US 20200397391A1

IN
( 19) United States
( 12 ) Ken
Patent
et al .
Application Publication ((4310)) Pub
Pub.. Date
No .: :US 2020/0397391 A1
Dec. 24, 2020
( 54 ) NON - CONTACT ANGLE MEASURING GOIB 15/00 ( 2006.01 )
APPARATUS G04F 5/14 (2006.01 )
HO1J 37/04 (2006.01 )
( 71 ) Applicants :Weng-Dah Ken , Hsinchu City ( TW ); ( 52 ) U.S. CI .
Fang -Chi Kan , Taipei City (TW) CPC A61B 6/4258 ( 2013.01 ) ; A61B 5/0059
( 72 ) Inventors : Weng - Dah Ken , Hsinchu City (TW) ; (2013.01 ) ; GOIB 9/02 ( 2013.01 ) ; HOLJ 37/244
Fang -Chi Kan , Taipei City (TW) (2013.01 ) ; GOIN 23/20 (2013.01 ) ; HOIJ 37/26
( 2013.01 ) ; GOIB 11/26 ( 2013.01 ) ; A61B
( 21 ) Appl. No .: 16 /910,088 6/4035 ( 2013.01 ) ; GOIB 15/00 ( 2013.01 ) ;
G04F 5/14 ( 2013.01 ) ; HO1J 37/04 ( 2013.01 ) ;
(22) Filed : Jun . 24 , 2020 HOIJ 2237/06383 ( 2013.01 ) ; HOIJ 2237/2614
( 2013.01 ) ; HOIJ 2237/24585 ( 2013.01 ) ; GOIN
Related U.S. Application Data 37/005 (2013.01 )
( 62 ) Division of application No. 15 /473,631 , filed on Mar. ( 57 ) ABSTRACT
30, 2017 . A non - contact angle measuring apparatus includes a matter
( 60 ) Provisional application No. 62 / 316,507 , filed on Mar. wave and energy ( MWE ) particle source and a detector. The
31 , 2016 . MWE particle source is used for generating boson or fer
mion particles. The detector is used for detecting a plurality
Publication Classification peaks or valleys of an interference pattern generated by 1 )
the boson or fermion particles corresponding to a slit , a
(51 ) Int. Ci. bump, or a hole of a first plane and 2 ) matter waves
A61B 6/00 ( 2006.01 ) wavefront -split associated with the boson or fermion par
GOIN 37/00 ( 2006.01 ) ticles reflected by a second plane , wherein angular locations
GOIB 9/02 ( 2006.01 ) of the plurality peaks or valleys of the interference pattern,
HO1J 37/244 ( 2006.01 ) a first distance between a joint region of the first plane and
GOIN 23/20 ( 2006.01 ) the second plane , and a second distance between the detector
HO1J 37/26 ( 2006.01) and the slit are used for deciding an angle between the first
GOIB 11/26 ( 2006.01 ) plane and the second plane.

Wavelength
Spatially Coherent
Coherent

308
310

Wavelength
Pinhole
Aperture
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 1 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Reflected

Absorbed
Refracted Transmitted
FIG . 1A

I
FIG . 1B

102

FIG . 10
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 2 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

000 A

2B
.
FIG
****
000
1
oca
802
00 2

2A
.
FIG
***

202 09
204
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 3 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Wavelength
Spatially Coherent
Coherent
304

Wavelength
Pinhole
Aperture

FIG . 3
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 4 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

A
Temporal incoherence

1
20
408
rl

Point source
1
1
FIG . 4
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 5 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

B I
3

P , 12

FIG . 5
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 6 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Polarizer
no
Non - Polarized

FIG . 6
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 7 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

* Circular

FIG . 7
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 8 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

8
.
FIG

806

802
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 9 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Vy

? ?

