SEXSUAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN

Reisya Ismi Ainulloh

SMAN 1 BANJARAN

ABSTRACT

Child sexual abuse is behavior that leads to of a sexual nature to children, unwanted by children , and
negative in children. Cases of child sexual abuse are increasing every year so it is necessary to do
prevention through sex psychoeducation in preschool children.The purpose of this study was to determine
the effect of sex psychoeducation in increase knowledge of sexual abuse in preschool children . The
research using quantitative research methods with one group pretest posttest design .The subjects used in
the study were kindergarten or preschool students as much as 10 male students and 10 female students
were selected purposively. This research analyzed using the Wilcoxon sing-ranked test was used to
measure the effect of sex psychoeducation to increase knowledge about child sexual abuse preschool
before and after the intervention. The z value is -3,926 with p=0.000 (p<0.01) this shows knowledge
about child sexual abuse after the intervention increased.

Keywords: Knowledge of child sexual abuse,children's rights,children's basic needs, The Phenomenon of
Sexual Harassment as a Negative Impact of the Digital Age.

INTRODUCTION

Children should get their rights and one of them is getting protectionfrom various parties , if the child is
already in the school environment, it means that the child must get protection from the school . If the child
is already in the family environment, the roles and functions of the family must run properly. In addition ,
there is also a law that regulates the rights of children, namely, the Republic of Indonesia Law no. 23 of
2002 concerning child protection article 1 (2) states that "Child protection is all activities to guarantee and
protect children"and their rights in order to live, grow, develop, and participate optimally , in accordance
with human dignity and respect, and receive protection from violence and discrimination" . Seeing the law
on child protection, every child should get the same rights.In line with the increasing urgency of child
protection in Indonesia, the government1Indonesia has expressed its commitment to the AWorld Fit for
Children (WFC) declaration in 27 th United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Children in
2001.It is hoped the government can handle cases related to children better.Thus, Indonesia is expected to
develop a national program for children. There is The 4 main areas that receive special attention in the
WFC declaration are the promotion of life healthy (promoting healthy lives) , providing quality education
(providing quality)(education), protection against abuse , exploitation and violence(protecting against
abuse, exploitation and violence) and overcoming HIV/AIDS (IraParamnastri in the Psychology Journal of
Early Prevention Toward Sexual Abuse on Children,2010).But in reality there are still many children who
do not get their rightsevidenced by the existence of cases of child sexual abuse that occurred in Jakarta
International School (JIS). If we look at the case, we think where at that time the party should be protecting
children. This is very worrying, especially the victims are children . From In this case , it can be seen that
the child has not yet received the right to receive legal protection maximum . And if you look at the
background of the school, JIS is one of the high-class schools international community and many
communities or parents who trust their children to be entrusted or attend the school for various reasons ,
one of which may be security guaranteed. But in reality their children are victims of sexual abuse ,and what
makes it even more sad is that this was done by those who were in the school.

DISCUSSION

Sexual violence is a form of physical violence which is a criminal act . Actors sexual violence committed to
satisfy their desires by force. Acts of sexual violence not only in the form of forced sexual intercourse , but
other activities such as fingering,even if you just stare, this is according to what Orange and Brodwin said
in the Journal Psychology of Early Prevention Toward Sexual Abuse on Children which explains that
violence Child sexual abuse is coercion, threat or deception of a child in activities sexual . These sexual
activities include seeing, touching, penetration (pressure) , sexual abuse and sexual activity rape . The
impact of sexual violence on children can be physical, psychological, or social impact . The physical
impact can be in the form of a wound or tear on the hymen. Psychological impact includes mental trauma ,
fear, shame, anxiety and even suicidal ideation or attempts. Impact For example , the cynical treatment of
the people around him, the fear of being involved in the association etc.
 Sexual violence against children gets the attention of many people because Sexual violence against
children is the highest level of violence compared to physical and psychological violence . Reinforced by
data from the National Commission for Child Protection which states that sexual violence against children
is the highest level of violence compared to physical and psychological violence . Violence against children
in Indonesia has reached by September 2006 there had been 861 cases, 60% of which were cases of
sexual violence in children. Indonesia is highlighted as a country that has very weak protection against
child.

Sexual violence against children does not see the victim as a boy or a child women. This is reinforced by
the data contained in the 2010 Gail Hornor Journal that children women and men may become victims of
sexual violence. Girl and male victims of sexual violence experience a number of the same problems ,
among others prolonged physical and psychological trauma, loss of enthusiasm for life , hatred of the
opposite sex and have a desire for revenge (Dube et al., 2005 in Gail Hornor, Child Sexual Abuse:
Consequences and Implications, 2010).

We often hear cases involving children, including abuse sexual abuse of children. There is a lot of news
on tv shocked by cases of sexual abuse in children who happened in one of the international standard
schools in Jakarta, namely Jakarta International School (JIS). With this incident , parents are worried about
the whereabouts of their children attended the Jakarta International School (JIS) . With this incident ,
parents should be more pay attention to their children. In addition, the school has further increased security
for children interests of their students.This sexual harassment case with the victim of a JIS student shocked
Indonesia closely following the development of this case through the media. The case itself is very
complicated which constantly changing in the last few months. It all started in March when a case of
sexual harassment of a student surfaced at JIS. A student in a kindergarten is believed have been raped
abuzz by several cleaners.Then in June a second case emerged when a student's parents claimed that their
child they are victims of sexual harassment. It is this second case that ensnares Neil and Ferdi (the
perpetrators)sexual harassment), two JIS teachers. This

case is for the first time dragging a teacher or teaching staff at that school . Not long after , the victim's
mother from the first case also stated that Neil and ferdi sexually abused his son . From there , the case
developed.
Signs of sexual harassment

Patricia A Moran in the book Slayer of the Soul, 1991, says, according to research, victims Sexual abuse
includes boys and girls from infancy to 18 years of age.Most of the perpetrators are people they know and
trust. Symptoms of a child who experienced sexual harassment is not always clear . There are children who
keep abuse secrets sexual experience she experiences by being sweet and submissive , trying not to be the
center attention. Although sexual abuse of children does not provide absolute evidence , but if the
following signs appear in children and are seen continuously over a long period of time ,it is necessary to
immediately consider the possibility that the child has been sexually abused.These signs and indications
are taken by Jeanne Wess from the same book: toddlers physical signs, among othersbruising of the
genitals or mouth, urinary irritation, venereal disease, and sore throat without obvious cause could be an
indication of oral sex.

