Rivera, Rex Civil Law Review

Practice Sheet
Persons and Family Relations
Juridical Capacity [Art. 37]
Fitness to ____________________ of ____________________, is __________ in every
_____________ and is lost ____________________.
*Also synonymous to __________ or ____________________.

Capacity to Act [Art. 37]

__________ to do ______________________________, is __________ and may be
__________.
*Capacity is ____________, unless ____________________.

Restrictions or Limitations on Capacity to Act – The following circumstances, among

others, ____________ or ____________ capacity to act:
a. ___________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________
d. ___________________________________________________________________
e. ___________________________________________________________________
f. ___________________________________________________________________
g. ___________________________________________________________________
• _____________________________________________________________
• _____________________________________________________________
• _____________________________________________________________
h. ___________________________________________________________________
i. ___________________________________________________________________
j. ___________________________________________________________________
k. ___________________________________________________________________

Capacity to Act is not limited on account of

a. ______________________
b. ______________________
c. ______________________

Natural Persons
Art. 40 - ___________ determines personality. But the ______________ shall be considered
________ for all ______________________, ______________________ later with the
_________________________________. → “______________________”
*See rules regarding an aborted fetus.
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Family Code of the Philippines
Effectivity: _________________________________
Definition of Marriage [FC 1]
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Presumption of Marriage [ROC 131.3(aa)]

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Essential Requisites of Marriage [FC 2] L.C.

1. __________________________________________________________________________
a. ____________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________

Formal Requisites of Marriage [FC 3] A.L.C.

1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[Form Required] _____________________________________________________________
[As to absence of witnesses]
__________________________________________________________________________

Persons who may Solemnize Marriage [FC 7] P.I.C.C. - C.M. / Crystal maiden graduated in
PICC
1. [PRIM (and proper)]
____________________________________________________________________
a. ____________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________
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2. ___________________________________________________________________________
i. [Jurisdiction]
_______________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
a. [Type of marriage?]
______________________________________________________________
b. [Who are the parties?]
____________________________________________________________________
c. [When does he have authority?]
____________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
a. [Type of marriage?]
____________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________________________
f. ____________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________________
a. [Marriage between?]
____________________________________________________________
b. [Authority to solemnize where?]
____________________________________________________________________
c. [Other duties?]
____________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________________
a. Included are? ________________________________________________________

Status when Solemnizing Officer has no authority - __________________________________

Exception - ___________________________________________________________________

MARRIAGE LICENSE
Issued by
Compliance prior

Location of Validity
Period of Validity
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Effect of Expiration of
Period
Formality

EXCEPTIONS – NO LICENSE REQUIRED - M.A.R.C.O.

1. [FC 33]
2. [FC 27]
3. [FC 28]
4. [FC 34]
a. [Duration]
b. [Capacity]
c. [Absence]
d. [Document]
e. [Duty of SO]
5. [FC 26, par 1]

VOID MARRIAGES (Art. 35)

Considered to have never taken place. Can’t be the source of rights. Can’t be ratified.
Prescription of
Action [FC 39]

Remarriage [FC 40]

Bigamy

Kinds of Void Marriages

1. FC 35 – B.B.L.A.P.I.S.
a.
b.
• E:
c.
• E:
d.
e.
f.
2. [FC 36]
• J.I.G. -
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3. [FC 37]
a.
b.
4. [FC 38]
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
VOID SUBSEQUENT MARRIAGES
1. [FC 40]
2. [FC 41]
3. [FC 44]
4. [FC 53]

DECLARATION OF PRESUMPTIVE DEATH

GR: A marriage contracted by any person during the subsistence of a previous valid marriage
shall be null and void.
E:

Requisites - S.A.B.
(p. 25, 2018 Beda)

E to E [FC 44]
EFFECT OF REAPPEARANCE OF ABSENT SPOUSE
GR:

E [FC 42]:
S.R.I.D.

VOIDABLE MARRIAGES [Art. 45] – A.U.F.F.I.S.

Type Ratified How and By Whom Annulled by
a. a1.
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a2.

b. b1.

b2.
b3.
c.
[N.P.S.D.]
Enumeration Exclusive
N P
S D

d.

e.

Requisites for Annulment based on this cause – C.U.P.I.N.

Doctrine of Triennial Cohabitation

f.
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LEGAL SEPARATION [FC 55]
Exclusive and Restrictive Grounds – P.A.A. - I.D. – L.A.M.B.S.
1.

2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

* Mere preponderance of evidence is required to sustain a Legal Separation case, except ground #4.

