Week 8 Lecture Material PDF

EL
New Buildings in Historic

PT Settings
PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU

ARCHITECTURE & REGIONAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT
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Changing street
scape in a city
Chowringhee‐Road in
Kolkata
1945‐1946.and 1990
PT
Source: www.library.upenn.edu
Oxford Street in
London
1920 & 2010
© Bishopsgate Institute
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Changing city scape
Kolkata
PT Oxford Street in
Jawaharlal Nehru Road
(nee Chowringhee Road )
in 1990
London in 2010
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Street scape in a cities
Shimpi Ali path
Pune
PT
Salisbury , UK Fort Kochi
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Filling the Gap  GRAIN
ELEMENTS OF TOWNSCAPE
 MASS/ PLOT WIDTH
 BUILDING LINE
 SILHOUTTE/ SKY LINE
PT  COLOUR & TEXTURE
 SCALE
 VISUAL DENSITY/ FENESTRATION
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Filling the Gap Urban fabric and form comparison
GRAIN
Explains the texture of historic property
with topography, morphology, built form
etc. Course grain , Fine grain
PT
@ RehinkUrban
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Filling the Gap
MASS/ PLOT WIDTH
The process of amalgamation
PT
depends on this characteristic
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Filling the Gap
MASS/ PLOT WIDTH
The process of amalgamation
PT
depends on this characteristic
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Filling the Gap
BUILDING LINE
Major and minor building lines
PT
need to be identified
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Filling the Gap
BUILDING LINE
PT
Major and minor building
lines need to be identified
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Filling the Gap
BUILDING LINE
PT
Major and minor building
lines need to be identified
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Filling the Gap
BUILDING SETBACK
PT
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Filling the Gap
SILHOUTTE/ SKY LINE
PT
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Filling the Gap
SILHOUTTE/ SKY LINE
PT
Set of old cities
silhouette isolated
on white
background.
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Filling the Gap
Salisbury, North Carolina
SCALE
PT
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Filling the Gap
COLOUR & TEXTURE
PT
Oxford
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Filling the Gap
VISUAL DENSITY/
FENESTRATION
PT
Nature and size of various
details and openings
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Filling the Gap
London, St Paul’s
Cathedral
PT Kolkata,
Darzeepara
@ Indrani Sarkar
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Filling the Gap
PT
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Filling the Gap
PT
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Filling the Gap
PT
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Heritage Impact Assessment
PT in Historic Settings

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Filling the Gap
PT
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Filling the Gap
PT
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Filling the Gap VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
PT
Bhubaneswar Old Town
Vaswati Chatterjee ‘INTEGRATED URBAN
CONSERVATION IN BHUBANESWAR OLD TOWN’,
unpublished MCP dissertation, ARP Dept,
IITKharagpur 2012,
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Filling the Gap
Height Regulation Through Heritage Impact Assessment
AREA OF VISUAL LINKAGE
TO LINGARAJ TEMPLE
PT
CHANGING STREETSCAPE
Bhubaneswar Old Town
Vaswati Chatterjee ‘INTEGRATED URBAN
CONSERVATION IN BHUBANESWAR OLD TOWN’,
unpublished MCP dissertation, ARP Dept,
VISUAL LINKAGE ORIGINALLY WITH INITIAL HEIGHT OF 8 M
IITKharagpur 2012,
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Filling the Gap
DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN GUIDELINES
PT
CHANGING STREETSCAPE
Kanchipuram Traditional House
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Filling the Gap
Development of Design Guidelines
Kanchipuram
Traditional House
PT Ubathalaivar,
Paramasivam Street,
Big Kanchipuram.
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Filling the Gap
Development of Design
Guidelines
Kanchipuram
PT
A systematic approach for evolving byelaws, codes and
guidelines in heritage conservation areas : Use of visual
simulation techniques”, Basu, S., Mukerji, A., &
Chatterjee, V. , Proceedings from STREMAH 2013: 13th
International Conference on Studies, Repairs and
Maintenance of Heritage Architecture. New Forest:
WIT Press. 2013
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Revitalising an Old Street
AMRITSAR
PT
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BUILDING IN
CONTEXT
New development in
historic areas
PT
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Adaptive Reuse
PT
Rehabilitation of Heritage Structures and
Historic Areas