Signs of emotional and social behavior, including being very afraid of anyone or anything certain places or
people, sudden changes in behavior, sleep disturbances (difficult)sleep , nightmares , etc .) , withdrawal or
depression, and stunted development. Child age Preschool symptoms are the same plus the following
signs:

•Physical signs: including regressive behavior, such as thumb sucking, hyperactivity, somatic complaints
such as persistent headache, stomach ache, constipation.Signs of emotional and •social behavior : sudden
changes in behavior, child complains sick from sexual harassment .

The effects of sexual abuse on children include:

•Physical impact: Bruises and cuts or infections in certain parts Emotional impact: Feeling threatened ,
depressed, restless and anxious.

Parents are expected to:

• Consultation in psychology to practice managing emotions, and studying development

child.Take the child to the doctor for a physical examination.

•Understand child development. At the age of 5 to 8 years, children are in the want stage
show ability, they want to be creative. Not all children's actions aredelinquency , they do not know that
their behavior is wrong or inappropriate.

Help for children:

•Psychological examination by a psychologist to find out the emotional disturbance he is experiencing and
receive appropriate therapy.

•Rebuild children's self-confidence. Accept what they do without forgot to tell what action should be
taken.

• If the parent is not a violent offender, reassure the child that he or she is deeply loved .

Children should get care and protection, because children also have rights that must be respected . Sexual
harassment is a form of work that cannot be tolerated and constitutes a violation of human rights human
beings, because after all children also have rights that must be respected and must be protected . As for the
factors that cause sexual harassment from the point of view of criminology , namely , due to family
environmental factors, poor family economic factors,social environmental factors and technological
factors. All of these factors cause children more easily become victims of sexual exploitation by family ,
friends,or by an irresponsible person who uses the child to get what he wants.

The Phenomenon of Sexual Harassment as a Negative Impact of the Digital Age

The impact of the digital era promises various benefits and conveniences for everyone people who know
how to use it. Among the positive impacts is a lot of work which can be done by saving the use of time,
funds, and energy. For example,if in the past everyone had to wait a few days or weeks to gave the news to
his family who were in a different place, but now

seconds can be overcome by using telephone, sms, email and social media other . In the past , we

had to spend quite a lot of money to buy newspapers.magazines, and books to increase knowledge . But
now available magazines, newspapers or online books. In the past, we had to set aside a special time to be
able to enjoy entertainment like movies, games and more, but now anywhere and whenever we can enjoy it
through our smart phone facilities. The cost spent to get a smartphone even then right now is not too high,
so everyone from all walks of life can afford it (Hanika, 2015).
 Behind the positive impacts that occur, there are also wide open negative impacts that occur caused
by various communication media in the digital era. Among the negative impacts that always waiting for
the general public is the rise of online fraud cases,sexual violence, kidnapping and murder (Chusna ,
2017).

According to Hufad (2000) cases of sexual violence in Indonesia against children under The age group
continues to emerge and more and more are exposed to the media. The rise cases of sexual violence ,
forcing the government to say that our country is Indonesia are experiencing a “sexual violence against
children emergency”. Among the various cases thatcan be categorized as sexual harassment , namely all
sexual acts against children,including showing genitals to children, showing pornographic images or
videos,using children for pornographic things, holding genitals, ordering children holding an adult's
genitals, mouth-to-genital contact or vaginal penetration or the child's anus , either by coaxing or coercing .
Sexual harassment can

happen to anyone, be it a boy or a girl.

From the results of the search for various cases of sexual harassment that befell Mr children that occur
today, perpetrators of sexual violence are people from immediate environment , such as teachers ,
playmates, and even the closest family. It is no longer

about who should be responsible, but the whole society should protect children from possible sexual
crimes (Ernis & Riantiza, 2016). Parent As the main person in charge of children's lives , they should
increase supervision to children and always be careful of everyone in the environment where child is .

CONCLUSION

There are still many cases involving children in Indonesia and one of them is the case of sexual
harassment. This is caused by many factors, including environmental factors , technology , and lack of
supervision from various parties. Children who are sexually abused will experiencing psychological or
physical disturbances.

We can also conclude that:

1) The development of science and technology in the digital era in addition to bringing positive impacts in
life but also has a negative impact, one of which is increasing cases of sexual abuse that afflict young
children.

2) Impact arising from cases of sexual abuse in early childhood not only physically, but also psychological
trauma throughout his life.

3) Proper supervision from parents can prevent our children from being victims of criminal acts ,
especially sexual abuse.

The role of parents is very influential and is needed to keep children safe In addition , if the child has
become a victim, parents and family must always accompany and provide support to children so that
children feel loved, valuable and can restore his confidence back . If the child has started to enter a new
environment that is school, the school must provide good protection, comfort, and security so that there are
no sexual crimes like what happened at the Jakarta international school (JIS) .

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