Name: __________________________________________ Score: _______________________

Section: _________________________________________ Date: _______________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
SCIENCE 7(Q4 – Week 1)

I. Introduction
If one examines a map, one can see that there are lines that run from west to east (left to
right) and lines that go from north to south (top to bottom). These are lines of latitude and
longitude, or the geographic coordinate system, respectively. They are there to help people
describe the location of any place on Earth. These lines are also found on a globe, which is a
better representation of the Earth.

II. Learning Competencies

The learners should be able to demonstrate how places on Earth may be located using
coordinate system.

III. Objectives
After going through this Learning Activity Sheets, the learners are expected to:
1. Differentiate between the circles of latitude and the lines of longitude.
2. Estimate the latitude and longitude of a given city or country.
3. Realize that the location of any place on Earth and its climate can be described using
the geographic coordinate system.

IV. Discussion
The Geographic Coordinate System

Credit: David DiBiase

Latitude
 Latitude is measured in degrees (˚).
 The Equator is 0 degrees Latitude.
 The North Pole is 90 degrees N Latitude, and the South Pole is 90 degrees S Latitude.

Lines of Latitude (parallels of latitude)

 Run horizontally.
 Parallel to the equator and to each other.
 Form circles that are smaller at the poles.
 Do not meet.
 Lines of Latitude locate places North or South of the Equator.
Longitude
 Longitude is measured in degrees (˚).
 The Prime Meridian is found in Greenwich, England.
 The Prime Meridian is 0 degrees Longitude.
 There are 180 degrees of east Longitude, and 180 degrees of west Longitude.

Lines of Longitude (meridians of longitude)

 Run vertically.
 Not parallel to each other.
 Do not form circles.
 Meet et the poles (or extend from pole to pole).
 Have the same length.
The creation of the concept of latitude and longitude resulted in the creation of the
concept of Earth’s hemispheres. These are:

1. Northern Hemsiphere — that half of the Earth which is north of the Equator.

2. Southern Hemisphere — that half of the Earth which is south of the Equator.

3. Western Hemisphere — that half of the Earth which is west of the 0° line of
longitude (Greenwich Meridian).

4. Eastern Hemisphere — that half of the Earth which is east of the 0° line of
longitude (Greenwich Meridian).
 We can divide the Earth into quadrants:

1. NW where all latitudes are NORTH, and all longitudes are WEST.

2. NE where all latitudes are NORTH, and all longitudes are EAST.

3. SE where all latitudes are SOUTH, and all longitudes are EAST.

4. SW where all latitudes are SOUTH, and all longitudes are WEST.

LOCATING PLACES USING THE LINES OF LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

***Lines of latitude and longitude form an imaginary global grid system. If the latitude and
longitude coordinates of a location are known, it can be pinpointed on a map or globe. This
system is essential for ships at sea that cannot locate their positions using landmarks or coastal
navigational aids such as buoys or channel markers.
***It is customary to give the latitude of a place first, and the longitude second. For example,
you would say "35 degrees north, 77 degrees west". This eliminates the need to say the words
latitude and longitude. Make sure that you give a direction with the number. If you simply say,
"66 degrees latitude", there are two of them - one in the north and one in the south.
 To find a latitude line such as 60 degrees north latitude, you must do three things:
1. Go to your starting line (the Equator).
2. Determine which direction you must go (north or south).
3. Determine the distance in degrees you must go (60).

To find a longitude line such as 40 degrees east longitude, you must do three things:
1. Go to your starting line (the Prime Meridian).
2. Determine which direction you must go (east or west).
3. Determine the distance in degrees you must go (40).

If you find the intersection of these two lines (latitude and longitude), you have found the
exact (absolute) location of a particular place on the earth's surface.

Example of locating places using the lines of latitude and longitude:

Each box on this map is 15°. With that in mind how can we identify specific locations (red dots)?