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Adapting an Older Building for a New Use
It's inevitable that structures will age and outgrow their original functions.
With changes in technology and lifestyle, construction and design are
constantly updated to meet modern demands, and older structures are left in
the wake of change.
Those sensitive to history may prefer to restore older structures to their former
PT
glory; however, costs often make this plan unrealistic. An alternate concept is
"adaptive reuse" ‐ a process of retrofitting old buildings for new uses, which
allows structures to retain their historic integrity while providing for occupants'
modern needs.
By Dave Clark BUILDING EDUCATION 04/01/2008
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Adapting an Older
Building for a New Use
A large, steel‐framed building
built in 1892 transformed
San Francisco Ferry Building into a retail and restaurant
space on the ground floor that
focuses on local, sustainable
products.
PT Combination of transit, office
use, and unique retail makes
the Ferry Building a
destination for locals and
tourists alike stimulating the
waterfront
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Distillery District
Toronto, Ontario,
Canada.
Distillery District is a commercial and
residential district in Toronto, Ontario,
PT Canada.
Background
Gooderham and Worts, once the largest distiller
in Canada, the distillery facility on the Toronto
waterfront was closed in the 1990s.
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Distillery District , Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
In 2001, the site was purchased by Cityscape Holdings Inc., which transformed the
district into a pedestrian‐orientated area. Eventually converted into the Distillery
District, including the Young Centre for the Performing Arts that opened in 2006
PT
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Adapting an Older Building for
a New Use
Danish Tavern , Serampore , W Bengal
PT
Danish settlement with tavern Denmark tavern, 1923,
1790 West Bengal. Serampore, West Bengal.
www.millenniumpost.in natmus.dk
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Adapting an Older Building
for a New Use
Danish Tavern , Serampore ,
W Bengal
PT Architect Manish Chakraborty
Patronage :
Serampore Initiative’ of the National Museum of
Denmark also
West Bengal Heritage Commission & INTACH
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Danish Tavern , Serampore , W Bengal
The renova on cost ₹5 crore borne by
Realdania, a private association in Denmark
which supports philanthropic projects in the
realms of architecture and planning, and
the
PT Department of Tourism, Government of
West Bengal.
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for a New Use
Government House Serampore , W Bengal
PT Architect Gopa Sen , Crafts men
Bente Wolff, project head, Serampore Initiative, and consultant

architect Flemming Aalund, National Museum of Denmark,
inside the Denmark Government House ,Serampore court compound,
( Above ) before restoration.
(Below) The duo in the Government House after restoration.
Pictures by Pradip Sanyal
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for a New Use
The Financial Case
 Arguably the most important factor in
the decision to adapt an existing building
is cost.
PT
 Whether the owner is private or public,
budgets always come into play.
 Unless the actual goal is historic restoration of a treasured landmark (when
restoration may cost more than a new building), then adaptive reuse
must be the more cost‐effective option, or rebuilding will win favor.
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Guidelines for Rehabilitation
1. Minimal changes to a property's
defining characteristics should
be made.
PT
2. Its historic character shall be
retained, preserving as much of
the original fabric as possible.
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Park Mansion , Park Street , Kolkata
3. Additions that create a conjectured or false
history are not to be made, though
additions that have actually been made
throughout a building's life should be
4.
PT
preserved.
As much as possible, building elements
should be repaired rather than replaced.
5. If an element cannot be repaired, then a replacement must be identical in
appearance and material to the original.
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6. Further, buildings and their surroundings must not
be harmed during the rehabilitation process. This
includes the use of harsh surface treatments,
damaging archaeological resources, or using
irreversible connection methods for new additions.
PT
7. If a new work is to be made, such as an addition, it
is to be differentiated from the old while still
keeping with the original structure's architectural
features and scale.
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Adapting and Reusing Buildings
 Bypassing the wasteful process of demolition
and reconstruction alone makes adaptive reuse
attractive.
 Environmental benefits, combined with

Carriageworks , Sydney
energy savings and the social advantage of
PT
repurposing a place with valued heritage, make
adaptive reuse an essential component of
sustainable development.
A contemporary performing arts
centre for theatre, experimental
dance and acrobatic theatre housed
in the former Eveleigh Carriage
Workshops
 Historic buildings provide a glimpse of our past while lending

character and serving a new practical purpose in our modern communities.
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Adapting and Reusing Buildings
An old factory may become an apartment

complex,
a rundown church may find new life as a
condominium
or an old office building may be transformed
PT
into a vibrant retail facility.
In many ways, an adaptive-reuse project

can invigorate a community by meeting
the changing needs of the population.
Khushru Irani Design Studio (KIDS)
artfully restore an old structure
combining contemporary detailing with
much of its original splendour, partly to
be used as their studio and a space for
events open to the community.
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THEN
WHY ?
PT
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Heritage Conservation
Legislative & Organizational Policies for India
PT PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU
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Heritage Conservation in India
Monuments & Heritage Sites
Delhi
Monuments Red Fort , Humayun’s Tomb
PT
Heritage Sites Rashtrapati Bhavan , North Block , South Block , Connaught Place
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Safeguarding Heritage Structures and Historic Areas in India
Organisational framework and role of various agencies
Agencies
Monuments are protected by
1. Archaeological Survey (ASI)
2. State government archaeological departments Challenge
Conserving our
historic areas and

