2

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 Combustion data can be used to calculate the empirical formula, molecular formula and relative
molecular mass of many organic compounds. Combustion data cannot distinguish between different
structural isomers.

(a) Define the term structural isomers.

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............................................................................................................................................... [2]

P is a hydrocarbon, CxHy. A gaseous sample of P occupied a volume of 25 cm3 at 37 °C and

(b) 
100 kPa.

The sample was completely burned in 200 cm3 of oxygen (an excess).

The final volume, measured under the same conditions as the gaseous sample (so that the
water produced is liquid and its volume can be ignored), was 150 cm3.

Treating the remaining gaseous mixture with concentrated alkali, to absorb carbon dioxide,
decreased the volume to 50 cm3.

The equation for the complete combustion of P can be represented as shown.

y y
CxHy + (x + )O xCO2 + HO
4 2 2 2
(i) Use the data given to calculate the value of x.

x = .............................. [1]
y
(ii) Use the data given to calculate the value of (x + ).
4

y
(x + ) = .............................. [1]
4

© UCLES 2017 9701/23/M/J/17

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If you were unable to calculate values in (b)(i) and (b)(ii) then use the data in this box for the
remaining parts of this question. These are not the correct values.

y
x=6 (x + )=9
4

(iii) Give the molecular formula and the empirical formula of P.

molecular formula of P .........................................................................................................

empirical formula of P ..........................................................................................................

[2]

(iv) 
P is unbranched.

Give the skeletal formulae for two possible structures of P that are positional isomers of
each other.

[2]

(v) Use the general gas equation to calculate the mass of P present in the original 25 cm3
gaseous sample, which was measured at 37 °C and 100 kPa.

Give your answer to three significant figures.

mass = .............................. g [3]

[Total: 11]

© UCLES 2017 9701/23/M/J/17 [Turn over

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4 (a) (i) Define the term standard cell potential, .

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....................................................................................................................................... [1]

The following incomplete diagram shows the apparatus that can be used to measure the
for a cell composed of the Fe3+ / Fe2+ and Ag+ / Ag half-cells.

A C

B D

(ii) Complete the diagram, labelling the components you add. [1]

(iii) Identify the components A-D.

A .........................................................................................................................................

B .........................................................................................................................................

C .........................................................................................................................................

D .........................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) (i) Use E o values to write an equation for the cell reaction that takes place if the two electrodes
in (a) are connected by a wire and the circuit is completed.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Another electrochemical cell was set up using 0.31 mol dm–3 Ag+(aq) instead of the
standard Ag solution.

Use the Nernst equation, E = E o + 0.059 log [Ag+(aq)], and the relevant E o values to
calculate the new E cell in this experiment.

E cell = .............................. V [2]

[Total: 8]
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(c) An electrochemical cell was set up to measure the standard electrode potential, , of a cell
made of a Co2+ / Co half-cell and a Fe3+ / Fe2+ half-cell.

(i) Complete the table with the substance used to make the electrode in each of these
half-cells.

half-cell electrode
Co2+ / Co
Fe3+ / Fe2+
[1]

(ii) Write the equation for the overall cell reaction.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Use the Data Booklet to calculate the .

= ............................. V [1]

(d) The electrochemical cell in (d) was set up again but this time the concentration of Co2+(aq) was
0.050 mol dm–3.

The Nernst equation can be used to calculate the value of an electrode potential at different
concentrations.

E = E o + (0.059 / z) log [Co2+(aq)] Nernst equation

(i) Use the Data Booklet and the Nernst equation to calculate the value of E for the
Co2+ / Co half-cell in this experiment.

E for Co2+ / Co = ............................. V [1]

(ii) Suggest how this change will affect the overall cell potential, Ecell, compared to in
(d)(iii).
Circle your answer.

less positive no change more positive

[1]

(e) Iron(III) ions can oxidise vanadium metal.

Construct an equation for the reaction of an excess of iron(III) ions with vanadium metal.
Use of the Data Booklet will be helpful.

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]