IVF= 1

m (b )

n?
IVAO

FIG . 9
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 10 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

-K
FIG . 10
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 11 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Energy conservation
.. W1002

FIG . 11A

Momentum Conservation

FIG . 11B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 12 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

cystal

FIG . 12
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 13 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

re Type-I EPR Pairs

Are with the same
polarization
FIG . 13A

a
X
Type - II EPR Pairs
with H /V - paired or
entangled Polarization
FIG . 13B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 14 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Photns
W&bosons

EPlaermtinclaersy Gluons 14
.
FIG

Baryons House
Water Nos
PCaormtpicsle
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 15 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

15021
15025

15023 15B
.
FIG

>
15023
15A
.
FIG

15021
1502
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 16 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Spatial MW
Intensity and
Phase of Photon

( a)

16032

ra 16023
( b)

16024

( c)

FIG . 16
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 17 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Spherical MW intensity
of Photon
16032

16032

100
Planar MW intensity

Spherical MW phase

16032
1602

Planar MW Phase

FIG . 17
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 18 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

PLawoflanck RDaednistonyDistrbu ons

)
b
(

-HoleandSunBlack PGWESaprtoic'lesRDCaedrinustvoeny
18
.
FIG
30

1802
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 19 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Reflcted C061
" 2

19B
.
FIG

*****

Reflcted 63
19A
.
FIG
IN
hu
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 20 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Normal

2022

FIG . 20A

2042 Negative
dispersion

FIG . 20B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 21 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2102

Rellected

2106

6 6
OO
2104

Transmitted
light

FIG . 21
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 22 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2202

2013
2206

SI

FIG . 22
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 23 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2302

m-
2304

FIG . 23A

2310
2308
2306

0
2307

FIG . 23B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 24 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2402

2016

2406

FIG . 24A

FIG . 24B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 25 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2504
*

0, =0.

FIG . 25A

2502
2504
N = 1.4
FIG . 25B

N = 1.5 2508

25082

FIG . 250
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 26 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

2618
aCohnerdnt M-Chromnatoic 2614

PartialyCohernt 9197
26
.
FIG

2624
C-*Mhromnatoic 8097 2620

26206
2602
BulbLight
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 27 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Laser Source
( Speckles ) Envelope ( 100 samples )

KTN Diffuser Diffusers

2 5

FIG . 27A

KTN Diffuser

(Speckles)

FIG. 27B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 28 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Graphene

Substrate Das

FIG , 27C

Nature Light Typical Laser

Object ( Speckles ) Diffuser

FIG . 27D
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 29 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

4 ElSectraigel KDifTuNser

2
inaOzdZAX+

Excita on FIG
28
.

Detcor 180ofAr ay
Depltion STED
(
)
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 30 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

I7067
MCohWerEnt )
0
(

12062
PCaorhteilnyt )
9
(
29
.
FIG

2902

I7067
3 )
a
(

2902
2902
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 31 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

50 0
unit
)
Years
10
in
Light
(
30 4

30 0
CPoahretialnty )
109
(
EPhase
Years
Light
v.s.
Frerquoerncsy
or
20 0
FIG
30
.

30 2
miLA A
Phase Cohernc
V
LBaesenrs

-0.5 -1.0
Unit)A(rbitrary
0
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 32 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

3102

?
cohereMWEnt
coherentMW-iront
3108

FIG . 31
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 33 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

1 C ir c ul a r

noon 32
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 34 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

LCP
5 Linear-2

3 02

Linear
1
- DocRCP 33
.
FIG

1
Q
0
+

NonP-Loliagrihzetd
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 35 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

CRirCculPar )
c
(

LY
-inear 2 34
.
FIG
Son

)
a
(

LX-inear
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 36 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

(RCP)p-cRoilracguihlzaetrd ee

35
.
FIG

Lp(LCPe)oftlmacir uzleadr > Directon

---
2 XXx06ách theofProjection 1
*
s
;
spin
photon
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 37 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

A2

Yin
-
(
)
?? )
c
(

3604
36
.
FIG
Po

)
a
(
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 38 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

3702.
3704

***
1

RAVE FIG . 37A

(Thisinvention)
3702
(OV ) (+/-V,OV)
Vertical
non - uniform EL (QMprediction)
Electric Field
F - Pe VE )
3704 (Ground V }
Vertical Polarization
input photon
Input
FIG . 37B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 39 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

V -Polarization (+ V ) 42 3802
3806 E (2) PeE (z )
??
1 + X FO
3804

FIG . 38A

* 3802
Yin(-)
E ( z) PeE (z )
??
1
Yang ( + )
1 3804
X F

Fo = Pe V ( E )
FIG . 38B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 40 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

3902

3904

(b )

FIG . 39
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 41 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

690

40
.
FIG
of
)
?
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 42 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

??

