Z (Meaning of Administrative Law):

yksd ç'kkldksa dks vius dk;ksaZ ds laiknu esa fofHkUu fu.kZ; djus gksrs gSa A ;s fu.kZ;
fodYiksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrs gSa A bu fodYiksa esa ls ,d dk pquko os vius foosd ls djrs gSa A
bl foosd dk os euekuk ç;ksx ugha dj ldrs vFkkZr dqN dkuwu ,sls fufeZr fd;s x;s gSa tks
muds bl foosd dh lhek dks fu/kkZfjr djrs gSa A ;s dkuwu gh ç'kklfud fof/k dgykrs gSa A
vius O;kid vFkZ esa ç'kklfud fof/k ;k dkuwu 'kklu] ç'kklu ds lHkh vaxksa ls lacaf/kr lHkh
dkuwuksa dk laxzg gS A ysfdu bl :i esa lkekU; dkuwu vkSj ç'kklfud dkuwu esa Hksn ugha jg
tkrk gS] vr% ç'kklfud dkuwu dk vFkZ ladqfpr vFkZ esa gh yksd ç'kklu esa çpfyr gS A
bldk vFkZ gS - yksd ç'kkldks ds foosd dh 'kfä ds Lo:i vkSj lhek dk fu/kkZj.k djus
okyk dkuwu A

tsfuaXl& ç'kkldh; dkuwu 'kklu ls lacaf/kr fu;e gS A buds }kjk vf/kdkfj;ksa ds

vf/kdkjksa ,oa drZO;ksa dk Kku gksrk gS A LVªkx
a & ç'kkldh; dkuwu ,sls fu;eksa dk laxzg gS tks
ukxfjdksa ds çfr ç'kkldh; vf/kdkfj;ksa ds in] nkf;Ro] vf/kdkj vkSj muds fØ;kUo;u ds
fu;eksa dk fu;eu djrk gS A

(Philosophical Basis of

Administrative Law):
Ýkal dks ç'kkldh; fof/k vkSj U;k;y; dh O;oLFkk dk L=ksr ekuk tkrk gS ogka
jktra= ds tekus ls gh ljdkjh vf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy, vyx dkuwu Fkk A Mk;lh us bldk
Øec) fodkl dkUlwysV lafo/kku ¼1795&usiksfy;u½ ls ekuk gS A ;g ogka vc Hkh ifjofrZr
Lo:i esa ekStwn gS A
 :
1- jkse dk oS/kkfud n'kZu ftlesa jkT; dks lk/; vkSj O;fä dks lk/ku ekuk tkrk gS A

2- ekaVsLD;w dk 'kfä i`FkDdj.k fl)kar ftlesa dk;Zikfydk ds vf/kdkfj;ksa dks U;k;ikfydk

ls i`Fkd j[kk x;k gS A

Ýkal esa ;g /kkj.kk gS fd lkekU; U;k;k/kh'k ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa ds fo:) gksrs gSa]
rFkk mudh dfBukb;ksa dks ugha le>rs vr% ogka ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, i`Fkd dkuwu
çpfyr gS A Ýkal esa ç'kkldh; dkuwu fyfic) ugha gS vfirq ek= ijaijkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gS
ftl rjg fczVus esa lkekU; dkuwu dh fLFkfr gS A

(Areas of Administrative Law):

1-

2-

3-

4-

(Development of

Administrative Law):
fQQuj ds vuqlkj] mi;qZä {ks= esa ç'kklfud dkuwuksa dh la[;k fujarj c< jgh gS A
;|fi bldk vfLrRo vkSj egRo çkphudky esa Hkh jgk] tgka vf/kdkfj;ksa dks jktkKk }kjk
muds vf/kdkjksa] nkf;Roksa ls lacaf/kr ^foosd* lkSaik tkrk Fkk] rFkkfi vk/kqfud ;qx dh
tfVyrkvksa us bls ljdkj esa vR;Ur vko';d çdk;Z cuk fn;k gS A blds vn~Hkwr fodkl
dk jkClu us ßvfHkuo o`f)ß dgk gS A
blds fodkl ds dkj.k bl çdkj gS:

