Suranto - 2021 - Study On The Economic Feasibility of An UWS - All

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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Study on the Economic Feasibility of an Underwater-Sill (UWS)

Development for Sediment Countermeasure at Patimban Port’s
Navigation Channel
To cite this article: Suranto et al 2021 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 832 012048
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3rd International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 832 (2021) 012048 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/832/1/012048
Study on the Economic Feasibility of an Underwater-Sill

(UWS) Development for Sediment Countermeasure at
Patimban Port’s Navigation Channel
Suranto1*, D C Istiyanto1, A Subarkah1, A B Widagdo1, C Murtiaji2, A

Hamid2, S A Aziz 2 and E Cholishoh2
1
Centre of Technology for Maritime Industrial Engineering, BPPT, Indonesia
2
Port Infrastructures and Coastal Dynamic Technology Laboratory, BPPT, Indonesia
Corresponding author: suranto2989@bppt.go.id
Abstract. A new international seaport is under construction at Patimban area of Subang

Regency, West Java, Indonesia. This Port’s navigation channel runs from the position
of –6m LWS to –17m LWS of the existing depth with total length of 3,762 m. The
original design considers that the existing sedimentation rate is low along the channel.
The Cipunagara River which shows continuous delta expansion of about 1.00m to
1.25m toward navigation channel. In reference to the successful application of
Underwater-sill (UWS) structure in controlling the siltation rate into the navigation
channel of Kumamoto Port in Japan and Tuban Port in East Java Indonesia, the possible
application this type of structure was carried out. The calculation has resulted that
installation of UWS with height of 1.0 m, 1.5m, 2.0 m, and 4.0 m respectively decrease
the sedimentation rate to be 0.09 m per year, 0.06 m per year, 0.022 m per year and
0.022 m per year. The present economic feasibility study concluded that 2m height
UWS which is designed for minimum service life of 30 years with development interest
rate at 10 percent per year and an annual inflation rate at 10% gives the most economic
investment.
1. Introduction
Patimban Port was built in Patimban area, Subang Regency with a long cruise line from a depth of minus
6 m to minus 17 m with a length of 3,762 m. For the pool area is planned to be protected with a
breakwater that is not overtopping, so that the anchor pool area is spared from sedimentation. On a long
cruise line with no protection, it is an area prone to sedimentation. Therefore, sediment control buildings
are necessary. The sediment control building was planned in the form of underwater sill (UWS)
buildings as once made in Kumamoto Japan and Tuban Port of East Java.
The construction of UWS in Kumamoto, based on research conducted, can be estimated that UWS
with a height of 1.0 m can prevent superficiality in Kumamoto Port - Japan about 30% of the total
sedimentation produced without UWS. Based on the measurement of the sediment deposition field in
Tuban Port in 2002, where UWS building was built in 2000, shows that UWS Building in Tuban is
effective enough to withstand sediment rate between 60 to 83 percent.
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1.1 Research on UWS

Research related to the utilization of UWS for the protection of anchor pools from the superficiality has
been done by several researchers among others (research conducted in Japan): [1-3]. Based on Tsuruya
has conducted research using a mathematical model (Finite Difference Method), with the main study
being calculating transport sediments that can be withheld by UWS [1]. From the results of his research,
it can be estimated that UWS with a height of 1.0 m can prevent superficiality in Kumamoto Port - Japan
about 30% of the total sedimentation produced without UWS. Meanwhile, conducted field research by
observing and analyzing long-term bathymetry survey data to determine the effectiveness of UWS
installation [2]. From the observations made it can be concluded that UWS is indeed able to reduce the
sediment that enters the anchor pond. According to Hidayat, also researching with physical models,
brought the higher UWS the more effective in sedimentation control that goes into the anchor pond or
shipping groove [3]. In Indonesia, several studies related to UWS have been conducted, including by
Bhakty and Peppy 5 (see Figure 1). According to Bhakty research conducted UWS research in two ways,
namely by conducting physical model tests and mathematical model tests [4]. Physical model research
was conducted in wave pools, Hydraulic Laboratories, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University Wave Channel, Center for The Study of
Engineering, Gadjah Mada University. Research in wave pools to obtain a distribution of the flow speed
of the beach in the direction of the sea (perpendicular to the beach), while the research conducted in the
wave channel is aimed at knowing the distribution of vertical direction of the water speed at the location
affected by UWS. Research in this wave channel is primarily aimed at obtaining data that will be used
for calibration and verification of mathematical models to be developed for research purposes. From
both models, a method of calculation approach is made or an estimate of the rate of superficiality that
occurs in the anchor pool due to protection with underwater sill (UWS). complements the estimated
method of anchor pool superficiality developed by Peppy and Bhakty [4-5] by adding a beach slope
variable.
1.2 Construction of UWS In Semen Gresik Tuban Port

The construction of UWS at Gresik cement port in Tuban was carried out by PT Semen Gresik in 2000.
The UWS development was built to protect the anchor pond from sediment superficiality. UWS
structure is made of reinforced concrete material with a length of 6 m, width of 6 m, and height of 2 m
with a thickness of 20 to 30 cm. UWS structure is installed on the seabed with the previous place of
place in the foundation of bamboo stake with a depth of 6 m.
To find out the work of UWS installation in Tuban Port was done measuring bathymetry at
the location of shipping flow, rotary pool, and anchor pool/pond in March 2000, which was the initial
condition after UWS was built. After that successive measurements were taken in December 2000, May
2001 and May 2002. Based on the measurement results, sediment deposits are calculated and compared
to theoretical sediment counts. Sediment results as in Table 1. From the data after the count, the thickness
of sediment deposits in Tuban port as presented in Table 2.
Table 1. Sediment deposits at Tuban Port from March 2000 to May 2002
Sediment (m)
Location Theoretic March December May May
(per year) 2000 2000 2001 2002
Navigation
0.8 0.25 0.31 0.63 0.88
Channel
Turning Basin 1.5 0.69 0.82 0.95 1.2
Basin 1.5 1.33 1.45 1.5 1.9
2
Table 2. Sediment deposits at Tuban Port take 1 and 2 years

