elevation, and angle of depression.

Definitions:

Line of sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the
object to be
observed.

Angle of elevation is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the
observer to the object above.

Angle of depression is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the
observer to the object below.

18
 Trigonometric ratios may be used to solve problems involving angles of elevation
and depression.
Example 1:
A tower is 15.24 m high. At a certain distance away from the tower, an
observer determines that the angle of elevation to the top of it is 41°. How far is
the observer from the base of the tower?

15.24m

41°
Solutions:
A trigonometric ratio often helps us set up an equation, which can then be solved for the
missing
measurement. If two legs of the triangle are part of the problem, then it is a tangent ratio.
If the hypotenuse is part of the problem, then it is either a sine or cosine ratio.
opposite
tan θ = adjacent

15.24
tan 41°=
x

x tan 41° 15.24

= tan 41°
tan 41°

X = 17.72

Example 2:
An airplane is flying at a height of 4 kilometers above the ground. The distance along the
ground from the airplane to the airport is 6 kilometers. What is the angle of depression
from the airplane to the airport?

4km 4km

6km 6km

opposite
tan θ =
adjacent
4
tan θ = 6

19
tan θ = 0.6667
θ = tan–1 (0.6667)
θ = 33.69

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Mathematics 9 Learner’s Materials, First Edition, 2014, Merden L. Bryant,

Leonides E. Bulalayao, Melvin M. Callanta, Jerry D. Cruz, Richard F. De Vera,
Gilda T. Garcia, Sonia E. Javier, Roselle A. Lazaro, Bernadeth J. Mesterio,
and Rommel Hero A. Saladino.

IV. Activity Proper

1. Directions/Instructions:

For further information about this lesson, please refer to Mathematics 9

Learner’s Materials pages 457 – 459, 462, 468.

2. Exercises/Activities

Activity 1: Identify Me!

Direction: In the following figures, identify the segment that represents the
line of sight, and
identify the angles (if any) that represent the angle of elevation or
angle of
depression.

20
 Figure Angle of Angle of Line of
Elevation Depression Sight

O A

B O

X O

Q P

21
 Activity 2: Who Am I?

Direction: In each of the following illustrations, identify whether ∠A is an

angle of
elevation or an angle of depression.

Activity 3: Draw My Problem!

To develop your accuracy in illustrating the pictures presented by the

information in the given word problems.

Directions:
1. Draw the pictures presented by the information in the problems given.
(These problems
don’t ask for an answer.)
2. Assume that buildings, ladders, etc. are all on level ground.
3. Refer to the rubrics to know how your work will be rated.

Materials:
Ruler, protractor, and drawing materials/bond paper

1. The angle of elevation of the top of 2. The angle of depression of a boy from
the building from a point 30 meters a point on a lighthouse 30.5 meters
away from the building is 65°. above the surface of the water is 3°.

Rubric for Scoring

Criteria Understanding of Understanding of Understanding of No
concept, can concept, can concept, but not understanding
apply accurately apply but commit able to apply

22
 errors in
(4) calculation (2)
(3) (1)
Able to draw
figure for the
given word
problem and
explain.

Activity 4: Illustrate and Solve!

Illustrate and solve the following problems. Use the template below.

Problems:
1. A 12-meter high post casts a 19-meter shadow. Find the angle of elevation to
the sun.

2. The angle of elevation from a boat to the top of a 92-meter hill is 12°. How far
is the boat
from the base of the hill?

3. From the top of the control tower 250 m tall, an airplane is sighted on the
ground below.
If the airplane is 170 m from the base of the tower, find the angle of
depression of the
airplane from the top of the control tower.

4. From the top of a cliff 280 meters high, the angle of depression of a boat is
25°. How far from the base of the cliff is the boat?

5. From an airplane at an altitude of 1200 m, the angle of depression to a rock

on the ground measures 28°. Find the horizontal distance from the
plane to the rock.

Draw the diagram.

What is/are given?

What is to be determined?

Formula used

Solution

3. Guide Questions

23
 1. Did you encounter any difficulty in illustrating angles of elevation and angle
of
depression?
2. How did you identify angle of elevation from angle of depression?
3. How will you define angle of elevation and angle of depression in your own
words?
4. How did you solve the problems and what mathematical concept did you
apply?

V. Reflection

1. What have you learned from this lesson?

______________________________________________________________
_____

2. What situations in your life can you apply the concepts you have learned
today?

24
 6
Activity 1.
25
Figures Angle of Elevation Angle of Depression Line of Sight
1. ∠AOB തതതത
𝑂𝐴
2. ∠YOX തതതത
𝑂𝑌
3. ∠BOA തതതത
𝑂𝐵
4. ∠XOY തതതത
𝑂𝑋
5. ∠PQR തതതത
𝑄𝑃
Activity 2.
1. Angle of Elevation
2. Angle of Depression
3. Angle of Depression
4. Angle of Elevation
5. Angle of Elevation
9VI. ANSWER KEY
26 7