PT
Heritage Sites and Historic areas
 Town & County Planning Organization (TCPO)
Ministry of urban development
National Monuments Authority (NMA)
planning the
development of
our cities , towns ,
settlements and
region
NGO
Indian National Trust of Art & Cultural Heritage (INTACH)
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Organizational framework and role of various agencies
Archaeological Survey (ASI)
 Founded in 1861 in the British Indian Empire, now a Government of India
Ministry of Culture organization
 Responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and
preservation of cultural monuments in the country.
PT  The ASI divided into circles each headed by a Superintending Archaeologist.
 ASI administers more than 3650 ancient monuments, archaeological sites
and remains of national importance.
 These can include everything from temples, mosques, churches, tombs,
and cemeteries to palaces, forts, step‐wells, and rock‐cut caves. State
government archaeological departments
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Provisions of the AMASR Act
 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act 1958
 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains. (Amendment
and Validation) Act, 2010 (Concurrent Act )
PT
Archaeological Survey
Competent Authority State
(ASI)
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Heritage Sites
Raj Bhavan Maidan Chowringhee , Kolkata

PT
Fort Marie Drive Mumbai Marina Beach , Chennai
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Heritage Sites
Chowringhee , Kolkata
PT
Fort & Marine Drive, Mumbai
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Natural Heritage Sites
Back water , Kerala Ranikhet
PT
Sand dunes Matheran Sundarban Landour
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Why Heritage Legislation or Regulations ?
Without heritage legislation or heritage regulations there
can be NO permanent preservation
Some Restoration Projects St James Church , Delhi
PT By Amanraj04 ‐ Own
work, CC BY‐SA 4.0,
https://commons.wikime
dia.org/w/index.php?curi
d=51608271
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Without heritage legislation or heritage regulations there can be
NO permanent preservation
Some Restoration Projects
PT
Mehrangarh fort ,
Jodhpur
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Without heritage legislation or heritage regulations there can be
NO permanent preservation
Some Restoration Projects
PT
Prinsep Ghat , Kolkata
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Larger picture
Restoration preserves only a few sites .
Other sites in the historic cities and areas and outside are not protected by the
law and NEED PRESERVATION
Kenilworth Hotel, Kolkata
Heritage regulations or legislation –
 save hundreds if not thousands of
PT
buildings
 cannot restore a building , but
they can prevent the biggest threat to
physical heritage, namely demolition
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Kenilworth Hotel, Kolkata
PT
Heritage regulations or legislation
can prevent the biggest threat to
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Senate House , Calcutta
University, Kolkata
1957
The Senate Hall of
Calcutta University ,
being demolished.
PT
can prevent the biggest threat to
The new Centenary
building
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PT
Nazarbaug Palace, situated near the
old city area of Baroda demolished in
The historic headquarters of Binny Limited ,
Chennai is being razed in 2017 .
2014
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 In most cases, legislation (Bill or an Act which requires going to the
Legislature ) is not required for heritage conservation
 Heritage regulations can generally be enacted under the existing Town &
Country Planning laws , as in the case of Mumbai, Hyderabad , Nagpur,
PT
Pune, Mahabaleswar , Delhi, Gandhinagar , Ahmedabad, Bhubaneswar etc .
 This is the role of the State Government

 Special zones can be designated under existing Town & Country Planning
laws
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Heritage regulations or legislation Khotachi Wadi
in Girgaum
MUMBAI:
 Introduced a landmark law in 1990s
identifying and protecting heritage in 1920s‐built
the city. Dadar Parsi
Colony
 The country's first urban heritage rule
PT
looked beyond grand buildings to
neighbourhoods or "precincts"—
clusters of buildings and spaces that had a
unique sense of place, reflecting a historical
aesthetic or way of life.
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Implications of Listing
A building being listed as a heritage building does
not imply
 That it cannot be used
PT
 That it cannot be altered
 That its ownership change
St Joshephs Convent
 That it cannot be sold or leased out Mumbai Grade II B
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Heritage regulations or legislation MUMBAI
Heritage Regulations for Greater Bombay came into force on 1st June 1995.
 There are 574 buildings including several forts, 14 milestones and 18 precincts
including some open spaces listed in Greater Bombay.
 This list is a register recording the finest of Bombay’s buildings and precincts.