Sediment (m)
Location Theoretic March 2000 - May March 2000 - May 2002
(per year) 2001 (1 year) (2 years)
Navigation 0.8 0.63 – 0.25 = 0.38 0.88 – 0.25 = 0.63
Channel
Turning Basin 1.5 0.95 – 0.69 = 0.26 1.2 – 0.69 = 0.51
Basin 1.5 1.5 – 1.33 = 0.17 1.9 – 1.33 = 0.57
From the data seen that in the shipping flow there is a yearly deposition of 0.38 m and 2 years of
0.63 meters or an average annual 0.315 m. based on theoretical counts there will be a deposition of 0.8
m per year. It can be said that UWS Building can prevent sedimentation (100-0.315/0.8 × 100) percent
equal to 60.625 percent. In the year-end rotary pool of 0.26 m, after 2 years there is a deposition of 0.51
m or an average deposition of 0.255 per year. Based on the theoretical count of precipitation that occurs
in the rotary pool of 1.5 m per year. UWS buildings can prevent sedimentation in rotary pools by (100-
0.255/1.5 ×100) percent equal to 83 percent.
1.3 UWS building materials and shapes

The UWS building is shaped like an inverted T, made of reinforced concrete printed on land. The
building is placed on the seabed with a bamboo niche foundation. The building is generally in the water
and not visible except by diving. UWS image as in Figure 1.
Figure 1. UWS Image
2. Numerical study results

Based on Wibowo numerical studies, the table can be explained that with the higher UWS, the less
thickness of sedimentation that occurs [6]. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the height of UWS
which provides the most optimal benefits and costs.
Table 3. Thickness of sedimentation in navigation channel

No Structure Sediment (m)
1 Without UWS 0.110
2 UWS 1 m 0.088
3 UWS 1.5 m 0.060
4 UWS 2 m 0.022
5 UWS 4 m 0.022
3
With a shipping flow length of 3,762 m and a lower flow width of 380 m, the volume of
sedimentation in the cruise line can be calculated. The result of the sedimentation volume count can be
seen in the table.
3,762 m length
Figure 2. Image of the location and position of the building Under Water Sill (UWS)
Table 4. Sedimentation volume in the navigation channel

Yearly Navigation Yearly
No Structure Sedimentation Channel sedimentation
(m) (m) volume (m3)
1 No UWS 0.11 3,762 157,501
2 1 m high UWS 0.09 3,762 125,341
3 1.5 m high UWS 0.06 3,762 86,336
4 2 m high UWS 0.02 3,762 32,079
5 4 m high UWS 0.02 3,762 31,548
3. Economic studies
For the optimization of UWS building dimensions in Patimban, which can provide optimum value,
economic studies will be conducted. In this study, some assumptions are prevalent and accountable.
The cost for the construction of UWS is as in the following table.
4
Table 5. UWS Patimban Construction Costs

Construction 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS
Construction
Cost (Rp) 92,652,213,500 101,776,684,500 159,192,890,400 238,174,223,300
The construction of UWS in Patimban, serves to reduce the rate of sedimentation. With the
building, sedimentation will be reduced compared to the construction of UWS. To know the
effectiveness of the construction of each UWS or not built UWS will be done the cost of development
plus dredging costs. Building life is simulated 20 years and 30 years, dredging price per cubic meter Rp
85,000, for 2020, while the price of the following year will be adjusted to the inflation rate. UWS's initial
construction costs will be carried out with the loan funds and will be refunded over the life of the plan
in even instillments.
The comparison of construction costs and dredging costs will be used net present value (NPV)
method which is the expected cash flow in the future which is discounted at this time. To calculate NPV,
data on estimated investment costs, operating costs, and maintenance is required. In this article the cost
of investment is the initial cost of construction and the cost of maintenance operations is the cost of
dredging. According to Kasmir Net Present Value (NPV) or net value is now a comparison between
Present Value (PV) net cash and Investment PV during the investment life [7]. The equations used are:
n
valuesi
NPV =  (1)
i =1 (1 + rate)i
Where i is interest and n is lifetime
The result of the investment and maintenance costs of each UWS, once taken into account against
NPV will be compared to each other. The lowest cost of UWS is the cheapest and most efficient type of
building. In addition, it can also be analyzed with the cost of development and dredging without UWS
development in making zero. The cost of each UWS is the cost without UWS building at the cost of
each UWS. For UWS which has the larger cost difference and positive is UWS that is worth building.
The count of construction and maintenance costs of dredging for each UWS for interest rate is 7.5%
per year and inflation is 4.76% as in the following table.
Table 6. NPV count investment costs and dredging costs at the Navigation Channel in Patimban
(in Million Rupiah)
Year 2025 2030 2035 2040
NPV total Cost Construction Cost
Dredging cost and instalment
Dredging 204,449 204,449 91,061 99,134 126,522 161,478
NO UWS
Instalment
Dredging 279,802 162,702 72,467 78,891 100,688 128,506
1 m UWS
Instalment 117,100 92,652 74,122 61,768 61,768 61,768
Dredging 240,704 112,071 49,916 54,341 69,355 88,516
1.5 m UWS
Instalment 128,632 101,777 81,421 67,851 67,851 67,851
Dredging 242,840 41,641 18,547 20,191 25,769 32,889
2 m UWS
Instalment 201,199 159,193 127,354 106,129 106,129 106,129
Dredging 341,973 40,952 18,240 19,857 25,343 32,345
4 m UWS
Instalment 301,021 238,174 190,539 158,783 158,783 158,783
5
3.1. UWS 20 years lifetime