Grounds for Denial of Petition [FC 56] – C4 – M.P. – D.R.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Form of 8:

Cooling – off Period

Ratio for cool-off
Effects of Filing Petition for Legal Separation
1. [As to a certain marital obligation]
2. [As to property]
3. [As to intercourse]
* as to wife’s maiden name:
4. [Court’s Action. FC 59]
5. [Prohibited evidence? FC 60]

Custody of Children
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DECREE OF LEGAL SEPARATION [FC 63]
1.
2. [As to prop relations]
3.
• FC 213:
4. [As to succession]
Intestate:
Testate:
5. As to donations
Record revocation where?
Prescription of action to revoke?
6. As to insurance
• If irrevocable beneficiary:
• Effectivity of revocation in insurance:

EFFECT OF RECONCILIATION OF SPOUSES IN LEGAL SEPARATION

Form [FC 65]
As to proceedings
As to decree, if ever
As to separation of property
REVIVAL OF PROPERTY REGIME [FC 67]
Form
Where filed
1.
Contents 2.
3.

Rights and Obligations Between the Husband and Wife

TO BE CONTINUED

PROPERTY RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES

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1.
2.
Governed by
3.
4.
Commencement
When ACP by
default
Void when
Governing Law1.
as to their 2.
property Rule does not 1.
relations apply when 2.
MARRIAGE SETTLEMENTS
Requisites 1.
BeW-SiP-FiNA 2.
p. 43, 2018 3.
Beda 4.
5.
6.
7.
Modifications

DONATIONS PROPTER NUPTIAS

Governing Law GR:
[FC 83] E:
ACP:
Limitations
Other than ACP:
[FC 84]

1.
Requisites
2.
C.O.B.
3.
Future Property
Validity:
Encumbered
Rules on Foreclosure:
Property
[FC 85]

Revocation 1.
Vo.L.C.A.R.I. 2.
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[FC 86] 3.
4.
5.
6.
GR:
Donations
during marriage
[FC 87] E:
*As to common law relationships:

SYSTEMS OF PROPERTY REGIME

ABSOLUTE COMMUNITY OF PROPERTY
Commencement
[FC 88] Status of contrary stipulation
Supplementary
Law [FC 90]
WHAT CONSTITUTES COMMUNITY PROPERTY
[FC 91]

Presumption
[FC 93]
Alien Married to a
Filipino Spouse
Games of Chance Winnings
*also applies to CPG Losses
EXCLUDED FROM COMMUNITY PROPERTY – B.E.G.O.
1.
2.
• E:
3.
• E:
4.
Conversion
[p. 155 Perez]
CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP OF GAINS [FC 106]
Spouses are not co-owners of the conjugal assets. Each of them has a mere expectancy or an inchoate right to the CPG
property, which does not vest or ripen into title until the dissolution of the CPG and there are assets left after its liquidation
and settlement.
Husband and wife place in a common fund the:
a. PPIF
b.
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c.
Upon dissolution of the marriage or partnership:

Commencement
Contrary stipulation

Waiver
E:
Supplementary
Law [FC 108]
WHAT CONSTITUTES THE CONJUGAL PROPERTY – L2.C2.F.O.N.T.I.
1.
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Succession
Definition of Succession [Art. 774]
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Definition of Inheritance [Art. 776]

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Definition of Heir [Art. 782]

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Definition of a Will [Art. 783]

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Testamentary Succession - Legitimes

Compulsory Heirs
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
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Amount of Legitimes (Perez p.87) – Purposely redundant list for practice

A. Legitimate Children

1. Legitimate Children Alone

2. Legitimate Children,
Legitimate Parents
3. Legitimate Children,
Surviving Spouse
4. ONE Legitimate Child,
Surviving Spouse
5. Legitimate Children,
Illegitimate Children
6. ONE Legitimate Child,
Illegitimate Children,
Surviving Spouse
7. Legitimate Children,
Illegitimate Children, and
Surviving Spouse

B. Legitimate Parents

1. Legitimate Parents Alone

2. Legitimate Children,
Legitimate Parents
3. Legitimate Parents,
Illegitimate Children
4. Legitimate Parents and
Surviving Spouse
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5. Legitimate Parents,
Illegitimate Children, and
Surviving Spouse

C. Surviving Spouse
1. Surviving Spouse Alone GR:
E:

2. Surviving Spouse and

Legitimate Children

3. Surviving Spouse and

ONE Legitimate Child
4. Surviving Spouse and
Legitimate Parents
5. Surviving Spouse,
Legitimate Parents, and
Illegitimate Children

