CLASS 10 – COMPUTER

CHAPTER – 3 – ETHICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES IN ICT

1. Fill in the blanks:
a. Digital citizenship can be defined as the norms of
appropriate responsible behavior required to technology use.
b. Cyber law refers to the law regarding the internet and cyber space.
c. Electronic and digital signature is a security mechanism system that allows the
user to attach the code on the document of electronic record.
d. Cyber bullying is a kind of harassment using electronic devices such as mobiles
and computers.
e. Copyright is a legal right that grants the creator of original work.
2. State whether the following statements are true or false.
a. Society is dependent on ICT for almost every aspect of life. True
b. Hackers are one of the dangerous challenges for the ICT security. True
c. Internet criminals enter into the network system with their real identities. False
d. Digital divide is a challenge of ICT. True
e. You should not use a computer to steal information. True
f. You should use a computer to harm other people. False
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 3. Answer the following questions:
a. What are the major challenges of ICT?
 The major challenges of ICT are:-
i. Virtual identity
ii. Security
iii. Privacy issues
iv. Copyright
v. Social Behavior
vi. Digital divide
b. What do you mean by virtual identity?
 Virtual Identity is the manifestation of one's self in the digital world of e-
commerce, e-mail, social networking, and virtual worlds
c. What do you mean by copyright?
 Copyright refers to a legal right that grants the creator of original work.
d. How may ICT change the social behavior negatively?
 It has negative effects on sleep, work and academic achievement of the
students. It has also been observed that most of the employees in the

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 workplace use the Internet for non-productive
works. Usages of unethical sites have increased
negative behaviors and crimes in the society.
e. What do you mean by digital divide?
 The digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and
regions that have access to modern information and communications
technology (ICT), and those that don't or have restricted access.
f. What do you mean by computer ethics?
 Computer ethic is defined as "to follow the rules and regulation of computer
Bueno technology and not to harm other computer users knowingly or
unknowingly.”
g. Write any five provisions in computer ethics.
 They are mentioned below:-
i. You should not use computer to harm other people.
ii. You should not search the file or record of other people.
iii. You should not destroy, steal and use the computer password of other
people.
iv. You should not steal, destroy and use digital signatures.
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 v. You should not destroy, erase or edit
personal or group records.
h. What do you mean by cyber law?
 Cyber law refers to the law regarding the internet
and cyber space.
i. What are the major components of cyber law?
 The major components of cyber law are:-
i. Electronic and Digital Signature Law
ii. Computer Crime/Cyber Crime Law
iii. Intellectual Property Laws
iv. Data Protection and Privacy Laws
v. Telecommunication Laws
j. Write the major five goals of IT policy 2072 of Nepal.
 The major five goals of IT policy 2072 of Nepal are mentioned below:-
i. At least 75 percent of the population will have digital literacy skills by the
end of 2020.

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 ii. A universal broadband access to all people
on an equitable basis will be in place. By
2020, 90 percent of the population will be
able to access the broadband services.
iii. The role and significance of ICT industries and services (including telecom
services) will increase the Nepali economy with ICT value added
(including digital content and service industry) accounting for at least
7.5% percent of GDP by 2020.
iv. By 2020, entire population of Nepal would have access to the Internet.
v. 80% of all citizens facing government services would be offered online by
2020.
k. Write the vision and objective of IT policy of Nepal.
 The vision of IT policy of Nepal is to transform Nepal into an information and
knowledge – based society and economy.
The objectives of IT policy of Nepal are mentioned below:-
i. To empower and facilitate Nepal's participation in the Global Knowledge
Society.

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 ii. To transform Government service delivery
regime by promoting transparency,
efficiency, inclusiveness and participation
through effective utilization of information
and communication technologies.
iii. To promote ICT to further productivity among the sectors that is key
drivers of the national economy.
iv. To foster efficient, inter-operable, secure, reliable and sustainable
national ICT infrastructure in alignment with grass-root needs, and
compliant with regional and international standards.
v. To promote research and innovation on the role of ICT on the resilience
of low-income communities amid potential environmental, economic
and social shocks.
vi. To further streamline clear strategies and obligations for licensed ICT
service providers with respect to universal access/service goals and
Quality of Service (QoS) and ensure cost-effective connectivity to ICT
services such as Internet, E-Commerce and E-Government services.

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 vii. To promote cost-effective and qualitative
last-mile access technologies for providing
secure access to Internet including
commercial and public information services,
E- government applications by communities (including the disadvantaged
and physically challenged especially in rural and undeserved areas.
viii. To create easily accessible, affordable and innovative public access points
under comprehensive Community/ Village network initiative.
ix. To create a favorable environment for cooperation and partnership in ICT
among public and private sectors, civil society, and between all
stakeholders at local, national, regional and international levels.
x. To increase the institutional capacity along infrastructure and human
resource dimension in public and private educational institutions
including schools, colleges/ universities that offer ICT courses and use
ICTS for pedagogical purposes.
4. Write short notes on:
a. Cyber Law in Nepal  The government of Nepal passed "The Electronic
Transaction and Digital Signature Act-Ordinance" popularly known as "Cyber
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 Law" on 30th Bhadra 2061 BS (15 September 2004).
This law has provided new trust to the Information
Technology (IT) sector, and IT professionals are
hopeful that it will create a favorable situation for
conducting IT business.
b. Cyber Crimes in Nepal  as per Nepal Police cybercrime is a form of harassment
through social media, Email threats, Illegal data access, ATM breaches, Hacking,
Copyright, and phishing. As the internet access and use of the internet in Nepal
have been increasing rapidly Cybercrime is also increasing. Though cybercrime
is increasing in Nepal. There is no law to deal specifically with the cybercrime.
However, before 2004 the government of Nepal uses to deal with cybercrime
under the public offense act. Later on the Electronic Transaction and digital
signature act 2004 was passed. This act is considered to be the cyber law of
Nepal.

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