The life of the building can be planned for a certain period of time e.g., 20 years, 30 years or 50 years.
Shorter building life is generally cheaper and construction is relatively easy compared to longer building
life. Summary of dredging costs in Patimban shipping line for a period of 20 years, both dredging
because it was not built UWS and dredging costs and construction costs if built UWS presented in Table
7.
Table 7. Total cost value of UWS installation with and not UWS installation for 20-year plan life with
interest rate and inflation varying
Condition NO UWS UWS 1M UWS 1.5 M UWS 2M UWS 4M
3% Interest,
1% Inflation 225,935,148,088 294,060,011,162 338,183,648,316 275,337,245,780 371,429,803,821
6% interest,
1% inflation 170,688,140,632 255,731,532,944 225,268,865,869 240,768,151,272 342,398,643,759
10% interest,
218,861773,547
1% inflation 123,979,156,886 199,996,089,491 231,773,003,626 333,818,034,677
3% interest,
5% inflation 333,078,618,303 379,325,700,826 308,092,547,303 264,156,639,798 360,434,178,687
6% interest,
5% inflation 241,638,485,393 312,194,423,923 264,161,213,061 255,218,935,558 356,610,342,764
10% interest,
5% inflation 166,951,933,673 253,059,876,727 223,552,171,709 240,525,467,474 342,425,690,794
3% interest,
10% inflation 569,547,194,548 567,509,415,584 437,715,849,320 312,319,286,466 407,799,984,180
6% interest,
10% inflation 393,871,494,932 433,342,754,491 347,609,702,014 286,224,935,450 387,103,354,707
10% interest,
10% inflation 255,581,738,013 323,592,232,797 272,135,742,846 258,577,108,916 360,178,671,508
7,5% interest,
4,76% inflation 203,436,005,756 282,500,113,138 243,997,259,988 248,653,754,719 350,777,044,830
Table 8. Difference in dredging costs without UWS reduced by UWS investment and dredging, with
20-year plan age
Condition 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS
3% Interest, - - - -
1% Inflation 68,124,863,075 112,248,500,220 49,402,097,692 145,494,655,733
6% interest, - - - -
1% inflation 85,043,392,312 54,580,725,230 70,080,010,640 171,710,503,127
10% interest, - - - -
1% inflation 94,882,616,661 76,016,932,605 107,793,846,740 209,838,877,791
3% interest, - -
24,986,071,000 68,921,978,505
5% inflation 46,247,082,523 27,355,560,383
6% interest, - - - -
5% inflation 70,555,938,530 22,522,727,668 13,580,450,165 114,971,857,371
10% interest, - - - -
5% inflation 86,107943,054 56,600,238,036 73,573,533,801 175,473,757,122
3% interest,
2,037,778,964 131,831,345,22 257,227,908,08 161,747,210,368
10% inflation
6% interest, -
46,261,792,918 107,646,559,48 6,768,140,225
10% inflation 39,471,259,559
10% interest, - - - -
10% inflation 68,010,494,784 16,554,004,833 2,995,370,903 104,596,933,494
7,5% interest, - - - -
4,76% inflation 79,064,107,382 40,561,254,232 45,217,748,962 147,341,039,073
6
The cost of development and dredging for the life of the UWS plan is 20 years, can be explained
as follows. For interest rates ranging from 1 to 10% per year, with a small inflation of 1 to 5% UWS
development will be more expensive than not building UWS but treatment with dredging. UWS
development will be effective and efficient if the loan interest rate is relatively small compared to
inflation. This can be seen at the 3% interest rate and the 5% inflation, UWS development is more
efficient. In addition, at the time of loan interest rate up to 6 % per year, but inflation higher than 10%
UWS will also be effective. For a 20-year building age plan it will be effective if the loan interest rate
is smaller than inflation. For UWS development which is from UWS height of 1m, 1.5 m, 2 m and 4 m,
the most effective and cost-effective in terms of investment and dredging is UWS type height of 2 m.
20 Years UWS lifetime

600,000,000,000 3% Interest, 1% Inflation
Construction and dredging cost
500,000,000,000 6% interest, 1% inflation