6. Surviving Spouse and

Illegitimate Parents
7. Surviving Spouse and
Illegitimate Children
8. Surviving Spouse,
ONE Legitimate Child, and
Illegitimate Children

D. Illegitimate Children

1. Illegitimate Children Alone

2. Illegitimate Children and
Legitimate Children
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3. Illegitimate Children and
Surviving Spouse
4. Illegitimate Children,
Legitimate Parents
5. Illegitimate Children,
ONE Legitimate Child, and
Surviving Spouse
6. Illegitimate Children,
Legitimate Children,
Surviving Spouse

7. Illegitimate Children,
Surviving Spouse, and
Legitimate Parents

E. Illegitimate Parents

1. Illegitimate Parents Alone

2. Illegitimate Parents and
Surviving Spouse
3. Illegitimate Parents and
Children of Any Class

Disinheritance

Definition:
Requisites: 1. L–
LV-CUTS-RED 2. V–
p. 606 Beda 2018 3. C–
4. U–
5. T–
6. S–
7. R–
8. E–
9. D–
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Intestate Succession (p. 149, Perez)

1. Legitimate Children alone

2. Legitimate Children and
Illegitimate Children
3. Legitimate Children and
Surviving Spouse
4. Legitimate Children,
Surviving Spouse, and
Illegitimate Children
5. Legitimate Parents alone
6. Legitimate Ascendants
7. Legitimate Parents
Illegitimate Children
8. Legitimate Parents and
Surviving Spouse
9. Legitimate Parents,
Surviving Spouse, and
Illegitimate Children

10. Illegitimate Children alone

11. Illegitimate Children and
Surviving Spouse
12. Surviving Spouse alone
13. Surviving Spouse
Illegitimate Parents
14. Surviving Spouse,
Legitimate Brothers, Sisters,
Nephews, and Nieces
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15. Surviving Spouse
Illegitimate Brothers,
Sisters, Nephews, Nieces

16. Illegitimate Parents alone

17. Legitimate brothers and
sisters alone
18. Legitimate brothers and
sisters, nephews and nieces
19. Nephews, Nieces, with
Uncles and Aunts (of the
decedent)

20. Illegitimate brothers and

sisters alone
21. Illegitimate brothers and
sisters, nephews, and nieces
22. Nephew and nieces alone
23. Other collaterals

24. The State

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Property
Definition of Property [Art. 414]
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Types of Immovables [Art. 415, 10 types)]

By Nature
1.
2.

By Incorporation
1.
2.
3.
4.

By Destination
1.
2.
3.

Immovables by Analogy
1.
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Types of Movables
[Art. 416, 4 items, Art. 417, 2 items]
Article 416
1.
2.
3.
4.

Article 417
1.
2.

Rights of an Owner [Art. 428]

1. ______________________________
a. ____________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________
a. ____________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________
a. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Accession by Incorporation (Accession Continua) with respect to Immovable

Property
Landowner – Builder – Owner of Materials

LANDOWNER perspective; Builds with materials of ANOTHER (p. 32, Perez)

Landowner in GOOD FAITH [Art. 447] Landowner in BAD FAITH [Art. 447]
Landowner: Landowner:
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1. 1.
2.
When landowner in BAD FAITH [Art. 453]

Owner of Materials [Art. 447] Owner of Materials [Art. 447]

1. 1.
2. 2.

BUILDER perspective; Builds on land of ANOTHER (p. 33 Perez)

Both landowner and builder in GOOD FAITH [Art. 546 and 548]
Option 1:
Landowner Possessor in GOOD FAITH [Art. 548]
1.

Indemnity Paid
1.
2.
3.
Option 2 [Art. 448]
Landowner; Qualifications [Art. 448] Builder / Planter
1. As to builder/planter As to Landowners choice:

2. As to sower

Landowner is in GOOD FAITH; Builder is in BAD FAITH

Landowner
Option 1 [Art. 449]

Option 2 [Art. 450]

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Option 3
Against builder/planter:
Against sower:

In any of the three options [Art. 451]:

BOTH Landowner and Builder are in BAD FAITH

Rule [Art. 453]

When is there bad faith on the part of LANDOWNER? 2 keywords

-

Landowner is in BAD FAITH, Builder is in GOOD FAITH

Rights of BUILDER [Art. 454, in rel to Art. 447]
1.
2.

