CONTENTS :

1. ABSTRACT

2. AIM OF THE PROJECT

3. INTODUCTION

4. HARDWARE COMPONENTS USED

5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE

7. APPLICATIONS

8. RESULT

9. CONCLUSION

10. REFERENCES
ABSTRACT :
Dual-tone Multi-frequency (DTMF) Signals are used in touch-tone telephones as well as many other
areas. Since analog devices are rapidly changing with digital devices, digital DTMF decoders become
important. There are different type of DTMF decoding algorithms, but most of them cannot comply with the
related International Telecommunications Union(ITU) and Bell Communications Research, Inc. Bellcore
recommendations and are not perfect for real-time implementation. In this survey a brief review of some
DTMF detector implementations is given. Although the Goertzel Algorithm is not able to satisfy the standards,
it was the best approach in the sense of computational load and memory usage efficiency. It might be possible
to use the Goertzel Algorithm with variable window length to satisfy the specifications. The aim of this project
is to implement a DTMF detector, which is ITU complaint, on a fixed point low cost DSP. This detector detects
DTMF tones in multiple-channels with as much as possible channels.

AIM : To implement the DTMF tone decoder using 8870 IC

INTODUCTION :
Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) is an international signalling standard for telephone digits (number
buttons). These signals are used in touch-tone telephone call signalling as well as many other areas such as
interactive control applications, telephone banking and pager systems. Since analog devices are proportionally
changing with digital devices, digital DTMF decoders become important.Digital implementation has several
advantages over analog implementation such as greater accuracy, stability, re-programmability and a lower
chip count; that is, instead of using many analog chips for decoding multi-channel DTMF tones, using only a
digital signal processor (DSP) chip for all channels.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS USED :

RESISTORS: 220 ohms –5, 100k ohms –2, 330k ohms –1 are used.
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance
as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to
divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

CAPACITORS: 10nF–1,20pF –1 are used.

capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is a passive electronic
component with two terminals.The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While some capacitance
exists between any two electrical conductors in proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component designed to
add capacitance to a circuit. The capacitor was originally known as a condenser or condensator.
 CM 8870 IC:
MT8870 is a complete DTMF receiver. It integrates the band split filter and digital
decoderfunctions. The filter section uses switched capacitor techniques for high and low group filters.The
decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a4-bit code. This
DTMF receiver minimizes external component count by providing an on-chipdifferential input amplifier,
clock generator and a latched three-state interface bus.The MT8870 monolithic DTMF receiver offers small
size, low power consumption and highperformance.

3.579545 MHZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR:

A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a
vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a precise frequency.This frequency
is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital
integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.
A crystal oscillator, particularly one made of quartz crystal, works by being distorted by an electric field when
voltage is applied to an electrode near or on the crystal. This property is known as electrostriction or inverse
piezoelectricity
 3.5mm JACK :
A phone connector, also known as phone jack, audio jack, headphone jack or jack plug, is a
family of electrical connectors typically used for analog audio signals. The standard is that a plug (described
as the male connector) will connect with a jack (described as female).
The audio jack is cylindrical in shape, with a grooved tip to retain it. In its original audio configuration, it
typically has two, three, four or, occasionally, five contacts. Three-contact versions are known as TRS
connectors, where T stands for "tip", R stands for "ring" and S stands for "sleeve"

LED’S :
A light-emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light
when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy
in the form of photons. The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined by
the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor. White light is obtained by using
multiple semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor device.
LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources, including lower power consumption, longer
lifetime, improved physical robustness, smaller size, and faster switching. In exchange for these generally
favorable attributes, disadvantages of LEDs include electrical limitations to low voltage and generally to DC
(not AC) power, inability to provide steady illumination from a pulsing DC or an AC electrical supply source,
and lesser maximum operating temperature and storage temperature. In contrast to LEDs, incandescent lamps
can be made to intrinsically run at virtually any supply voltage, can utilize either AC or DC current
interchangeably, and will provide steady illumination when powered by AC or pulsing DC even at a frequency
as low as 50 Hz.
 CONNECTING WIRES:

Connecting wires allows an electrical current to travel from one point on a circuit to another,

because electricity needs a medium through which to move. In the case of computers, wires are embedded

into circuit boards, carrying pulses of electricity that are interpreted as binary signals of zeros and ones.Most

wires in computers and electronic components are made of copper or aluminum. Copper is cheap and

electrically conductive. Silver has higher conductivity but is far more expensive.In a basic circuit, the wire

comes from one terminal of a power source, such as a battery. It then connects to a switch that determines

whether the circuit is open or closed. The wire then connects to the device that is drawing power, allowing it

to draw electricity and perform its task. Finally, the wire connects the load back to the opposite terminal of

the power source.

9V BATTERY :

The nine-volt battery, or 9-vatteryolt b, is an electric battery that supplies a nominal voltage

of 9 volts. Actual voltage measures 7.2 to 9.6 volts, depending on battery chemistry. Batteries of various

sizes and capacities are manufactured; a very common size is known as PP3, introduced for early transistor

radios. The PP3 has a rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and two polarized snap connectors on the
top. This type is commonly used for many applications including household uses such as smoke and gas

detectors, clocks, and toys.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

WORKING PRINCIPLE :

DTMF technology works by having the handset generate tones at specific frequencies and playing
them over the phone line when a button is pressed on the keypad. Equipment at the other end of the phone
line listens to the specific sounds and decodes them into commands.These commands are typically used to
dial a phone number to call but can also be used to signal phone control commands or control remote
equipment, since the control tones are played on the same channel as the voice signal. It is an in-band
signaling system; this is different than out-of-band systems.

DTMF specifies eight different tones. They are divided into a high group and a low group. Each key press
corresponds to two tones -- hence the name dual tone -- one from the high group and one from the low
group. This allows for 16 total keys.

Key Tone Output Logic

Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1

1. 0 0 0 1
2. 0 0 1 0
3. 0 0 1 1
4. 0 1 0 0
5. 0 1 0 1
6. 0 1 1 0
7. 0 1 1 1
 8. 1 0 0 0
9. 1 0 0 1
0. 1 0 1 0
*. 1 0 1 1
#. 1 1 0 0
A. 1 1 0 1
B. 1 1 1 0
C. 1 1 1 1
D. 0 0 0 0

RESULT:

APPLICATIONS:

• The DTMF tones are mainly used at the telephone switching centers, to detect the dialed
numbers
• These are used in the terrestrial stations to switch on and switch off the remote transmitters
• DTMF is also used in the call centers, IVR systems, and security systems
• This system can be used in the industrial applications

ADVANTAGES :
• A fast response will achieve
• With low price, the DTMF can be designed
• It can control the electrical devices wirelessly
• The consumption of power is less
• The construction of DTMT is very easy
CONCLUSION :
DTMF decoder circuit was implemented using CM 8870 IC

REFERENCES:
• http://www.polar-electric.com/DTMF/Index.html
• https://youtu.be/T6C6GUpo9ag
• https://pas-products.com/dtmf_tone_decoder.html