10% interest, 1% inflation
400,000,000,000
200,000,000,000
-
NO 1m 1,5
1.5m 2 m 4m 7,5% interest, 4,76% inflation
UWS UWS UWS UWS UWS
UWS High
Figure 3. UWS's total operating costs in the shipping line with variations in inflation and annual bank
interest for the life of the 20-year plan
3.2. UWS 30 years lifetime
Summary of dredging costs in Patimban shipping line for a period of 30 years, both dredging because it
was not built UWS and dredging costs and construction costs if built UWS presented in Table 9 and
Table 10.
7
Table 9. Total cost value of UWS installation with and not UWS installation for 30 years plan life
with interest rate and inflation varying
Condition NO UWS 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS
3% Interest, 1%
Inflation 304,893,916,866 359,999,170,683 296,051,431,316 263,747,799,718 362,765,546,977
6% interest, 1%
inflation 207,881,647,509 285,886,319,713 246,267,585,846 249,298,617,815 351,277,633,508
10% interest, 1%
inflation 138,201,334,689 227,082,010,462 204,389,182,743 229,346,970,797 328,703,278,595
3% interest, 5%
inflation 545,650,706,963 551,595,482,689 428,025,373,102 312,783,846,699 410,990,302,554
6% interest, 5%
inflation 340,855,430,537 391,707,993,159 319,158,881,221 276,382,002,126 377,912,928,746
10% interest, 5%
inflation 204,448,722,046 279,802,247,729 240,703,543,135 242,839,882,035 341,972,952,367
3% interest, 10%
inflation 1,277,080,967,559 1,133,673,937,72 828,968,310,551 461,757,624,791 557,499,339,846
6% interest, 10%
inflation 720,509,270,093 693,839,764,680 527,271,033,323 353,707,852,440 453,959,438,624
10% interest,
10% inflation 377,287,327,543 417,348,687,736 335,447,255,456 278,042,718,790 376,593,365,361
12% interest, 9%
inflation 253,924,866,064 309,506,484,654 257,202,987,269 236,303,346,503 327,027,103,138
7,5% interest,
4,76% inflation 269,141,577,134 333,796,318,317 278,923,989,893 260,330,419,372 361,385,943,064
Table 10. Total cost value of UWS installation with and not UWS installation for 30 years plan life
with interest rate and inflation varying
Condition 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS
3% Interest, 1% - -
Inflation 55,105,253,817 8,842,485,550 41,146,117,148 57,871,630,111
6% interest, 1% - - - -
inflation 78,004,672,204 38,385,938,337 41,416970,306 143,395,985,999
10% interest, 1% - - - -
inflation 88,880,675,772 66,187,848,053 91,145,636,107 190,501,943,906
3% interest, 5% -
inflation 5,944,775,26 117,625,333,861 232,866,860,263 134,660,404,409
6% interest, 5% - -
inflation 50,852,560,622 21,696,549,316 64,473,428,411 37,057,498,209
10% interest, 5% - - - -
inflation 75,353,525,682 36,254,821,089 38,391,159,989 137,524,230,320
3% interest, 10%
inflation 143,407,028,83 448,112,657,008 815,323,342,768 719,581,627,713
6% interest, 10%
inflation 26,669,505,413 193,238,236,770 366,801,417,653 266,549,831,468
10% interest, 10% -
inflation 40,061,360,193 41,840,072,087 99,244,608,754 693,962,182
12% interest, 9% - - -
inflation 55,581,618,590 3,278,121,204 17,621,519,561 73,102,237,074
7,5% interest, 4,76% - - -
inflation 64,654,741,182 9,782,412,759 8,811,157,762 92,244,365,930
8
1,400,000,000,000
3% Interest, 1% Inflation
Construction and dredging cost
1,200,000,000,000
1,000,000,000,000 10% interest, 1% inflation
800,000,000,000
600,000,000,000
200,000,000,000
-
1 2 3 4 5
UWS High 7,5% interest, 4,76% inflation
Figure 4. UWS's total operating costs in the shipping lanes with variations in inflation and annual
bank interest for the life of the 30-year plan
The cost of development and dredging costs for UWS with a plan lifespan of 30 years, can be
explained as follows. The result of the UWS development cost count coupled with the 30-year cost of
noise for UWS type is effective and efficient is UWS height of 2 m. UWS development is 2 m high
when compared to not built UWS, providing an advantage if built UWS. For loan interest rate of 3%
and inflation of 1% development UWS 2m will get an accrued profit of 41.16 M. For 6% annual interest
rate and 5% inflation per year, UWS high 2 m development will be benefited 64.47 M. UWS
development for interest rates starting from 6% and above with inflation of 1%, UWS development in
Patimban is less feasible, because it provides greater costs than not building UWS. For loan interest
rates smaller than 10% per year, and with inflation greater than 5%, UWS development with a height of
2 m is worth building. The development will provide a smaller cost than UWS did not build. For UWS
development with a height of 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m and 4 m, the most effective and cost-effective in terms of
investment and dredging is UWS type height of 2 m.
4. Conclusion
Construction of sediment control building by using Under Water Sill (UWS) structure at Patimban Port
shipping line can reduce sedimentation rate into the shipping flow. The feasible development plan of
UWS is appropriate for 30 years design life and the 2m height of UWS will provide the most advantage
or the most feasible dimension. Economic study of UWS development on the bank interest rate of 7.5%
per year and with an average inflation of 4.76% per year has shown to be feasible and profitable. The
12% annual rate with inflation of 9% per year provides a profit of 17.62 M, whereas under an interest
rate of 10 percent per year and an inflation rate of 10 percent per year gives a profit of 99,24 M.
5. Reference
[1] Tsuruya H, Murakami K and Irie I 1990 Mathematical Modelling Of Mud Transport in Ports with
a Multi-Layered Model-Application to Kumamoto Port Report of the Port and Airport Research
Institute 29(1) 51.
[2] Irie l, Ono N, Morimoto K, Takeuchi N and Hidayat R 2002 Cross section of submerged dike for
efficient siltation protection Proceeding of the 28 International Conference Coastal Engineering
Cardiff Wales 1733-1743.
9
[3] Hidayat R 2004 Study of submerged dike roles for protecting siltation in harbors and access
channels Thesis (Japan: Department of Marine System Engineering)
[4] Bhakty T E 2015 Kajian Struktur Underwater Sill sebagai Struktur Pengendali Pola Aliran dalam
Rangka Mereduksi Sedimen yang Masuk Kolam Labuh dan Alur Pelayaran Desertasi Doktor
(Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada).
[5] Peppy Anastasia 2016 Pemanfaatan Underwater Sill (UWS) untuk mengatasi pendangkalan kolam
labuh rencana terminal propylene PT. Pertamina RU VI Balongan Thesis (Yogyakarta:
Universitas Gadjah Mada).
[6] Wibowo M and Kongko W 2018 Kajian Pengaruh Dike untuk Mengendalikan Proses Sedimentasi
di Rencana Pelabuhan Patimban Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 12(2).
[7] Kasmir 2003 Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan Lainnya (Jakarta : PT. Raja Grafindo Persada).
10
Preface
To cite this article: 2021 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 832 011001