@
U 41
.
FIG

2.3.

100

)
a
(
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 43 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

4208 42A
.
FIG 42B
.
FIG
nor No
Epo
4202
PA
12

4206 4 2 0 4 1
ni
4206 42042 >
4202
E
> M2

90
no

4204
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 44 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

c)P(oarhteiralnty

Epe
4302
13

4306 43
.
FIG

ang gang

4306
lo
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 45 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

MWF + Refracted (OV )

MWF, * Refracted ?
.
co
)
b
(
MWE + Refracted ( +V).

( c)

FIG . 44
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 46 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

slit
slit p a t e r n s
DSoicunrbgeln 4508 PWDaertvicelor DSiconrugeblneslit p a t e r n s
4508 WPDaertvicelor
4506
4504 450 4504
4502 45024500
45A
.
FIG 45B
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 47 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

s-dColmupiblet
inptaerf nces
inptaerf nces
slitd-Upperouble -slitdLouwbelr
inptaerf nces

WPartvicel WPartvicel 4WPa6rt1vic0el

4608 Scre n4620 Scre n Scre n
D4604 etcor 4606 D46e0t4cor 4618
4612 Det c or
460 STwoilniglte *46164614
4602
46A
.
FIG 46B
.
FIG 46C
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 48 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

47062
4708 47
FIG
.
(NoI)nterfer nceNoWpatvern 47061
47041

4702
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 49 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

4802

4808

48
.
FIG

4806 2181

1081
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 50 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

FIG . 49
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 51 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Mom
5002

? ?
5004 **

IV.2 = 1
M )
b
(

an
5012
om ( C)

FIG . 50
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 52 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

VEVRX
6
? ?

AIR 1
M AIR,d>=0

mm
FIG . 51
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 53 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

52A
.
FIG
5206 5204

8OCS 52B
.
FIG
*****

2 waterowane w

5202 5206 5208

MWC
ILW>nicagdlhent RVc&Veflected TVi&Vransmit ed
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 54 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

/ 5302

FIG . 53A

5304
SD
5302

D2
5308

FIG . 53B
5312

6302

2012
FIG . 530
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 55 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

O&peje
DU ***

SOX
Qutour -
MO 53D
.
FIG
Dog
Sput er
MA MON
w

only
GW
(
)
WO S
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 56 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

SAMP
c ) ( 02 ) ( 2)

? ? 102 ) 103 )
FIG . 54A
406
?
-
,
6
Do
FIG . 54B

FIG. 540
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 57 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Te Lo

RE
930 88

Duo
bo m
1

.
NOVAS

?8 8 ?
54D
.
FIG 54E
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 58 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

5516
5508 , 5510

11,12 Db D3
5522
5520
5502 , 5504
5506
5512.5514
???
FIG. 55A

5516
5508 , 5510

11,13
1 Do D3
5530
$ 526.5528

5512 5814
5518
do
FIG . 553
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 59 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

10
. -
?

??
| -
.

. u -

In
A
A

.
-- .
1

FIG.56
.

| |

201 . .

- | -- .

????
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 60 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

H10 )
H

DICT2012
57
.
FIG

WS
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 61 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

al

5802 po D3

5804
904

FIG . 58
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 62 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

5902, 5904

5902. 5904
5906

FIG . 59A

x
5908 (or 5910)

5910(or 5908 )

Sagnac loop

FIG . 59B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 63 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

D3

agoa

FIG . 60
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 64 of 128 US 2020/0397301 A1

(
1
)
ITO 12 01 ?
:

? ? ?

?? ??
?
?
?? ?

FIG.61
? ? ?

?
? ?

??? ??
?
?