PT
They include individual buildings, maidans, milestones and groups of buildings
within a precinct
Not all the items in the lists are as beautiful or attractive
Some are included purely for their historical value or because of their
association with people and events
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Heritage Regulations for Greater Bombay
The inclusion of a building in the heritage list
does not mean that development is NOT
permitted.
PT
It only means that
an expert inter – disciplinary group
determines
what suitable development is allowed
within the framework of the Heritage
Regulations of 1995 . Cama Building at Gilder Road, Grade III
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 Heritage status are graded
Grade II-A status — buildings of regional or

local importance with special architectural
features or aesthetics — be accorded for
PT
setting up a “heritage streetscape”
eg buildings - Mahalaxmi temple precinct
Mahalaxmi temple precinct

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Heritage regulations or legislation MUMBAI Heritage precincts
Courtesy URBAN DESIGN RESEARCH
Grade II-A status — buildings of regional or local INSTITUTE, MUMBAI, INDIA
importance with special architectural features or
aesthetics — be accorded for setting up a
“heritage streetscape”
PT
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November 5, 2016
2017 report
PT
Heritage precincts shrink by up to 50% in 20 years
the city’s new development draft permits Grade‐III heritage
structures and precincts to be redeveloped up to 10 storeys
instead of the earlier 24 meters without any special permission
from the commissioner’s office.
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Heritage regulations or legislation Khotachi Wadi
in Girgaum
MUMBAI: Issues
 Lack of incentives for repair or conservation, incentives
like a repair fund, exemption from property taxes, and
exemption on parking, balcony and setback norms to allow
reconstruction to harmonise with an older streetscape.
PT
 Only existing incentive: heritage TDR, which grants compensatory development rights
in another part of the city .
 Heritage TDR has had few takers because it offers far lower building rights than
redevelopment policies; an FSI of 1.33, say , compared to an FSI 3 under the cessed
policy.
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Heritage regulations or legislation MUMBAI: Recommendations
PT
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PT Legislative & Organizational Policies ,
Role of Voluntary organizations and NGOs for
safeguarding heritage
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Heritage regulations or legislation MUMBAI: Recommendations
 Need to define and delimit precincts and neighbourhoods through special legislation
 Innovative tax incentives to support conservation
 Need to prioritize funding for Government buildings
 Trust to grants funds to owners for restoration of the structure as well as maintenance for
Grade III private/residential historic stock
 Stronger punitive action against MHCC violations
 Grant funds available with Heritage Committee to provide assistance in specific cases





PT
Awareness and Vigilance
Mumbai Heritage Conservation – on the Web
Need for a Pro‐active role played by Heritage Committee
Discourage renaming of Historic Structures
to establish a local development authority (comprising of locals and professionals)
under the umbrella of the municipality. Co‐ordination between the various agencies
Source : Abha Narain Lambah Associates Conservation Architects & Historic Building Consultants
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Different methods of legislating or regulating for heritage conservation
 Government of India Draft Model Regulations ( both natural and man made )
 Revised Model Regulations given statutory force under the revised
Environmental (Protection) Act 1986
 Model Heritage Bill
PT
 State Town & Country Planning Acts e.g. Punjab Regional and Town Planning and
Development ( Amendment ) Act 2003 , The West Bengal Heritage Commission Act, 2001,
Urban Art Commission
 World Heritage Sites, Large Archeological / Heritage Sites e.g.
Champaner –Pavagadh Archeological Park World World Heirtage Area Management
Authority Act 2006
 Cantonments Act , 2006
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ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES FOR HERITAGE CONSERVATION
 Need for a Nodal Ministry
 Listing
 Field Organization National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities
 Listing by Large Organizations
PT
 Heritage Advisers & Heritage Advisory Committees
 Heritage Conservation Committees
Role of HRIDAY (Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana)
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India
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INDIAN NATIONAL TRUST FOR ART AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (INTACH)
Vision to spearhead heritage awareness and conservation in India
 Recognized as one of the world’s largest heritage organizations, with over 190 Chapters
PT
across the Country.
 Pioneered the conservation and preservation of not just our natural and built heritage
but intangible heritage as well.
 Headquartered in New Delhi, it operates through various divisions
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INDIAN NATIONAL TRUST FOR ART AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (INTACH)
various divisions such as
 Architectural Heritage
 Natural Heritage
 Material Heritage
 Intangible Cultural Heritage
 Heritage Education and Communication