1- :
vkS|ksfxd Økafr us jkT; dks lkekftd vkfFkZd thou esa ukxfjd dY;k.k gsrq
vR;f/kd gLr{ksi ds fy, ck/; fd;k A bu pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus gsrq ç'kklu dks vusd
Lofoosdh; 'kfä;k lkSaiuk vfuok;Z gks x;k] QyLo:i ç'kkldh; fof/k dk vR;f/kd foLrkj
gqvk vkSj gks jgk gSa A
2- :
ç'kklfud dkuwu dh O;k[;k djus ;k mudks ykxw djus okys U;k;kf/kdj.kksa dh dk;Z
fof/k lkekU; U;k;ky;ksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd 'kh?kzxkeh gksrh gSa A
3- :
lkekU; U;k;ky;ksa ds foijhr ç'kkldh; U;k;ky; vkSj vf/kdkjh LFkkuh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa
ls vf/kd vPNs lsa voxr gksrs gS rFkk mlds vuqlkj fu.kZ; dj ikus dh Hkh LorU=rk mUgsa
gksrh gS A bl yksp'khyrk us ç'kkldh; fof/k dks vf/kd yksdfç; cuk;k gSa A
4- :
ç'kklu dks vusd oSKkfud vkSj rduhd ç—fr ds dk;ksaZ dk fu;eu djuk gksrk gS A
ç'kkldh; fof/k ds rgr budk fu.kZ; fu;eu fo'ks"kKksa dks lkSaidj mudk vPNk çcU/ku ;k
fuiVkjk fd;k tk ldrk gS tks lkekU; U;k;ky;ksa esa laHko ugha gksrk A
5- :
ç'kkldh; fof/k tM+ ugha gksrh gS vkSj mls ykxw djds ifj.kke ns[kdj] mlesa
rnuq:i lq/kkj] la'kks/ku gksrs jgrs gSa A
6- :
yksd ç'kklu esa vf/kdkfj;ksa dks vius drZO;ksa nkf;Roksa ds mfpr laiknu gsrq
Lokoosdh; 'kfä;k¡ nsuk vko';d gksrk gS rkfd tgka lkekU; fof/k ekSu gks] ogk¡ os vius
Lofoosd ls leL;k dk mfpr lek/kku dj lds A
7- :
tgk¡ ç'kklfud fof/k vf/kdkfj;ksa/vfHkdj.kksa dks foosd dh 'kfä lkSairh gS] ogh mldh
lhek dk Hkh fu/kkZj.k djrh gS] rkfd bl foosd dk euekuk ;k tu fo:) ç;ksx u gks lds
A
8- :
ç'kklfud dkuwu dk mís'; lkekftd fgrksa dh iwfrZ gksrk gS A og u rks ç'kklfud
vf/kdkfj;ksa dks vuqfpr dk;Z dh çsj.kk nsrk gS] u gh turk dks yksdfgr dk mYya?ku djus
nsrk gS A jkClu ds vuqlkj çR;sd ç'kklfud dkuwu dh ;g çcy bPNk jgrh gS fd og
lkekftd fgrksa ds lkFk lkekftd U;k; dh Hkh iwfrZ djsa A

oLrqr% ç'kklfud fof/k foLr`r gksrs ljdkjh nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus dk ,d ç;ksxkRed
midj.k gS tks :f<+okfnrk dks rksM+us] oSKkfudrk dks lqfuf'pr djus rFkk fofHkUu
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fgrksa dh iwfrZ djus ds fy, ,d ykspnkj] çxfr'khy ç'kklu dh fof/k
lEer O;oLFkk gS A
blus dk;Zikfydk 'kfä dk U;k; ,oa fof/k ds {ks= esa foLrkj fd;k gS A bl vk/kkj ij
ç'kklfud fof/k dh HkrZluk Hkh dh tkrh gS vkSj dgka tkrk gS fd ç'kklfud fof/k us ,d
fujadq'k 'kklu rU= dk fodkl dj ukxfjdksa dh LorU=rk dks lhfer fd;k gS A fo'ks"kdj
ßdkuwu dh vlekurkß ds vk/kkj ij ç'kkldh; fof/k dks vf/kd vkykspuk dk f'kdkj gksuk
iM+k A Mk;lh us bls fof/k ds 'kklu dk mYya?ku ekuk A

ysfdu fof/k ds 'kklu dk ;g vfrØe.k ç'kklu dks lqxe cukus vkSj O;kid tufgrksa
dh iwfrZ ds mís'; ls gksrk gS A Mk;lh Lo;a us bls ,d vko';d cqjkbZ ekuk gS D;ksafd
vk/kqfud tfVyrkvksa ls fuiVus esa ç'kklfud dkuwuksa us ljdkj dks vR;f/kd leFkZ cuk;k gS]
mlls mRiUu cqjkb;ksa dh rqyuk esa ;g ßQsDVjß gh budh yksdfç;rk dk ewyk/kkj gSa A
 :
1- Mk;lh us bls fof/k ds 'kklu dk mYya?ku ekuk A

2- ykMZ gsokVZ us bls fujadq'krk dk laKk nh A

;|fi Mk;lh us Hkh Lohdkjk gS fd ubZ vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, ç'kkldh; dkuwu
vko';d gS A
Hkkjr esa ç'kklfud dkuwu dk fLFkfr vU; ns'kksa dk rjg Hkkjr esa Hkh bldk fodkl
gqvk gS A vkS|ksfxd vf/kfu;e 1947, U;wure etnwjh vf/kfu;e 1948, dkj[kkuk ,DV
1881, Qsjk vkSj Qsek tSls vusd dkuwuksa dh Hkkjr esa ck< lh vk xbZ gS A