WORST CASE HAHHA DAKILANG GARAPAL

BUILDER builds on land of ANOTHER, with materials of YET ANOTHER
Owner of materials, plants, or seeds in GOOD FAITH
Builder [Art. 455]
1.
2.
BUT:
1.
2.

Owner of materials, plants, or seeds in BAD FAITH

-

Accession by Incorporation (Accession Continua), Caused by Action of Waters

MEEH CONTINUE THIS SOON
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Co-Ownership [Art. 484]

Definition of Co-Ownership: ____________________________________________________

Share of Co-Owners [Art. 485]

GR: ___________________________________________________
E: ____________________________________________________

Presumption: __________________________________________
E: ____________________________________________________

Use of the thing [Art. 486]

a. ____________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________

Ejectment [Art. 487]: __________________________________________________________

Rule on Redemption by a Co-Owner; Property foreclosed or sold a retro:

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

If purchased after redemption period has expired:

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Rule in the case of LEGAL REDEMPTION under Article 1620:

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

EXPENSES OF THE CO-OWNERSHIP

GR:
1.
2.

Renunciation [Art. 487]

Repairs for PRESERVATION [Art. 489]
Useful Expenses / Improvements [Art. 489]
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Rules on Maintenance of Co-Owned Multi-Storey Houses [Art. 490, pp. 58-59 Perez]

1.
2.
3.
4.

DISPOSITION [Art. 493]

GR:
[M.A.S.A.]
E:
EFFECT OF ALIENATION/MORTGAGE ON CO-OWNERS
Limitation:

Remedy:

PARTITION [Art. 494]

GR; When it can be exercised:

Purpose of Partition [Art. 1079]; S-D-A

Form [Art. 1082]:

LIMITATIONS [Art. 494]

a. Indivisibility:
b. Donor/Testator’s Prohibition:
c. Law:

PRESCRIPTION [Art. 494]

Art. 494 ___________ shall run in favor of a ________ or _________ against his _______
or ________ so long as he _______ or ________ recognizes the co-ownership.

MODES OF PARTITION [Art. 496]

1.
2.

RULE 69 OF THE RULES OF COURT

First Stage:
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a.
b.
c.
Second Stage:
a.
b.
MANNER OF PARTITION [Art. 498]
If divisible:
If indivisible or if physical division of the thing would render it unserviceable:
a.
b.

RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES [Art. 499]

a.

b.
c. As to creditors or assignees:

E:

INCIDENTS OF PARTITION [Art. 500-501], M.D.L.

a.
b.
c.

POSSESSION
POSSESSION
Definition [Art. 523]

Object of Possession [Art. 530]

Only ________ and ________ which are _________________________________________
may be the object of possession.
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO AGENCY [Art. 524]
1.
2.
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CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO CLAIM OF OWNERSHIP [Art. 525]
1.

2.

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO CHARACTER

1. Possession in Good Faith [Art. 526]
Spouses Chua v. Soriano:

Art. 526 – Mistake upon a __________ or ______________________________

may be the basis of good faith.

Art. 527 – Good faith is _________________, and upon ____________________________

on the part of a __________ rests ______________________________.

Art. 528 – Possession acquired in good faith ______________________________ EXCEPT

__________ and from the moment ____________________ which show that the
possessor is ____________________ that ________________________________________.

Art. 529 – It is __________ that ______________________________ in the _____________

____________ in which ____________________, until the contrary is proved.

PRESCRIPTION [Art. 494]

Art. 494 ___________ shall run in favor of a ________ or _________ against his _______
or ________ so long as he _______ or ________ recognizes the co-ownership.

MODES OF PARTITION [Art. 496]

1.
2.
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RULE 69 OF THE RULES OF COURT
First Stage:
a.
b.
c.
Second Stage:
a.
b.
MANNER OF PARTITION [Art. 498]
If divisible:
If indivisible or if physical division of the thing would render it unserviceable:
a.
b.

RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES [Art. 499]

a.

b.
c. As to creditors or assignees:

E:

INCIDENTS OF PARTITION [Art. 500-501], M.D.L.

a.
b.
c.

Usufruct
Definition of Usufruct [Art. 562]
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Object of Usufruct:
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________

How Constituted / Classification as to Origin [Art. 563]

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1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________

Formulae (p. 137 Beda)

1. Full Ownership: _________________________________________________________
2. Naked Ownership: ______________________________________________________
3. Usufruct: _______________________________________________________________

Characteristics (TRECT, Beda Reviewer)

1. T - ______________________________
2. R - ______________________________
3. E - ______________________________
4. C - ______________________________
5. T - ______________________________