Latitude & Climate

Climate is weather over a long period of time. Climate is what the weather is normally
like in any place.
The Equator, the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and the Arctic and Antarctic
circles are the lines we use to divide the world into climate zones.
Equator divides the earth into the northern and southern hemisphere.
Tropic of Cancer approximately 23.5degree NORTH latitude.
Tropic of Capricorn approximately 23.5degree SOUTH latitude.
Arctic Circle approximately 66.5 degree NORTH latitude.
Antarctic Circle approximately 66.5 degree SOUTH latitude.
THE CLIMATE ZONES
❖ Tropic Zone
- Region of the earth surrounding the equator.
- Limited in latitude by the tropic of cancer in the northern hemisphere and the
tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere.
- Many tropical areas have dry and wet season.
❖ Temperate Zone
- Lie between the tropics and polar regions.
- The north temperate extends from the tropic of cancer to the arctic circle.
- The south temperate zone extends from the tropic of Capricorn to the
Antarctic circle
- Temperature in these regions is generally, relatively moderate, rather than
extremely hot or cold and the changes between summer and winter are
usually moderate.
- Have temperature that change during the season.
❖ Polar Region
- The areas within the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle
- It is cold all year round and even during the summer months, it does not feel
like summer at all.
- The large amount of ice and snow reflects a large part of what little sunlight
the polar regions receive to the cold.

***The closer the latitude is to the equator, the warmer the climate.
***The closer it is to the poles, the colder.

V. Activities
Activity No. 1: MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Direction: Read the following statements and write the word TRUE if the statements are
correct and if not, underline the word/statement that makes the sentence
incorrect and write the correct answer on the space provided. Write your
answer on your answer sheet.

_______________1. Geographical coordinates give us the exact location of a place.

_______________2. The Equator divides the Earth into two hemispheres: East and West.
_______________3. You can’t see parallels or meridians.
_______________4. There are 360 parallels.
_______________5. The latitude of the Equator is 90.
 Activity No. 2: LOCATING PLACES

Direction: Use the map below to answer the following questions. Write a letter on each
blank. Then use the numbers below the blanks to solve the riddle. Write your
answer on your answer sheet.

Activity No. 4: MATCHING TYPE

Direction: Write the letter of your answer before the number. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.

A. B.
_____1. Pacific Ring of Fire a. between T. Capricorn and Antarctic Circle
_____2. Tropic Zone b. 23.5⁰ S Latitude
_____3. Southern Temperate Zone c. 0⁰Longitudde
_____4. Northern Temperate Zone d. horseshoe ring of active volcanoes
_____5. Prime Meridian e. 66.5 ⁰ N Latitude
_____6. Equator f. Zone that surrounds the equator
_____7. Tropic of Capricorn g. 0⁰ Latitude
_____8. Tropic of Cancer h. between T. Cancer and Arctic Circle
_____9. Arctic Circle i. 23.5⁰ N Latitude
_____10. Antarctic Circle j. 66.5⁰ S Latitude
VI. Assessment

Direction: Choose the correct answer. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. What is a model of the earth that is round like a ball?

a. Map b. Book c. Globe d. Compass Map
2. An imaginary line around the middle of the earth.
a. Equator b. Latitude c. Longitude d. Prime Meridian
3. When measuring the lines of latitude, always begin with the ______ which represents 0 degrees.
a. Equator b. Longitude c. North Pole d. Prime Meridian
4. Imaginary vertical lines that measure east and west of the prime meridian.
a. equator b. latitude c. longitude d. international dateline
5. Major region of earth found between arctic circle and tropic of cancer.
a. polar regions c. southern temperate zone
b. northern temperate zone d. tropics
6. Areas within the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle
a. polar regions c. southern temperate zone
b. northern temperate zone d. tropic
7. Major region of earth found between tropic of cancer and Capricorn
a polar regions c. southern temperate zone
b. northern temperate zone d. tropic
8. The Poles are at _________ North and South respectively.
a. 180o b. 360o c. 90o d. 45o
9. Parallels are imaginary lines perpendicular to the _________
a. Prime Meridian b. Equator c. Arctic Circle d. Polar regions
10. Meridians are imaginary line which join the _________
a. Parallels b. Poles c. Tropics e. Temperates

VII. Reflection

Direction: Complete the following grid with the missing information. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.

References
https://www.icsm.gov.au/education/fundamentals-mapping/earths-coordinate-system
https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/physical/world-ocean/locating-points-globe
https://www.stcharles.k12.la.us/cms/lib/LA01906411/Centricity/Domain/1067/Lines%20of%20LL%20Notes.pdf
https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/Earths_Grid_System.pdf
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/educacion/descargasrecursos/plc/html/secundaria/locating_places.pdf