?
??
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 65 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

*
>
010
<

>
1H
+
IV
SBuhncoiwng EinBSf ect

LOiuntepaurt
PD
45
in
.
deg
6208
olarizer Mir or
>
IV Polarizton Bspeliatmer
MWi1stpnhdoutcni'vseMWEand24photon's fromPBSw.Horizontal Polarizton
FIG
62
.
MWEI 6202
andMWEphot n's Polarize 6203
with
PBS
from
MW
2ndpihnodutconi'vse Vpoelratizcalon 6201
Polarize M

andfSpialtiearl fnourroiosme Lsaosurec

Source
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 66 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

6310 Pw.TheamoiptroasnlL-Porolacrikzaetidon
COCEject
M Pahiortedn 6312
.

WWW
IpndhuoctivnePfpaoluiorwsEPxrcilnuspaoln
6306
***

6308
* * ** * * * * *
0
>
Eco 63
.
FIG

6304

6306 and
)
+
(
Yang
Charge
-
Anti 6308
)
-
(
Yin
Charge CInrduecativldy CInrdeucativedly
6318
QYin
)
-
(
uantum
6316
Q)
Yang
+uantum
(

6302
.....
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 67 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Pairs -LPolacrikzetdon
Toremporal
.
w

EPxrcilnuspaoln
PfCQCoaluilroisw
2

CInrdeucativedly BE
QYin
6318
)
-
(
uantum
IMCnrdueWcativFldy6316QYang(+)uantum 64
.
FIG

Yang
Charge
-
Anti
and Yin
)
+ QCuhanrtgae
)
(
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 68 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Type -I EPRPairs
104 > Random Polarization
102 > = el6*10 >
6504

---
6502

FIG . 65A
21
6508

Type - II EPR Pairs (Jones Vector )

14> = (Cos (@ti a ), 0 ) or (0, Sin (@tt a )),
192> ~ +/-R90 * 14 ,>
Frequency
ittters
6514

Degenerate palled state

matched spatial phases but
W.random polarizations
FIG . 65B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 69 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

CAS
Oml KDP
he Inout ?

66A
.
FIG 66B
.
FIG
SOS
AD
***
Beom .
Route )
KOR
(
/
Iyo
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 70 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

6702
6708 OH
AEN
mana
OV
FIG . 67A

45H 6708 OTH

45H
AN wy
6710
attro
OneV
FIG . 67B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 71 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Angle bw Polarizers AB 3
{deo )
3
:
1

average hits) - >

Rates(hits)- >
Aspect's Raw Coincidence
Rates( hits)- >
Aspects Adj. Coincidence *** 8

FIG . 68A

FIG . 68B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 72 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

BB0-2 is in 2nd

Photon Outputs Photon Outputs

BBOCrystals
23
WY ) V)

016 )

403 ) Vipelerinde
180

pump input FIG . 69A

sepe

FIG . 69B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 73 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

RHC
FIG . 70A

FIG . 70B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 74 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Spin

Magnetic .
1 FIG
71B
.

FLienlds

Magnetic 0
0 71A
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 75 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

npe V

WS
Po

FIG . 72A

200
5ºCo Ni+ 6 +12
FIG . 72B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 76 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Quantum
Anti-Charge Yin
(
-
)

Energy Yang
(
)

ESUplepctiron 73A
.
FIG

DSPospitwron 73B
.
FIG

Anti-EnergyThread -
Yin
( ChargeQuantum )
Yang
(
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 77 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

OSpin
+rbital
Momentu Spin
A MagneticMoment Anti-ChargeQuantum EnergySofmetrand
w
Yang
(
)
+

DSElopecwitrno
View
3D
:
m
(
1
**
)
2
/
1 .
FIG
74A

OSpin
+rbital
Momentu Spin
+
e MagneticMoment ChargeQuantum Yang
(
) Anti-EnergySoftmerand

PDSospitwron3DView(ins1/2) $
-1/2 74B
.
FIG
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 78 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

10
75
.
FIG
7502
+
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 79 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Orbiting Spin

FIG . 76
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 80 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Neutron 2D Model

Charge

1/2 +1/2
* 2 /3
und o
3 NN 13
13
+1/2
d
FIG . 77A

Proton 2D Model

Spin | Charge
12 12
+2
umu 23
3
+112 13

FIG. 77B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 81 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Z Z

9084

Field
)
B
Magnetic
(

78
.
FIG

208L
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 82 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

up
-
Spin

N S

79
.
FIG

-
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 83 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

VE
919

8006
8002

FIG . 80A

................ :

80008
8002

FIG . 80B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 84 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

V BMJ (y

FIG . 81A

Vx11° = 4 (J &

FIG . 81B
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 85 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

n ann 8212

FIG
82
.

