Operation Management - it is the process to which we able to overthink and look at the

operations or the processes that are occurring as certain business organization.

Operations - the things that are happening along and across as specific organization.
Management- to handle, to see and to overlook.
Three primary department that compose a business organization
- Marketing department
- Operations department
- The finance department.
Main role of operations and management - it is responsible in looking over or handling all the
operations that are occurring on specific business organization.

Sa input dito natin makikita yung mga raw materials yung mga
nagtatrabaho or yung mga kinakailangan natin para makapagproduce
ng output. After naman ng input magpoproceed naman or magagawa
na natin ang transformation process dito naman nangyayare ang mga
physical change, chemical change and interaction between human and
raw materials, dito na magsasama sama or dito na maguundergo yung
specific process. Then after process magkakaroon na tayo ng tinatawag
na output na pedeng goods or services na pedeng manufactured
product or services. Then pagtapos maproduce ng output meron tayong
tinatwag na customers na magbibigay ng feedback and the cycle is
repeated.

Service - requires talents and skills of specific person/human force or work force/intangible
goods/hindi nagkakaroon ng mga tira-tira
Manufacturers - nagrerequire din ng manpower kase may mga process na pinagdadaanan yung
product/tangible/mabibilang kung ilan ang matitirang product
Similarities of service and manufacturers - they are same income generating, benificial to the
customers and they have important roles sa pamumuhay ng mga tao.
Two types of decision
Strategic decision - pangmatagalan
Tactical Decision - day to day basis
Customers demands better quality, greater speed and lower cost - means ang mga customer
daw ay nagdedemand ng better quality, greater speed and lower costs wala namang customer
ang ayaw ng hindi better quality at mahal.
Companies Implementing Lean - System Concept- principle o konsepto na kung saan we are
making more out of the less.
Recognized needs to be better manage information using ERP and CRM Systems - ang
information na nanggagaling sa ERP at CRM maayos o matiwasay, malalaman natin kung ano
ang kulang
ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning
CRM - Customer Relationship Management
Increase Cross Functional Decision Making - ito yung mga decision na nakapaloob lang sa
tatlong department/dapat pantay silang tatlo
Main role of Marketing Department - it is responsible sa pagpapakilala or promoting
products/advertisements,brochure,billboards/umiisip sila ng mga ideas kung saan mas
mapaparami ang makakakilala sa mga product para makaincrease ng sales.
Main Role of Finance Department - nagsusuporta in terms of money, sila din yung nag babudget
ng ng pera, nasakanila din yung mga salary ng mga empleyado.
Main role of Operation Department - magoverlook sa lahat ng processes and operations,
transactions na nagaganap sa loob ng isang business organization
Capital - initial investment para makapagsimula ng business
Infrastructure - its more on building
Labor - pinakatrabaho ng mga workers eto yung tinatrabaho nila sa isang organization
Product - goods provided ng isang business that consume ng customer
Government Policy - para maregister ang business
Demand - kung ano ang gustong matanggap, kung ano ang gustong mabili
Plant Location - selection of site of your business
Natural or climatic condition - isa itong malaking factors para maging efficient ang business so
we want them to be comfortable and be productive sa workplace.
Nearness to sources of raw materials - distance is important para di masira ang quality ng
material
Trans port Cost - related sa nearness ng raw materials/mahalaga ito lalo na kung madami ang
itatransport from your location to plant location
Access to Market - ang market is yung marami kang customer or madaming in demand
Vailability of Infrastractural Facilities - the basic infrastructure facilities like power, water
become the prominent factors in locations because the wide spread of electric power in most
cases, fuel has not remain a deciding factor for plant location even this still industries located near
the source of fuel to reduce fuel transportation cost.
Availability of Skilled and Non Skilled Workers - the combination of an adequate number of
labor with suitable skills and reasonable wages will highly benefit the firm, however labor intensive
firms should select the plant location which is nearer to the source of manpower.
Financial Institutional Nearby - in order to attract investment in large scale industries offers
loans, subsidies, benefits and sales stocks exemption to the new unit.
Safety and Security - even though safety might be under estimated its still one of the most crucial
factor when choosing a good business location.
Government Influences - the policies of the state government and local bodies concerning
labors, are the factors demand at section. It means the both federal government and the state
government in our nation provide a package of incentives to business owners.
Plant Layout - it refers to the physical arrangement of production facilities. It is the confideration
of departments, works centers and equipment in the conversation process. It is a floor plan of the
physical facilities which are use in production.
Primary Goal of Plant Layout - to maximize the profit by arrangement of all the plant facilities to
the best advantage of total manufacturing of the product.
Product Layout - machines and occullary services are located according to the processing
sequence of the product, if the volume of production of one or more product is large, the facilities
can be arrange to achieve efficient flow of materials and lower cost per unit.
Process Layout - it is recommended for batch production, all machines performing similar types
of operation are grouped at one location in the process layout.
Combination Layout - is possible where an item being made in different types and sizes.
Machinery is arranged in process layout, but the process group is arrange in a sequence to
manufacture various types and sizes of product. It is to be noted the sequence of operation remain
same with the variety of product and sizes. Pinagsamang process layout at product layout.
Fixed-Position Layout - this is also called the project type of layout. In this type of layout the
materials or major components remain in a fixed location. This type of layout is suitable, when one
or few pieces of identical heavy products are to be manufactured and when the assembly consist
of large number of heavy part, the cost of transportation of this parts is very high.
Service Layout - the major factors considered per service providers is an impact of location on
sales and customers satisfaction. Customers usually look about how close is service facility is
particularly if the process requires considerable customer contact.
Factors that needs to be considered in physical facilities
Factory Building - is a factor which is the most important consideration for every industrial
enterprise. A model factory building is required to provide protection for man, machines, materials,
products or even the companies secrets. It has to serve as a part of a production facilities and as a
factor to maximize economy and efficiency of plant operations.
Lighting - it is estimated that 80% of the information required a doing job is perceive visually.
Good visibility of the equipment the product and the data involve in the work process is an
essential factor in accelerative production reducing the number of deprective product.
Climatic Condition - control of a climatic condition of the workplace is important to the workers
hot and comfort and to the maintenance of high productivity with excess heat or cold workers may
feel very uncomfortable and their efficiency traps in a addition is the lead to accident.
Ventilation - is the dynamic parameter that compliments the concept of air space for a given
number of workers the smaller the work premises the more should be the ventilation.
Work Related Welfare Facilities - it offered through the workplace can be important factors.
Some facilities are very basic but often ignored such as drinking water, and toilets. Nagfofocus sa
health ng mga empleyado.