PT Services (HECS)
Crafts and Community Cell
Chapters
INTACH Heritage Academy
Heritage Tourism
 Listing Cell and Library
 Archives and Documentation Centre
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PT
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Voluntary Organizations , NGOs and Peoples Movement
Indian Trust for Art & Cultural
PT Heritage
……… and many more
Indian Trust for Rural Heritage and
Development (ITRHD)
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The 42
KOLKATA:
PT
Darbhanga palace on
Chowringhee
Now demolished
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KOLKATA: Almost gone
1 Garstin Place, an architectural
landmark of immense historical
significance ‐ the first All India
Radio transmission was made
from there
PT Darbhanga palace on
Chowringhee
Art Deco buildings on Hindusthan Road
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Heritage & Democracy
KOLKATA: Initiatives by citizens
CAL
Calcutta
Architectural
Legacies
PT Art Deco
Heritage
Walk
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CAL
Calcutta
Architectural
Legacies
PT Art Deco
Heritage
Walk
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Chitpur Local Arts Festival by Hamdasti
Project event ‐ ‘Courtyard:Re‐imagined’
by Anuradha Pathak in "Tales of Chitpur".
PT ۱‫ۯ۾ۻۯ‬۷۵‫ۼ‬
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Chitpur Local Arts Festival
by Hamdasti
Project event ‐ ‘Courtyard:Re‐imagined’
PT
by Anuradha Pathak in "Tales of Chitpur".
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Role of Voluntary Associations ,
NGOs & Art
Site specific exhibition celebrating
the planned restoration site at
Muktaram Babu Street, Kolkata
PT
Courtesy
Manish Chakraborty
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Role of Voluntary
Associations , NGOs & Art
Kala Ghoda Art Precinct
 This place has become a cultural
PT hub of education, history art and
some popular restaurants of
Mumbai city
 a nine days’ art festival is
organized every year by the Kala
Ghoda Association
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Role of Voluntary
Associations , NGOs & Art
PT
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Thank You
PT
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Heritage - Issues & Potentials
Tourism , Sustainability and Way Forward
PT PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU
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Heritage Tourism
PT
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Heritage Tourism
PT
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Heritage Tourism
Presentation & Interpretation
PT
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Heritage Tourism
Presentation
 denotes the carefully planned communication of
interpretive content through the arrangement of
interpretive information, physical access, and interpretive
infrastructure at a cultural heritage site.

PT
It can be conveyed through a variety of technical means,
including, yet not requiring, such elements as
informational panels, museum‐type displays, formalized
walking tours, lectures and guided tours, and
multimedia applications and websites.
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Heritage Tourism
Presentation
 denotes the carefully planned communication of
interpretive content through the arrangement of
interpretive information, physical access, and
interpretive infrastructure at a cultural heritage site.

PT
It can be conveyed through a variety of technical
means, including, yet not requiring, such elements
as informational panels, museum‐type displays,
formalized walking tours, lectures and guided
tours, and multimedia applications and websites.
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Heritage Tourism
Interpretation
refers to the full range of potential activities intended to
heighten public awareness and enhance understanding of
cultural heritage site.
PT
These can include print and electronic publications, public
lectures, on‐site and directly related off‐site installations,
educational programmes, community activities, and
ongoing research, training, and evaluation of the
interpretation process itself.
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Heritage Tourism
PT
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Heritage Tourism
PT
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UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON HOUSING
AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
HABITAT III
4 ISSUE PAPER ON URBAN CULTURE AND HERITAGE
Key facts and key figures:
 Culture plays an increasing role in the local economy through monetary and non
monetary values.
PT
 Culture‐based urban regeneration experiences have been multiplying.
 Urban challenges must be addressed through culture‐based urban development
schemes.
 The 240 World Heritage Cities and 69 Creative Cities provide “urban laboratories” to
include culture in urban strategic planning.
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UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON HOUSING
AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
HABITAT III
4 ISSUE PAPER ON URBAN CULTURE AND HERITAGE
Key drivers for action
 Including heritage in territorial planning instruments
 PT
Enhancing culture and heritage to improve urban environment and public space
 Supporting the contribution of culture to local economy
 Valorizing cultural values to build social cohesion and mitigate conflicts
 Improving access to basic services in historic centres.
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Thank You
PT
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EL

New Buildings in Historic

PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU

PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU

PROF SANGHAMITRA BASU

PT Architect Gopa Sen , Crafts men

Bente Wolff, project head, Serampore Initiative, and consultant

 Environmental benefits, combined with

 Historic buildings provide a glimpse of our past while lending

An old factory may become an apartment

In many ways, an adaptive-reuse project

Raj Bhavan Maidan Chowringhee , Kolkata

 This is the role of the State Government

 Heritage status are graded

Grade II-A status — buildings of regional or

eg buildings - Mahalaxmi temple precinct

Mahalaxmi temple precinct

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