PREFACE
On behalf of the Editors, it is our pleasure to accept many research papers on the latest development in
infrastructure studies during the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure (ICSI 2020). The
Conference, which was organized by Department of Civil Engineering and Planning- Yogyakarta State
University, was succesfully held on 5th October 2020. Different from the previous conferences, ICSI 2020
was carried out in the form of virtual conference due to the impact of Covid-19 pandemic. Because there
was worldwide travel restriction, ICSI 2020 was held in this flexible online conference to gather experts
and scholars with the aim to continue disseminating the latest advanced research in the field of sustainable
infrastructures, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. These kind of
activities must continue in order to avoid delays in the development and application of new knowledges
especially in a difficult situation during the pandemic.
For the Plenary Session, the committee of ICSI 2020 invited a keynote speaker, Wikan Sakarinto, Ph.D.
(Director General of Vocational Education, Ministry of Education and Culture – Republic of Indonesia),
and two renowned experts as invited speakers: Prof. Atsushi Fukuda (Nihon University – Japan) and Prof.
Ts. Dr. Salwani Mohd. Daud (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia – Malaysia). The keynote and invited
speeches were the first session of the conference, which were each delivered in about 45 minutes via Zoom
meeting. Following the keynote presentations, the parallel sessions was held through online meeting group
via Zoom meeting for participants to share and discuss more about their research. In total, 7 parallel virtual
rooms were allocated for the presentation and discussion. Each presenter in the parallel session was given
10-minutes pre-recorded presentation and 5 minutes question and answer session. The pre-recorded
presentations were also shared in ICSI YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/
UCoiPBovMgHz0zOZuarvbW-w). Therefore, if the participants still have something to discuss, the
discussion can be continued in the channel comment section.
We were very glad that the participants enjoyed the conference very much both the technical quality and
also the discussion session. In total, ICSI 2020 was attended by more than 200 participants from Japan,
China, Turkey, Malaysia, and all over Indonesia. We received more than 100 paper submissions to be
presented in the conference. Hence, ICSI 2020 selected a bunch of high-quality papers and compiled them
into the proceedings after rigorous review and process to meet the requirements of international publication
standard. We would like to warmly thank all the authors who, with their presentations and papers,
generously contributed to the lively exchange of scientific information that is so vital to the endurance of
scientific conferences of this kind.
Lastly, ICSI 2020 would like to thank the organization staff, the members of the program committees and
reviewers. They have worked very hard in reviewing papers and making valuable suggestions for the
authors to improve their work. We also would like to express our gratitude to the external reviewers, for
providing extra help in the review process, and the authors for contributing their research result to the
conference.
Editors:
Dr.-Ing. Satoto E. Nayono, M.Eng., M.Sc. (editor-in-chief)
Dr. Slamet Widodo, S.T., M.T.
Retna Hidayah, M.T., Ph.D.
Dr. Sativa, S.T., M.T.
Dr.-Ing. Suwartanti, M.Sc.
LIST OF COMMITTEES
Patron
Prof Dr. Sutrisna Wibawa, M.Pd. (Rector of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
Steering Committee
Prof. Herman Dwi Surjono, Ph.D.
Prof. Ir. Muh. Khairuddin, Ph.D.
Prof. Dr. Mutiara Nugraheni, M.P.
Drs. Ir. Darmono, M.T.
Member of Academic Committee

Prof. Slamet P. Harto, M.A., MLHR, Ph.D. Dr. Sativa, M.T.
Prof. Dr. Husaini Usman, M.Pd. Dr. Nuryadin Eko Raharjo, M.Pd.
Prof. Sutarto, Ph.D Dr. Ir. Sunar Rochmadi, M.E.S.
Dr. Ir. Slamet Widodo, S.T., M.T. Dr. V. Lilik Hariyanto, M.Pd.
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Triwiyono Didik Purwantoro, M.Eng.
Dr. Willis Diana, M.T. Maris Setyo Nugroho, M.Eng.
Dr.-Ing. Satoto E. Nayono, M.Eng., M.Sc. Ir. Dian Eksana Wibowo, M.Eng.
Dr. Rahayu Sulistyorini, S.T., M.T. Elviana, M.Eng.
Dr.-Ing. Sudarno Utomo, M.Sc. Wisnu Rahmat Prihadi, M.Pd.
Retna Hidayah, Ph.D. Novia Suryadwanti, M.Eng.Sc.
Dr.-Ing. Suwartanti N., M.Sc. (Res-Eng) Qonaah Rizky, M.Eng.
Organizing Committee
Dr.-Ing. Satoto E. Nayono, M.Eng., M.Sc. (Chairman)
Dr. Sativa, M.T. (Co-chairwoman)
Ir. Pramudiyanto, M.Eng. (OC Secretary)
Nur Hidayat, M.Pd. (OC Treasurer)
Galeh N.I.P. Pratama, M.Pd. (Logistics)
Arum Dwi Hastutiningsih, M.Pd. (Publication and Information)
Nuzulul Alifin, M.Pd. (Review Process Co-ordinator)
Muhammad Nuruzzaman, M.Pd. (Conference Academic Event Coordinator)
Conference Secretariat
Department of Civil Engineering and Planning
Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Email: icsi@uny.ac.id
Phone: +62 813 28385 001
2
Peer review declaration