8202

[n]
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 86 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

fmNecoehanrwism espa-cflrtepicrhtlnaseg Vxw

=
40
:
+
€ P
0

W&GMWheldinteractions CEMformFlaoisdeilcad ap-sclartpiehcrlaneg

VE

83
.
FIG

8302

MNoedwl PAarltipchleas CAlaspihcalMPaortdicels

8306
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 87 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Interf c SPahtowerdn 0
=
B
if
Shift
no

h
w
BFILongnifenlitde Eanditsnclosure VpAoetcntoiarl
Interf nce SPhaitferdn not
is
B
if
Zero

o
84
.
FIG

Electron Wavefunctio 2
-
path
in
O G G wavefunctioElectron
2 8402
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 88 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

outofpaper
=

!
+6
:
J
(
Ho
VxW
same
the
of
view
x 8502
MWEquivalent objects
FMiWeld
Field out
B
EM ofpaper FIG
.
85
8502
2EquDivalBent osbjaecmtes
is
B
&
E
null theobject

Feromagnticobjects 8502
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 89 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

W
0
Scre n
FFworce
86
.
FIG
8602 8610

2 9098
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 90 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Interf c pat em

VIE
+
?
v
V0G
)
B
,
W
8,0,1
00E

Force
Fw
0
=

87
.
FIG

Ue
(
Hy
0g
:
4
,
)
X
Ev
PG
Path
:
1

8704
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 91 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

K* multiplets with
Representation different Energy
Right-handed
Kite State
4112 WX$ *

+2/3 Left-landed
K* State

FIG . 88A FIG . 88B

Left - circular K + Right-circular K +

Representation Representation

Spin Orbital
magnetic
8804

FIG . 88C
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 92 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Mirror

S= 1 > 8912 D1
8904
8902
1 Beam splitter

8910
w

D2
Mirror

FIG . 89
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 93 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Detector D2 Detector D1
counting rate 100% Bunching

100 % Anti
Bunching

FIG . 90
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 94 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Mirror

8904
8902
SE TH > 9108

DeBeam splitter
9102
9106 = /V> DZ

IT

FIG . 91
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 95 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

( Relative Click - Rates vs. Rotator's Angles )

ROLI Armi
30 2870
l@ deg )
100% Single Chas 100 % Single Click
02 Output 50 % Double Click 100 % Single Click
2007 Double click 300 % . Double Click 100% Single clie
Bounching (Anti-Bounching ) (Bounching )
01 +02 Outputs
Coincidence
counts Clicks)
v V a

FIG . 92
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 96 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Linear Polarizer
Analyzer-1
9310
Va= 1 >
9305
9302
Photon Beam stop

Quartz wave
plate to remove 9308
interferences APD2
Linear Polarizer
Analyzer - 2

FIG . 93
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24 , 2020 Sheet 97 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

Bell
QM
&
Predictons
R90
)
2
*°
+
EPR
IBBO
oType
-tatort
EPR
vs
.
Predictons Doly
Expt

OM

94
.
FIG

RNo
EPR
BBO
*
Type
1otator
-
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 98 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

9511 D27

Rosator MEN ZIS6

IAMI 8056 BY
(
95
.
FIG
2
ola
9502 CipohneprtuontPhotonsand2nd(MWE):1sts
9056
Patent Application Publication Dec. 24. 2020 Sheet 99 of 128 US 2020/0397391 A1

9514

.
:
9512
9516
PS 96OIL

9505 CipohneprtuontPhotonsand2ndsMWE):1(
:
.

9506