To cite this article: 2021 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 832 011002


All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were
conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a
proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
Type of peer review : Single-blind method

The organizer provides authors’ details to the
reviewers but keep reviewers’ information from the
authors. This method allows reviewers to critique
papers without any influence being exerted by the
authors.
Conference submission : http://icsi.uny.ac.id/user/register
management system This submission management system was
developed by Center of Information and
Communication Technology, Yogyakarta State
University
Number of submissions : 104 papers
received
Number of submissions sent for : 73 papers
review
Number of submissions : 68 papers
accepted
Acceptance Rate (Number of : 65%
Submissions Accepted/Number
of Submissions Received X 100)
Average number of reviews per : 2 reviewers/paper
paper
Total number of reviewers : 22 reviewers
involved
Any additional info on review : The papers are evaluated based on:
process a. Originality of the paper
b. Theoretical/conceptual framework
c. Research methodology
d. Quality and significance of the papers’ findings
e. Readability and writing style
Contact person for queries : Name : Dr.-Ing. Satoto E. Nayono, M.Eng., M.Sc.
Affiliation: Yogyakarta State University
Email: satoto.nayono@uny.ac.id
Table of contents
Volume 832
2021
Previous issue Next issue
3rd International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure, 5-6 October 2020, Yogyakarta,

Indonesia
Accepted papers received: 27 July 2021
Published online: 19 August 2021
Open all abstracts
Preface
OPEN ACCESS 011001

Preface
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 011002

 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Green Design and Architecture
OPEN ACCESS 012001

Study on The Evaluation of The Sustainability Physical Facilities (Infrastructures) of
Ruminant-Slaughterhouses in Indonesia
M D D Maharani and G Suprapto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012002

The Influence of the Building Mass Configuration of Settlements around the UNNES
Campus on Environmental Carrying Capacity
T Prihanto, E Purwanto and E E Pandelaki
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012003

The Validity of Internal Support and Facilitating Content on Sustainable Green Building
Management in Indonesia
D P Retno, M A Wibowo and J U D Hatmoko
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012004

Pedestrian Perception Based on Sidewalk Level of Convenience at Pemuda Street
S Arifah and R Hidayah
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012005

User Perception of the Existence of Arena Youth Park as a Green Open Space in Jambi
City
S Utami and R Hidayah
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Geotechnical Engineering
OPEN ACCESS 012006

The Sensitivity of Maximum Magnitude Range Parameter in Bedrock Acceleration
Calculation for 2500 Years of Return Period, Case Study: Bengkulu Province, Indonesia
C M Azwar, A J Syahbana, A M Sari, M Irsyam, A Pamumpuni and I A Sadisun
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012007

Distribution of land stability based on standard penetration value (SPT) with various
depth in Semarang city, Indonesia
P A Wahyudi, P Purwanto and T T Putranto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012008

The Effect of Reinforcement of Bamboo Matting, Bamboo Grids, and Geotextiles on
Non-Woven Increasing the Carrying Capacity of Clay Soil Using the Loading Test
H F Pinka, D E Wibowo, Endaryanta and R Munawir
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Sustainable Construction Technology and Management
OPEN ACCESS 012009

The Critical Path Method in Construction Project Rescheduling
Zakia and Dian Febrianti
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012010

Philanthropy in Settlement Infrastructure Development
A Rochani, N Yuliastuti and B Sudarwanto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012011

A Proposal for Implementing Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Manage the
Prerequisite Activities in Construction Projects
T N Handayani and K N R Putri
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012012

Effect of GGBFS on Compressive Strength, Porosity, and Absorption in Mortars
K A Sambowo, M A Ramadhan and F Igirisa
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012013

Behavior of Curved Double Steel-Concrete Composite Shear Walls Under Cyclic
Loading
Ö Çobanoğlu and Q Guo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012014

Prediction Models of Infrastructure Resilience as a Decision Support System Based on
Bayesian Network
A D Agustin and T J W Adi
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012015

Mechanical Behavior of Corroded Steel in Lightweight Concrete: A Review
A Zaki, O Putri, S Yadi and E Rommel
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012016

The New Analysis of Discrete Element Method Using ARM Processor
F Ma'arif, Z Gao, F Li and H U Ghifarsyam
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012017

The Study of Bond Strength of Reinforced Concrete Structures on Severe Environment
Pramudiyanto, S Widodo and J Sumiyanto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012018
The Study of Concrete Mixture Performance to Support the Non-Destructive Testing
Evaluation
S. Widodo, Pramudiyanto and J Sumiyanto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012019

The Influence of Rattan Fibre Addition to The Compressive Strength of Normal Concrete
A Yusra, I Y Salena, D P Sari and A Asrianur
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012020

Strengthening of Non-Engineered Building with Steel Plate to Increase Seismic
Performance
E Purwanto, S A Kristiawan, S Sangadji and H A Saifullah
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012021

Enhancing the Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beam Structure Using CFRP and
CFRP Anchor
R Ariyansyah, R Gunadi, I A Reski and I Rosanti
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012022

Prediction of Deflection of Single-pile Nailed-slab by Using the Allowable Equivalent
Modulus of Subgrade Reaction in Case of Additional Modulus from Modified Hardiyatmo Method
A Puri, F Oktavia, D B E Dharmowijoyo and M Ali
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012023

Assessment of Ground Movement at Cigombong Bridge by Using Finite Element
Analysis: A Case Study in West Java, Indonesia
A Arafianto and P P Rahardjo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012024

Effect of Rod Diameter and Adhesive Thickness to the Pull-out Strength of Threaded
Steel Rod Glued in Laminated Bamboo
M D K Dewi, Karyadi, P B Susanto and Nindyawati
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012025

Comparative Study of Internal Force between Dynamic Method and Equivalent Static Methods in
Lecture Buildings in Yogyakarta Based on Earthquake Indonesian National Standard (SNI 1726-
2019)
Enik Ernawati and Slamet Widodo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012026

The Implementation of Supply Chain Management in Construction Industry
A W Nugroho, A Setiawan, W Sutopo and M A Wibowo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012027

The Old Derrick Steel Truss Structure in Linear Buckling Analysis (Eigenvalue)
Miftahul Iman
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012028

Study of Utilizations Abaca Fibre with Kalimantan Local Material on The Concrete
Compressive and Flexural Strength
Y Pranoto, J Suryono and L H Rahman
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012029

The Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Building Development in Wates Campus,
Yogyakarta State University
G N I P Pratama, C Nagara and Amrullah
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Sustainable Road Engineering and Transportation System
OPEN ACCESS 012030

The Effect of Using PVC as A Mixed Additive Material Asphalt Concrete Wearing
Course
Veranita and Bambang Tripoli
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012031

Performance Evaluation of Bus Network in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Using Macroscopic
Simulation Model (VISUM)
Novia Suryadwanti and Lee Seon Ha
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012032
The Effect of Pulp Cane Ash Filler and Concrete Waste as Replacement of Coarse
Aggregate to The Marshall Characteristic on Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
D E Wibowo, N Fariza, Pramudiyanto, P Mahardi and H Prayuda
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012033

Initial Study of Arterial Road Traffic and Socio-Economic Characteristics in Malang
Regency
Susilowati, Aria Indah Susanti and Meriana Wahyu Nugroho
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012034

Analysis of travel behaviors during floods in Ubon Ratchathani city, Thailand
N Tsumita, S Jaensirisak, H Kikuchi and A Fukuda
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012035

Marshall Characteristic Of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course Using Crude Palm Oil and
Pen 60/70 As A Binder
Chaira, M Refiyanni and Azwanda
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012036

Perception of Pedestrian to Pedestrian Lane Conditions in Yogyakarta (Case Study:
Gejayan Street, Sleman)
M B Luthfi and R Hidayah
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012037

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on Road Infrastructure Projects: a Systematic Mapping
Study
Lendra, M A Wibowo and J U D Hatmoko
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012038

Android-Based Public Transport Violation Reporting Application
Budi Yulianto and Setiono
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012039

Performance Study of Gendengan Intersection with the Implementation of a One-way System with
Contra Flow Bus Lane
B Yulianto, Setiono, S Marwoto, Kuswanto and Sugiyarto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012040

The Performance of Demand Responsive Pelican Crossing at Midblock Pedestrian
Crossing Facility
B Yulianto and Salsabila N Putri
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012041

Utilization of Coconut Shell Charcoal to Improve Bearing Capacity of Clay as Subgrade
for Road Pavement
Andriani, Rina Yuliet and Dwiki Permana
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012042

The Study of Adding Left Turn Lanes Effectiveness at Signalized Intersection with PKJI
2014 (Case Study Sarwo Edhie Wibowo-Sudirman Signalized Intersection, Magelang, Indonesia)
Evi Puspitasari, Ayu Rizka Eka S and Sudarno
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Water and Environmental Engineering
OPEN ACCESS 012043

Numerical Modeling of The Effects of Reclamation and Proposed Infrastructures on
Thermal Dispersion of Power Plant Wastewater at PLTGU Muara Karang, Jakarta Bay
H Khoirunnisa, M Wibowo, G Gumbira, W Hendriyono and S Karima
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012044

Potential Tsunami Hazard on the Coast of the Indonesia's New Capital Candidate
Shofia Karima, Widjo Kongko, Hanah Khoirunnisa, Wahyu Hendriyono and Mardi Wibowo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012045

Development of Sustainable Infrastructure in Eastern Indonesia
Bakti Wibawa, Ibnu Fauzi, Dian A Novianti, Nurul Shabrina, Andika D Saputra and Syahrizal A Latief
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012046

Application of TRMM in Deriving Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curve in Bandung Area
S Sanjaya and D Yudianto
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012047

Tsunami Hazard Potential Modeling as Tourism Development Considerations in the
North of Lombok Strait
M Wibowo, W Kongko, W Hendriyono and S Karima
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012048

Study on the Economic Feasibility of an Underwater-Sill (UWS) Development for
Sediment Countermeasure at Patimban Port's Navigation Channel
Suranto, D C Istiyanto, A Subarkah, A B Widagdo, C Murtiaji, A Hamid, S A Aziz and E Cholishoh
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012049

Evaluation of Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Campus Drainage System Using
Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model 5.1 (EPA SWMM 5.1)
M Harianti and M Sulaiman
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012050

The Effect of Check Dam Stones Installation and Gabions with Combination Variations
in River Bends Using a Laboratory Model Test
N Hidayat, D Purwantoro and Nur A Khoirudin
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012051

Simulation of Rainfall Data by The GPM Satellite (Case Study at Sriwijaya University,
Indralaya)
S Y Iryani, M B Al Amin and A Muhtarom
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012052

Analysis of Floodwater Level and Periodic Maintenance of Celeng River, Bantul
N D Ammara, A Maryono and M Sulaiman
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012053

Management of Water Resources in Wetlands (Muarajambi Watershed Case Study)
S M Siregar
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012054

Evaluation of Total Pressure Velocimeter
A Maryono, S Nuranto, D Pratama and P T S Sembada
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012055

Prediction Model Safety Perfomance Model on The Dam Construction Project Based
Bayesian Networks
M N Asrar and T J W Adi
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012056

Installation Assistance Repeated Processing Technology Septictank (RPS) in Pahandut
Seberang Village, Palangka Raya City
N Hamidah, T W Garib, D A Nindito and M Santoso
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012057

The Safety of Bengawan Solo River Embankment at Dengkeng-Pusur Segment in The
Return Periods of Discharge
N D Sirait, Sobriyah, C Ikhsan and R Hadiani
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012058

Finding an Optimum Grid Size for Numerical Simulations of Dam-break Flow Using
Open-Access Digital Elevation Models
B M Ginting, D Yudianto, Willy and A H Ginting
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012059

A Study to Improve Effectiveness of the Solid Waste Management in the City of Banjar,
West Java Province
R W Triweko, J U Ledi and D S Asri
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012060

The Reliability of X-Band Multiparameter Radar Rainfall Estimates
Q R Fajriani, R Jayadi, D Legono and J Sujono
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012061
Laboratory Physical Modeling of Rakuna IV Armor Block Stability and Overtopping
Discharge of Patimban Port's Rubble Mound Breakwater
D C Istiyanto, E Cholishoh, C Murtiaji, A B Widagdo, C I Sukmana, A Hamid, E A Wiguna, A S D Marta,
J Setiawan and B Santosa
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012062

Analysis of Tsunami Disaster Risk for a Petroleum Refinery Plant at Tsunami Prone Area
D C Istiyanto, W Kongko, T Prijambodo, M Wibowo, S Nugroho, C Murtiaji, H Azis, E Kustiyanto and M Irfani
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012063

Water Quality Modelling of the Cibarani Irrigation Channel, Bandung City
Finna Fitriana, Doddi Yudianto and Randy R Trisnojoyo
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012064

Efficiency of Smart Sluice Gate in Agricultural Water Distribution on Paddy (Oryza
sativa L.)
As'ad Syazili, Adhy Kurniawan, Jaka Widada, Galih Setyawan and SS Pratama Tirza
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012065

Design of Microhydro Power Plant Prototype Based on Kelekar River Flow Discharge
Indrayani and Ramadhani Renny Citra
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
OPEN ACCESS 012066

Mapping the Problems, Stakeholders, and Potential Solutions of Solid Waste
Management in a New-Emergence Tourist Area: A Case Study in Nglanggeran, Gunungsewu
UNESCO Global Geopark
Suwartanti Nayono and Satoto E. Nayono
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
Development of Human Resources in Sustainable Infrastructure
OPEN ACCESS 012067

Strategic Approach in Human Resource Management at Construction Companies in
Indonesia
F Susilowati and Y Chrishnawati
 Open abstract
View article
PDF
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

PAPER • OPEN ACCESS

Study on the Economic Feasibility of an Underwater-Sill (UWS)

View the article online for updates and enhancements.

This content was downloaded from IP address 36.72.215.64 on 25/08/2021 at 02:13

Study on the Economic Feasibility of an Underwater-Sill

Suranto1*, D C Istiyanto1, A Subarkah1, A B Widagdo1, C Murtiaji2, A

Abstract. A new international seaport is under construction at Patimban area of Subang

1.1 Research on UWS

1.2 Construction of UWS In Semen Gresik Tuban Port

Table 2. Sediment deposits at Tuban Port take 1 and 2 years

1.3 UWS building materials and shapes

Figure 1. UWS Image

2. Numerical study results

Table 3. Thickness of sedimentation in navigation channel

Table 4. Sedimentation volume in the navigation channel

Table 5. UWS Patimban Construction Costs

3.1. UWS 20 years lifetime

Condition 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS

20 Years UWS lifetime

500,000,000,000 6% interest, 1% inflation

Condition 1 m UWS 1.5 m UWS 2 m UWS 4 m UWS

PAPER • OPEN ACCESS

View the article online for updates and enhancements.

This content was downloaded from IP address 36.72.215.64 on 25/08/2021 at 07:29

Member of Academic Committee

PAPER • OPEN ACCESS

Peer review declaration

View the article online for updates and enhancements.

This content was downloaded from IP address 36.72.215.64 on 25/08/2021 at 07:31

Peer review declaration

Type of peer review : Single-blind method

3rd International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure, 5-6 October 2020, Yogyakarta,

Published online: 19 August 2021

Open all abstracts

OPEN ACCESS 011001

OPEN ACCESS 011002

Green Design and Architecture

OPEN ACCESS 012001

OPEN ACCESS 012002

OPEN ACCESS 012003

OPEN ACCESS 012004

OPEN ACCESS 012005

OPEN ACCESS 012006

OPEN ACCESS 012007

OPEN ACCESS 012008

Sustainable Construction Technology and Management

OPEN ACCESS 012009

OPEN ACCESS 012010

OPEN ACCESS 012011

OPEN ACCESS 012012

OPEN ACCESS 012013

OPEN ACCESS 012014

OPEN ACCESS 012015

OPEN ACCESS 012016

OPEN ACCESS 012017

OPEN ACCESS 012019

OPEN ACCESS 012020